United States Radix Isatidis Market Report 2018

March 2018 | 95 pages | ID: U0447E274ABQEN
QYResearch

Abstracts

In this report, the United States Radix Isatidis market is valued at USD XX million in 2017 and is expected to reach USD XX million by the end of 2025, growing at a CAGR of XX% between 2017 and 2025.

Geographically, this report splits the United States market into seven regions:

• The West
• Southwest
• The Middle Atlantic
• New England
• The South
• The Midwest
• with sales (volume), revenue (value), market share and growth rate of Radix Isatidis in these regions, from 2013 to 2025 (forecast).

United States Radix Isatidis market competition by top manufacturers/players, with Radix Isatidis sales volume, price, revenue (Million USD) and market share for each manufacturer/player; the top players including

• Guangzhou Baiyun Mountain Pharmaceutical Group
• Huarun 39 pharmaceuticals Limited by Share Ltd
• China Beijing Tongrentang (Group) Co., Ltd.
• Guangzhou Xiangxue pharmaceutical Limited by Share Ltd
• Yunnan Baiyao Group Limited by Share Ltd
• Revised Pharmaceutical Group Limited by Share Ltd
• Jilin Aodong Pharmaceutical Group Corporation
• Taiji Group Ltd
• Anhui Hua Tuo national drug Limited by Share Ltd
• Li Shizhen Medical Group Ltd

On the basis of product, this report displays the production, revenue, price, market share and growth rate of each type, primarily split into

• Grain
• Capsule
• Other

On the basis on the end users/applications, this report focuses on the status and outlook for major applications/end users, sales volume, market share and growth rate for each application, including

• Pharmacy
• Hospital
• Other

If you have any special requirements, please let us know and we will offer you the report as you want.

Contents

United States Radix Isatidis Market Report 2018

1 RADIX ISATIDIS OVERVIEW

1.1 Product Overview and Scope of Radix Isatidis
1.2 Classification of Radix Isatidis by Product Category
  1.2.1 United States Radix Isatidis Market Size (Sales Volume) Comparison by Type (2013-2025)
  1.2.2 United States Radix Isatidis Market Size (Sales Volume) Market Share by Type (Product Category) in 2017
  1.2.3 Grain
  1.2.4 Capsule
  1.2.5 Other
1.3 United States Radix Isatidis Market by Application/End Users
  1.3.1 United States Radix Isatidis Market Size (Consumption) and Market Share Comparison by Application (2013-2025)
  1.3.2 Pharmacy
  1.3.3 Hospital
  1.3.4 Other
1.4 United States Radix Isatidis Market by Region
  1.4.1 United States Radix Isatidis Market Size (Value) Comparison by Region (2013-2025)
  1.4.2 The West Radix Isatidis Status and Prospect (2013-2025)
  1.4.3 Southwest Radix Isatidis Status and Prospect (2013-2025)
  1.4.4 The Middle Atlantic Radix Isatidis Status and Prospect (2013-2025)
  1.4.5 New England Radix Isatidis Status and Prospect (2013-2025)
  1.4.6 The South Radix Isatidis Status and Prospect (2013-2025)
  1.4.7 The Midwest Radix Isatidis Status and Prospect (2013-2025)
1.5 United States Market Size (Value and Volume) of Radix Isatidis (2013-2025)
  1.5.1 United States Radix Isatidis Sales and Growth Rate (2013-2025)
  1.5.2 United States Radix Isatidis Revenue and Growth Rate (2013-2025)

2 UNITED STATES RADIX ISATIDIS MARKET COMPETITION BY PLAYERS/SUPPLIERS

2.1 United States Radix Isatidis Sales and Market Share of Key Players/Suppliers (2013-2018)
2.2 United States Radix Isatidis Revenue and Share by Players/Suppliers (2013-2018)
2.3 United States Radix Isatidis Average Price by Players/Suppliers (2013-2018)
2.4 United States Radix Isatidis Market Competitive Situation and Trends
  2.4.1 United States Radix Isatidis Market Concentration Rate
  2.4.2 United States Radix Isatidis Market Share of Top 3 and Top 5 Players/Suppliers
  2.4.3 Mergers & Acquisitions, Expansion in United States Market
2.5 United States Players/Suppliers Radix Isatidis Manufacturing Base Distribution, Sales Area, Product Type

3 UNITED STATES RADIX ISATIDIS SALES (VOLUME) AND REVENUE (VALUE) BY REGION (2013-2018)

3.1 United States Radix Isatidis Sales and Market Share by Region (2013-2018)
3.2 United States Radix Isatidis Revenue and Market Share by Region (2013-2018)
3.3 United States Radix Isatidis Price by Region (2013-2018)

4 UNITED STATES RADIX ISATIDIS SALES (VOLUME) AND REVENUE (VALUE) BY TYPE (PRODUCT CATEGORY) (2013-2018)

4.1 United States Radix Isatidis Sales and Market Share by Type (Product Category) (2013-2018)
4.2 United States Radix Isatidis Revenue and Market Share by Type (2013-2018)
4.3 United States Radix Isatidis Price by Type (2013-2018)
4.4 United States Radix Isatidis Sales Growth Rate by Type (2013-2018)

5 UNITED STATES RADIX ISATIDIS SALES (VOLUME) BY APPLICATION (2013-2018)

5.1 United States Radix Isatidis Sales and Market Share by Application (2013-2018)
5.2 United States Radix Isatidis Sales Growth Rate by Application (2013-2018)
5.3 Market Drivers and Opportunities

6 UNITED STATES RADIX ISATIDIS PLAYERS/SUPPLIERS PROFILES AND SALES DATA

6.1 Guangzhou Baiyun Mountain Pharmaceutical Group
  6.1.1 Company Basic Information, Manufacturing Base and Competitors
  6.1.2 Radix Isatidis Product Category, Application and Specification
    6.1.2.1 Product A
    6.1.2.2 Product B
  6.1.3 Guangzhou Baiyun Mountain Pharmaceutical Group Radix Isatidis Sales, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2013-2018)
  6.1.4 Main Business/Business Overview
6.2 Huarun 39 pharmaceuticals Limited by Share Ltd
  6.2.2 Radix Isatidis Product Category, Application and Specification
    6.2.2.1 Product A
    6.2.2.2 Product B
  6.2.3 Huarun 39 pharmaceuticals Limited by Share Ltd Radix Isatidis Sales, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2013-2018)
  6.2.4 Main Business/Business Overview
6.3 China Beijing Tongrentang (Group) Co., Ltd.
  6.3.2 Radix Isatidis Product Category, Application and Specification
    6.3.2.1 Product A
    6.3.2.2 Product B
  6.3.3 China Beijing Tongrentang (Group) Co., Ltd. Radix Isatidis Sales, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2013-2018)
  6.3.4 Main Business/Business Overview
6.4 Guangzhou Xiangxue pharmaceutical Limited by Share Ltd
  6.4.2 Radix Isatidis Product Category, Application and Specification
    6.4.2.1 Product A
    6.4.2.2 Product B
  6.4.3 Guangzhou Xiangxue pharmaceutical Limited by Share Ltd Radix Isatidis Sales, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2013-2018)
  6.4.4 Main Business/Business Overview
6.5 Yunnan Baiyao Group Limited by Share Ltd
  6.5.2 Radix Isatidis Product Category, Application and Specification
    6.5.2.1 Product A
    6.5.2.2 Product B
  6.5.3 Yunnan Baiyao Group Limited by Share Ltd Radix Isatidis Sales, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2013-2018)
  6.5.4 Main Business/Business Overview
6.6 Revised Pharmaceutical Group Limited by Share Ltd
  6.6.2 Radix Isatidis Product Category, Application and Specification
    6.6.2.1 Product A
    6.6.2.2 Product B
  6.6.3 Revised Pharmaceutical Group Limited by Share Ltd Radix Isatidis Sales, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2013-2018)
  6.6.4 Main Business/Business Overview
6.7 Jilin Aodong Pharmaceutical Group Corporation
  6.7.2 Radix Isatidis Product Category, Application and Specification
    6.7.2.1 Product A
    6.7.2.2 Product B
  6.7.3 Jilin Aodong Pharmaceutical Group Corporation Radix Isatidis Sales, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2013-2018)
  6.7.4 Main Business/Business Overview
6.8 Taiji Group Ltd
  6.8.2 Radix Isatidis Product Category, Application and Specification
    6.8.2.1 Product A
    6.8.2.2 Product B
  6.8.3 Taiji Group Ltd Radix Isatidis Sales, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2013-2018)
  6.8.4 Main Business/Business Overview
6.9 Anhui Hua Tuo national drug Limited by Share Ltd
  6.9.2 Radix Isatidis Product Category, Application and Specification
    6.9.2.1 Product A
    6.9.2.2 Product B
  6.9.3 Anhui Hua Tuo national drug Limited by Share Ltd Radix Isatidis Sales, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2013-2018)
  6.9.4 Main Business/Business Overview
6.10 Li Shizhen Medical Group Ltd
  6.10.2 Radix Isatidis Product Category, Application and Specification
    6.10.2.1 Product A
    6.10.2.2 Product B
  6.10.3 Li Shizhen Medical Group Ltd Radix Isatidis Sales, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2013-2018)
  6.10.4 Main Business/Business Overview

7 RADIX ISATIDIS MANUFACTURING COST ANALYSIS

7.1 Radix Isatidis Key Raw Materials Analysis
  7.1.1 Key Raw Materials
  7.1.2 Price Trend of Key Raw Materials
  7.1.3 Key Suppliers of Raw Materials
  7.1.4 Market Concentration Rate of Raw Materials
7.2 Proportion of Manufacturing Cost Structure
  7.2.1 Raw Materials
  7.2.2 Labor Cost
  7.2.3 Manufacturing Expenses
7.3 Manufacturing Process Analysis of Radix Isatidis

8 INDUSTRIAL CHAIN, SOURCING STRATEGY AND DOWNSTREAM BUYERS

8.1 Radix Isatidis Industrial Chain Analysis
8.2 Upstream Raw Materials Sourcing
8.3 Raw Materials Sources of Radix Isatidis Major Manufacturers in 2017
8.4 Downstream Buyers

9 MARKETING STRATEGY ANALYSIS, DISTRIBUTORS/TRADERS

9.1 Marketing Channel
  9.1.1 Direct Marketing
  9.1.2 Indirect Marketing
  9.1.3 Marketing Channel Development Trend
9.2 Market Positioning
  9.2.1 Pricing Strategy
  9.2.2 Brand Strategy
  9.2.3 Target Client
9.3 Distributors/Traders List

10 MARKET EFFECT FACTORS ANALYSIS

10.1 Technology Progress/Risk
  10.1.1 Substitutes Threat
  10.1.2 Technology Progress in Related Industry
10.2 Consumer Needs/Customer Preference Change
10.3 Economic/Political Environmental Change

11 UNITED STATES RADIX ISATIDIS MARKET SIZE (VALUE AND VOLUME) FORECAST (2018-2025)

11.1 United States Radix Isatidis Sales Volume, Revenue Forecast (2018-2025)
11.2 United States Radix Isatidis Sales Volume Forecast by Type (2018-2025)
11.3 United States Radix Isatidis Sales Volume Forecast by Application (2018-2025)
11.4 United States Radix Isatidis Sales Volume Forecast by Region (2018-2025)

12 RESEARCH FINDINGS AND CONCLUSION

13 APPENDIX

13.1 Methodology/Research Approach
  13.1.1 Research Programs/Design
  13.1.2 Market Size Estimation
  13.1.3 Market Breakdown and Data Triangulation
13.2 Data Source
  13.2.1 Secondary Sources
  13.2.2 Primary Sources
13.3 Disclaimer

The report requires updating with new data and is sent in 2-3 business days after order is placed.

List Of Tables

LIST OF TABLES AND FIGURES

Figure Product Picture of Radix Isatidis
Figure United States Radix Isatidis Market Size (K Units) by Type (2013-2025)
Figure United States Radix Isatidis Sales Volume Market Share by Type (Product Category) in 2017
Figure Grain Product Picture
Figure Capsule Product Picture
Figure Other Product Picture
Figure United States Radix Isatidis Market Size (K Units) by Application (2013-2025)
Figure United States Sales Market Share of Radix Isatidis by Application in 2017
Figure Pharmacy Examples
Table Key Downstream Customer in Pharmacy
Figure Hospital Examples
Table Key Downstream Customer in Hospital
Figure Other Examples
Table Key Downstream Customer in Other
Figure United States Radix Isatidis Market Size (Million USD) by Region (2013-2025)
Figure The West Radix Isatidis Revenue (Million USD) and Growth Rate (2013-2025)
Figure Southwest Radix Isatidis Revenue (Million USD) and Growth Rate (2013-2025)
Figure The Middle Atlantic Radix Isatidis Revenue (Million USD) and Growth Rate (2013-2025)
Figure New England Radix Isatidis Revenue (Million USD) and Growth Rate (2013-2025)
Figure The South of US Radix Isatidis Revenue (Million USD) and Growth Rate (2013-2025)
Figure The Midwest Radix Isatidis Revenue (Million USD) and Growth Rate (2013-2025)
Figure United States Radix Isatidis Sales (K Units) and Growth Rate (2013-2025)
Figure United States Radix Isatidis Revenue (Million USD) and Growth Rate (2013-2025)
Figure United States Radix Isatidis Market Major Players Product Sales Volume (K Units) (2013-2018)
Table United States Radix Isatidis Sales (K Units) of Key Players/Suppliers (2013-2018)
Table United States Radix Isatidis Sales Share by Players/Suppliers (2013-2018)
Figure 2017 United States Radix Isatidis Sales Share by Players/Suppliers
Figure 2017 United States Radix Isatidis Sales Share by Players/Suppliers
Figure United States Radix Isatidis Market Major Players Product Revenue (Million USD) (2013-2018)
Table United States Radix Isatidis Revenue (Million USD) by Players/Suppliers (2013-2018)
Table United States Radix Isatidis Revenue Share by Players/Suppliers (2013-2018)
Figure 2017 United States Radix Isatidis Revenue Share by Players/Suppliers
Figure 2017 United States Radix Isatidis Revenue Share by Players/Suppliers
Table United States Market Radix Isatidis Average Price (USD/Unit) of Key Players/Suppliers (2013-2018)
Figure United States Market Radix Isatidis Average Price (USD/Unit) of Key Players/Suppliers in 2017
Figure United States Radix Isatidis Market Share of Top 3 Players/Suppliers
Figure United States Radix Isatidis Market Share of Top 5 Players/Suppliers
Table United States Players/Suppliers Radix Isatidis Manufacturing Base Distribution and Sales Area
Table United States Players/Suppliers Radix Isatidis Product Category
Table United States Radix Isatidis Sales (K Units) by Region (2013-2018)
Table United States Radix Isatidis Sales Share by Region (2013-2018)
Figure United States Radix Isatidis Sales Share by Region (2013-2018)
Figure United States Radix Isatidis Sales Market Share by Region in 2017
Table United States Radix Isatidis Revenue (Million USD) and Market Share by Region (2013-2018)
Table United States Radix Isatidis Revenue Share by Region (2013-2018)
Figure United States Radix Isatidis Revenue Market Share by Region (2013-2018)
Figure United States Radix Isatidis Revenue Market Share by Region in 2017
Table United States Radix Isatidis Price (USD/Unit) by Region (2013-2018)
Table United States Radix Isatidis Sales (K Units) by Type (2013-2018)
Table United States Radix Isatidis Sales Share by Type (2013-2018)
Figure United States Radix Isatidis Sales Share by Type (2013-2018)
Figure United States Radix Isatidis Sales Market Share by Type in 2017
Table United States Radix Isatidis Revenue (Million USD) and Market Share by Type (2013-2018)
Table United States Radix Isatidis Revenue Share by Type (2013-2018)
Figure Revenue Market Share of Radix Isatidis by Type (2013-2018)
Figure Revenue Market Share of Radix Isatidis by Type in 2017
Table United States Radix Isatidis Price (USD/Unit) by Types (2013-2018)
Figure United States Radix Isatidis Sales Growth Rate by Type (2013-2018)
Table United States Radix Isatidis Sales (K Units) by Application (2013-2018)
Table United States Radix Isatidis Sales Market Share by Application (2013-2018)
Figure United States Radix Isatidis Sales Market Share by Application (2013-2018)
Figure United States Radix Isatidis Sales Market Share by Application in 2017
Table United States Radix Isatidis Sales Growth Rate by Application (2013-2018)
Figure United States Radix Isatidis Sales Growth Rate by Application (2013-2018)
Table Guangzhou Baiyun Mountain Pharmaceutical Group Basic Information List
Table Guangzhou Baiyun Mountain Pharmaceutical Group Radix Isatidis Sales (K Units), Revenue (Million USD), Price (USD/Unit) and Gross Margin (2013-2018)
Figure Guangzhou Baiyun Mountain Pharmaceutical Group Radix Isatidis Sales Growth Rate (2013-2018)
Figure Guangzhou Baiyun Mountain Pharmaceutical Group Radix Isatidis Sales Market Share in United States (2013-2018)
Figure Guangzhou Baiyun Mountain Pharmaceutical Group Radix Isatidis Revenue Market Share in United States (2013-2018)
Table Huarun 39 pharmaceuticals Limited by Share Ltd Basic Information List
Table Huarun 39 pharmaceuticals Limited by Share Ltd Radix Isatidis Sales (K Units), Revenue (Million USD), Price (USD/Unit) and Gross Margin (2013-2018)
Figure Huarun 39 pharmaceuticals Limited by Share Ltd Radix Isatidis Sales Growth Rate (2013-2018)
Figure Huarun 39 pharmaceuticals Limited by Share Ltd Radix Isatidis Sales Market Share in United States (2013-2018)
Figure Huarun 39 pharmaceuticals Limited by Share Ltd Radix Isatidis Revenue Market Share in United States (2013-2018)
Table China Beijing Tongrentang (Group) Co., Ltd. Basic Information List
Table China Beijing Tongrentang (Group) Co., Ltd. Radix Isatidis Sales (K Units), Revenue (Million USD), Price (USD/Unit) and Gross Margin (2013-2018)
Figure China Beijing Tongrentang (Group) Co., Ltd. Radix Isatidis Sales Growth Rate (2013-2018)
Figure China Beijing Tongrentang (Group) Co., Ltd. Radix Isatidis Sales Market Share in United States (2013-2018)
Figure China Beijing Tongrentang (Group) Co., Ltd. Radix Isatidis Revenue Market Share in United States (2013-2018)
Table Guangzhou Xiangxue pharmaceutical Limited by Share Ltd Basic Information List
Table Guangzhou Xiangxue pharmaceutical Limited by Share Ltd Radix Isatidis Sales (K Units), Revenue (Million USD), Price (USD/Unit) and Gross Margin (2013-2018)
Figure Guangzhou Xiangxue pharmaceutical Limited by Share Ltd Radix Isatidis Sales Growth Rate (2013-2018)
Figure Guangzhou Xiangxue pharmaceutical Limited by Share Ltd Radix Isatidis Sales Market Share in United States (2013-2018)
Figure Guangzhou Xiangxue pharmaceutical Limited by Share Ltd Radix Isatidis Revenue Market Share in United States (2013-2018)
Table Yunnan Baiyao Group Limited by Share Ltd Basic Information List
Table Yunnan Baiyao Group Limited by Share Ltd Radix Isatidis Sales (K Units), Revenue (Million USD), Price (USD/Unit) and Gross Margin (2013-2018)
Figure Yunnan Baiyao Group Limited by Share Ltd Radix Isatidis Sales Growth Rate (2013-2018)
Figure Yunnan Baiyao Group Limited by Share Ltd Radix Isatidis Sales Market Share in United States (2013-2018)
Figure Yunnan Baiyao Group Limited by Share Ltd Radix Isatidis Revenue Market Share in United States (2013-2018)
Table Revised Pharmaceutical Group Limited by Share Ltd Basic Information List
Table Revised Pharmaceutical Group Limited by Share Ltd Radix Isatidis Sales (K Units), Revenue (Million USD), Price (USD/Unit) and Gross Margin (2013-2018)
Figure Revised Pharmaceutical Group Limited by Share Ltd Radix Isatidis Sales Growth Rate (2013-2018)
Figure Revised Pharmaceutical Group Limited by Share Ltd Radix Isatidis Sales Market Share in United States (2013-2018)
Figure Revised Pharmaceutical Group Limited by Share Ltd Radix Isatidis Revenue Market Share in United States (2013-2018)
Table Jilin Aodong Pharmaceutical Group Corporation Basic Information List
Table Jilin Aodong Pharmaceutical Group Corporation Radix Isatidis Sales (K Units), Revenue (Million USD), Price (USD/Unit) and Gross Margin (2013-2018)
Figure Jilin Aodong Pharmaceutical Group Corporation Radix Isatidis Sales Growth Rate (2013-2018)
Figure Jilin Aodong Pharmaceutical Group Corporation Radix Isatidis Sales Market Share in United States (2013-2018)
Figure Jilin Aodong Pharmaceutical Group Corporation Radix Isatidis Revenue Market Share in United States (2013-2018)
Table Taiji Group Ltd Basic Information List
Table Taiji Group Ltd Radix Isatidis Sales (K Units), Revenue (Million USD), Price (USD/Unit) and Gross Margin (2013-2018)
Figure Taiji Group Ltd Radix Isatidis Sales Growth Rate (2013-2018)
Figure Taiji Group Ltd Radix Isatidis Sales Market Share in United States (2013-2018)
Figure Taiji Group Ltd Radix Isatidis Revenue Market Share in United States (2013-2018)
Table Anhui Hua Tuo national drug Limited by Share Ltd Basic Information List
Table Anhui Hua Tuo national drug Limited by Share Ltd Radix Isatidis Sales (K Units), Revenue (Million USD), Price (USD/Unit) and Gross Margin (2013-2018)
Figure Anhui Hua Tuo national drug Limited by Share Ltd Radix Isatidis Sales Growth Rate (2013-2018)
Figure Anhui Hua Tuo national drug Limited by Share Ltd Radix Isatidis Sales Market Share in United States (2013-2018)
Figure Anhui Hua Tuo national drug Limited by Share Ltd Radix Isatidis Revenue Market Share in United States (2013-2018)
Table Li Shizhen Medical Group Ltd Basic Information List
Table Li Shizhen Medical Group Ltd Radix Isatidis Sales (K Units), Revenue (Million USD), Price (USD/Unit) and Gross Margin (2013-2018)
Figure Li Shizhen Medical Group Ltd Radix Isatidis Sales Growth Rate (2013-2018)
Figure Li Shizhen Medical Group Ltd Radix Isatidis Sales Market Share in United States (2013-2018)
Figure Li Shizhen Medical Group Ltd Radix Isatidis Revenue Market Share in United States (2013-2018)
Table Production Base and Market Concentration Rate of Raw Material
Figure Price Trend of Key Raw Materials
Table Key Suppliers of Raw Materials
Figure Manufacturing Cost Structure of Radix Isatidis
Figure Manufacturing Process Analysis of Radix Isatidis
Figure Radix Isatidis Industrial Chain Analysis
Table Raw Materials Sources of Radix Isatidis Major Players/Suppliers in 2017
Table Major Buyers of Radix Isatidis
Table Distributors/Traders List
Figure United States Radix Isatidis Sales Volume (K Units) and Growth Rate Forecast (2018-2025)
Figure United States Radix Isatidis Revenue (Million USD) and Growth Rate Forecast (2018-2025)
Figure United States Radix Isatidis Price (USD/Unit) Trend Forecast (2018-2025)
Table United States Radix Isatidis Sales Volume (K Units) Forecast by Type (2018-2025)
Figure United States Radix Isatidis Sales Volume (K Units) Forecast by Type (2018-2025)
Figure United States Radix Isatidis Sales Volume (K Units) Forecast by Type in 2025
Table United States Radix Isatidis Sales Volume (K Units) Forecast by Application (2018-2025)
Figure United States Radix Isatidis Sales Volume (K Units) Forecast by Application (2018-2025)
Figure United States Radix Isatidis Sales Volume (K Units) Forecast by Application in 2025
Table United States Radix Isatidis Sales Volume (K Units) Forecast by Region (2018-2025)
Table United States Radix Isatidis Sales Volume Share Forecast by Region (2018-2025)
Figure United States Radix Isatidis Sales Volume Share Forecast by Region (2018-2025)
Figure United States Radix Isatidis Sales Volume Share Forecast by Region in 2025
Table Research Programs/Design for This Report
Figure Bottom-up and Top-down Approaches for This Report
Figure Data Triangulation
Table Key Data Information from Secondary Sources
Table Key Data Information from Primary Sources