Construction and Demolition Waste Management Market: Global Market Size, Forecast, Insights, and Competitive Landscape
The global construction and demolition waste management market is expected to grow at a CAGR of around 3.9% during 2023-2030. This report on global construction and demolition waste management market report provides holistic understanding of the market along with market sizing, forecast, drivers, challenges, and competitive landscape. The report presents a clear picture of the global construction and demolition waste management market by segmenting the market based on business sector, service type, waste type and region. Also, detailed profiles of companies operating in the construction and demolition waste management market are provided in this report. We believe that this report will aid the professionals and industry stakeholders in making informed decision.
Market Drivers
Base Year: 2022
Historical Period: 2018-2022
Forecast Period: 2023-2030
Market by Business Sector
Market Drivers
- Increasing Construction and Infrastructure Industry
- Increasing Awareness among Government Agencies and Public
- Introduction of Green Buildings
- Impact of COVID on Subsequent Industries
- High Costs for Sorting, Cleaning and Operations
Base Year: 2022
Historical Period: 2018-2022
Forecast Period: 2023-2030
Market by Business Sector
- Construction
- Renovation
- Demolition
- Collection
- Recycling
- Landfill
- Incineration
- Inert
- Wood
- Cardboard
- Plastic
- Glass
- Metal
- Others
- Europe
- Germany
- United Kingdom
- France
- Italy
- Spain
- Russia
- Netherlands
- Rest of Europe
- North America
- United States
- Canada
- Asia Pacific
- China
- Japan
- India
- South Korea
- Australia
- Indonesia
- Rest of Asia Pacific
- Latin America
- Mexico
- Brazil
- Argentina
- Rest of Latin America
- Middle East & Africa
- Saudi Arabia
- Turkey
- Iran
- United Arab Emirates
- Rest of Middle East & Africa
1. PREFACE
1.1 Objective
1.2 Target Audience & Key Offerings
1.3 Report’s Scope
1.4 Research Methodology
1.4.1 Phase I
1.4.2 Phase II
1.4.3 Phase III
1.5 Assumptions
2. KEY INSIGHTS
3. GLOBAL CONSTRUCTION AND DEMOLITION WASTE MANAGEMENT MARKET
3.1. Introduction
3.2. Market Drivers
3.3. Market Challenges
4. GLOBAL CONSTRUCTION AND DEMOLITION WASTE MANAGEMENT MARKET ANALYSIS
4.1. Market Portraiture
4.2. Market Size
4.3. Market Forecast
4.4. Impact of COVID-19
5. GLOBAL CONSTRUCTION AND DEMOLITION WASTE MANAGEMENT MARKET BY BUSINESS SECTOR
5.1. Introduction
5.2. Construction
5.3. Renovation
5.4. Demolition
6. GLOBAL CONSTRUCTION AND DEMOLITION WASTE MANAGEMENT MARKET BY SERVICE TYPE
6.1 Introduction
6.2 Collection
6.3 Recycling
6.4 Landfill
6.5 Incineration
7. GLOBAL CONSTRUCTION AND DEMOLITION WASTE MANAGEMENT MARKET BY WASTE TYPE
7.1 Introduction
7.2 Inert
7.3 Wood
7.4 Cardboard
7.5 Plastic
7.6 Glass
7.7 Metal
7.8 Others
8.GLOBAL CONSTRUCTION AND DEMOLITION WASTE MANAGEMENT MARKET BY REGION
8.1 Introduction
8.2 Europe
8.2.1 Germany
8.2.2 United Kingdom
8.2.3 France
8.2.4 Italy
8.2.5 Spain
8.2.6 Russia
8.2.7 Netherlands
8.2.8 Rest of the Europe
8.3 North America
8.3.1 United States
8.3.2 Canada
8.4 Asia Pacific
8.4.1 China
8.4.2 Japan
8.4.3 India
8.4.4 South Korea
8.4.5 Australia
8.4.6 Indonesia
8.4.7 Rest of the Asia Pacific
8.5 Latin America
8.5.1 Mexico
8.5.2 Brazil
8.5.3 Argentina
8.5.4 Rest of Latin America
8.6 Middle East & Africa
8.6.1 Saudi Arabia
8.6.2 Turkey
8.6.2 Iran
8.6.3 United Arab Emirates
8.6.4 Rest of Middle East & Africa
9. SWOT ANALYSIS
10. PORTER’S FIVE FORCES
11. MARKET VALUE CHAIN ANALYSIS
12. COMPETITIVE LANDSCAPE
12.1 Competitive Scenario
12.2 Company Profiles
12.2.1 Progressive Waste Solution
12.2.2 Remondis
12.2.3 Republic Service
12.2.4 Clean Harbor
12.2.5 Daiseki
12.2.6 Gamma Waste systems
12.2.7 Veolia Environmental
12.2.8 Waste Management Inc
12.2.9 Renewi PLC
12.2.10 FCC
12.2.11 Advanced Disposal Services LLC
12.2.12 Casella Waste Systems
1.1 Objective
1.2 Target Audience & Key Offerings
1.3 Report’s Scope
1.4 Research Methodology
1.4.1 Phase I
1.4.2 Phase II
1.4.3 Phase III
1.5 Assumptions
2. KEY INSIGHTS
3. GLOBAL CONSTRUCTION AND DEMOLITION WASTE MANAGEMENT MARKET
3.1. Introduction
3.2. Market Drivers
3.3. Market Challenges
4. GLOBAL CONSTRUCTION AND DEMOLITION WASTE MANAGEMENT MARKET ANALYSIS
4.1. Market Portraiture
4.2. Market Size
4.3. Market Forecast
4.4. Impact of COVID-19
5. GLOBAL CONSTRUCTION AND DEMOLITION WASTE MANAGEMENT MARKET BY BUSINESS SECTOR
5.1. Introduction
5.2. Construction
5.3. Renovation
5.4. Demolition
6. GLOBAL CONSTRUCTION AND DEMOLITION WASTE MANAGEMENT MARKET BY SERVICE TYPE
6.1 Introduction
6.2 Collection
6.3 Recycling
6.4 Landfill
6.5 Incineration
7. GLOBAL CONSTRUCTION AND DEMOLITION WASTE MANAGEMENT MARKET BY WASTE TYPE
7.1 Introduction
7.2 Inert
7.3 Wood
7.4 Cardboard
7.5 Plastic
7.6 Glass
7.7 Metal
7.8 Others
8.GLOBAL CONSTRUCTION AND DEMOLITION WASTE MANAGEMENT MARKET BY REGION
8.1 Introduction
8.2 Europe
8.2.1 Germany
8.2.2 United Kingdom
8.2.3 France
8.2.4 Italy
8.2.5 Spain
8.2.6 Russia
8.2.7 Netherlands
8.2.8 Rest of the Europe
8.3 North America
8.3.1 United States
8.3.2 Canada
8.4 Asia Pacific
8.4.1 China
8.4.2 Japan
8.4.3 India
8.4.4 South Korea
8.4.5 Australia
8.4.6 Indonesia
8.4.7 Rest of the Asia Pacific
8.5 Latin America
8.5.1 Mexico
8.5.2 Brazil
8.5.3 Argentina
8.5.4 Rest of Latin America
8.6 Middle East & Africa
8.6.1 Saudi Arabia
8.6.2 Turkey
8.6.2 Iran
8.6.3 United Arab Emirates
8.6.4 Rest of Middle East & Africa
9. SWOT ANALYSIS
10. PORTER’S FIVE FORCES
11. MARKET VALUE CHAIN ANALYSIS
12. COMPETITIVE LANDSCAPE
12.1 Competitive Scenario
12.2 Company Profiles
12.2.1 Progressive Waste Solution
12.2.2 Remondis
12.2.3 Republic Service
12.2.4 Clean Harbor
12.2.5 Daiseki
12.2.6 Gamma Waste systems
12.2.7 Veolia Environmental
12.2.8 Waste Management Inc
12.2.9 Renewi PLC
12.2.10 FCC
12.2.11 Advanced Disposal Services LLC
12.2.12 Casella Waste Systems
LIST OF TABLES
Table 1: Global Construction and Demolition Waste Management Market Portraiture
Table 2: Global Construction and Demolition Waste Management Market by Business Sector (in US$ Million), 2022 & 2030
Table 3: Global Construction and Demolition Waste Management Market by Service Type (in US$ Million), 2022 & 2030
Table 4: Global Construction and Demolition Waste Management Market by Waste Type (in US$ Million), 2022 & 2030
Table 5: Global Construction and Demolition Waste Management Market by Region (in US$ Million), 2022 & 2030
Table 6: Europe Construction and Demolition Waste Management Market by Country (in US$ Million), 2022 & 2030
Table 7: North America Construction and Demolition Waste Management Market by Country (in US$ Million), 2022 & 2030
Table 8: Asia Pacific Construction and Demolition Waste Management Market by Country (in US$ Million), 2022 & 2030
Table 9: Latin America Construction and Demolition Waste Management Market by Country (in US$ Million), 2022 & 2030
Table 10: Middle East & Africa Construction and Demolition Waste Management Market by Country (in US$ Million), 2022 & 2030
Table 11: List of Key Players
Table 1: Global Construction and Demolition Waste Management Market Portraiture
Table 2: Global Construction and Demolition Waste Management Market by Business Sector (in US$ Million), 2022 & 2030
Table 3: Global Construction and Demolition Waste Management Market by Service Type (in US$ Million), 2022 & 2030
Table 4: Global Construction and Demolition Waste Management Market by Waste Type (in US$ Million), 2022 & 2030
Table 5: Global Construction and Demolition Waste Management Market by Region (in US$ Million), 2022 & 2030
Table 6: Europe Construction and Demolition Waste Management Market by Country (in US$ Million), 2022 & 2030
Table 7: North America Construction and Demolition Waste Management Market by Country (in US$ Million), 2022 & 2030
Table 8: Asia Pacific Construction and Demolition Waste Management Market by Country (in US$ Million), 2022 & 2030
Table 9: Latin America Construction and Demolition Waste Management Market by Country (in US$ Million), 2022 & 2030
Table 10: Middle East & Africa Construction and Demolition Waste Management Market by Country (in US$ Million), 2022 & 2030
Table 11: List of Key Players
LIST OF FIGURES
Figure 1: Global Construction and Demolition Waste Management Market (in US$ Million), 2018-2022
Figure 2: Global Construction and Demolition Waste Management Market by Business Sector, 2022
Figure 3: Global Construction and Demolition Waste Management Market by Service Type, 2022
Figure 4: Global Construction and Demolition Waste Management Market by Waste Type, 2022
Figure 5: Global Construction and Demolition Waste Management Market by Region, 2022
Figure 6: Global Construction and Demolition Waste Management Market (in US$ Million), 2023-2030
Figure 7: Global Construction and Demolition Waste Management Market by Business Sector (in %), 2022 & 2030
Figure 8: Global Construction and Demolition Waste Management Market from Construction (in US$ Million), 2018-2022
Figure 9: Global Construction and Demolition Waste Management Market from Construction (in US$ Million), 2023-2030
Figure 10: Global Construction and Demolition Waste Management Market from Renovation (in US$ Million), 2018-2022
Figure 11: Global Construction and Demolition Waste Management Market from Renovation (in US$ Million), 2023-2030
Figure 12: Global Construction and Demolition Waste Management Market from Demolition (in US$ Million), 2018-2022
Figure 13: Global Construction and Demolition Waste Management Market from Demolition (in US$ Million), 2023-2030
Figure 14: Global Construction and Demolition Waste Management Market by Service Type (in %), 2022 & 2030
Figure 15: Global Collection Construction and Demolition Waste Management Market (in US$ Million), 2018-2022
Figure 16: Global Collection Construction and Demolition Waste Management Market (in US$ Million), 2023-2030
Figure 17: Global Recycling Construction and Demolition Waste Management Market (in US$ Million), 2018-2022
Figure 18: Global Recycling Construction and Demolition Waste Management Market (in US$ Million), 2023-2030
Figure 19: Global Landfill Construction and Demolition Waste Management Market (in US$ Million), 2018-2022
Figure 20: Global Landfill Construction and Demolition Waste Management Market (in US$ Million), 2023-2030
Figure 21: Global Incineration Construction and Demolition Waste Management Market (in US$ Million), 2018-2022
Figure 22: Global Incineration Construction and Demolition Waste Management Market (in US$ Million), 2023-2030
Figure 23: Global Construction and Demolition Waste Management Market by Waste Type (in %), 2022 & 2030
Figure 24: Global Inert Construction and Demolition Waste Management Market (in US$ Million), 2018-2022
Figure 25: Global Inert Construction and Demolition Waste Management Market (in US$ Million), 2023-2030
Figure 26: Global Wood Construction and Demolition Waste Management Market (in US$ Million), 2018-2022
Figure 27: Global Wood Construction and Demolition Waste Management Market (in US$ Million), 2023-2030
Figure 28: Global Cardboard Construction and Demolition Waste Management Market (in US$ Million), 2018-2022
Figure 29: Global Cardboard Construction and Demolition Waste Management Market (in US$ Million), 2023-2030
Figure 30: Global Plastic Construction and Demolition Waste Management Market (in US$ Million), 2018-2022
Figure 31: Global Plastic Construction and Demolition Waste Management Market (in US$ Million), 2023-2030
Figure 32: Global Glass Construction and Demolition Waste Management Market (in US$ Million), 2018-2022
Figure 33: Global Glass Construction and Demolition Waste Management Market (in US$ Million), 2023-2030
Figure 34: Global Metal Construction and Demolition Waste Management Market (in US$ Million), 2018-2022
Figure 35: Global Metal Construction and Demolition Waste Management Market (in US$ Million), 2023-2030
Figure 36: Global Other Waste Types Construction and Demolition Waste Management Market (in US$ Million), 2018-2022
Figure 37: Global Other Waste Types Construction and Demolition Waste Management Market (in US$ Million), 2023-2030
Figure 38: Global Construction and Demolition Waste Management Market by Region (in %), 2022 & 2030
Figure 39: Europe Construction and Demolition Waste Management Market (in US$ Million), 2018-2022
Figure 40: Europe Construction and Demolition Waste Management Market (in US$ Million), 2023-2030
Figure 41: Europe Construction and Demolition Waste Management Market by Country (in %), 2022 & 2030
Figure 42: Germany Construction and Demolition Waste Management Market (in US$ Million), 2018-2030
Figure 43: United Kingdom Construction and Demolition Waste Management Market (in US$ Million), 2018-2030
Figure 44: France Construction and Demolition Waste Management Market (in US$ Million), 2018-2030
Figure 45: Italy Construction and Demolition Waste Management Market (in US$ Million), 2018-2030
Figure 46: Spain Construction and Demolition Waste Management Market (in US$ Million), 2018-2030
Figure 47: Russia Construction and Demolition Waste Management Market (in US$ Million), 2018-2030
Figure 48: Netherlands Construction and Demolition Waste Management Market (in US$ Million), 2018-2030
Figure 49: North America Construction and Demolition Waste Management Market (in US$ Million), 2018-2022
Figure 50: North America Construction and Demolition Waste Management Market (in US$ Million), 2023-2030
Figure 51: North America Construction and Demolition Waste Management Market by Country (in %), 2022 & 2030
Figure 52: United States Construction and Demolition Waste Management Market (in US$ Million), 2018-2030
Figure 53: Canada Construction and Demolition Waste Management Market (in US$ Million), 2018-2030
Figure 54: Asia Pacific Construction and Demolition Waste Management Market (in US$ Million), 2018-2022
Figure 55: Asia Pacific Construction and Demolition Waste Management Market (in US$ Million), 2023-2030
Figure 56: Asia Pacific Construction and Demolition Waste Management Market by Country (in %), 2022 & 2030
Figure 57: China Construction and Demolition Waste Management Market (in US$ Million), 2018-2030
Figure 58: Japan Construction and Demolition Waste Management Market (in US$ Million), 2018-2030
Figure 59: India Construction and Demolition Waste Management Market (in US$ Million), 2018-2030
Figure 60: South Korea Construction and Demolition Waste Management Market (in US$ Million), 2018-2030
Figure 61: Australia Construction and Demolition Waste Management Market (in US$ Million), 2018-2030
Figure 62: Indonesia Construction and Demolition Waste Management Market (in US$ Million), 2018-2030
Figure 63: Latin America Construction and Demolition Waste Management Market (in US$ Million), 2018-2022
Figure 64: Latin America Construction and Demolition Waste Management Market (in US$ Million), 2023-2030
Figure 65: Latin America Construction and Demolition Waste Management Market by Country (in %), 2022 & 2030
Figure 66: Mexico Construction and Demolition Waste Management Market (in US$ Million), 2018-2030
Figure 67: Brazil Construction and Demolition Waste Management Market (in US$ Million), 2018-2030
Figure 68: Argentina Construction and Demolition Waste Management Market (in US$ Million), 2018-2030
Figure 69: Middle East & Africa Construction and Demolition Waste Management Market (in US$ Million), 2018-2022
Figure 70: Middle East & Africa Construction and Demolition Waste Management Market (in US$ Million), 2023-2030
Figure 71: Middle East & Africa Construction and Demolition Waste Management Market by Country (in %), 2022 & 2030
Figure 72: Saudi Arabia Construction and Demolition Waste Management Market (in US$ Million), 2018-2030
Figure 73: Turkey Construction and Demolition Waste Management Market (in US$ Million), 2018-2030
Figure 74: Iran Construction and Demolition Waste Management Market (in US$ Million), 2018-2030
Figure 75: UAE Construction and Demolition Waste Management Market (in US$ Million), 2018-2030
Figure 76: Market Value Chain
Figure 1: Global Construction and Demolition Waste Management Market (in US$ Million), 2018-2022
Figure 2: Global Construction and Demolition Waste Management Market by Business Sector, 2022
Figure 3: Global Construction and Demolition Waste Management Market by Service Type, 2022
Figure 4: Global Construction and Demolition Waste Management Market by Waste Type, 2022
Figure 5: Global Construction and Demolition Waste Management Market by Region, 2022
Figure 6: Global Construction and Demolition Waste Management Market (in US$ Million), 2023-2030
Figure 7: Global Construction and Demolition Waste Management Market by Business Sector (in %), 2022 & 2030
Figure 8: Global Construction and Demolition Waste Management Market from Construction (in US$ Million), 2018-2022
Figure 9: Global Construction and Demolition Waste Management Market from Construction (in US$ Million), 2023-2030
Figure 10: Global Construction and Demolition Waste Management Market from Renovation (in US$ Million), 2018-2022
Figure 11: Global Construction and Demolition Waste Management Market from Renovation (in US$ Million), 2023-2030
Figure 12: Global Construction and Demolition Waste Management Market from Demolition (in US$ Million), 2018-2022
Figure 13: Global Construction and Demolition Waste Management Market from Demolition (in US$ Million), 2023-2030
Figure 14: Global Construction and Demolition Waste Management Market by Service Type (in %), 2022 & 2030
Figure 15: Global Collection Construction and Demolition Waste Management Market (in US$ Million), 2018-2022
Figure 16: Global Collection Construction and Demolition Waste Management Market (in US$ Million), 2023-2030
Figure 17: Global Recycling Construction and Demolition Waste Management Market (in US$ Million), 2018-2022
Figure 18: Global Recycling Construction and Demolition Waste Management Market (in US$ Million), 2023-2030
Figure 19: Global Landfill Construction and Demolition Waste Management Market (in US$ Million), 2018-2022
Figure 20: Global Landfill Construction and Demolition Waste Management Market (in US$ Million), 2023-2030
Figure 21: Global Incineration Construction and Demolition Waste Management Market (in US$ Million), 2018-2022
Figure 22: Global Incineration Construction and Demolition Waste Management Market (in US$ Million), 2023-2030
Figure 23: Global Construction and Demolition Waste Management Market by Waste Type (in %), 2022 & 2030
Figure 24: Global Inert Construction and Demolition Waste Management Market (in US$ Million), 2018-2022
Figure 25: Global Inert Construction and Demolition Waste Management Market (in US$ Million), 2023-2030
Figure 26: Global Wood Construction and Demolition Waste Management Market (in US$ Million), 2018-2022
Figure 27: Global Wood Construction and Demolition Waste Management Market (in US$ Million), 2023-2030
Figure 28: Global Cardboard Construction and Demolition Waste Management Market (in US$ Million), 2018-2022
Figure 29: Global Cardboard Construction and Demolition Waste Management Market (in US$ Million), 2023-2030
Figure 30: Global Plastic Construction and Demolition Waste Management Market (in US$ Million), 2018-2022
Figure 31: Global Plastic Construction and Demolition Waste Management Market (in US$ Million), 2023-2030
Figure 32: Global Glass Construction and Demolition Waste Management Market (in US$ Million), 2018-2022
Figure 33: Global Glass Construction and Demolition Waste Management Market (in US$ Million), 2023-2030
Figure 34: Global Metal Construction and Demolition Waste Management Market (in US$ Million), 2018-2022
Figure 35: Global Metal Construction and Demolition Waste Management Market (in US$ Million), 2023-2030
Figure 36: Global Other Waste Types Construction and Demolition Waste Management Market (in US$ Million), 2018-2022
Figure 37: Global Other Waste Types Construction and Demolition Waste Management Market (in US$ Million), 2023-2030
Figure 38: Global Construction and Demolition Waste Management Market by Region (in %), 2022 & 2030
Figure 39: Europe Construction and Demolition Waste Management Market (in US$ Million), 2018-2022
Figure 40: Europe Construction and Demolition Waste Management Market (in US$ Million), 2023-2030
Figure 41: Europe Construction and Demolition Waste Management Market by Country (in %), 2022 & 2030
Figure 42: Germany Construction and Demolition Waste Management Market (in US$ Million), 2018-2030
Figure 43: United Kingdom Construction and Demolition Waste Management Market (in US$ Million), 2018-2030
Figure 44: France Construction and Demolition Waste Management Market (in US$ Million), 2018-2030
Figure 45: Italy Construction and Demolition Waste Management Market (in US$ Million), 2018-2030
Figure 46: Spain Construction and Demolition Waste Management Market (in US$ Million), 2018-2030
Figure 47: Russia Construction and Demolition Waste Management Market (in US$ Million), 2018-2030
Figure 48: Netherlands Construction and Demolition Waste Management Market (in US$ Million), 2018-2030
Figure 49: North America Construction and Demolition Waste Management Market (in US$ Million), 2018-2022
Figure 50: North America Construction and Demolition Waste Management Market (in US$ Million), 2023-2030
Figure 51: North America Construction and Demolition Waste Management Market by Country (in %), 2022 & 2030
Figure 52: United States Construction and Demolition Waste Management Market (in US$ Million), 2018-2030
Figure 53: Canada Construction and Demolition Waste Management Market (in US$ Million), 2018-2030
Figure 54: Asia Pacific Construction and Demolition Waste Management Market (in US$ Million), 2018-2022
Figure 55: Asia Pacific Construction and Demolition Waste Management Market (in US$ Million), 2023-2030
Figure 56: Asia Pacific Construction and Demolition Waste Management Market by Country (in %), 2022 & 2030
Figure 57: China Construction and Demolition Waste Management Market (in US$ Million), 2018-2030
Figure 58: Japan Construction and Demolition Waste Management Market (in US$ Million), 2018-2030
Figure 59: India Construction and Demolition Waste Management Market (in US$ Million), 2018-2030
Figure 60: South Korea Construction and Demolition Waste Management Market (in US$ Million), 2018-2030
Figure 61: Australia Construction and Demolition Waste Management Market (in US$ Million), 2018-2030
Figure 62: Indonesia Construction and Demolition Waste Management Market (in US$ Million), 2018-2030
Figure 63: Latin America Construction and Demolition Waste Management Market (in US$ Million), 2018-2022
Figure 64: Latin America Construction and Demolition Waste Management Market (in US$ Million), 2023-2030
Figure 65: Latin America Construction and Demolition Waste Management Market by Country (in %), 2022 & 2030
Figure 66: Mexico Construction and Demolition Waste Management Market (in US$ Million), 2018-2030
Figure 67: Brazil Construction and Demolition Waste Management Market (in US$ Million), 2018-2030
Figure 68: Argentina Construction and Demolition Waste Management Market (in US$ Million), 2018-2030
Figure 69: Middle East & Africa Construction and Demolition Waste Management Market (in US$ Million), 2018-2022
Figure 70: Middle East & Africa Construction and Demolition Waste Management Market (in US$ Million), 2023-2030
Figure 71: Middle East & Africa Construction and Demolition Waste Management Market by Country (in %), 2022 & 2030
Figure 72: Saudi Arabia Construction and Demolition Waste Management Market (in US$ Million), 2018-2030
Figure 73: Turkey Construction and Demolition Waste Management Market (in US$ Million), 2018-2030
Figure 74: Iran Construction and Demolition Waste Management Market (in US$ Million), 2018-2030
Figure 75: UAE Construction and Demolition Waste Management Market (in US$ Million), 2018-2030
Figure 76: Market Value Chain
