United States Retroreflective Sheeting Market Report 2017

October 2017 | 107 pages | ID: U2B563BAEA7EN
QYResearch

Abstracts

In this report, the United States Retroreflective Sheeting market is valued at USD XX million in 2016 and is expected to reach USD XX million by the end of 2022, growing at a CAGR of XX% between 2016 and 2022.

Geographically, this report splits the United States market into seven regions:

• The West
• Southwest
• The Middle Atlantic
• New England
• The South
• The Midwest
• with sales (volume), revenue (value), market share and growth rate of Retroreflective Sheeting in these regions, from 2012 to 2022 (forecast).

United States Retroreflective Sheeting market competition by top manufacturers/players, with Retroreflective Sheeting sales volume, price, revenue (Million USD) and market share for each manufacturer/player; the top players including

• 3M
• Avery Dennison
• Nippon Carbide Industry
• ATSM
• ORAFOL
• Jisung Corporation
• Reflomax
• KIWA Chemical Industries
• Viz Reflectives
• Daoming Optics & Chemicals
• Changzhou Hua R Sheng Reflective Material
• Changzhou Huawei
• YSL reflective material
• Zhejiang Caiyuan Reflecting Material
• Huangshan Xingwei Reflectorized Materials
• Hefei Bright Reflective Material
• Hefei Bright Reflective Material
• Hefei Every Traffic Safety Materials
• Lianxing Reflective Material

On the basis of product, this report displays the production, revenue, price, market share and growth rate of each type, primarily split into

• Glass Bead Type
• Micro Prismatic Type

On the basis on the end users/applications, this report focuses on the status and outlook for major applications/end users, sales volume, market share and growth rate of Retroreflective Sheeting for each application, including

• Road Signs
• Vehicles
• Other

If you have any special requirements, please let us know and we will offer you the report as you want.

Contents

United States Retroreflective Sheeting Market Report 2017

1 RETROREFLECTIVE SHEETING OVERVIEW

1.1 Product Overview and Scope of Retroreflective Sheeting
1.2 Classification of Retroreflective Sheeting by Product Category
  1.2.1 United States Retroreflective Sheeting Market Size (Sales Volume) Comparison by Type (2012-2022)
  1.2.2 United States Retroreflective Sheeting Market Size (Sales Volume) Market Share by Type (Product Category) in 2016
  1.2.3 Glass Bead Type
  1.2.4 Micro Prismatic Type
1.3 United States Retroreflective Sheeting Market by Application/End Users
  1.3.1 United States Retroreflective Sheeting Market Size (Consumption) and Market Share Comparison by Application (2012-2022)
  1.3.2 Road Signs
  1.3.3 Vehicles
  1.3.4 Other
1.4 United States Retroreflective Sheeting Market by Region
  1.4.1 United States Retroreflective Sheeting Market Size (Value) Comparison by Region (2012-2022)
  1.4.2 The West Retroreflective Sheeting Status and Prospect (2012-2022)
  1.4.3 Southwest Retroreflective Sheeting Status and Prospect (2012-2022)
  1.4.4 The Middle Atlantic Retroreflective Sheeting Status and Prospect (2012-2022)
  1.4.5 New England Retroreflective Sheeting Status and Prospect (2012-2022)
  1.4.6 The South Retroreflective Sheeting Status and Prospect (2012-2022)
  1.4.7 The Midwest Retroreflective Sheeting Status and Prospect (2012-2022)
1.5 United States Market Size (Value and Volume) of Retroreflective Sheeting (2012-2022)
  1.5.1 United States Retroreflective Sheeting Sales and Growth Rate (2012-2022)
  1.5.2 United States Retroreflective Sheeting Revenue and Growth Rate (2012-2022)

2 UNITED STATES RETROREFLECTIVE SHEETING MARKET COMPETITION BY PLAYERS/SUPPLIERS

2.1 United States Retroreflective Sheeting Sales and Market Share of Key Players/Suppliers (2012-2017)
2.2 United States Retroreflective Sheeting Revenue and Share by Players/Suppliers (2012-2017)
2.3 United States Retroreflective Sheeting Average Price by Players/Suppliers (2012-2017)
2.4 United States Retroreflective Sheeting Market Competitive Situation and Trends
  2.4.1 United States Retroreflective Sheeting Market Concentration Rate
  2.4.2 United States Retroreflective Sheeting Market Share of Top 3 and Top 5 Players/Suppliers
  2.4.3 Mergers & Acquisitions, Expansion in United States Market
2.5 United States Players/Suppliers Retroreflective Sheeting Manufacturing Base Distribution, Sales Area, Product Type

3 UNITED STATES RETROREFLECTIVE SHEETING SALES (VOLUME) AND REVENUE (VALUE) BY REGION (2012-2017)

3.1 United States Retroreflective Sheeting Sales and Market Share by Region (2012-2017)
3.2 United States Retroreflective Sheeting Revenue and Market Share by Region (2012-2017)
3.3 United States Retroreflective Sheeting Price by Region (2012-2017)

4 UNITED STATES RETROREFLECTIVE SHEETING SALES (VOLUME) AND REVENUE (VALUE) BY TYPE (PRODUCT CATEGORY) (2012-2017)

4.1 United States Retroreflective Sheeting Sales and Market Share by Type (Product Category) (2012-2017)
4.2 United States Retroreflective Sheeting Revenue and Market Share by Type (2012-2017)
4.3 United States Retroreflective Sheeting Price by Type (2012-2017)
4.4 United States Retroreflective Sheeting Sales Growth Rate by Type (2012-2017)

5 UNITED STATES RETROREFLECTIVE SHEETING SALES (VOLUME) BY APPLICATION (2012-2017)

5.1 United States Retroreflective Sheeting Sales and Market Share by Application (2012-2017)
5.2 United States Retroreflective Sheeting Sales Growth Rate by Application (2012-2017)
5.3 Market Drivers and Opportunities

6 UNITED STATES RETROREFLECTIVE SHEETING PLAYERS/SUPPLIERS PROFILES AND SALES DATA

6.1 3M
  6.1.1 Company Basic Information, Manufacturing Base and Competitors
  6.1.2 Retroreflective Sheeting Product Category, Application and Specification
    6.1.2.1 Product A
    6.1.2.2 Product B
  6.1.3 3M Retroreflective Sheeting Sales, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2012-2017)
  6.1.4 Main Business/Business Overview
6.2 Avery Dennison
  6.2.2 Retroreflective Sheeting Product Category, Application and Specification
    6.2.2.1 Product A
    6.2.2.2 Product B
  6.2.3 Avery Dennison Retroreflective Sheeting Sales, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2012-2017)
  6.2.4 Main Business/Business Overview
6.3 Nippon Carbide Industry
  6.3.2 Retroreflective Sheeting Product Category, Application and Specification
    6.3.2.1 Product A
    6.3.2.2 Product B
  6.3.3 Nippon Carbide Industry Retroreflective Sheeting Sales, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2012-2017)
  6.3.4 Main Business/Business Overview
6.4 ATSM
  6.4.2 Retroreflective Sheeting Product Category, Application and Specification
    6.4.2.1 Product A
    6.4.2.2 Product B
  6.4.3 ATSM Retroreflective Sheeting Sales, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2012-2017)
  6.4.4 Main Business/Business Overview
6.5 ORAFOL
  6.5.2 Retroreflective Sheeting Product Category, Application and Specification
    6.5.2.1 Product A
    6.5.2.2 Product B
  6.5.3 ORAFOL Retroreflective Sheeting Sales, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2012-2017)
  6.5.4 Main Business/Business Overview
6.6 Jisung Corporation
  6.6.2 Retroreflective Sheeting Product Category, Application and Specification
    6.6.2.1 Product A
    6.6.2.2 Product B
  6.6.3 Jisung Corporation Retroreflective Sheeting Sales, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2012-2017)
  6.6.4 Main Business/Business Overview
6.7 Reflomax
  6.7.2 Retroreflective Sheeting Product Category, Application and Specification
    6.7.2.1 Product A
    6.7.2.2 Product B
  6.7.3 Reflomax Retroreflective Sheeting Sales, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2012-2017)
  6.7.4 Main Business/Business Overview
6.8 KIWA Chemical Industries
  6.8.2 Retroreflective Sheeting Product Category, Application and Specification
    6.8.2.1 Product A
    6.8.2.2 Product B
  6.8.3 KIWA Chemical Industries Retroreflective Sheeting Sales, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2012-2017)
  6.8.4 Main Business/Business Overview
6.9 Viz Reflectives
  6.9.2 Retroreflective Sheeting Product Category, Application and Specification
    6.9.2.1 Product A
    6.9.2.2 Product B
  6.9.3 Viz Reflectives Retroreflective Sheeting Sales, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2012-2017)
  6.9.4 Main Business/Business Overview
6.10 Daoming Optics & Chemicals
  6.10.2 Retroreflective Sheeting Product Category, Application and Specification
    6.10.2.1 Product A
    6.10.2.2 Product B
  6.10.3 Daoming Optics & Chemicals Retroreflective Sheeting Sales, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2012-2017)
  6.10.4 Main Business/Business Overview
6.11 Changzhou Hua R Sheng Reflective Material
6.12 Changzhou Huawei
6.13 YSL reflective material
6.14 Zhejiang Caiyuan Reflecting Material
6.15 Huangshan Xingwei Reflectorized Materials
6.16 Hefei Bright Reflective Material
6.17 Hefei Bright Reflective Material
6.18 Hefei Every Traffic Safety Materials
6.19 Lianxing Reflective Material

7 RETROREFLECTIVE SHEETING MANUFACTURING COST ANALYSIS

7.1 Retroreflective Sheeting Key Raw Materials Analysis
  7.1.1 Key Raw Materials
  7.1.2 Price Trend of Key Raw Materials
  7.1.3 Key Suppliers of Raw Materials
  7.1.4 Market Concentration Rate of Raw Materials
7.2 Proportion of Manufacturing Cost Structure
  7.2.1 Raw Materials
  7.2.2 Labor Cost
  7.2.3 Manufacturing Expenses
7.3 Manufacturing Process Analysis of Retroreflective Sheeting

8 INDUSTRIAL CHAIN, SOURCING STRATEGY AND DOWNSTREAM BUYERS

8.1 Retroreflective Sheeting Industrial Chain Analysis
8.2 Upstream Raw Materials Sourcing
8.3 Raw Materials Sources of Retroreflective Sheeting Major Manufacturers in 2016
8.4 Downstream Buyers

9 MARKETING STRATEGY ANALYSIS, DISTRIBUTORS/TRADERS

9.1 Marketing Channel
  9.1.1 Direct Marketing
  9.1.2 Indirect Marketing
  9.1.3 Marketing Channel Development Trend
9.2 Market Positioning
  9.2.1 Pricing Strategy
  9.2.2 Brand Strategy
  9.2.3 Target Client
9.3 Distributors/Traders List

10 MARKET EFFECT FACTORS ANALYSIS

10.1 Technology Progress/Risk
  10.1.1 Substitutes Threat
  10.1.2 Technology Progress in Related Industry
10.2 Consumer Needs/Customer Preference Change
10.3 Economic/Political Environmental Change

11 UNITED STATES RETROREFLECTIVE SHEETING MARKET SIZE (VALUE AND VOLUME) FORECAST (2017-2022)

11.1 United States Retroreflective Sheeting Sales Volume, Revenue Forecast (2017-2022)
11.2 United States Retroreflective Sheeting Sales Volume Forecast by Type (2017-2022)
11.3 United States Retroreflective Sheeting Sales Volume Forecast by Application (2017-2022)
11.4 United States Retroreflective Sheeting Sales Volume Forecast by Region (2017-2022)

12 RESEARCH FINDINGS AND CONCLUSION

13 APPENDIX

13.1 Methodology/Research Approach
  13.1.1 Research Programs/Design
  13.1.2 Market Size Estimation
  13.1.3 Market Breakdown and Data Triangulation
13.2 Data Source
  13.2.1 Secondary Sources
  13.2.2 Primary Sources
13.3 Disclaimer


The report requires updating with new data and is sent in 2-3 business days after order is placed.

List Of Tables

LIST OF TABLES AND FIGURES

Figure Product Picture of Retroreflective Sheeting
Figure United States Retroreflective Sheeting Market Size (K sqm) by Type (2012-2022)
Figure United States Retroreflective Sheeting Sales Volume Market Share by Type (Product Category) in 2016
Figure Glass Bead Type Product Picture
Figure Micro Prismatic Type Product Picture
Figure United States Retroreflective Sheeting Market Size (K sqm) by Application (2012-2022)
Figure United States Sales Market Share of Retroreflective Sheeting by Application in 2016
Figure Road Signs Examples
Table Key Downstream Customer in Road Signs
Figure Vehicles Examples
Table Key Downstream Customer in Vehicles
Figure Other Examples
Table Key Downstream Customer in Other
Figure United States Retroreflective Sheeting Market Size (Million USD) by Region (2012-2022)
Figure The West Retroreflective Sheeting Revenue (Million USD) and Growth Rate (2012-2022)
Figure Southwest Retroreflective Sheeting Revenue (Million USD) and Growth Rate (2012-2022)
Figure The Middle Atlantic Retroreflective Sheeting Revenue (Million USD) and Growth Rate (2012-2022)
Figure New England Retroreflective Sheeting Revenue (Million USD) and Growth Rate (2012-2022)
Figure The South of US Retroreflective Sheeting Revenue (Million USD) and Growth Rate (2012-2022)
Figure The Midwest Retroreflective Sheeting Revenue (Million USD) and Growth Rate (2012-2022)
Figure United States Retroreflective Sheeting Sales (K sqm) and Growth Rate (2012-2022)
Figure United States Retroreflective Sheeting Revenue (Million USD) and Growth Rate (2012-2022)
Figure United States Retroreflective Sheeting Market Major Players Product Sales Volume (K sqm) (2012-2017)
Table United States Retroreflective Sheeting Sales (K sqm) of Key Players/Suppliers (2012-2017)
Table United States Retroreflective Sheeting Sales Share by Players/Suppliers (2012-2017)
Figure 2016 United States Retroreflective Sheeting Sales Share by Players/Suppliers
Figure 2017 United States Retroreflective Sheeting Sales Share by Players/Suppliers
Figure United States Retroreflective Sheeting Market Major Players Product Revenue (Million USD) (2012-2017)
Table United States Retroreflective Sheeting Revenue (Million USD) by Players/Suppliers (2012-2017)
Table United States Retroreflective Sheeting Revenue Share by Players/Suppliers (2012-2017)
Figure 2016 United States Retroreflective Sheeting Revenue Share by Players/Suppliers
Figure 2017 United States Retroreflective Sheeting Revenue Share by Players/Suppliers
Table United States Market Retroreflective Sheeting Average Price (USD/sqm) of Key Players/Suppliers (2012-2017)
Figure United States Market Retroreflective Sheeting Average Price (USD/sqm) of Key Players/Suppliers in 2016
Figure United States Retroreflective Sheeting Market Share of Top 3 Players/Suppliers
Figure United States Retroreflective Sheeting Market Share of Top 5 Players/Suppliers
Table United States Players/Suppliers Retroreflective Sheeting Manufacturing Base Distribution and Sales Area
Table United States Players/Suppliers Retroreflective Sheeting Product Category
Table United States Retroreflective Sheeting Sales (K sqm) by Region (2012-2017)
Table United States Retroreflective Sheeting Sales Share by Region (2012-2017)
Figure United States Retroreflective Sheeting Sales Share by Region (2012-2017)
Figure United States Retroreflective Sheeting Sales Market Share by Region in 2016
Table United States Retroreflective Sheeting Revenue (Million USD) and Market Share by Region (2012-2017)
Table United States Retroreflective Sheeting Revenue Share by Region (2012-2017)
Figure United States Retroreflective Sheeting Revenue Market Share by Region (2012-2017)
Figure United States Retroreflective Sheeting Revenue Market Share by Region in 2016
Table United States Retroreflective Sheeting Price (USD/sqm) by Region (2012-2017)
Table United States Retroreflective Sheeting Sales (K sqm) by Type (2012-2017)
Table United States Retroreflective Sheeting Sales Share by Type (2012-2017)
Figure United States Retroreflective Sheeting Sales Share by Type (2012-2017)
Figure United States Retroreflective Sheeting Sales Market Share by Type in 2016
Table United States Retroreflective Sheeting Revenue (Million USD) and Market Share by Type (2012-2017)
Table United States Retroreflective Sheeting Revenue Share by Type (2012-2017)
Figure Revenue Market Share of Retroreflective Sheeting by Type (2012-2017)
Figure Revenue Market Share of Retroreflective Sheeting by Type in 2016
Table United States Retroreflective Sheeting Price (USD/sqm) by Types (2012-2017)
Figure United States Retroreflective Sheeting Sales Growth Rate by Type (2012-2017)
Table United States Retroreflective Sheeting Sales (K sqm) by Application (2012-2017)
Table United States Retroreflective Sheeting Sales Market Share by Application (2012-2017)
Figure United States Retroreflective Sheeting Sales Market Share by Application (2012-2017)
Figure United States Retroreflective Sheeting Sales Market Share by Application in 2016
Table United States Retroreflective Sheeting Sales Growth Rate by Application (2012-2017)
Figure United States Retroreflective Sheeting Sales Growth Rate by Application (2012-2017)
Table 3M Basic Information List
Table 3M Retroreflective Sheeting Sales (K sqm), Revenue (Million USD), Price (USD/sqm) and Gross Margin (2012-2017)
Figure 3M Retroreflective Sheeting Sales Growth Rate (2012-2017)
Figure 3M Retroreflective Sheeting Sales Market Share in United States (2012-2017)
Figure 3M Retroreflective Sheeting Revenue Market Share in United States (2012-2017)
Table Avery Dennison Basic Information List
Table Avery Dennison Retroreflective Sheeting Sales (K sqm), Revenue (Million USD), Price (USD/sqm) and Gross Margin (2012-2017)
Figure Avery Dennison Retroreflective Sheeting Sales Growth Rate (2012-2017)
Figure Avery Dennison Retroreflective Sheeting Sales Market Share in United States (2012-2017)
Figure Avery Dennison Retroreflective Sheeting Revenue Market Share in United States (2012-2017)
Table Nippon Carbide Industry Basic Information List
Table Nippon Carbide Industry Retroreflective Sheeting Sales (K sqm), Revenue (Million USD), Price (USD/sqm) and Gross Margin (2012-2017)
Figure Nippon Carbide Industry Retroreflective Sheeting Sales Growth Rate (2012-2017)
Figure Nippon Carbide Industry Retroreflective Sheeting Sales Market Share in United States (2012-2017)
Figure Nippon Carbide Industry Retroreflective Sheeting Revenue Market Share in United States (2012-2017)
Table ATSM Basic Information List
Table ATSM Retroreflective Sheeting Sales (K sqm), Revenue (Million USD), Price (USD/sqm) and Gross Margin (2012-2017)
Figure ATSM Retroreflective Sheeting Sales Growth Rate (2012-2017)
Figure ATSM Retroreflective Sheeting Sales Market Share in United States (2012-2017)
Figure ATSM Retroreflective Sheeting Revenue Market Share in United States (2012-2017)
Table ORAFOL Basic Information List
Table ORAFOL Retroreflective Sheeting Sales (K sqm), Revenue (Million USD), Price (USD/sqm) and Gross Margin (2012-2017)
Figure ORAFOL Retroreflective Sheeting Sales Growth Rate (2012-2017)
Figure ORAFOL Retroreflective Sheeting Sales Market Share in United States (2012-2017)
Figure ORAFOL Retroreflective Sheeting Revenue Market Share in United States (2012-2017)
Table Jisung Corporation Basic Information List
Table Jisung Corporation Retroreflective Sheeting Sales (K sqm), Revenue (Million USD), Price (USD/sqm) and Gross Margin (2012-2017)
Figure Jisung Corporation Retroreflective Sheeting Sales Growth Rate (2012-2017)
Figure Jisung Corporation Retroreflective Sheeting Sales Market Share in United States (2012-2017)
Figure Jisung Corporation Retroreflective Sheeting Revenue Market Share in United States (2012-2017)
Table Reflomax Basic Information List
Table Reflomax Retroreflective Sheeting Sales (K sqm), Revenue (Million USD), Price (USD/sqm) and Gross Margin (2012-2017)
Figure Reflomax Retroreflective Sheeting Sales Growth Rate (2012-2017)
Figure Reflomax Retroreflective Sheeting Sales Market Share in United States (2012-2017)
Figure Reflomax Retroreflective Sheeting Revenue Market Share in United States (2012-2017)
Table KIWA Chemical Industries Basic Information List
Table KIWA Chemical Industries Retroreflective Sheeting Sales (K sqm), Revenue (Million USD), Price (USD/sqm) and Gross Margin (2012-2017)
Figure KIWA Chemical Industries Retroreflective Sheeting Sales Growth Rate (2012-2017)
Figure KIWA Chemical Industries Retroreflective Sheeting Sales Market Share in United States (2012-2017)
Figure KIWA Chemical Industries Retroreflective Sheeting Revenue Market Share in United States (2012-2017)
Table Viz Reflectives Basic Information List
Table Viz Reflectives Retroreflective Sheeting Sales (K sqm), Revenue (Million USD), Price (USD/sqm) and Gross Margin (2012-2017)
Figure Viz Reflectives Retroreflective Sheeting Sales Growth Rate (2012-2017)
Figure Viz Reflectives Retroreflective Sheeting Sales Market Share in United States (2012-2017)
Figure Viz Reflectives Retroreflective Sheeting Revenue Market Share in United States (2012-2017)
Table Daoming Optics & Chemicals Basic Information List
Table Daoming Optics & Chemicals Retroreflective Sheeting Sales (K sqm), Revenue (Million USD), Price (USD/sqm) and Gross Margin (2012-2017)
Figure Daoming Optics & Chemicals Retroreflective Sheeting Sales Growth Rate (2012-2017)
Figure Daoming Optics & Chemicals Retroreflective Sheeting Sales Market Share in United States (2012-2017)
Figure Daoming Optics & Chemicals Retroreflective Sheeting Revenue Market Share in United States (2012-2017)
Table Changzhou Hua R Sheng Reflective Material Basic Information List
Table Changzhou Huawei Basic Information List
Table YSL reflective material Basic Information List
Table Zhejiang Caiyuan Reflecting Material Basic Information List
Table Huangshan Xingwei Reflectorized Materials Basic Information List
Table Hefei Bright Reflective Material Basic Information List
Table Hefei Bright Reflective Material Basic Information List
Table Hefei Every Traffic Safety Materials Basic Information List
Table Lianxing Reflective Material Basic Information List
Table Production Base and Market Concentration Rate of Raw Material
Figure Price Trend of Key Raw Materials
Table Key Suppliers of Raw Materials
Figure Manufacturing Cost Structure of Retroreflective Sheeting
Figure Manufacturing Process Analysis of Retroreflective Sheeting
Figure Retroreflective Sheeting Industrial Chain Analysis
Table Raw Materials Sources of Retroreflective Sheeting Major Players/Suppliers in 2016
Table Major Buyers of Retroreflective Sheeting
Table Distributors/Traders List
Figure United States Retroreflective Sheeting Sales Volume (K sqm) and Growth Rate Forecast (2017-2022)
Figure United States Retroreflective Sheeting Revenue (Million USD) and Growth Rate Forecast (2017-2022)
Figure United States Retroreflective Sheeting Price (USD/sqm) Trend Forecast (2017-2022)
Table United States Retroreflective Sheeting Sales Volume (K sqm) Forecast by Type (2017-2022)
Figure United States Retroreflective Sheeting Sales Volume (K sqm) Forecast by Type (2017-2022)
Figure United States Retroreflective Sheeting Sales Volume (K sqm) Forecast by Type in 2022
Table United States Retroreflective Sheeting Sales Volume (K sqm) Forecast by Application (2017-2022)
Figure United States Retroreflective Sheeting Sales Volume (K sqm) Forecast by Application (2017-2022)
Figure United States Retroreflective Sheeting Sales Volume (K sqm) Forecast by Application in 2022
Table United States Retroreflective Sheeting Sales Volume (K sqm) Forecast by Region (2017-2022)
Table United States Retroreflective Sheeting Sales Volume Share Forecast by Region (2017-2022)
Figure United States Retroreflective Sheeting Sales Volume Share Forecast by Region (2017-2022)
Figure United States Retroreflective Sheeting Sales Volume Share Forecast by Region in 2022
Table Research Programs/Design for This Report
Figure Bottom-up and Top-down Approaches for This Report
Figure Data Triangulation
Table Key Data Information from Secondary Sources
Table Key Data Information from Primary Sources