2015-2027 Global ERW Steel Pipes and Tubes Industry Market Research Report, Segment by Player, Type, Application, Marketing Channel, and Region
The worldwide market for ERW Steel Pipes and Tubes is estimated to grow at a CAGR of roughly X.X% in the next 8 years, and will reach X.X million US$ in 2027, from X.X million US$ in 2020.
The report covers market size status and forecast, value chain analysis, market segmentation of Top countries in Major Regions, such as North America, Europe, Asia-Pacific, Latin America and Middle East & Africa, by type, application and marketing channel. In addition, the report focuses on the driving factors, restraints, opportunities and PEST analysis of major regions.
Major Companies Covered
Tenaris S.A.
TMK IPSCO
Techint Group SpA
United States Steel Corporation
Choo Bee Metal Industries Berhad
PAO TMK
ArcelorMittal SA
Wheatland Tube Company
Welspun Corp Ltd.
Al Jazeera Steel Products Company SAOG
Nippon Steel & Sumitomo Metal Corporation
TenarisSiderca
PT Bakrie Pipe Industries
Salzgitter Mannesmann Line Pipe GmbH
JFE Steel Corporation
Surya Roshni Ltd.
APL Apollo Tubes Limited
EVRAZ North America
ChelPipe
Tata Steel Europe
Maharashtra Seamless Limited
Arabian Pipes Company
Ternium S.A.
United Metallurgical Company /OMK
Major Types Covered
Large Diameter-Above 6 Inch Dia
Small Diameter-Below 6 Inch Dia
Major Applications Covered
Oil & gas
Chemicals & Petrochemicals
Automotive & transportation
Mechanical engineering
Power plant
Construction
Other
Top Countries Data Covered in This Report
United States
Canada
Germany
UK
France
Italy
Spain
Russia
Netherlands
Turkey
Switzerland
Sweden
Poland
Belgium
China
Japan
South Korea
Australia
India
Taiwan
Indonesia
Thailand
Philippines
Malaysia
Brazil
Mexico
Argentina
Columbia
Chile
Saudi Arabia
UAE
Egypt
Nigeria
South Africa
Years considered for this report:
Historical Years: 2015-2019
Base Year: 2019
Estimated Year: 2020
Forecast Period: 2020-2027
The report covers market size status and forecast, value chain analysis, market segmentation of Top countries in Major Regions, such as North America, Europe, Asia-Pacific, Latin America and Middle East & Africa, by type, application and marketing channel. In addition, the report focuses on the driving factors, restraints, opportunities and PEST analysis of major regions.
Major Companies Covered
Tenaris S.A.
TMK IPSCO
Techint Group SpA
United States Steel Corporation
Choo Bee Metal Industries Berhad
PAO TMK
ArcelorMittal SA
Wheatland Tube Company
Welspun Corp Ltd.
Al Jazeera Steel Products Company SAOG
Nippon Steel & Sumitomo Metal Corporation
TenarisSiderca
PT Bakrie Pipe Industries
Salzgitter Mannesmann Line Pipe GmbH
JFE Steel Corporation
Surya Roshni Ltd.
APL Apollo Tubes Limited
EVRAZ North America
ChelPipe
Tata Steel Europe
Maharashtra Seamless Limited
Arabian Pipes Company
Ternium S.A.
United Metallurgical Company /OMK
Major Types Covered
Large Diameter-Above 6 Inch Dia
Small Diameter-Below 6 Inch Dia
Major Applications Covered
Oil & gas
Chemicals & Petrochemicals
Automotive & transportation
Mechanical engineering
Power plant
Construction
Other
Top Countries Data Covered in This Report
United States
Canada
Germany
UK
France
Italy
Spain
Russia
Netherlands
Turkey
Switzerland
Sweden
Poland
Belgium
China
Japan
South Korea
Australia
India
Taiwan
Indonesia
Thailand
Philippines
Malaysia
Brazil
Mexico
Argentina
Columbia
Chile
Saudi Arabia
UAE
Egypt
Nigeria
South Africa
Years considered for this report:
Historical Years: 2015-2019
Base Year: 2019
Estimated Year: 2020
Forecast Period: 2020-2027
1 INTRODUCTION
1.1 Objective of the Study
1.2 Definition of the Market
1.3 Market Scope
1.3.1 Market Segment by Type, Application and Marketing Channel
1.3.2 Major Regions Covered (North America, Europe, Asia Pacific, Mid East & Africa)
1.4 Years Considered for the Study (2015-2027)
1.5 Currency Considered (U.S. Dollar)
1.6 Stakeholders
2 KEY FINDINGS OF THE STUDY
3 MARKET DYNAMICS
3.1 Driving Factors for this Market
3.2 Factors Challenging the Market
3.3 Opportunities of the Global ERW Steel Pipes and Tubes Market (Regions, Growing/Emerging Downstream Market Analysis)
3.4 Technological and Market Developments in the ERW Steel Pipes and Tubes Market
3.5 Industry News by Region
3.6 Regulatory Scenario by Region/Country
3.7 Market Investment Scenario Strategic Recommendations Analysis
4 VALUE CHAIN OF THE ERW STEEL PIPES AND TUBES MARKET
4.1 Value Chain Status
4.2 Upstream Raw Material Analysis
4.3 Midstream Major Company Analysis (by Manufacturing Base, by Product Type)
4.4 Distributors/Traders
4.5 Downstream Major Customer Analysis (by Region)
5 GLOBAL ERW STEEL PIPES AND TUBES MARKET-SEGMENTATION BY TYPE
5.1 Large Diameter-Above 6 Inch Dia
5.2 Small Diameter-Below 6 Inch Dia
6 GLOBAL ERW STEEL PIPES AND TUBES MARKET-SEGMENTATION BY APPLICATION
6.1 Oil & gas
6.2 Chemicals & Petrochemicals
6.3 Automotive & transportation
6.4 Mechanical engineering
6.5 Power plant
6.6 Construction
6.7 Other
7 GLOBAL ERW STEEL PIPES AND TUBES MARKET-SEGMENTATION BY MARKETING CHANNEL
7.1 Traditional Marketing Channel (Offline)
7.2 Online Channel
8 COMPETITIVE INTELLIGENCE – COMPANY PROFILES
8.1 Tenaris S.A.
8.1.1 Tenaris S.A. Profile
8.1.2 Tenaris S.A. Sales, Growth Rate and Global Market Share from 2015-2020
8.1.3 Tenaris S.A. Product/Solution Launches and Enhancements Analysis
8.1.4 Tenaris S.A. Business Overview/Recent Development/Acquisitions
8.2 TMK IPSCO
8.2.1 TMK IPSCO Profile
8.2.2 TMK IPSCO Sales, Growth Rate and Global Market Share from 2015-2020
8.2.3 TMK IPSCO Product/Solution Launches and Enhancements Analysis
8.2.4 TMK IPSCO Business Overview/Recent Development/Acquisitions
8.3 Techint Group SpA
8.3.1 Techint Group SpA Profile
8.3.2 Techint Group SpA Sales, Growth Rate and Global Market Share from 2015-2020
8.3.3 Techint Group SpA Product/Solution Launches and Enhancements Analysis
8.3.4 Techint Group SpA Business Overview/Recent Development/Acquisitions
8.4 United States Steel Corporation
8.4.1 United States Steel Corporation Profile
8.4.2 United States Steel Corporation Sales, Growth Rate and Global Market Share from 2015-2020
8.4.3 United States Steel Corporation Product/Solution Launches and Enhancements Analysis
8.4.4 United States Steel Corporation Business Overview/Recent Development/Acquisitions
8.5 Choo Bee Metal Industries Berhad
8.5.1 Choo Bee Metal Industries Berhad Profile
8.5.2 Choo Bee Metal Industries Berhad Sales, Growth Rate and Global Market Share from 2015-2020
8.5.3 Choo Bee Metal Industries Berhad Product/Solution Launches and Enhancements Analysis
8.5.4 Choo Bee Metal Industries Berhad Business Overview/Recent Development/Acquisitions
8.6 PAO TMK
8.6.1 PAO TMK Profile
8.6.2 PAO TMK Sales, Growth Rate and Global Market Share from 2015-2020
8.6.3 PAO TMK Product/Solution Launches and Enhancements Analysis
8.6.4 PAO TMK Business Overview/Recent Development/Acquisitions
8.7 ArcelorMittal SA
8.7.1 ArcelorMittal SA Profile
8.7.2 ArcelorMittal SA Sales, Growth Rate and Global Market Share from 2015-2020
8.7.3 ArcelorMittal SA Product/Solution Launches and Enhancements Analysis
8.7.4 ArcelorMittal SA Business Overview/Recent Development/Acquisitions
8.8 Wheatland Tube Company
8.8.1 Wheatland Tube Company Profile
8.8.2 Wheatland Tube Company Sales, Growth Rate and Global Market Share from 2015-2020
8.8.3 Wheatland Tube Company Product/Solution Launches and Enhancements Analysis
8.8.4 Wheatland Tube Company Business Overview/Recent Development/Acquisitions
8.9 Welspun Corp Ltd.
8.9.1 Welspun Corp Ltd. Profile
8.9.2 Welspun Corp Ltd. Sales, Growth Rate and Global Market Share from 2015-2020
8.9.3 Welspun Corp Ltd. Product/Solution Launches and Enhancements Analysis
8.9.4 Welspun Corp Ltd. Business Overview/Recent Development/Acquisitions
8.10 Al Jazeera Steel Products Company SAOG
8.10.1 Al Jazeera Steel Products Company SAOG Profile
8.10.2 Al Jazeera Steel Products Company SAOG Sales, Growth Rate and Global Market Share from 2015-2020
8.10.3 Al Jazeera Steel Products Company SAOG Product/Solution Launches and Enhancements Analysis
8.10.4 Al Jazeera Steel Products Company SAOG Business Overview/Recent Development/Acquisitions
8.11 Nippon Steel & Sumitomo Metal Corporation
8.11.1 Nippon Steel & Sumitomo Metal Corporation Profile
8.11.2 Nippon Steel & Sumitomo Metal Corporation Sales, Growth Rate and Global Market Share from 2015-2020
8.11.3 Nippon Steel & Sumitomo Metal Corporation Product/Solution Launches and Enhancements Analysis
8.11.4 Nippon Steel & Sumitomo Metal Corporation Business Overview/Recent Development/Acquisitions
8.12 TenarisSiderca
8.12.1 TenarisSiderca Profile
8.12.2 TenarisSiderca Sales, Growth Rate and Global Market Share from 2015-2020
8.12.3 TenarisSiderca Product/Solution Launches and Enhancements Analysis
8.12.4 TenarisSiderca Business Overview/Recent Development/Acquisitions
8.13 PT Bakrie Pipe Industries
8.13.1 PT Bakrie Pipe Industries Profile
8.13.2 PT Bakrie Pipe Industries Sales, Growth Rate and Global Market Share from 2015-2020
8.13.3 PT Bakrie Pipe Industries Product/Solution Launches and Enhancements Analysis
8.13.4 PT Bakrie Pipe Industries Business Overview/Recent Development/Acquisitions
8.14 Salzgitter Mannesmann Line Pipe GmbH
8.14.1 Salzgitter Mannesmann Line Pipe GmbH Profile
8.14.2 Salzgitter Mannesmann Line Pipe GmbH Sales, Growth Rate and Global Market Share from 2015-2020
8.14.3 Salzgitter Mannesmann Line Pipe GmbH Product/Solution Launches and Enhancements Analysis
8.14.4 Salzgitter Mannesmann Line Pipe GmbH Business Overview/Recent Development/Acquisitions
8.15 JFE Steel Corporation
8.15.1 JFE Steel Corporation Profile
8.15.2 JFE Steel Corporation Sales, Growth Rate and Global Market Share from 2015-2020
8.15.3 JFE Steel Corporation Product/Solution Launches and Enhancements Analysis
8.15.4 JFE Steel Corporation Business Overview/Recent Development/Acquisitions
8.16 Surya Roshni Ltd.
8.16.1 Surya Roshni Ltd. Profile
8.16.2 Surya Roshni Ltd. Sales, Growth Rate and Global Market Share from 2015-2020
8.16.3 Surya Roshni Ltd. Product/Solution Launches and Enhancements Analysis
8.16.4 Surya Roshni Ltd. Business Overview/Recent Development/Acquisitions
8.17 APL Apollo Tubes Limited
8.17.1 APL Apollo Tubes Limited Profile
8.17.2 APL Apollo Tubes Limited Sales, Growth Rate and Global Market Share from 2015-2020
8.17.3 APL Apollo Tubes Limited Product/Solution Launches and Enhancements Analysis
8.17.4 APL Apollo Tubes Limited Business Overview/Recent Development/Acquisitions
8.18 EVRAZ North America
8.18.1 EVRAZ North America Profile
8.18.2 EVRAZ North America Sales, Growth Rate and Global Market Share from 2015-2020
8.18.3 EVRAZ North America Product/Solution Launches and Enhancements Analysis
8.18.4 EVRAZ North America Business Overview/Recent Development/Acquisitions
8.19 ChelPipe
8.19.1 ChelPipe Profile
8.19.2 ChelPipe Sales, Growth Rate and Global Market Share from 2015-2020
8.19.3 ChelPipe Product/Solution Launches and Enhancements Analysis
8.19.4 ChelPipe Business Overview/Recent Development/Acquisitions
8.20 Tata Steel Europe
8.20.1 Tata Steel Europe Profile
8.20.2 Tata Steel Europe Sales, Growth Rate and Global Market Share from 2015-2020
8.20.3 Tata Steel Europe Product/Solution Launches and Enhancements Analysis
8.20.4 Tata Steel Europe Business Overview/Recent Development/Acquisitions
8.21 Maharashtra Seamless Limited
8.21.1 Maharashtra Seamless Limited Profile
8.21.2 Maharashtra Seamless Limited Sales, Growth Rate and Global Market Share from 2015-2020
8.21.3 Maharashtra Seamless Limited Product/Solution Launches and Enhancements Analysis
8.21.4 Maharashtra Seamless Limited Business Overview/Recent Development/Acquisitions
8.22 Arabian Pipes Company
8.22.1 Arabian Pipes Company Profile
8.22.2 Arabian Pipes Company Sales, Growth Rate and Global Market Share from 2015-2020
8.22.3 Arabian Pipes Company Product/Solution Launches and Enhancements Analysis
8.22.4 Arabian Pipes Company Business Overview/Recent Development/Acquisitions
8.23 Ternium S.A.
8.23.1 Ternium S.A. Profile
8.23.2 Ternium S.A. Sales, Growth Rate and Global Market Share from 2015-2020
8.23.3 Ternium S.A. Product/Solution Launches and Enhancements Analysis
8.23.4 Ternium S.A. Business Overview/Recent Development/Acquisitions
8.24 United Metallurgical Company /OMK
8.24.1 United Metallurgical Company /OMK Profile
8.24.2 United Metallurgical Company /OMK Sales, Growth Rate and Global Market Share from 2015-2020
8.24.3 United Metallurgical Company /OMK Product/Solution Launches and Enhancements Analysis
8.24.4 United Metallurgical Company /OMK Business Overview/Recent Development/Acquisitions
9 GLOBAL ERW STEEL PIPES AND TUBES MARKET-SEGMENTATION BY GEOGRAPHY
10 NORTH AMERICA
10.1 North America ERW Steel Pipes and Tubes Production, Ex-factory Price, Revenue, Gross Margin (%) and Gross Analysis from 2015-2020
10.2 North America ERW Steel Pipes and Tubes Consumption, Terminal Price, Consumption Value and Channel Margin Analysis from 2015-2020
10.3 North America ERW Steel Pipes and Tubes Production Analysis from 2015-2020
10.4 North America ERW Steel Pipes and Tubes Consumption Analysis from 2015-2020
10.5 North America ERW Steel Pipes and Tubes Import and Export from 2015-2020
10.6 North America ERW Steel Pipes and Tubes Value, Production and Market Share by Type (2015-2020)
10.7 North America ERW Steel Pipes and Tubes Consumption, Value and Market Share by Application (2015-2020)
10.8 North America ERW Steel Pipes and Tubes by Country (United States, Canada)
10.8.1 North America ERW Steel Pipes and Tubes Sales by Country (2015-2020)
10.8.2 North America ERW Steel Pipes and Tubes Consumption Value by Country (2015-2020)
10.9 North America ERW Steel Pipes and Tubes Market PEST Analysis
11 EUROPE
11.1 Europe ERW Steel Pipes and Tubes Production, Ex-factory Price, Revenue, Gross Margin (%) and Gross Analysis from 2015-2020
11.2 Europe ERW Steel Pipes and Tubes Consumption, Terminal Price, Consumption Value and Channel Margin Analysis from 2015-2020
11.3 Europe ERW Steel Pipes and Tubes Production Analysis from 2015-2020
11.4 Europe ERW Steel Pipes and Tubes Consumption Analysis from 2015-2020
11.5 Europe ERW Steel Pipes and Tubes Import and Export from 2015-2020
11.6 Europe ERW Steel Pipes and Tubes Value, Production and Market Share by Type (2015-2020)
11.7 Europe ERW Steel Pipes and Tubes Consumption, Value and Market Share by Application (2015-2020)
11.8 Europe ERW Steel Pipes and Tubes by Country (Germany, UK, France, Italy, Spain, Russia, Netherlands, Turkey, Switzerland, Sweden, Poland, Belgium)
11.8.1 Europe ERW Steel Pipes and Tubes Sales by Country (2015-2020)
11.8.2 Europe ERW Steel Pipes and Tubes Consumption Value by Country (2015-2020)
11.9 Europe ERW Steel Pipes and Tubes Market PEST Analysis
12 ASIA-PACIFIC
12.1 Asia-Pacific ERW Steel Pipes and Tubes Production, Ex-factory Price, Revenue, Gross Margin (%) and Gross Analysis from 2015-2020
12.2 Asia-Pacific ERW Steel Pipes and Tubes Consumption, Terminal Price, Consumption Value and Channel Margin Analysis from 2015-2020
12.3 Asia-Pacific ERW Steel Pipes and Tubes Production Analysis from 2015-2020
12.4 Asia-Pacific ERW Steel Pipes and Tubes Consumption Analysis from 2015-2020
12.5 Asia-Pacific ERW Steel Pipes and Tubes Import and Export from 2015-2020
12.6 Asia-Pacific ERW Steel Pipes and Tubes Value, Production and Market Share by Type (2015-2020)
12.7 Asia-Pacific ERW Steel Pipes and Tubes Consumption, Value and Market Share by Application (2015-2020)
12.8 Asia-Pacific ERW Steel Pipes and Tubes by Country (China, Japan, South Korea, Australia, India, Taiwan, Indonesia, Thailand, Philippines, Malaysia)
12.8.1 Asia-Pacific ERW Steel Pipes and Tubes Sales by Country (2015-2020)
12.8.2 Asia-Pacific ERW Steel Pipes and Tubes Consumption Value by Country (2015-2020)
12.9 Asia-Pacific ERW Steel Pipes and Tubes Market PEST Analysis
13 LATIN AMERICA
13.1 Latin America ERW Steel Pipes and Tubes Production, Ex-factory Price, Revenue, Gross Margin (%) and Gross Analysis from 2015-2020
13.2 Latin America ERW Steel Pipes and Tubes Consumption, Terminal Price, Consumption Value and Channel Margin Analysis from 2015-2020
13.3 Latin America ERW Steel Pipes and Tubes Production Analysis from 2015-2020
13.4 Latin America ERW Steel Pipes and Tubes Consumption Analysis from 2015-2020
13.5 Latin America ERW Steel Pipes and Tubes Import and Export from 2015-2020
13.6 Latin America ERW Steel Pipes and Tubes Value, Production and Market Share by Type (2015-2020)
13.7 Latin America ERW Steel Pipes and Tubes Consumption, Value and Market Share by Application (2015-2020)
13.8 Latin America ERW Steel Pipes and Tubes by Country (Brazil, Mexico, Argentina, Columbia, Chile)
13.8.1 Latin America ERW Steel Pipes and Tubes Sales by Country (2015-2020)
13.8.2 Latin America ERW Steel Pipes and Tubes Consumption Value by Country (2015-2020)
13.9 Latin America ERW Steel Pipes and Tubes Market PEST Analysis
14 MIDDLE EAST & AFRICA
14.1 Middle East & Africa ERW Steel Pipes and Tubes Production, Ex-factory Price, Revenue, Gross Margin (%) and Gross Analysis from 2015-2020
14.2 Middle East & Africa ERW Steel Pipes and Tubes Consumption, Terminal Price, Consumption Value and Channel Margin Analysis from 2015-2020
14.3 Middle East & Africa ERW Steel Pipes and Tubes Production Analysis from 2015-2020
14.4 Middle East & Africa ERW Steel Pipes and Tubes Consumption Analysis from 2015-2020
14.5 Middle East & Africa ERW Steel Pipes and Tubes Import and Export from 2015-2020
14.6 Middle East & Africa ERW Steel Pipes and Tubes Value, Production and Market Share by Type (2015-2020)
14.7 Middle East & Africa ERW Steel Pipes and Tubes Consumption, Value and Market Share by Application (2015-2020)
14.8 Middle East & Africa ERW Steel Pipes and Tubes by Country (Saudi Arabia, UAE, Egypt, Nigeria, South Africa)
14.8.1 Middle East & Africa ERW Steel Pipes and Tubes Sales by Country (2015-2020)
14.8.2 Middle East & Africa ERW Steel Pipes and Tubes Consumption Value by Country (2015-2020)
14.9 Middle East & Africa ERW Steel Pipes and Tubes Market PEST Analysis
15 FUTURE FORECAST OF THE GLOBAL ERW STEEL PIPES AND TUBES MARKET FROM 2020-2027
15.1 Future Forecast of the Global ERW Steel Pipes and Tubes Market from 2020-2027 Segment by Region
15.2 Global ERW Steel Pipes and Tubes Production and Growth Rate Forecast by Type (2020-2027)
15.3 Global ERW Steel Pipes and Tubes Consumption and Growth Rate Forecast by Application (2020-2027)
16 APPENDIX
16.1 Methodology
16.2 Research Data Source
1.1 Objective of the Study
1.2 Definition of the Market
1.3 Market Scope
1.3.1 Market Segment by Type, Application and Marketing Channel
1.3.2 Major Regions Covered (North America, Europe, Asia Pacific, Mid East & Africa)
1.4 Years Considered for the Study (2015-2027)
1.5 Currency Considered (U.S. Dollar)
1.6 Stakeholders
2 KEY FINDINGS OF THE STUDY
3 MARKET DYNAMICS
3.1 Driving Factors for this Market
3.2 Factors Challenging the Market
3.3 Opportunities of the Global ERW Steel Pipes and Tubes Market (Regions, Growing/Emerging Downstream Market Analysis)
3.4 Technological and Market Developments in the ERW Steel Pipes and Tubes Market
3.5 Industry News by Region
3.6 Regulatory Scenario by Region/Country
3.7 Market Investment Scenario Strategic Recommendations Analysis
4 VALUE CHAIN OF THE ERW STEEL PIPES AND TUBES MARKET
4.1 Value Chain Status
4.2 Upstream Raw Material Analysis
4.3 Midstream Major Company Analysis (by Manufacturing Base, by Product Type)
4.4 Distributors/Traders
4.5 Downstream Major Customer Analysis (by Region)
5 GLOBAL ERW STEEL PIPES AND TUBES MARKET-SEGMENTATION BY TYPE
5.1 Large Diameter-Above 6 Inch Dia
5.2 Small Diameter-Below 6 Inch Dia
6 GLOBAL ERW STEEL PIPES AND TUBES MARKET-SEGMENTATION BY APPLICATION
6.1 Oil & gas
6.2 Chemicals & Petrochemicals
6.3 Automotive & transportation
6.4 Mechanical engineering
6.5 Power plant
6.6 Construction
6.7 Other
7 GLOBAL ERW STEEL PIPES AND TUBES MARKET-SEGMENTATION BY MARKETING CHANNEL
7.1 Traditional Marketing Channel (Offline)
7.2 Online Channel
8 COMPETITIVE INTELLIGENCE – COMPANY PROFILES
8.1 Tenaris S.A.
8.1.1 Tenaris S.A. Profile
8.1.2 Tenaris S.A. Sales, Growth Rate and Global Market Share from 2015-2020
8.1.3 Tenaris S.A. Product/Solution Launches and Enhancements Analysis
8.1.4 Tenaris S.A. Business Overview/Recent Development/Acquisitions
8.2 TMK IPSCO
8.2.1 TMK IPSCO Profile
8.2.2 TMK IPSCO Sales, Growth Rate and Global Market Share from 2015-2020
8.2.3 TMK IPSCO Product/Solution Launches and Enhancements Analysis
8.2.4 TMK IPSCO Business Overview/Recent Development/Acquisitions
8.3 Techint Group SpA
8.3.1 Techint Group SpA Profile
8.3.2 Techint Group SpA Sales, Growth Rate and Global Market Share from 2015-2020
8.3.3 Techint Group SpA Product/Solution Launches and Enhancements Analysis
8.3.4 Techint Group SpA Business Overview/Recent Development/Acquisitions
8.4 United States Steel Corporation
8.4.1 United States Steel Corporation Profile
8.4.2 United States Steel Corporation Sales, Growth Rate and Global Market Share from 2015-2020
8.4.3 United States Steel Corporation Product/Solution Launches and Enhancements Analysis
8.4.4 United States Steel Corporation Business Overview/Recent Development/Acquisitions
8.5 Choo Bee Metal Industries Berhad
8.5.1 Choo Bee Metal Industries Berhad Profile
8.5.2 Choo Bee Metal Industries Berhad Sales, Growth Rate and Global Market Share from 2015-2020
8.5.3 Choo Bee Metal Industries Berhad Product/Solution Launches and Enhancements Analysis
8.5.4 Choo Bee Metal Industries Berhad Business Overview/Recent Development/Acquisitions
8.6 PAO TMK
8.6.1 PAO TMK Profile
8.6.2 PAO TMK Sales, Growth Rate and Global Market Share from 2015-2020
8.6.3 PAO TMK Product/Solution Launches and Enhancements Analysis
8.6.4 PAO TMK Business Overview/Recent Development/Acquisitions
8.7 ArcelorMittal SA
8.7.1 ArcelorMittal SA Profile
8.7.2 ArcelorMittal SA Sales, Growth Rate and Global Market Share from 2015-2020
8.7.3 ArcelorMittal SA Product/Solution Launches and Enhancements Analysis
8.7.4 ArcelorMittal SA Business Overview/Recent Development/Acquisitions
8.8 Wheatland Tube Company
8.8.1 Wheatland Tube Company Profile
8.8.2 Wheatland Tube Company Sales, Growth Rate and Global Market Share from 2015-2020
8.8.3 Wheatland Tube Company Product/Solution Launches and Enhancements Analysis
8.8.4 Wheatland Tube Company Business Overview/Recent Development/Acquisitions
8.9 Welspun Corp Ltd.
8.9.1 Welspun Corp Ltd. Profile
8.9.2 Welspun Corp Ltd. Sales, Growth Rate and Global Market Share from 2015-2020
8.9.3 Welspun Corp Ltd. Product/Solution Launches and Enhancements Analysis
8.9.4 Welspun Corp Ltd. Business Overview/Recent Development/Acquisitions
8.10 Al Jazeera Steel Products Company SAOG
8.10.1 Al Jazeera Steel Products Company SAOG Profile
8.10.2 Al Jazeera Steel Products Company SAOG Sales, Growth Rate and Global Market Share from 2015-2020
8.10.3 Al Jazeera Steel Products Company SAOG Product/Solution Launches and Enhancements Analysis
8.10.4 Al Jazeera Steel Products Company SAOG Business Overview/Recent Development/Acquisitions
8.11 Nippon Steel & Sumitomo Metal Corporation
8.11.1 Nippon Steel & Sumitomo Metal Corporation Profile
8.11.2 Nippon Steel & Sumitomo Metal Corporation Sales, Growth Rate and Global Market Share from 2015-2020
8.11.3 Nippon Steel & Sumitomo Metal Corporation Product/Solution Launches and Enhancements Analysis
8.11.4 Nippon Steel & Sumitomo Metal Corporation Business Overview/Recent Development/Acquisitions
8.12 TenarisSiderca
8.12.1 TenarisSiderca Profile
8.12.2 TenarisSiderca Sales, Growth Rate and Global Market Share from 2015-2020
8.12.3 TenarisSiderca Product/Solution Launches and Enhancements Analysis
8.12.4 TenarisSiderca Business Overview/Recent Development/Acquisitions
8.13 PT Bakrie Pipe Industries
8.13.1 PT Bakrie Pipe Industries Profile
8.13.2 PT Bakrie Pipe Industries Sales, Growth Rate and Global Market Share from 2015-2020
8.13.3 PT Bakrie Pipe Industries Product/Solution Launches and Enhancements Analysis
8.13.4 PT Bakrie Pipe Industries Business Overview/Recent Development/Acquisitions
8.14 Salzgitter Mannesmann Line Pipe GmbH
8.14.1 Salzgitter Mannesmann Line Pipe GmbH Profile
8.14.2 Salzgitter Mannesmann Line Pipe GmbH Sales, Growth Rate and Global Market Share from 2015-2020
8.14.3 Salzgitter Mannesmann Line Pipe GmbH Product/Solution Launches and Enhancements Analysis
8.14.4 Salzgitter Mannesmann Line Pipe GmbH Business Overview/Recent Development/Acquisitions
8.15 JFE Steel Corporation
8.15.1 JFE Steel Corporation Profile
8.15.2 JFE Steel Corporation Sales, Growth Rate and Global Market Share from 2015-2020
8.15.3 JFE Steel Corporation Product/Solution Launches and Enhancements Analysis
8.15.4 JFE Steel Corporation Business Overview/Recent Development/Acquisitions
8.16 Surya Roshni Ltd.
8.16.1 Surya Roshni Ltd. Profile
8.16.2 Surya Roshni Ltd. Sales, Growth Rate and Global Market Share from 2015-2020
8.16.3 Surya Roshni Ltd. Product/Solution Launches and Enhancements Analysis
8.16.4 Surya Roshni Ltd. Business Overview/Recent Development/Acquisitions
8.17 APL Apollo Tubes Limited
8.17.1 APL Apollo Tubes Limited Profile
8.17.2 APL Apollo Tubes Limited Sales, Growth Rate and Global Market Share from 2015-2020
8.17.3 APL Apollo Tubes Limited Product/Solution Launches and Enhancements Analysis
8.17.4 APL Apollo Tubes Limited Business Overview/Recent Development/Acquisitions
8.18 EVRAZ North America
8.18.1 EVRAZ North America Profile
8.18.2 EVRAZ North America Sales, Growth Rate and Global Market Share from 2015-2020
8.18.3 EVRAZ North America Product/Solution Launches and Enhancements Analysis
8.18.4 EVRAZ North America Business Overview/Recent Development/Acquisitions
8.19 ChelPipe
8.19.1 ChelPipe Profile
8.19.2 ChelPipe Sales, Growth Rate and Global Market Share from 2015-2020
8.19.3 ChelPipe Product/Solution Launches and Enhancements Analysis
8.19.4 ChelPipe Business Overview/Recent Development/Acquisitions
8.20 Tata Steel Europe
8.20.1 Tata Steel Europe Profile
8.20.2 Tata Steel Europe Sales, Growth Rate and Global Market Share from 2015-2020
8.20.3 Tata Steel Europe Product/Solution Launches and Enhancements Analysis
8.20.4 Tata Steel Europe Business Overview/Recent Development/Acquisitions
8.21 Maharashtra Seamless Limited
8.21.1 Maharashtra Seamless Limited Profile
8.21.2 Maharashtra Seamless Limited Sales, Growth Rate and Global Market Share from 2015-2020
8.21.3 Maharashtra Seamless Limited Product/Solution Launches and Enhancements Analysis
8.21.4 Maharashtra Seamless Limited Business Overview/Recent Development/Acquisitions
8.22 Arabian Pipes Company
8.22.1 Arabian Pipes Company Profile
8.22.2 Arabian Pipes Company Sales, Growth Rate and Global Market Share from 2015-2020
8.22.3 Arabian Pipes Company Product/Solution Launches and Enhancements Analysis
8.22.4 Arabian Pipes Company Business Overview/Recent Development/Acquisitions
8.23 Ternium S.A.
8.23.1 Ternium S.A. Profile
8.23.2 Ternium S.A. Sales, Growth Rate and Global Market Share from 2015-2020
8.23.3 Ternium S.A. Product/Solution Launches and Enhancements Analysis
8.23.4 Ternium S.A. Business Overview/Recent Development/Acquisitions
8.24 United Metallurgical Company /OMK
8.24.1 United Metallurgical Company /OMK Profile
8.24.2 United Metallurgical Company /OMK Sales, Growth Rate and Global Market Share from 2015-2020
8.24.3 United Metallurgical Company /OMK Product/Solution Launches and Enhancements Analysis
8.24.4 United Metallurgical Company /OMK Business Overview/Recent Development/Acquisitions
9 GLOBAL ERW STEEL PIPES AND TUBES MARKET-SEGMENTATION BY GEOGRAPHY
10 NORTH AMERICA
10.1 North America ERW Steel Pipes and Tubes Production, Ex-factory Price, Revenue, Gross Margin (%) and Gross Analysis from 2015-2020
10.2 North America ERW Steel Pipes and Tubes Consumption, Terminal Price, Consumption Value and Channel Margin Analysis from 2015-2020
10.3 North America ERW Steel Pipes and Tubes Production Analysis from 2015-2020
10.4 North America ERW Steel Pipes and Tubes Consumption Analysis from 2015-2020
10.5 North America ERW Steel Pipes and Tubes Import and Export from 2015-2020
10.6 North America ERW Steel Pipes and Tubes Value, Production and Market Share by Type (2015-2020)
10.7 North America ERW Steel Pipes and Tubes Consumption, Value and Market Share by Application (2015-2020)
10.8 North America ERW Steel Pipes and Tubes by Country (United States, Canada)
10.8.1 North America ERW Steel Pipes and Tubes Sales by Country (2015-2020)
10.8.2 North America ERW Steel Pipes and Tubes Consumption Value by Country (2015-2020)
10.9 North America ERW Steel Pipes and Tubes Market PEST Analysis
11 EUROPE
11.1 Europe ERW Steel Pipes and Tubes Production, Ex-factory Price, Revenue, Gross Margin (%) and Gross Analysis from 2015-2020
11.2 Europe ERW Steel Pipes and Tubes Consumption, Terminal Price, Consumption Value and Channel Margin Analysis from 2015-2020
11.3 Europe ERW Steel Pipes and Tubes Production Analysis from 2015-2020
11.4 Europe ERW Steel Pipes and Tubes Consumption Analysis from 2015-2020
11.5 Europe ERW Steel Pipes and Tubes Import and Export from 2015-2020
11.6 Europe ERW Steel Pipes and Tubes Value, Production and Market Share by Type (2015-2020)
11.7 Europe ERW Steel Pipes and Tubes Consumption, Value and Market Share by Application (2015-2020)
11.8 Europe ERW Steel Pipes and Tubes by Country (Germany, UK, France, Italy, Spain, Russia, Netherlands, Turkey, Switzerland, Sweden, Poland, Belgium)
11.8.1 Europe ERW Steel Pipes and Tubes Sales by Country (2015-2020)
11.8.2 Europe ERW Steel Pipes and Tubes Consumption Value by Country (2015-2020)
11.9 Europe ERW Steel Pipes and Tubes Market PEST Analysis
12 ASIA-PACIFIC
12.1 Asia-Pacific ERW Steel Pipes and Tubes Production, Ex-factory Price, Revenue, Gross Margin (%) and Gross Analysis from 2015-2020
12.2 Asia-Pacific ERW Steel Pipes and Tubes Consumption, Terminal Price, Consumption Value and Channel Margin Analysis from 2015-2020
12.3 Asia-Pacific ERW Steel Pipes and Tubes Production Analysis from 2015-2020
12.4 Asia-Pacific ERW Steel Pipes and Tubes Consumption Analysis from 2015-2020
12.5 Asia-Pacific ERW Steel Pipes and Tubes Import and Export from 2015-2020
12.6 Asia-Pacific ERW Steel Pipes and Tubes Value, Production and Market Share by Type (2015-2020)
12.7 Asia-Pacific ERW Steel Pipes and Tubes Consumption, Value and Market Share by Application (2015-2020)
12.8 Asia-Pacific ERW Steel Pipes and Tubes by Country (China, Japan, South Korea, Australia, India, Taiwan, Indonesia, Thailand, Philippines, Malaysia)
12.8.1 Asia-Pacific ERW Steel Pipes and Tubes Sales by Country (2015-2020)
12.8.2 Asia-Pacific ERW Steel Pipes and Tubes Consumption Value by Country (2015-2020)
12.9 Asia-Pacific ERW Steel Pipes and Tubes Market PEST Analysis
13 LATIN AMERICA
13.1 Latin America ERW Steel Pipes and Tubes Production, Ex-factory Price, Revenue, Gross Margin (%) and Gross Analysis from 2015-2020
13.2 Latin America ERW Steel Pipes and Tubes Consumption, Terminal Price, Consumption Value and Channel Margin Analysis from 2015-2020
13.3 Latin America ERW Steel Pipes and Tubes Production Analysis from 2015-2020
13.4 Latin America ERW Steel Pipes and Tubes Consumption Analysis from 2015-2020
13.5 Latin America ERW Steel Pipes and Tubes Import and Export from 2015-2020
13.6 Latin America ERW Steel Pipes and Tubes Value, Production and Market Share by Type (2015-2020)
13.7 Latin America ERW Steel Pipes and Tubes Consumption, Value and Market Share by Application (2015-2020)
13.8 Latin America ERW Steel Pipes and Tubes by Country (Brazil, Mexico, Argentina, Columbia, Chile)
13.8.1 Latin America ERW Steel Pipes and Tubes Sales by Country (2015-2020)
13.8.2 Latin America ERW Steel Pipes and Tubes Consumption Value by Country (2015-2020)
13.9 Latin America ERW Steel Pipes and Tubes Market PEST Analysis
14 MIDDLE EAST & AFRICA
14.1 Middle East & Africa ERW Steel Pipes and Tubes Production, Ex-factory Price, Revenue, Gross Margin (%) and Gross Analysis from 2015-2020
14.2 Middle East & Africa ERW Steel Pipes and Tubes Consumption, Terminal Price, Consumption Value and Channel Margin Analysis from 2015-2020
14.3 Middle East & Africa ERW Steel Pipes and Tubes Production Analysis from 2015-2020
14.4 Middle East & Africa ERW Steel Pipes and Tubes Consumption Analysis from 2015-2020
14.5 Middle East & Africa ERW Steel Pipes and Tubes Import and Export from 2015-2020
14.6 Middle East & Africa ERW Steel Pipes and Tubes Value, Production and Market Share by Type (2015-2020)
14.7 Middle East & Africa ERW Steel Pipes and Tubes Consumption, Value and Market Share by Application (2015-2020)
14.8 Middle East & Africa ERW Steel Pipes and Tubes by Country (Saudi Arabia, UAE, Egypt, Nigeria, South Africa)
14.8.1 Middle East & Africa ERW Steel Pipes and Tubes Sales by Country (2015-2020)
14.8.2 Middle East & Africa ERW Steel Pipes and Tubes Consumption Value by Country (2015-2020)
14.9 Middle East & Africa ERW Steel Pipes and Tubes Market PEST Analysis
15 FUTURE FORECAST OF THE GLOBAL ERW STEEL PIPES AND TUBES MARKET FROM 2020-2027
15.1 Future Forecast of the Global ERW Steel Pipes and Tubes Market from 2020-2027 Segment by Region
15.2 Global ERW Steel Pipes and Tubes Production and Growth Rate Forecast by Type (2020-2027)
15.3 Global ERW Steel Pipes and Tubes Consumption and Growth Rate Forecast by Application (2020-2027)
16 APPENDIX
16.1 Methodology
16.2 Research Data Source
LIST OF TABLES AND FIGURES
Global ERW Steel Pipes and Tubes Market Value ($) and Growth Rate of ERW Steel Pipes and Tubes from 2015-2027
Global ERW Steel Pipes and Tubes Production and Growth Rate Segment by Product Type from 2015-2027
Global ERW Steel Pipes and Tubes Consumption and Growth Rate Segment by Application from 2015-2027
Figure ERW Steel Pipes and Tubes Picture
Table Product Specifications of ERW Steel Pipes and Tubes
Table Driving Factors for this Market
Table Industry News of ERW Steel Pipes and Tubes Market
Figure Value Chain Status of ERW Steel Pipes and Tubes
Table Midstream Major Company Analysis (by Manufacturing Base, by Product Type)
Table Distributors/Traders
Table Downstream Major Customer Analysis (by Region, by Preference)
Table Global ERW Steel Pipes and Tubes Production and Growth Rate Segment by Product Type from 2015-2020
Table Global ERW Steel Pipes and Tubes Value ($) and Growth Rate Segment by Product Type from 2015-2020
Figure Large Diameter-Above 6 Inch Dia of ERW Steel Pipes and Tubes
Figure Small Diameter-Below 6 Inch Dia of ERW Steel Pipes and Tubes
Table Global ERW Steel Pipes and Tubes Consumption and Growth Rate Segment by Application from 2015-2020
Table Global ERW Steel Pipes and Tubes Value ($) and Growth Rate Segment by Application from 2015-2020
Figure Oil & gas of ERW Steel Pipes and Tubes
Figure Chemicals & Petrochemicals of ERW Steel Pipes and Tubes
Figure Automotive & transportation of ERW Steel Pipes and Tubes
Figure Mechanical engineering of ERW Steel Pipes and Tubes
Figure Power plant of ERW Steel Pipes and Tubes
Figure Construction of ERW Steel Pipes and Tubes
Figure Other of ERW Steel Pipes and Tubes
Table Global ERW Steel Pipes and Tubes Consumption and Growth Rate Segment by Marketing Channel from 2015-2020
Table Global ERW Steel Pipes and Tubes Value ($) and Growth Rate Segment by Marketing Channel from 2015-2020
Figure Traditional Marketing Channel (Offline) of ERW Steel Pipes and Tubes
Figure Online Channel of ERW Steel Pipes and Tubes
Table Tenaris S.A. Profile (Company Name, Plants Distribution, Sales Region)
Figure Tenaris S.A. Sales and Growth Rate from 2015-2020
Figure Tenaris S.A. Revenue ($) and Global Market Share from 2015-2020
Table Tenaris S.A. ERW Steel Pipes and Tubes Sales, Price, Revenue, Gross Margin (2015-2020)
Table TMK IPSCO Profile (Company Name, Plants Distribution, Sales Region)
Figure TMK IPSCO Sales and Growth Rate from 2015-2020
Figure TMK IPSCO Revenue ($) and Global Market Share from 2015-2020
Table TMK IPSCO ERW Steel Pipes and Tubes Sales, Price, Revenue, Gross Margin (2015-2020)
Table Techint Group SpA Profile (Company Name, Plants Distribution, Sales Region)
Figure Techint Group SpA Sales and Growth Rate from 2015-2020
Figure Techint Group SpA Revenue ($) and Global Market Share from 2015-2020
Table Techint Group SpA ERW Steel Pipes and Tubes Sales, Price, Revenue, Gross Margin (2015-2020)
Table United States Steel Corporation Profile (Company Name, Plants Distribution, Sales Region)
Figure United States Steel Corporation Sales and Growth Rate from 2015-2020
Figure United States Steel Corporation Revenue ($) and Global Market Share from 2015-2020
Table United States Steel Corporation ERW Steel Pipes and Tubes Sales, Price, Revenue, Gross Margin (2015-2020)
Table Choo Bee Metal Industries Berhad Profile (Company Name, Plants Distribution, Sales Region)
Figure Choo Bee Metal Industries Berhad Sales and Growth Rate from 2015-2020
Figure Choo Bee Metal Industries Berhad Revenue ($) and Global Market Share from 2015-2020
Table Choo Bee Metal Industries Berhad ERW Steel Pipes and Tubes Sales, Price, Revenue, Gross Margin (2015-2020)
Table PAO TMK Profile (Company Name, Plants Distribution, Sales Region)
Figure PAO TMK Sales and Growth Rate from 2015-2020
Figure PAO TMK Revenue ($) and Global Market Share from 2015-2020
Table PAO TMK ERW Steel Pipes and Tubes Sales, Price, Revenue, Gross Margin (2015-2020)
Table ArcelorMittal SA Profile (Company Name, Plants Distribution, Sales Region)
Figure ArcelorMittal SA Sales and Growth Rate from 2015-2020
Figure ArcelorMittal SA Revenue ($) and Global Market Share from 2015-2020
Table ArcelorMittal SA ERW Steel Pipes and Tubes Sales, Price, Revenue, Gross Margin (2015-2020)
Table Wheatland Tube Company Profile (Company Name, Plants Distribution, Sales Region)
Figure Wheatland Tube Company Sales and Growth Rate from 2015-2020
Figure Wheatland Tube Company Revenue ($) and Global Market Share from 2015-2020
Table Wheatland Tube Company ERW Steel Pipes and Tubes Sales, Price, Revenue, Gross Margin (2015-2020)
Table Welspun Corp Ltd. Profile (Company Name, Plants Distribution, Sales Region)
Figure Welspun Corp Ltd. Sales and Growth Rate from 2015-2020
Figure Welspun Corp Ltd. Revenue ($) and Global Market Share from 2015-2020
Table Welspun Corp Ltd. ERW Steel Pipes and Tubes Sales, Price, Revenue, Gross Margin (2015-2020)
Table Al Jazeera Steel Products Company SAOG Profile (Company Name, Plants Distribution, Sales Region)
Figure Al Jazeera Steel Products Company SAOG Sales and Growth Rate from 2015-2020
Figure Al Jazeera Steel Products Company SAOG Revenue ($) and Global Market Share from 2015-2020
Table Al Jazeera Steel Products Company SAOG ERW Steel Pipes and Tubes Sales, Price, Revenue, Gross Margin (2015-2020)
Table Nippon Steel & Sumitomo Metal Corporation Profile (Company Name, Plants Distribution, Sales Region)
Figure Nippon Steel & Sumitomo Metal Corporation Sales and Growth Rate from 2015-2020
Figure Nippon Steel & Sumitomo Metal Corporation Revenue ($) and Global Market Share from 2015-2020
Table Nippon Steel & Sumitomo Metal Corporation ERW Steel Pipes and Tubes Sales, Price, Revenue, Gross Margin (2015-2020)
Table TenarisSiderca Profile (Company Name, Plants Distribution, Sales Region)
Figure TenarisSiderca Sales and Growth Rate from 2015-2020
Figure TenarisSiderca Revenue ($) and Global Market Share from 2015-2020
Table TenarisSiderca ERW Steel Pipes and Tubes Sales, Price, Revenue, Gross Margin (2015-2020)
Table PT Bakrie Pipe Industries Profile (Company Name, Plants Distribution, Sales Region)
Figure PT Bakrie Pipe Industries Sales and Growth Rate from 2015-2020
Figure PT Bakrie Pipe Industries Revenue ($) and Global Market Share from 2015-2020
Table PT Bakrie Pipe Industries ERW Steel Pipes and Tubes Sales, Price, Revenue, Gross Margin (2015-2020)
Table Salzgitter Mannesmann Line Pipe GmbH Profile (Company Name, Plants Distribution, Sales Region)
Figure Salzgitter Mannesmann Line Pipe GmbH Sales and Growth Rate from 2015-2020
Figure Salzgitter Mannesmann Line Pipe GmbH Revenue ($) and Global Market Share from 2015-2020
Table Salzgitter Mannesmann Line Pipe GmbH ERW Steel Pipes and Tubes Sales, Price, Revenue, Gross Margin (2015-2020)
Table JFE Steel Corporation Profile (Company Name, Plants Distribution, Sales Region)
Figure JFE Steel Corporation Sales and Growth Rate from 2015-2020
Figure JFE Steel Corporation Revenue ($) and Global Market Share from 2015-2020
Table JFE Steel Corporation ERW Steel Pipes and Tubes Sales, Price, Revenue, Gross Margin (2015-2020)
Table Surya Roshni Ltd. Profile (Company Name, Plants Distribution, Sales Region)
Figure Surya Roshni Ltd. Sales and Growth Rate from 2015-2020
Figure Surya Roshni Ltd. Revenue ($) and Global Market Share from 2015-2020
Table Surya Roshni Ltd. ERW Steel Pipes and Tubes Sales, Price, Revenue, Gross Margin (2015-2020)
Table APL Apollo Tubes Limited Profile (Company Name, Plants Distribution, Sales Region)
Figure APL Apollo Tubes Limited Sales and Growth Rate from 2015-2020
Figure APL Apollo Tubes Limited Revenue ($) and Global Market Share from 2015-2020
Table APL Apollo Tubes Limited ERW Steel Pipes and Tubes Sales, Price, Revenue, Gross Margin (2015-2020)
Table EVRAZ North America Profile (Company Name, Plants Distribution, Sales Region)
Figure EVRAZ North America Sales and Growth Rate from 2015-2020
Figure EVRAZ North America Revenue ($) and Global Market Share from 2015-2020
Table EVRAZ North America ERW Steel Pipes and Tubes Sales, Price, Revenue, Gross Margin (2015-2020)
Table ChelPipe Profile (Company Name, Plants Distribution, Sales Region)
Figure ChelPipe Sales and Growth Rate from 2015-2020
Figure ChelPipe Revenue ($) and Global Market Share from 2015-2020
Table ChelPipe ERW Steel Pipes and Tubes Sales, Price, Revenue, Gross Margin (2015-2020)
Table Tata Steel Europe Profile (Company Name, Plants Distribution, Sales Region)
Figure Tata Steel Europe Sales and Growth Rate from 2015-2020
Figure Tata Steel Europe Revenue ($) and Global Market Share from 2015-2020
Table Tata Steel Europe ERW Steel Pipes and Tubes Sales, Price, Revenue, Gross Margin (2015-2020)
Table Maharashtra Seamless Limited Profile (Company Name, Plants Distribution, Sales Region)
Figure Maharashtra Seamless Limited Sales and Growth Rate from 2015-2020
Figure Maharashtra Seamless Limited Revenue ($) and Global Market Share from 2015-2020
Table Maharashtra Seamless Limited ERW Steel Pipes and Tubes Sales, Price, Revenue, Gross Margin (2015-2020)
Table Arabian Pipes Company Profile (Company Name, Plants Distribution, Sales Region)
Figure Arabian Pipes Company Sales and Growth Rate from 2015-2020
Figure Arabian Pipes Company Revenue ($) and Global Market Share from 2015-2020
Table Arabian Pipes Company ERW Steel Pipes and Tubes Sales, Price, Revenue, Gross Margin (2015-2020)
Table Ternium S.A. Profile (Company Name, Plants Distribution, Sales Region)
Figure Ternium S.A. Sales and Growth Rate from 2015-2020
Figure Ternium S.A. Revenue ($) and Global Market Share from 2015-2020
Table Ternium S.A. ERW Steel Pipes and Tubes Sales, Price, Revenue, Gross Margin (2015-2020)
Table United Metallurgical Company /OMK Profile (Company Name, Plants Distribution, Sales Region)
Figure United Metallurgical Company /OMK Sales and Growth Rate from 2015-2020
Figure United Metallurgical Company /OMK Revenue ($) and Global Market Share from 2015-2020
Table United Metallurgical Company /OMK ERW Steel Pipes and Tubes Sales, Price, Revenue, Gross Margin (2015-2020)
Table Global ERW Steel Pipes and Tubes Production Value ($) by Region from 2015-2020
Table Global ERW Steel Pipes and Tubes Production Value Share by Region from 2015-2020
Table Global ERW Steel Pipes and Tubes Production by Region from 2015-2020
Table Global ERW Steel Pipes and Tubes Consumption Value ($) by Region from 2015-2020
Table Global ERW Steel Pipes and Tubes Consumption by Region from 2015-2020
Table North America ERW Steel Pipes and Tubes Production, Ex-factory Price Revenue ($), Gross Margin (%) and Gross ($) Analysis from 2015-2020
Table North America ERW Steel Pipes and Tubes Consumption, Terminal Price, Consumption Value ($) and Channel Margin Analysis from 2015-2020
Table North America ERW Steel Pipes and Tubes Import and Export from 2015-2020
Table North America ERW Steel Pipes and Tubes Value ($) by Type (2015-2020)
Table North America ERW Steel Pipes and Tubes Production by Type (2015-2020)
Table North America ERW Steel Pipes and Tubes Consumption by Application (2015-2020)
Table North America ERW Steel Pipes and Tubes Consumption by Country (2015-2020)
Table North America ERW Steel Pipes and Tubes Consumption Value ($) by Country (2015-2020)
Figure North America ERW Steel Pipes and Tubes Market PEST Analysis
Table Europe ERW Steel Pipes and Tubes Production, Ex-factory Price Revenue ($), Gross Margin (%) and Gross ($) Analysis from 2015-2020
Table Europe ERW Steel Pipes and Tubes Consumption, Terminal Price, Consumption Value ($) and Channel Margin Analysis from 2015-2020
Table Europe ERW Steel Pipes and Tubes Import and Export from 2015-2020
Table Europe ERW Steel Pipes and Tubes Value ($) by Type (2015-2020)
Table Europe ERW Steel Pipes and Tubes Production by Type (2015-2020)
Table Europe ERW Steel Pipes and Tubes Consumption by Application (2015-2020)
Table Europe ERW Steel Pipes and Tubes Consumption by Country (2015-2020)
Table Europe ERW Steel Pipes and Tubes Consumption Value ($) by Country (2015-2020)
Figure Europe ERW Steel Pipes and Tubes Market PEST Analysis
Table Asia-Pacific ERW Steel Pipes and Tubes Production, Ex-factory Price Revenue ($), Gross Margin (%) and Gross ($) Analysis from 2015-2020
Table Asia-Pacific ERW Steel Pipes and Tubes Consumption, Terminal Price, Consumption Value ($) and Channel Margin Analysis from 2015-2020
Table Asia-Pacific ERW Steel Pipes and Tubes Import and Export from 2015-2020
Table Asia-Pacific ERW Steel Pipes and Tubes Value ($) by Type (2015-2020)
Table Asia-Pacific ERW Steel Pipes and Tubes Production by Type (2015-2020)
Table Asia-Pacific ERW Steel Pipes and Tubes Consumption by Application (2015-2020)
Table Asia-Pacific ERW Steel Pipes and Tubes Consumption by Country (2015-2020)
Table Asia-Pacific ERW Steel Pipes and Tubes Consumption Value ($) by Country (2015-2020)
Figure Asia-Pacific ERW Steel Pipes and Tubes Market PEST Analysis
Table Latin America ERW Steel Pipes and Tubes Production, Ex-factory Price Revenue ($), Gross Margin (%) and Gross ($) Analysis from 2015-2020
Table Latin America ERW Steel Pipes and Tubes Consumption, Terminal Price, Consumption Value ($) and Channel Margin Analysis from 2015-2020
Table Latin America ERW Steel Pipes and Tubes Import and Export from 2015-2020
Table Latin America ERW Steel Pipes and Tubes Value ($) by Type (2015-2020)
Table Latin America ERW Steel Pipes and Tubes Production by Type (2015-2020)
Table Latin America ERW Steel Pipes and Tubes Consumption by Application (2015-2020)
Table Latin America ERW Steel Pipes and Tubes Consumption by Country (2015-2020)
Table Latin America ERW Steel Pipes and Tubes Consumption Value ($) by Country (2015-2020)
Figure Latin America ERW Steel Pipes and Tubes Market PEST Analysis
Table Middle East & Africa ERW Steel Pipes and Tubes Production, Ex-factory Price Revenue ($), Gross Margin (%) and Gross ($) Analysis from 2015-2020
Table Middle East & Africa ERW Steel Pipes and Tubes Consumption, Terminal Price, Consumption Value ($) and Channel Margin Analysis from 2015-2020
Table Middle East & Africa ERW Steel Pipes and Tubes Import and Export from 2015-2020
Table Middle East & Africa ERW Steel Pipes and Tubes Value ($) by Type (2015-2020)
Table Middle East & Africa ERW Steel Pipes and Tubes Production by Type (2015-2020)
Table Middle East & Africa ERW Steel Pipes and Tubes Consumption by Application (2015-2020)
Table Middle East & Africa ERW Steel Pipes and Tubes Consumption by Country (2015-2020)
Table Middle East & Africa ERW Steel Pipes and Tubes Consumption Value ($) by Country (2015-2020)
Figure Middle East & Africa ERW Steel Pipes and Tubes Market PEST Analysis
Table Global ERW Steel Pipes and Tubes Value ($) and Growth Rate Forecast by Region (2020-2027)
Table Global ERW Steel Pipes and Tubes Production and Growth Rate Forecast by Region (2020-2027)
Table Global ERW Steel Pipes and Tubes Consumption and Growth Rate Forecast by Region (2020-2027)
Table Global ERW Steel Pipes and Tubes Production and Growth Rate Forecast by Type (2020-2027)
Table Global ERW Steel Pipes and Tubes Consumption and Growth Rate Forecast by Application (2020-2027)
Global ERW Steel Pipes and Tubes Market Value ($) and Growth Rate of ERW Steel Pipes and Tubes from 2015-2027
Global ERW Steel Pipes and Tubes Production and Growth Rate Segment by Product Type from 2015-2027
Global ERW Steel Pipes and Tubes Consumption and Growth Rate Segment by Application from 2015-2027
Figure ERW Steel Pipes and Tubes Picture
Table Product Specifications of ERW Steel Pipes and Tubes
Table Driving Factors for this Market
Table Industry News of ERW Steel Pipes and Tubes Market
Figure Value Chain Status of ERW Steel Pipes and Tubes
Table Midstream Major Company Analysis (by Manufacturing Base, by Product Type)
Table Distributors/Traders
Table Downstream Major Customer Analysis (by Region, by Preference)
Table Global ERW Steel Pipes and Tubes Production and Growth Rate Segment by Product Type from 2015-2020
Table Global ERW Steel Pipes and Tubes Value ($) and Growth Rate Segment by Product Type from 2015-2020
Figure Large Diameter-Above 6 Inch Dia of ERW Steel Pipes and Tubes
Figure Small Diameter-Below 6 Inch Dia of ERW Steel Pipes and Tubes
Table Global ERW Steel Pipes and Tubes Consumption and Growth Rate Segment by Application from 2015-2020
Table Global ERW Steel Pipes and Tubes Value ($) and Growth Rate Segment by Application from 2015-2020
Figure Oil & gas of ERW Steel Pipes and Tubes
Figure Chemicals & Petrochemicals of ERW Steel Pipes and Tubes
Figure Automotive & transportation of ERW Steel Pipes and Tubes
Figure Mechanical engineering of ERW Steel Pipes and Tubes
Figure Power plant of ERW Steel Pipes and Tubes
Figure Construction of ERW Steel Pipes and Tubes
Figure Other of ERW Steel Pipes and Tubes
Table Global ERW Steel Pipes and Tubes Consumption and Growth Rate Segment by Marketing Channel from 2015-2020
Table Global ERW Steel Pipes and Tubes Value ($) and Growth Rate Segment by Marketing Channel from 2015-2020
Figure Traditional Marketing Channel (Offline) of ERW Steel Pipes and Tubes
Figure Online Channel of ERW Steel Pipes and Tubes
Table Tenaris S.A. Profile (Company Name, Plants Distribution, Sales Region)
Figure Tenaris S.A. Sales and Growth Rate from 2015-2020
Figure Tenaris S.A. Revenue ($) and Global Market Share from 2015-2020
Table Tenaris S.A. ERW Steel Pipes and Tubes Sales, Price, Revenue, Gross Margin (2015-2020)
Table TMK IPSCO Profile (Company Name, Plants Distribution, Sales Region)
Figure TMK IPSCO Sales and Growth Rate from 2015-2020
Figure TMK IPSCO Revenue ($) and Global Market Share from 2015-2020
Table TMK IPSCO ERW Steel Pipes and Tubes Sales, Price, Revenue, Gross Margin (2015-2020)
Table Techint Group SpA Profile (Company Name, Plants Distribution, Sales Region)
Figure Techint Group SpA Sales and Growth Rate from 2015-2020
Figure Techint Group SpA Revenue ($) and Global Market Share from 2015-2020
Table Techint Group SpA ERW Steel Pipes and Tubes Sales, Price, Revenue, Gross Margin (2015-2020)
Table United States Steel Corporation Profile (Company Name, Plants Distribution, Sales Region)
Figure United States Steel Corporation Sales and Growth Rate from 2015-2020
Figure United States Steel Corporation Revenue ($) and Global Market Share from 2015-2020
Table United States Steel Corporation ERW Steel Pipes and Tubes Sales, Price, Revenue, Gross Margin (2015-2020)
Table Choo Bee Metal Industries Berhad Profile (Company Name, Plants Distribution, Sales Region)
Figure Choo Bee Metal Industries Berhad Sales and Growth Rate from 2015-2020
Figure Choo Bee Metal Industries Berhad Revenue ($) and Global Market Share from 2015-2020
Table Choo Bee Metal Industries Berhad ERW Steel Pipes and Tubes Sales, Price, Revenue, Gross Margin (2015-2020)
Table PAO TMK Profile (Company Name, Plants Distribution, Sales Region)
Figure PAO TMK Sales and Growth Rate from 2015-2020
Figure PAO TMK Revenue ($) and Global Market Share from 2015-2020
Table PAO TMK ERW Steel Pipes and Tubes Sales, Price, Revenue, Gross Margin (2015-2020)
Table ArcelorMittal SA Profile (Company Name, Plants Distribution, Sales Region)
Figure ArcelorMittal SA Sales and Growth Rate from 2015-2020
Figure ArcelorMittal SA Revenue ($) and Global Market Share from 2015-2020
Table ArcelorMittal SA ERW Steel Pipes and Tubes Sales, Price, Revenue, Gross Margin (2015-2020)
Table Wheatland Tube Company Profile (Company Name, Plants Distribution, Sales Region)
Figure Wheatland Tube Company Sales and Growth Rate from 2015-2020
Figure Wheatland Tube Company Revenue ($) and Global Market Share from 2015-2020
Table Wheatland Tube Company ERW Steel Pipes and Tubes Sales, Price, Revenue, Gross Margin (2015-2020)
Table Welspun Corp Ltd. Profile (Company Name, Plants Distribution, Sales Region)
Figure Welspun Corp Ltd. Sales and Growth Rate from 2015-2020
Figure Welspun Corp Ltd. Revenue ($) and Global Market Share from 2015-2020
Table Welspun Corp Ltd. ERW Steel Pipes and Tubes Sales, Price, Revenue, Gross Margin (2015-2020)
Table Al Jazeera Steel Products Company SAOG Profile (Company Name, Plants Distribution, Sales Region)
Figure Al Jazeera Steel Products Company SAOG Sales and Growth Rate from 2015-2020
Figure Al Jazeera Steel Products Company SAOG Revenue ($) and Global Market Share from 2015-2020
Table Al Jazeera Steel Products Company SAOG ERW Steel Pipes and Tubes Sales, Price, Revenue, Gross Margin (2015-2020)
Table Nippon Steel & Sumitomo Metal Corporation Profile (Company Name, Plants Distribution, Sales Region)
Figure Nippon Steel & Sumitomo Metal Corporation Sales and Growth Rate from 2015-2020
Figure Nippon Steel & Sumitomo Metal Corporation Revenue ($) and Global Market Share from 2015-2020
Table Nippon Steel & Sumitomo Metal Corporation ERW Steel Pipes and Tubes Sales, Price, Revenue, Gross Margin (2015-2020)
Table TenarisSiderca Profile (Company Name, Plants Distribution, Sales Region)
Figure TenarisSiderca Sales and Growth Rate from 2015-2020
Figure TenarisSiderca Revenue ($) and Global Market Share from 2015-2020
Table TenarisSiderca ERW Steel Pipes and Tubes Sales, Price, Revenue, Gross Margin (2015-2020)
Table PT Bakrie Pipe Industries Profile (Company Name, Plants Distribution, Sales Region)
Figure PT Bakrie Pipe Industries Sales and Growth Rate from 2015-2020
Figure PT Bakrie Pipe Industries Revenue ($) and Global Market Share from 2015-2020
Table PT Bakrie Pipe Industries ERW Steel Pipes and Tubes Sales, Price, Revenue, Gross Margin (2015-2020)
Table Salzgitter Mannesmann Line Pipe GmbH Profile (Company Name, Plants Distribution, Sales Region)
Figure Salzgitter Mannesmann Line Pipe GmbH Sales and Growth Rate from 2015-2020
Figure Salzgitter Mannesmann Line Pipe GmbH Revenue ($) and Global Market Share from 2015-2020
Table Salzgitter Mannesmann Line Pipe GmbH ERW Steel Pipes and Tubes Sales, Price, Revenue, Gross Margin (2015-2020)
Table JFE Steel Corporation Profile (Company Name, Plants Distribution, Sales Region)
Figure JFE Steel Corporation Sales and Growth Rate from 2015-2020
Figure JFE Steel Corporation Revenue ($) and Global Market Share from 2015-2020
Table JFE Steel Corporation ERW Steel Pipes and Tubes Sales, Price, Revenue, Gross Margin (2015-2020)
Table Surya Roshni Ltd. Profile (Company Name, Plants Distribution, Sales Region)
Figure Surya Roshni Ltd. Sales and Growth Rate from 2015-2020
Figure Surya Roshni Ltd. Revenue ($) and Global Market Share from 2015-2020
Table Surya Roshni Ltd. ERW Steel Pipes and Tubes Sales, Price, Revenue, Gross Margin (2015-2020)
Table APL Apollo Tubes Limited Profile (Company Name, Plants Distribution, Sales Region)
Figure APL Apollo Tubes Limited Sales and Growth Rate from 2015-2020
Figure APL Apollo Tubes Limited Revenue ($) and Global Market Share from 2015-2020
Table APL Apollo Tubes Limited ERW Steel Pipes and Tubes Sales, Price, Revenue, Gross Margin (2015-2020)
Table EVRAZ North America Profile (Company Name, Plants Distribution, Sales Region)
Figure EVRAZ North America Sales and Growth Rate from 2015-2020
Figure EVRAZ North America Revenue ($) and Global Market Share from 2015-2020
Table EVRAZ North America ERW Steel Pipes and Tubes Sales, Price, Revenue, Gross Margin (2015-2020)
Table ChelPipe Profile (Company Name, Plants Distribution, Sales Region)
Figure ChelPipe Sales and Growth Rate from 2015-2020
Figure ChelPipe Revenue ($) and Global Market Share from 2015-2020
Table ChelPipe ERW Steel Pipes and Tubes Sales, Price, Revenue, Gross Margin (2015-2020)
Table Tata Steel Europe Profile (Company Name, Plants Distribution, Sales Region)
Figure Tata Steel Europe Sales and Growth Rate from 2015-2020
Figure Tata Steel Europe Revenue ($) and Global Market Share from 2015-2020
Table Tata Steel Europe ERW Steel Pipes and Tubes Sales, Price, Revenue, Gross Margin (2015-2020)
Table Maharashtra Seamless Limited Profile (Company Name, Plants Distribution, Sales Region)
Figure Maharashtra Seamless Limited Sales and Growth Rate from 2015-2020
Figure Maharashtra Seamless Limited Revenue ($) and Global Market Share from 2015-2020
Table Maharashtra Seamless Limited ERW Steel Pipes and Tubes Sales, Price, Revenue, Gross Margin (2015-2020)
Table Arabian Pipes Company Profile (Company Name, Plants Distribution, Sales Region)
Figure Arabian Pipes Company Sales and Growth Rate from 2015-2020
Figure Arabian Pipes Company Revenue ($) and Global Market Share from 2015-2020
Table Arabian Pipes Company ERW Steel Pipes and Tubes Sales, Price, Revenue, Gross Margin (2015-2020)
Table Ternium S.A. Profile (Company Name, Plants Distribution, Sales Region)
Figure Ternium S.A. Sales and Growth Rate from 2015-2020
Figure Ternium S.A. Revenue ($) and Global Market Share from 2015-2020
Table Ternium S.A. ERW Steel Pipes and Tubes Sales, Price, Revenue, Gross Margin (2015-2020)
Table United Metallurgical Company /OMK Profile (Company Name, Plants Distribution, Sales Region)
Figure United Metallurgical Company /OMK Sales and Growth Rate from 2015-2020
Figure United Metallurgical Company /OMK Revenue ($) and Global Market Share from 2015-2020
Table United Metallurgical Company /OMK ERW Steel Pipes and Tubes Sales, Price, Revenue, Gross Margin (2015-2020)
Table Global ERW Steel Pipes and Tubes Production Value ($) by Region from 2015-2020
Table Global ERW Steel Pipes and Tubes Production Value Share by Region from 2015-2020
Table Global ERW Steel Pipes and Tubes Production by Region from 2015-2020
Table Global ERW Steel Pipes and Tubes Consumption Value ($) by Region from 2015-2020
Table Global ERW Steel Pipes and Tubes Consumption by Region from 2015-2020
Table North America ERW Steel Pipes and Tubes Production, Ex-factory Price Revenue ($), Gross Margin (%) and Gross ($) Analysis from 2015-2020
Table North America ERW Steel Pipes and Tubes Consumption, Terminal Price, Consumption Value ($) and Channel Margin Analysis from 2015-2020
Table North America ERW Steel Pipes and Tubes Import and Export from 2015-2020
Table North America ERW Steel Pipes and Tubes Value ($) by Type (2015-2020)
Table North America ERW Steel Pipes and Tubes Production by Type (2015-2020)
Table North America ERW Steel Pipes and Tubes Consumption by Application (2015-2020)
Table North America ERW Steel Pipes and Tubes Consumption by Country (2015-2020)
Table North America ERW Steel Pipes and Tubes Consumption Value ($) by Country (2015-2020)
Figure North America ERW Steel Pipes and Tubes Market PEST Analysis
Table Europe ERW Steel Pipes and Tubes Production, Ex-factory Price Revenue ($), Gross Margin (%) and Gross ($) Analysis from 2015-2020
Table Europe ERW Steel Pipes and Tubes Consumption, Terminal Price, Consumption Value ($) and Channel Margin Analysis from 2015-2020
Table Europe ERW Steel Pipes and Tubes Import and Export from 2015-2020
Table Europe ERW Steel Pipes and Tubes Value ($) by Type (2015-2020)
Table Europe ERW Steel Pipes and Tubes Production by Type (2015-2020)
Table Europe ERW Steel Pipes and Tubes Consumption by Application (2015-2020)
Table Europe ERW Steel Pipes and Tubes Consumption by Country (2015-2020)
Table Europe ERW Steel Pipes and Tubes Consumption Value ($) by Country (2015-2020)
Figure Europe ERW Steel Pipes and Tubes Market PEST Analysis
Table Asia-Pacific ERW Steel Pipes and Tubes Production, Ex-factory Price Revenue ($), Gross Margin (%) and Gross ($) Analysis from 2015-2020
Table Asia-Pacific ERW Steel Pipes and Tubes Consumption, Terminal Price, Consumption Value ($) and Channel Margin Analysis from 2015-2020
Table Asia-Pacific ERW Steel Pipes and Tubes Import and Export from 2015-2020
Table Asia-Pacific ERW Steel Pipes and Tubes Value ($) by Type (2015-2020)
Table Asia-Pacific ERW Steel Pipes and Tubes Production by Type (2015-2020)
Table Asia-Pacific ERW Steel Pipes and Tubes Consumption by Application (2015-2020)
Table Asia-Pacific ERW Steel Pipes and Tubes Consumption by Country (2015-2020)
Table Asia-Pacific ERW Steel Pipes and Tubes Consumption Value ($) by Country (2015-2020)
Figure Asia-Pacific ERW Steel Pipes and Tubes Market PEST Analysis
Table Latin America ERW Steel Pipes and Tubes Production, Ex-factory Price Revenue ($), Gross Margin (%) and Gross ($) Analysis from 2015-2020
Table Latin America ERW Steel Pipes and Tubes Consumption, Terminal Price, Consumption Value ($) and Channel Margin Analysis from 2015-2020
Table Latin America ERW Steel Pipes and Tubes Import and Export from 2015-2020
Table Latin America ERW Steel Pipes and Tubes Value ($) by Type (2015-2020)
Table Latin America ERW Steel Pipes and Tubes Production by Type (2015-2020)
Table Latin America ERW Steel Pipes and Tubes Consumption by Application (2015-2020)
Table Latin America ERW Steel Pipes and Tubes Consumption by Country (2015-2020)
Table Latin America ERW Steel Pipes and Tubes Consumption Value ($) by Country (2015-2020)
Figure Latin America ERW Steel Pipes and Tubes Market PEST Analysis
Table Middle East & Africa ERW Steel Pipes and Tubes Production, Ex-factory Price Revenue ($), Gross Margin (%) and Gross ($) Analysis from 2015-2020
Table Middle East & Africa ERW Steel Pipes and Tubes Consumption, Terminal Price, Consumption Value ($) and Channel Margin Analysis from 2015-2020
Table Middle East & Africa ERW Steel Pipes and Tubes Import and Export from 2015-2020
Table Middle East & Africa ERW Steel Pipes and Tubes Value ($) by Type (2015-2020)
Table Middle East & Africa ERW Steel Pipes and Tubes Production by Type (2015-2020)
Table Middle East & Africa ERW Steel Pipes and Tubes Consumption by Application (2015-2020)
Table Middle East & Africa ERW Steel Pipes and Tubes Consumption by Country (2015-2020)
Table Middle East & Africa ERW Steel Pipes and Tubes Consumption Value ($) by Country (2015-2020)
Figure Middle East & Africa ERW Steel Pipes and Tubes Market PEST Analysis
Table Global ERW Steel Pipes and Tubes Value ($) and Growth Rate Forecast by Region (2020-2027)
Table Global ERW Steel Pipes and Tubes Production and Growth Rate Forecast by Region (2020-2027)
Table Global ERW Steel Pipes and Tubes Consumption and Growth Rate Forecast by Region (2020-2027)
Table Global ERW Steel Pipes and Tubes Production and Growth Rate Forecast by Type (2020-2027)
Table Global ERW Steel Pipes and Tubes Consumption and Growth Rate Forecast by Application (2020-2027)
