2020-2025 Global Vacuum Flask Market Report - Production and Consumption Professional Analysis (Impact of COVID-19)

April 2021 | 113 pages | ID: 21BD4D731A5CEN
Maia Research

Abstracts

This report elaborates the market size, market characteristics, and market growth of the Vacuum Flask industry, and breaks down according to the type, application, and consumption area of Vacuum Flask. The report also conducted a PESTEL analysis of the industry to study the main influencing factors and entry barriers of the industry.

In Chapter 3.4 of the report, the impact of the COVID-19 outbreak on the industry was fully assessed. Fully risk assessment and industry recommendations were made for Vacuum Flask in a special period. This chapter also compares the markets of Pre COVID-19 and Post COVID-19.

In addition, chapters 8-12 consider the impact of COVID-19 on the regional economy.

Key players in the global Vacuum Flask market covered in Chapter 13:
Nanlong Group
Powcan Grop
Xiongtai Group
Zhejiang Haers Vacuum Containers
PMI
Zojirushi
Tiger Corporation
Lifeventure
Thermos
Shanghai Wan Sheng Vacuum Flask & Vessel
Hydro Flask
Shenzhen Fortune Industries
Eco Vessel
Kimble Chase Life Science and Research Products
Ignite USA
Wanshida Group
SIGG
Elite

In Chapter 6, on the basis of types, the Vacuum Flask market from 2015 to 2025 is primarily split into:
<350 ml
350-500 ml
500-1000 ml
1000-5000 ml
Others

In Chapter 7, on the basis of applications, the Vacuum Flask market from 2015 to 2025 covers:
Home Use
Commercial Use

Geographically, the detailed analysis of production, trade of the following countries is covered in Chapter 4.2, 5:
United States
Europe
China
Japan
India

Geographically, the detailed analysis of consumption, revenue, market share and growth rate of the following regions are covered in Chapter 8, 9, 10, 11, 12:
North America (Covered in Chapter 8)
United States
Canada
Mexico
Europe (Covered in Chapter 9)
Germany
UK
France
Italy
Spain
Others
Asia-Pacific (Covered in Chapter 10)
China
Japan
India
South Korea
Southeast Asia
Others
Middle East and Africa (Covered in Chapter 11)
Saudi Arabia
UAE
South Africa
Others
South America (Covered in Chapter 12)
Brazil
Others

Years considered for this report:
Historical Years: 2015-2019
Base Year: 2019
Estimated Year: 2020
Forecast Period: 2020-2025

Contents

1 VACUUM FLASK MARKET - RESEARCH SCOPE

1.1 Study Goals
1.2 Market Definition and Scope
1.3 Key Market Segments
1.4 Study and Forecasting Years

2 VACUUM FLASK MARKET - RESEARCH METHODOLOGY

2.1 Methodology
2.2 Research Data Source
  2.2.1 Secondary Data
  2.2.2 Primary Data
  2.2.3 Market Size Estimation
  2.2.4 Legal Disclaimer

3 VACUUM FLASK MARKET FORCES

3.1 Global Vacuum Flask Market Size
3.2 Top Impacting Factors (PESTEL Analysis)
  3.2.1 Political Factors
  3.2.2 Economic Factors
  3.2.3 Social Factors
  3.2.4 Technological Factors
  3.2.5 Environmental Factors
  3.2.6 Legal Factors
3.3 Industry Trend Analysis
3.4 Industry Trends Under COVID-19
  3.4.1 Risk Assessment on COVID-19
  3.4.2 Assessment of the Overall Impact of COVID-19 on the Industry
  3.4.3 Pre COVID-19 and Post COVID-19 Market Scenario
3.5 Industry Risk Assessment

4 VACUUM FLASK MARKET - BY GEOGRAPHY

4.1 Global Vacuum Flask Market Value and Market Share by Regions
  4.1.1 Global Vacuum Flask Value ($) by Region (2015-2020)
  4.1.2 Global Vacuum Flask Value Market Share by Regions (2015-2020)
4.2 Global Vacuum Flask Market Production and Market Share by Major Countries
  4.2.1 Global Vacuum Flask Production by Major Countries (2015-2020)
  4.2.2 Global Vacuum Flask Production Market Share by Major Countries (2015-2020)
4.3 Global Vacuum Flask Market Consumption and Market Share by Regions
  4.3.1 Global Vacuum Flask Consumption by Regions (2015-2020)
  4.3.2 Global Vacuum Flask Consumption Market Share by Regions (2015-2020)

5 VACUUM FLASK MARKET - BY TRADE STATISTICS

5.1 Global Vacuum Flask Export and Import
5.2 United States Vacuum Flask Export and Import (2015-2020)
5.3 Europe Vacuum Flask Export and Import (2015-2020)
5.4 China Vacuum Flask Export and Import (2015-2020)
5.5 Japan Vacuum Flask Export and Import (2015-2020)
5.6 India Vacuum Flask Export and Import (2015-2020)
5.7 ...

6 VACUUM FLASK MARKET - BY TYPE

6.1 Global Vacuum Flask Production and Market Share by Types (2015-2020)
  6.1.1 Global Vacuum Flask Production by Types (2015-2020)
  6.1.2 Global Vacuum Flask Production Market Share by Types (2015-2020)
6.2 Global Vacuum Flask Value and Market Share by Types (2015-2020)
  6.2.1 Global Vacuum Flask Value by Types (2015-2020)
  6.2.2 Global Vacuum Flask Value Market Share by Types (2015-2020)
6.3 Global Vacuum Flask Production, Price and Growth Rate of <350 ml (2015-2020)
6.4 Global Vacuum Flask Production, Price and Growth Rate of 350-500 ml (2015-2020)
6.5 Global Vacuum Flask Production, Price and Growth Rate of 500-1000 ml (2015-2020)
6.6 Global Vacuum Flask Production, Price and Growth Rate of 1000-5000 ml (2015-2020)
6.7 Global Vacuum Flask Production, Price and Growth Rate of Others (2015-2020)

7 VACUUM FLASK MARKET - BY APPLICATION

7.1 Global Vacuum Flask Consumption and Market Share by Applications (2015-2020)
  7.1.1 Global Vacuum Flask Consumption by Applications (2015-2020)
  7.1.2 Global Vacuum Flask Consumption Market Share by Applications (2015-2020)
7.2 Global Vacuum Flask Consumption and Growth Rate of Home Use (2015-2020)
7.3 Global Vacuum Flask Consumption and Growth Rate of Commercial Use (2015-2020)

8 NORTH AMERICA VACUUM FLASK MARKET

8.1 North America Vacuum Flask Market Size
8.2 United States Vacuum Flask Market Size
8.3 Canada Vacuum Flask Market Size
8.4 Mexico Vacuum Flask Market Size
8.5 The Influence of COVID-19 on North America Market

9 EUROPE VACUUM FLASK MARKET ANALYSIS

9.1 Europe Vacuum Flask Market Size
9.2 Germany Vacuum Flask Market Size
9.3 United Kingdom Vacuum Flask Market Size
9.4 France Vacuum Flask Market Size
9.5 Italy Vacuum Flask Market Size
9.6 Spain Vacuum Flask Market Size
9.7 The Influence of COVID-19 on Europe Market

10 ASIA-PACIFIC VACUUM FLASK MARKET ANALYSIS

10.1 Asia-Pacific Vacuum Flask Market Size
10.2 China Vacuum Flask Market Size
10.3 Japan Vacuum Flask Market Size
10.4 South Korea Vacuum Flask Market Size
10.5 Southeast Asia Vacuum Flask Market Size
10.6 India Vacuum Flask Market Size
10.7 The Influence of COVID-19 on Asia Pacific Market

11 MIDDLE EAST AND AFRICA VACUUM FLASK MARKET ANALYSIS

11.1 Middle East and Africa Vacuum Flask Market Size
11.2 Saudi Arabia Vacuum Flask Market Size
11.3 UAE Vacuum Flask Market Size
11.4 South Africa Vacuum Flask Market Size
11.5 The Influence of COVID-19 on Middle East and Africa Market

12 SOUTH AMERICA VACUUM FLASK MARKET ANALYSIS

12.1 South America Vacuum Flask Market Size
12.2 Brazil Vacuum Flask Market Size
12.3 The Influence of COVID-19 on South America Market

13 COMPANY PROFILES

13.1 Nanlong Group
  13.1.1 Nanlong Group Basic Information
  13.1.2 Nanlong Group Product Profiles, Application and Specification
  13.1.3 Nanlong Group Vacuum Flask Market Performance (2015-2020)
13.2 Powcan Grop
  13.2.1 Powcan Grop Basic Information
  13.2.2 Powcan Grop Product Profiles, Application and Specification
  13.2.3 Powcan Grop Vacuum Flask Market Performance (2015-2020)
13.3 Xiongtai Group
  13.3.1 Xiongtai Group Basic Information
  13.3.2 Xiongtai Group Product Profiles, Application and Specification
  13.3.3 Xiongtai Group Vacuum Flask Market Performance (2015-2020)
13.4 Zhejiang Haers Vacuum Containers
  13.4.1 Zhejiang Haers Vacuum Containers Basic Information
  13.4.2 Zhejiang Haers Vacuum Containers Product Profiles, Application and Specification
  13.4.3 Zhejiang Haers Vacuum Containers Vacuum Flask Market Performance (2015-2020)
13.5 PMI
  13.5.1 PMI Basic Information
  13.5.2 PMI Product Profiles, Application and Specification
  13.5.3 PMI Vacuum Flask Market Performance (2015-2020)
13.6 Zojirushi
  13.6.1 Zojirushi Basic Information
  13.6.2 Zojirushi Product Profiles, Application and Specification
  13.6.3 Zojirushi Vacuum Flask Market Performance (2015-2020)
13.7 Tiger Corporation
  13.7.1 Tiger Corporation Basic Information
  13.7.2 Tiger Corporation Product Profiles, Application and Specification
  13.7.3 Tiger Corporation Vacuum Flask Market Performance (2015-2020)
13.8 Lifeventure
  13.8.1 Lifeventure Basic Information
  13.8.2 Lifeventure Product Profiles, Application and Specification
  13.8.3 Lifeventure Vacuum Flask Market Performance (2015-2020)
13.9 Thermos
  13.9.1 Thermos Basic Information
  13.9.2 Thermos Product Profiles, Application and Specification
  13.9.3 Thermos Vacuum Flask Market Performance (2015-2020)
13.10 Shanghai Wan Sheng Vacuum Flask & Vessel
  13.10.1 Shanghai Wan Sheng Vacuum Flask & Vessel Basic Information
  13.10.2 Shanghai Wan Sheng Vacuum Flask & Vessel Product Profiles, Application and Specification
  13.10.3 Shanghai Wan Sheng Vacuum Flask & Vessel Vacuum Flask Market Performance (2015-2020)
13.11 Hydro Flask
  13.11.1 Hydro Flask Basic Information
  13.11.2 Hydro Flask Product Profiles, Application and Specification
  13.11.3 Hydro Flask Vacuum Flask Market Performance (2015-2020)
13.12 Shenzhen Fortune Industries
  13.12.1 Shenzhen Fortune Industries Basic Information
  13.12.2 Shenzhen Fortune Industries Product Profiles, Application and Specification
  13.12.3 Shenzhen Fortune Industries Vacuum Flask Market Performance (2015-2020)
13.13 Eco Vessel
  13.13.1 Eco Vessel Basic Information
  13.13.2 Eco Vessel Product Profiles, Application and Specification
  13.13.3 Eco Vessel Vacuum Flask Market Performance (2015-2020)
13.14 Kimble Chase Life Science and Research Products
  13.14.1 Kimble Chase Life Science and Research Products Basic Information
  13.14.2 Kimble Chase Life Science and Research Products Product Profiles, Application and Specification
  13.14.3 Kimble Chase Life Science and Research Products Vacuum Flask Market Performance (2015-2020)
13.15 Ignite USA
  13.15.1 Ignite USA Basic Information
  13.15.2 Ignite USA Product Profiles, Application and Specification
  13.15.3 Ignite USA Vacuum Flask Market Performance (2015-2020)
13.16 Wanshida Group
  13.16.1 Wanshida Group Basic Information
  13.16.2 Wanshida Group Product Profiles, Application and Specification
  13.16.3 Wanshida Group Vacuum Flask Market Performance (2015-2020)
13.17 SIGG
  13.17.1 SIGG Basic Information
  13.17.2 SIGG Product Profiles, Application and Specification
  13.17.3 SIGG Vacuum Flask Market Performance (2015-2020)
13.18 Elite
  13.18.1 Elite Basic Information
  13.18.2 Elite Product Profiles, Application and Specification
  13.18.3 Elite Vacuum Flask Market Performance (2015-2020)

14 MARKET FORECAST - BY REGIONS

14.1 North America Vacuum Flask Market Forecast (2020-2025)
14.2 Europe Vacuum Flask Market Forecast (2020-2025)
14.3 Asia-Pacific Vacuum Flask Market Forecast (2020-2025)
14.4 Middle East and Africa Vacuum Flask Market Forecast (2020-2025)
14.5 South America Vacuum Flask Market Forecast (2020-2025)

15 MARKET FORECAST - BY TYPE AND APPLICATIONS

15.1 Global Vacuum Flask Market Forecast by Types (2020-2025)
  15.1.1 Global Vacuum Flask Market Forecast Production and Market Share by Types (2020-2025)
  15.1.2 Global Vacuum Flask Market Forecast Value and Market Share by Types (2020-2025)
15.2 Global Vacuum Flask Market Forecast by Applications (2020-2025)

List Of Tables

LIST OF TABLES AND FIGURES

Figure Vacuum Flask Picture
Table Vacuum Flask Key Market Segments
Figure Study and Forecasting Years
Figure Global Vacuum Flask Market Size and Growth Rate 2015-2025
Figure Industry PESTEL Analysis
Figure Global COVID-19 Status
Figure Market Size Forecast Comparison of Pre COVID-19 and Post COVID-19
Figure Global Vacuum Flask Value ($) and Growth Rate (2015-2020)
Table Global Vacuum Flask Value ($) by Countries (2015-2020)
Table Global Vacuum Flask Value Market Share by Regions (2015-2020)
Figure Global Vacuum Flask Value Market Share by Regions in 2019
Figure Global Vacuum Flask Production and Growth Rate (2015-2020)
Table Global Vacuum Flask Production by Major Countries (2015-2020)
Table Global Vacuum Flask Production Market Share by Major Countries (2015-2020)
Figure Global Vacuum Flask Production Market Share by Regions in 2019
Figure Global Vacuum Flask Consumption and Growth Rate (2015-2020)
Table Global Vacuum Flask Consumption by Regions (2015-2020)
Table Global Vacuum Flask Consumption Market Share by Regions (2015-2020)
Figure Global Vacuum Flask Consumption Market Share by Regions in 2019
Table Global Vacuum Flask Export Top 3 Country 2019
Table Global Vacuum Flask Import Top 3 Country 2019
Table United States Vacuum Flask Export and Import (2015-2020)
Table Europe Vacuum Flask Export and Import (2015-2020)
Table China Vacuum Flask Export and Import (2015-2020)
Table Japan Vacuum Flask Export and Import (2015-2020)
Table India Vacuum Flask Export and Import (2015-2020)
Table Global Vacuum Flask Production by Types (2015-2020)
Table Global Vacuum Flask Production Market Share by Types (2015-2020)
Figure Global Vacuum Flask Production Share by Type (2015-2020)
Table Global Vacuum Flask Value by Types (2015-2020)
Table Global Vacuum Flask Value Market Share by Types (2015-2020)
Figure Global Vacuum Flask Value Share by Type (2015-2020)
Figure Global <350 ml Production and Growth Rate (2015-2020)
Figure Global <350 ml Price (2015-2020)
Figure Global 350-500 ml Production and Growth Rate (2015-2020)
Figure Global 350-500 ml Price (2015-2020)
Figure Global 500-1000 ml Production and Growth Rate (2015-2020)
Figure Global 500-1000 ml Price (2015-2020)
Figure Global 1000-5000 ml Production and Growth Rate (2015-2020)
Figure Global 1000-5000 ml Price (2015-2020)
Figure Global Others Production and Growth Rate (2015-2020)
Figure Global Others Price (2015-2020)
Table Global Vacuum Flask Consumption by Applications (2015-2020)
Table Global Vacuum Flask Consumption Market Share by Applications (2015-2020)
Figure Global Vacuum Flask Consumption Share by Application (2015-2020)
Figure Global Home Use Consumption and Growth Rate (2015-2020)
Figure Global Commercial Use Consumption and Growth Rate (2015-2020)
Figure North America Vacuum Flask Market Consumption and Growth Rate (2015-2020)
Table North America Vacuum Flask Consumption by Countries (2015-2020)
Table North America Vacuum Flask Consumption Market Share by Countries (2015-2020)
Figure North America Vacuum Flask Consumption Market Share by Countries (2015-2020)
Figure United States Vacuum Flask Market Consumption and Growth Rate (2015-2020)
Figure Canada Vacuum Flask Market Consumption and Growth Rate (2015-2020)
Figure Mexico Vacuum Flask Market Consumption and Growth Rate (2015-2020)
Figure North America COVID-19 Status
Figure Europe Vacuum Flask Market Consumption and Growth Rate (2015-2020)
Table Europe Vacuum Flask Consumption by Countries (2015-2020)
Table Europe Vacuum Flask Consumption Market Share by Countries (2015-2020)
Figure Europe Vacuum Flask Consumption Market Share by Countries (2015-2020)
Figure Germany Vacuum Flask Market Consumption and Growth Rate (2015-2020)
Figure United Kingdom Vacuum Flask Market Consumption and Growth Rate (2015-2020)
Figure France Vacuum Flask Market Consumption and Growth Rate (2015-2020)
Figure Italy Vacuum Flask Market Consumption and Growth Rate (2015-2020)
Figure Spain Vacuum Flask Market Consumption and Growth Rate (2015-2020)
Figure Europe COVID-19 Status
Figure Asia-Pacific Vacuum Flask Market Consumption and Growth Rate (2015-2020)
Table Asia-Pacific Vacuum Flask Consumption by Countries (2015-2020)
Table Asia-Pacific Vacuum Flask Consumption Market Share by Countries (2015-2020)
Figure Asia-Pacific Vacuum Flask Consumption Market Share by Countries (2015-2020)
Figure China Vacuum Flask Market Consumption and Growth Rate (2015-2020)
Figure Japan Vacuum Flask Market Consumption and Growth Rate (2015-2020)
Figure South Korea Vacuum Flask Market Consumption and Growth Rate (2015-2020)
Figure Southeast Asia Vacuum Flask Market Consumption and Growth Rate (2015-2020)
Figure India Vacuum Flask Market Consumption and Growth Rate (2015-2020)
Figure Asia Pacific COVID-19 Status
Figure Middle East and Africa Vacuum Flask Market Consumption and Growth Rate (2015-2020)
Table Middle East and Africa Vacuum Flask Consumption by Countries (2015-2020)
Table Middle East and Africa Vacuum Flask Consumption Market Share by Countries (2015-2020)
Figure Middle East and Africa Vacuum Flask Consumption Market Share by Countries (2015-2020)
Figure Saudi Arabia Vacuum Flask Market Consumption and Growth Rate (2015-2020)
Figure UAE Vacuum Flask Market Consumption and Growth Rate (2015-2020)
Figure South Africa Vacuum Flask Market Consumption and Growth Rate (2015-2020)
Figure South America Vacuum Flask Market Consumption and Growth Rate (2015-2020)
Table South America Vacuum Flask Consumption by Countries (2015-2020)
Table South America Vacuum Flask Consumption Market Share by Countries (2015-2020)
Figure South America Vacuum Flask Consumption Market Share by Countries (2015-2020)
Figure Brazil Vacuum Flask Market Consumption and Growth Rate (2015-2020)
Table Nanlong Group Company Profile
Table Nanlong Group Production, Value, Price, Gross Margin 2015-2020
Figure Nanlong Group Production and Growth Rate
Figure Nanlong Group Value ($) Market Share 2015-2020
Table Powcan Grop Company Profile
Table Powcan Grop Production, Value, Price, Gross Margin 2015-2020
Figure Powcan Grop Production and Growth Rate
Figure Powcan Grop Value ($) Market Share 2015-2020
Table Xiongtai Group Company Profile
Table Xiongtai Group Production, Value, Price, Gross Margin 2015-2020
Figure Xiongtai Group Production and Growth Rate
Figure Xiongtai Group Value ($) Market Share 2015-2020
Table Zhejiang Haers Vacuum Containers Company Profile
Table Zhejiang Haers Vacuum Containers Production, Value, Price, Gross Margin 2015-2020
Figure Zhejiang Haers Vacuum Containers Production and Growth Rate
Figure Zhejiang Haers Vacuum Containers Value ($) Market Share 2015-2020
Table PMI Company Profile
Table PMI Production, Value, Price, Gross Margin 2015-2020
Figure PMI Production and Growth Rate
Figure PMI Value ($) Market Share 2015-2020
Table Zojirushi Company Profile
Table Zojirushi Production, Value, Price, Gross Margin 2015-2020
Figure Zojirushi Production and Growth Rate
Figure Zojirushi Value ($) Market Share 2015-2020
Table Tiger Corporation Company Profile
Table Tiger Corporation Production, Value, Price, Gross Margin 2015-2020
Figure Tiger Corporation Production and Growth Rate
Figure Tiger Corporation Value ($) Market Share 2015-2020
Table Lifeventure Company Profile
Table Lifeventure Production, Value, Price, Gross Margin 2015-2020
Figure Lifeventure Production and Growth Rate
Figure Lifeventure Value ($) Market Share 2015-2020
Table Thermos Company Profile
Table Thermos Production, Value, Price, Gross Margin 2015-2020
Figure Thermos Production and Growth Rate
Figure Thermos Value ($) Market Share 2015-2020
Table Shanghai Wan Sheng Vacuum Flask & Vessel Company Profile
Table Shanghai Wan Sheng Vacuum Flask & Vessel Production, Value, Price, Gross Margin 2015-2020
Figure Shanghai Wan Sheng Vacuum Flask & Vessel Production and Growth Rate
Figure Shanghai Wan Sheng Vacuum Flask & Vessel Value ($) Market Share 2015-2020
Table Hydro Flask Company Profile
Table Hydro Flask Production, Value, Price, Gross Margin 2015-2020
Figure Hydro Flask Production and Growth Rate
Figure Hydro Flask Value ($) Market Share 2015-2020
Table Shenzhen Fortune Industries Company Profile
Table Shenzhen Fortune Industries Production, Value, Price, Gross Margin 2015-2020
Figure Shenzhen Fortune Industries Production and Growth Rate
Figure Shenzhen Fortune Industries Value ($) Market Share 2015-2020
Table Eco Vessel Company Profile
Table Eco Vessel Production, Value, Price, Gross Margin 2015-2020
Figure Eco Vessel Production and Growth Rate
Figure Eco Vessel Value ($) Market Share 2015-2020
Table Kimble Chase Life Science and Research Products Company Profile
Table Kimble Chase Life Science and Research Products Production, Value, Price, Gross Margin 2015-2020
Figure Kimble Chase Life Science and Research Products Production and Growth Rate
Figure Kimble Chase Life Science and Research Products Value ($) Market Share 2015-2020
Table Ignite USA Company Profile
Table Ignite USA Production, Value, Price, Gross Margin 2015-2020
Figure Ignite USA Production and Growth Rate
Figure Ignite USA Value ($) Market Share 2015-2020
Table Wanshida Group Company Profile
Table Wanshida Group Production, Value, Price, Gross Margin 2015-2020
Figure Wanshida Group Production and Growth Rate
Figure Wanshida Group Value ($) Market Share 2015-2020
Table SIGG Company Profile
Table SIGG Production, Value, Price, Gross Margin 2015-2020
Figure SIGG Production and Growth Rate
Figure SIGG Value ($) Market Share 2015-2020
Table Elite Company Profile
Table Elite Production, Value, Price, Gross Margin 2015-2020
Figure Elite Production and Growth Rate
Figure Elite Value ($) Market Share 2015-2020
Figure North America Market Consumption and Growth Rate Forecast (2020-2025)
Figure Europe Market Consumption and Growth Rate Forecast (2020-2025)
Figure Asia-Pacific Market Consumption and Growth Rate Forecast (2020-2025)
Figure Middle East and Africa Market Consumption and Growth Rate Forecast (2020-2025)
Figure South America Market Consumption and Growth Rate Forecast (2020-2025)
Table Global Vacuum Flask Market Forecast Production by Types (2020-2025)
Table Global Vacuum Flask Market Forecast Production Share by Types (2020-2025)
Table Global Vacuum Flask Market Forecast Value ($) by Types (2020-2025)
Table Global Vacuum Flask Market Forecast Value Share by Types (2020-2025)
Table Global Vacuum Flask Market Forecast Consumption by Applications (2020-2025)
Table Global Vacuum Flask Market Forecast Consumption Share by Applications (2020-2025)