Analyzing Osmotic Power
With the threat of the global climate change looming large over our heads, more and more research has been ongoing into renewable energy. One such upcoming renewable energy is that of osmotic power. There are many unknown facts about this particular source of renewable energy. The mixing of freshwater and saltwater releases a large amount of energy. Harnessing this energy is the entire concept behind osmotic power.
While the technology is relatively new in the energy industry, Statkraft AS is emerging as a leader in this field, having already established its prototype plant in Norway. Using the pressure retarded osmosis (PRO) process, Statkraft has successfully begun the process of taking the technology of osmotic power towards commercialization.
However, the high cost of this technology and the entire setup of the power plant are impediments to the wide-scale use of osmotic power at the moment.
Aruvian’s R’search brings a research report that analyzes the technology of osmotic power in its report Analyzing Osmotic Power.
Beginning the analysis with an understanding of the potential of ocean sources of renewable energy, Analyzing Osmotic Power looks at the potential of osmotic power through an understanding of the salinity gradient power, along with its mechanics and concepts.
The processes involved in osmotic power, namely reverse electrodialysis, pressure retarded osmosis, and vapor compression, are all analyzed in the report, along with an analysis of the potential power produced from the process of osmotic power. The various power plant designs, pros and cons of osmotic power, as well as the power plants using osmosis are all analyzed in-depth in this research report.
The negative impact osmotic power has on the environment is analyzed in section D of the report, followed by a comprehensive analysis of the stages of salt permeability, concentration polarization, reverse osmosis, hybrid OP-RO process, and an energy analysis of the osmotic power process.
A cost analysis of osmotic power is carried out in section I in Financial Aspects of Osmotic Power.
Moving on, section J to L looks upon the overall potential of osmotic power in terms of business potential, commercialization value, as well as the technological potential of the entire process.
Case studies of Statkraft’s osmotic power technology and its prototype plant in Norway serve to complete the overall understanding of this technology, along with giving the reader a comprehensive idea about how Statkraft has commercialized this technology.
The role of osmotic power at Ijmuiden, Netherlands is also analyzed in another case study.
Analysis of three major players in the industry, namely Statkraft AS, Flowserve Corporation and Energy Recovery Inc., completes this report on Osmotic Power. SWOT analysis of Statkraft AS and Flowserve Corporation give the reader and idea of where these companies stand in today’s difficult industry scenarios.
While the technology is relatively new in the energy industry, Statkraft AS is emerging as a leader in this field, having already established its prototype plant in Norway. Using the pressure retarded osmosis (PRO) process, Statkraft has successfully begun the process of taking the technology of osmotic power towards commercialization.
However, the high cost of this technology and the entire setup of the power plant are impediments to the wide-scale use of osmotic power at the moment.
Aruvian’s R’search brings a research report that analyzes the technology of osmotic power in its report Analyzing Osmotic Power.
Beginning the analysis with an understanding of the potential of ocean sources of renewable energy, Analyzing Osmotic Power looks at the potential of osmotic power through an understanding of the salinity gradient power, along with its mechanics and concepts.
The processes involved in osmotic power, namely reverse electrodialysis, pressure retarded osmosis, and vapor compression, are all analyzed in the report, along with an analysis of the potential power produced from the process of osmotic power. The various power plant designs, pros and cons of osmotic power, as well as the power plants using osmosis are all analyzed in-depth in this research report.
The negative impact osmotic power has on the environment is analyzed in section D of the report, followed by a comprehensive analysis of the stages of salt permeability, concentration polarization, reverse osmosis, hybrid OP-RO process, and an energy analysis of the osmotic power process.
A cost analysis of osmotic power is carried out in section I in Financial Aspects of Osmotic Power.
Moving on, section J to L looks upon the overall potential of osmotic power in terms of business potential, commercialization value, as well as the technological potential of the entire process.
Case studies of Statkraft’s osmotic power technology and its prototype plant in Norway serve to complete the overall understanding of this technology, along with giving the reader a comprehensive idea about how Statkraft has commercialized this technology.
The role of osmotic power at Ijmuiden, Netherlands is also analyzed in another case study.
Analysis of three major players in the industry, namely Statkraft AS, Flowserve Corporation and Energy Recovery Inc., completes this report on Osmotic Power. SWOT analysis of Statkraft AS and Flowserve Corporation give the reader and idea of where these companies stand in today’s difficult industry scenarios.
A. EXECUTIVE SUMMARY
B. INTRODUCTION
B.1 Overview
B.2 Ocean Sources of Renewable Energy
B.3 Why Opt for Salinity Gradient Power?
C. WHAT IS OSMOTIC POWER?
C.1 Overview
C.2 History of Osmotic Power
C.3 Understanding the Salinity Gradient Power
C.4 Mechanics & Concepts of Salinity Gradient Power
C.5 Understanding the Osmotic Process: Brief Profile
C.5.1 Reverse Electrodialysis
C.5.2 Pressure Retarded Osmosis
C.5.3 Vapor Compression
C.5.4 Hydrocratic Generator
C.6 Potential Power Production
C.7 Pros and Cons of the Process
C.8 Power Plant Designs
C.8.1 Sea Level PRO Power Plant
C.8.2 Sub-sea PRO Power Plant
C.8.3 PRO Power Plant Below Sea Level
C.8.4 Energy Efficiency of Plant Designs
C.9 Power Plants Using Osmosis
C.9.1 SHEOPP Converter
C.9.2 Underground PRO Plant
C.10 Development Trends
C.11 Future Perspective
D. ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT
E. IN-DEPTH ANALYSIS OF THE OSMOTIC POWER PROCESS
E.1 Process Overview
E.2 Salt Permeability
E.3 Concentration Polarization
F. IN-DEPTH ANALYSIS OF THE REVERSE OSMOSIS PROCESS
G. IN-DEPTH ANALYSIS OF THE PRESSURE RETARDED OSMOSIS PROCESS
G.1 Process Overview
G.2 Using PRO for Power Generation
G.3 Conclusion
H. HYBRID OP-RO PROCESS
I. ENERGY ANALYSIS OF THE OSMOTIC POWER PROCESS
J. FINANCIAL ASPECTS OF OSMOTIC POWER
K. POTENTIAL OF OSMOTIC POWER
L. COMMERCIAL POTENTIAL OF OSMOTIC POWER
M. TECHNOLOGICAL POTENTIAL OF OSMOTIC POWER
N. CASE STUDY: STATKRAFT’S OSMOTIC POWER TECHNOLOGY
N.1 Overview
N.2 System Analysis
N.3 Development of the Membrane
N.4 Consideration for the Environment
N.5 Energy Potential
N.6 Investment in the System and Future Price Analysis
N.7 Feasibility in terms of Technology, Commercialization & Environment
N.7.1 Technological Feasibility
N.7.2 Commercial Feasibility
N.7.3 Environmental Feasibility
N.8 Conclusion
O. CASE STUDY: WORLD’S FIRST OSMOTIC POWER PLANT IN NORWAY’S
P. CASE STUDY: PRODUCING ENERGY FROM SALINITY GRADIENTS AT IJMUIDEN, NETHERLANDS
P.1 Introduction
P.2 System Profile
P.3 Computational Model Utilized
P.3.1 Estuarine Level
P.3.2 Module Level
P.4 Results of the Study
P.5 Conclusion
Q. ANALYSIS OF STATKRAFT AS
Q.1 Corporate Profile
Q.2 History of the Company
Q.3 Key Employees
Q.4 Business Segment Analysis
Q.5 Major Products & Services
Q.6 Financial Analysis
Q.7 SWOT Analysis
Q.7.1 Strengths to Build Upon
Q.7.2 Weaknesses to Overcome
Q.7.3 Opportunities to Exploit
Q.7.4 Threats to Overcome
Q.8 Future Perspective
R. ANALYSIS OF FLOWSERVE CORPORATION
R.1 Corporate Profile
R.2 History of the Company
R.3 Key Employees
R.4 Business Segment Analysis
R.5 Major Products & Services
R.6 Financial Analysis
R.7 SWOT Analysis
R.7.1 Strengths to Build Upon
R.7.2 Weaknesses to Overcome
R.7.3 Opportunities to Exploit
R.7.4 Threats to Overcome
R.8 Future Perspective
S. ANALYSIS OF ENERGY RECOVERY, INC.
S.1 Corporate Profile
S.2 History of the Company
S.3 Key Employees
S.4 Business Segment Analysis
S.5 Major Products & Services
S.6 Financial Analysis
S.7 Future Perspective
T. APPENDIX
U. GLOSSARY OF TERMS
B. INTRODUCTION
B.1 Overview
B.2 Ocean Sources of Renewable Energy
B.3 Why Opt for Salinity Gradient Power?
C. WHAT IS OSMOTIC POWER?
C.1 Overview
C.2 History of Osmotic Power
C.3 Understanding the Salinity Gradient Power
C.4 Mechanics & Concepts of Salinity Gradient Power
C.5 Understanding the Osmotic Process: Brief Profile
C.5.1 Reverse Electrodialysis
C.5.2 Pressure Retarded Osmosis
C.5.3 Vapor Compression
C.5.4 Hydrocratic Generator
C.6 Potential Power Production
C.7 Pros and Cons of the Process
C.8 Power Plant Designs
C.8.1 Sea Level PRO Power Plant
C.8.2 Sub-sea PRO Power Plant
C.8.3 PRO Power Plant Below Sea Level
C.8.4 Energy Efficiency of Plant Designs
C.9 Power Plants Using Osmosis
C.9.1 SHEOPP Converter
C.9.2 Underground PRO Plant
C.10 Development Trends
C.11 Future Perspective
D. ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT
E. IN-DEPTH ANALYSIS OF THE OSMOTIC POWER PROCESS
E.1 Process Overview
E.2 Salt Permeability
E.3 Concentration Polarization
F. IN-DEPTH ANALYSIS OF THE REVERSE OSMOSIS PROCESS
G. IN-DEPTH ANALYSIS OF THE PRESSURE RETARDED OSMOSIS PROCESS
G.1 Process Overview
G.2 Using PRO for Power Generation
G.3 Conclusion
H. HYBRID OP-RO PROCESS
I. ENERGY ANALYSIS OF THE OSMOTIC POWER PROCESS
J. FINANCIAL ASPECTS OF OSMOTIC POWER
K. POTENTIAL OF OSMOTIC POWER
L. COMMERCIAL POTENTIAL OF OSMOTIC POWER
M. TECHNOLOGICAL POTENTIAL OF OSMOTIC POWER
N. CASE STUDY: STATKRAFT’S OSMOTIC POWER TECHNOLOGY
N.1 Overview
N.2 System Analysis
N.3 Development of the Membrane
N.4 Consideration for the Environment
N.5 Energy Potential
N.6 Investment in the System and Future Price Analysis
N.7 Feasibility in terms of Technology, Commercialization & Environment
N.7.1 Technological Feasibility
N.7.2 Commercial Feasibility
N.7.3 Environmental Feasibility
N.8 Conclusion
O. CASE STUDY: WORLD’S FIRST OSMOTIC POWER PLANT IN NORWAY’S
P. CASE STUDY: PRODUCING ENERGY FROM SALINITY GRADIENTS AT IJMUIDEN, NETHERLANDS
P.1 Introduction
P.2 System Profile
P.3 Computational Model Utilized
P.3.1 Estuarine Level
P.3.2 Module Level
P.4 Results of the Study
P.5 Conclusion
Q. ANALYSIS OF STATKRAFT AS
Q.1 Corporate Profile
Q.2 History of the Company
Q.3 Key Employees
Q.4 Business Segment Analysis
Q.5 Major Products & Services
Q.6 Financial Analysis
Q.7 SWOT Analysis
Q.7.1 Strengths to Build Upon
Q.7.2 Weaknesses to Overcome
Q.7.3 Opportunities to Exploit
Q.7.4 Threats to Overcome
Q.8 Future Perspective
R. ANALYSIS OF FLOWSERVE CORPORATION
R.1 Corporate Profile
R.2 History of the Company
R.3 Key Employees
R.4 Business Segment Analysis
R.5 Major Products & Services
R.6 Financial Analysis
R.7 SWOT Analysis
R.7.1 Strengths to Build Upon
R.7.2 Weaknesses to Overcome
R.7.3 Opportunities to Exploit
R.7.4 Threats to Overcome
R.8 Future Perspective
S. ANALYSIS OF ENERGY RECOVERY, INC.
S.1 Corporate Profile
S.2 History of the Company
S.3 Key Employees
S.4 Business Segment Analysis
S.5 Major Products & Services
S.6 Financial Analysis
S.7 Future Perspective
T. APPENDIX
U. GLOSSARY OF TERMS
