COVID-19 Global & USA Champagne Market Research by Company, Type & Application 2015-2026
SUMMARY
Champagne is a variety of sparkling (or carbonated) wine produced in the Champagne region of France. Champagne is typically produced from a few specific varieties of grapes, including Pinot noir, Chardonnay and Pinot Meunier. Although these grapes are not all white, champagne is typically a white wine due to extraction methods that minimize contact between the juice and skin.Use of the Title “Champagne”Most countries restrict the use of the term Champagne to only those sparkling wines produced in the Champagne region of France. In Europe, this is enforced by the European Union under the Protected Designation of Origin status. Because of this, sparkling wines from other European countries are sold under other names such as Prosecco (Italy), Cava (Spain), Sekt (Germany and Austria), and Spumante or Asti Spumante (Italy).The United States does not fully restrict the use of the word Champagne, and allows some domestic producers to use the title on their label. Only those domestic producers who used the title “Champagne” prior to 2006 are allowed to continue its use, provided it is accompanied by the listing of the wine’s actual origin. Most other domestic sparkling wines will be simply labeled as “sparkling wine.
HeyReport estimates that the Champagne market size will grow from xxx Million USD in 2020 to xxxx Million USD by 2025, and with a CAGR of xx%. The base year considered for this report is 2019, and the market forecast is projected from 2021 to 2025.
In this report, HeyReport discusses the Global & USA industrial policies, economic environment, and the impact of covid-19 on the Champagneindustry and its cost structure. Besides, this report covers the basic market dynamics, market size and companies competition data. In addition, the report also conducts basic market research on major product type, market end-use and regional trade.
Market Segment as follows:
Product Type Segmentation Includes
Section 1:
Product definition, type and application, Global & USA market overview;
Section 2:
Global & USA Market competition by company;
Section 3:
Global & USA sales revenue, volume and price by type;
Section 4:
Global & USA sales revenue, volume and price by application;
Section 5:
USA export and import;
Section 6:
Company information, business overview, sales data and product specifications;
Section 7:
Industry chain and raw materials;
Section 8:
Industrial policies & economic environment
Section 9:
Conclusion.
For any other requirements, please feel free to contact HeyReport for customized contents.
Champagne is a variety of sparkling (or carbonated) wine produced in the Champagne region of France. Champagne is typically produced from a few specific varieties of grapes, including Pinot noir, Chardonnay and Pinot Meunier. Although these grapes are not all white, champagne is typically a white wine due to extraction methods that minimize contact between the juice and skin.Use of the Title “Champagne”Most countries restrict the use of the term Champagne to only those sparkling wines produced in the Champagne region of France. In Europe, this is enforced by the European Union under the Protected Designation of Origin status. Because of this, sparkling wines from other European countries are sold under other names such as Prosecco (Italy), Cava (Spain), Sekt (Germany and Austria), and Spumante or Asti Spumante (Italy).The United States does not fully restrict the use of the word Champagne, and allows some domestic producers to use the title on their label. Only those domestic producers who used the title “Champagne” prior to 2006 are allowed to continue its use, provided it is accompanied by the listing of the wine’s actual origin. Most other domestic sparkling wines will be simply labeled as “sparkling wine.
HeyReport estimates that the Champagne market size will grow from xxx Million USD in 2020 to xxxx Million USD by 2025, and with a CAGR of xx%. The base year considered for this report is 2019, and the market forecast is projected from 2021 to 2025.
In this report, HeyReport discusses the Global & USA industrial policies, economic environment, and the impact of covid-19 on the Champagneindustry and its cost structure. Besides, this report covers the basic market dynamics, market size and companies competition data. In addition, the report also conducts basic market research on major product type, market end-use and regional trade.
Market Segment as follows:
Product Type Segmentation Includes
- Oral medication
- External medicine
- The Middle-aged
- Children
- The Aged
- Pfizer
- Yangtze River
- Torrent Pharma
- J&J
- Chengdu Brilliant
- Novartis
- Qilu Pharmaceutical
- Hubei Hengan
- Xiuzheng Pharmaceutical
- Valeant Pharma
- TARO
- Perrigo
- Galderma
- Zhejiang Deyer
- Moberg
Section 1:
Product definition, type and application, Global & USA market overview;
Section 2:
Global & USA Market competition by company;
Section 3:
Global & USA sales revenue, volume and price by type;
Section 4:
Global & USA sales revenue, volume and price by application;
Section 5:
USA export and import;
Section 6:
Company information, business overview, sales data and product specifications;
Section 7:
Industry chain and raw materials;
Section 8:
Industrial policies & economic environment
Section 9:
Conclusion.
For any other requirements, please feel free to contact HeyReport for customized contents.
1 MARKET OVERVIEW
1.1 Market Segment Overview
1.1.1 Product Definition
1.1.2 Market by Type
1.1.2.1 Oral medication
1.1.2.2 External medicine
1.1.3 Market by Application
1.1.3.1 The Middle-aged
1.1.3.2 Children
1.1.3.3 The Aged
1.2 Global & USA Market Size & Forecast
1.2.1 Global Market (2015-2020 & 2021-2026)
1.2.2 USA Market (2015-2020 & 2021-2026)
2 GLOBAL & USA MARKET BY COMPANY
2.1 Global Sales by Company
2.2 USA Sales by Company
3 GLOBAL & USA MARKET BY TYPE
3.1 Global Sales by Product Type
3.2 USA Sales by Product Type
4 GLOBAL & USA MARKET BY APPLICATION
4.1 Global Sales by Application
4.2 USA Sales by Application
5 USA TRADE
5.1 Export Overview
5.2 Import Overview
6 KEY COMPANIES LIST
6.1 Pfizer
6.1.1 Company Information
6.1.2 Product Specifications
6.1.3 Business Data (2015-2020) (Capacity, Sales Revenue, Volume, Price, Cost and Margin)
6.2 Yangtze River
6.2.1 Company Information
6.2.2 Product Specifications
6.2.3 Business Data (2015-2020) (Capacity, Sales Revenue, Volume, Price, Cost and Margin)
6.3 Torrent Pharma
6.3.1 Company Information
6.3.2 Product Specifications
6.3.3 Business Data (2015-2020) (Capacity, Sales Revenue, Volume, Price, Cost and Margin)
6.4 J&J
6.4.1 Company Information
6.4.2 Product Specifications
6.4.3 Business Data (2015-2020) (Capacity, Sales Revenue, Volume, Price, Cost and Margin)
6.5 Chengdu Brilliant
6.5.1 Company Information
6.5.2 Product Specifications
6.5.3 Business Data (2015-2020) (Capacity, Sales Revenue, Volume, Price, Cost and Margin)
6.6 Novartis
6.6.1 Company Information
6.6.2 Product Specifications
6.6.3 Business Data (2015-2020) (Capacity, Sales Revenue, Volume, Price, Cost and Margin)
6.7 Qilu Pharmaceutical
6.7.1 Company Information
6.7.2 Product Specifications
6.7.3 Business Data (2015-2020) (Capacity, Sales Revenue, Volume, Price, Cost and Margin)
6.8 Hubei Hengan
6.8.1 Company Information
6.8.2 Product Specifications
6.8.3 Business Data (2015-2020) (Capacity, Sales Revenue, Volume, Price, Cost and Margin)
6.9 Xiuzheng Pharmaceutical
6.9.1 Company Information
6.9.2 Product Specifications
6.9.3 Business Data (2015-2020) (Capacity, Sales Revenue, Volume, Price, Cost and Margin)
6.10 Valeant Pharma
6.10.1 Company Information
6.10.2 Product Specifications
6.10.3 Business Data (2015-2020) (Capacity, Sales Revenue, Volume, Price, Cost and Margin)
6.11 TARO
6.11.1 Company Information
6.11.2 Product Specifications
6.11.3 Business Data (2015-2020) (Capacity, Sales Revenue, Volume, Price, Cost and Margin)
6.12 Perrigo
6.12.1 Company Information
6.12.2 Product Specifications
6.12.3 Business Data (2015-2020) ( Sales Revenue, Cost and Margin)
6.13 Galderma
6.13.1 Company Information
6.13.2 Product Specifications
6.13.3 Business Data (2015-2020) (Capacity, Sales Revenue, Volume, Price, Cost and Margin)
6.14 Zhejiang Deyer
6.14.1 Company Information
6.14.2 Product Specifications
6.14.3 Business Data (2015-2020) ( Sales Revenue, Cost and Margin)
6.15 Moberg
6.15.1 Company Information
6.15.2 Product Specifications
6.15.3 Business Data (2015-2020) ( Sales Revenue, Cost and Margin)
7 INDUSTRY UPSTREAM
7.1 Industry Chain
7.2 Upstream Overview
8 POLICIES & MARKET ENVIRONMENT
8.1 Policies
8.1.1 Major Regions Policies
8.1.2 Policies in USA
8.2 Market Environment
8.2.1 Porter's Five Forces
8.2.2 Impact of COVID-19
9 RESEARCH CONCLUSION
1.1 Market Segment Overview
1.1.1 Product Definition
1.1.2 Market by Type
1.1.2.1 Oral medication
1.1.2.2 External medicine
1.1.3 Market by Application
1.1.3.1 The Middle-aged
1.1.3.2 Children
1.1.3.3 The Aged
1.2 Global & USA Market Size & Forecast
1.2.1 Global Market (2015-2020 & 2021-2026)
1.2.2 USA Market (2015-2020 & 2021-2026)
2 GLOBAL & USA MARKET BY COMPANY
2.1 Global Sales by Company
2.2 USA Sales by Company
3 GLOBAL & USA MARKET BY TYPE
3.1 Global Sales by Product Type
3.2 USA Sales by Product Type
4 GLOBAL & USA MARKET BY APPLICATION
4.1 Global Sales by Application
4.2 USA Sales by Application
5 USA TRADE
5.1 Export Overview
5.2 Import Overview
6 KEY COMPANIES LIST
6.1 Pfizer
6.1.1 Company Information
6.1.2 Product Specifications
6.1.3 Business Data (2015-2020) (Capacity, Sales Revenue, Volume, Price, Cost and Margin)
6.2 Yangtze River
6.2.1 Company Information
6.2.2 Product Specifications
6.2.3 Business Data (2015-2020) (Capacity, Sales Revenue, Volume, Price, Cost and Margin)
6.3 Torrent Pharma
6.3.1 Company Information
6.3.2 Product Specifications
6.3.3 Business Data (2015-2020) (Capacity, Sales Revenue, Volume, Price, Cost and Margin)
6.4 J&J
6.4.1 Company Information
6.4.2 Product Specifications
6.4.3 Business Data (2015-2020) (Capacity, Sales Revenue, Volume, Price, Cost and Margin)
6.5 Chengdu Brilliant
6.5.1 Company Information
6.5.2 Product Specifications
6.5.3 Business Data (2015-2020) (Capacity, Sales Revenue, Volume, Price, Cost and Margin)
6.6 Novartis
6.6.1 Company Information
6.6.2 Product Specifications
6.6.3 Business Data (2015-2020) (Capacity, Sales Revenue, Volume, Price, Cost and Margin)
6.7 Qilu Pharmaceutical
6.7.1 Company Information
6.7.2 Product Specifications
6.7.3 Business Data (2015-2020) (Capacity, Sales Revenue, Volume, Price, Cost and Margin)
6.8 Hubei Hengan
6.8.1 Company Information
6.8.2 Product Specifications
6.8.3 Business Data (2015-2020) (Capacity, Sales Revenue, Volume, Price, Cost and Margin)
6.9 Xiuzheng Pharmaceutical
6.9.1 Company Information
6.9.2 Product Specifications
6.9.3 Business Data (2015-2020) (Capacity, Sales Revenue, Volume, Price, Cost and Margin)
6.10 Valeant Pharma
6.10.1 Company Information
6.10.2 Product Specifications
6.10.3 Business Data (2015-2020) (Capacity, Sales Revenue, Volume, Price, Cost and Margin)
6.11 TARO
6.11.1 Company Information
6.11.2 Product Specifications
6.11.3 Business Data (2015-2020) (Capacity, Sales Revenue, Volume, Price, Cost and Margin)
6.12 Perrigo
6.12.1 Company Information
6.12.2 Product Specifications
6.12.3 Business Data (2015-2020) ( Sales Revenue, Cost and Margin)
6.13 Galderma
6.13.1 Company Information
6.13.2 Product Specifications
6.13.3 Business Data (2015-2020) (Capacity, Sales Revenue, Volume, Price, Cost and Margin)
6.14 Zhejiang Deyer
6.14.1 Company Information
6.14.2 Product Specifications
6.14.3 Business Data (2015-2020) ( Sales Revenue, Cost and Margin)
6.15 Moberg
6.15.1 Company Information
6.15.2 Product Specifications
6.15.3 Business Data (2015-2020) ( Sales Revenue, Cost and Margin)
7 INDUSTRY UPSTREAM
7.1 Industry Chain
7.2 Upstream Overview
8 POLICIES & MARKET ENVIRONMENT
8.1 Policies
8.1.1 Major Regions Policies
8.1.2 Policies in USA
8.2 Market Environment
8.2.1 Porter's Five Forces
8.2.2 Impact of COVID-19
9 RESEARCH CONCLUSION
LIST OF TABLES
Table Global Market Sales Revenue by Company 2015-2020
Table Global Market Sales Revenue Share by Company 2015-2020
Table Global Market Sales Volume by Company 2015-2020
Table Global Market Sales Volume Share by Company 2015-2020
Table Global Price by Company 2015-2020
Table USA Market Sales Revenue by Company 2015-2020
Table USA Market Sales Revenue Share by Company 2015-2020
Table USA Market Sales Volume by Company 2015-2020
Table USA Market Sales Volume Share by Company 2015-2020
Table USA Price by Company 2015-2020
Table Global Market Sales Revenue by Type 2015-2020
Table Global Market Sales Revenue Share by Type 2015-2020
Table Global Market Sales Volume by Type 2015-2020
Table Global Market Sales Volume Share by Type 2015-2020
Table Global Price by Type 2015-2020
Table USA Market Sales Revenue by Type 2015-2020
Table USA Market Sales Revenue Share by Type 2015-2020
Table USA Market Sales Volume by Type 2015-2020
Table USA Market Sales Volume Share by Type 2015-2020
Table USA Price by Type 2015-2020
Table Global Market Sales Revenue by Application 2015-2020
Table Global Market Sales Revenue Share by Application 2015-2020
Table Global Market Sales Volume by Application 2015-2020
Table Global Market Sales Volume Share by Application 2015-2020
Table Global Price by Application 2015-2020
Table USA Market Sales Revenue by Application 2015-2020
Table USA Market Sales Revenue Share by Application 2015-2020
Table USA Market Sales Volume by Application 2015-2020
Table USA Market Sales Volume Share by Application 2015-2020
Table USA Price by Application 2015-2020
Table USA Export 2015-2020 (Million USD)
Table USA Export 2015-2020 (Volume)
Table USA Import 2015-2020 (Million USD)
Table USA Import 2015-2020 (Volume)
Table Sales Revenue, Salels Volume, Price, Cost and Margin of Pfizer
Table Sales Revenue, Salels Volume, Price, Cost and Margin of Yangtze River
Table Sales Revenue, Salels Volume, Price, Cost and Margin of Torrent Pharma
Table Sales Revenue, Salels Volume, Price, Cost and Margin of J&J
Table Sales Revenue, Salels Volume, Price, Cost and Margin of Chengdu Brilliant
Table Sales Revenue, Salels Volume, Price, Cost and Margin of Novartis
Table Sales Revenue, Salels Volume, Price, Cost and Margin of Qilu Pharmaceutical
Table Sales Revenue, Salels Volume, Price, Cost and Margin of Hubei Hengan
Table Sales Revenue, Salels Volume, Price, Cost and Margin of Xiuzheng Pharmaceutical
Table Sales Revenue, Salels Volume, Price, Cost and Margin of Valeant Pharma
Table Sales Revenue, Salels Volume, Price, Cost and Margin of TARO
Table Sales Revenue, Salels Volume, Price, Cost and Margin of Perrigo
Table Sales Revenue, Salels Volume, Price, Cost and Margin of Galderma
Table Sales Revenue, Salels Volume, Price, Cost and Margin of Zhejiang Deyer
Table Sales Revenue, Salels Volume, Price, Cost and Margin of Moberg
Table Global Market Sales Revenue by Company 2015-2020
Table Global Market Sales Revenue Share by Company 2015-2020
Table Global Market Sales Volume by Company 2015-2020
Table Global Market Sales Volume Share by Company 2015-2020
Table Global Price by Company 2015-2020
Table USA Market Sales Revenue by Company 2015-2020
Table USA Market Sales Revenue Share by Company 2015-2020
Table USA Market Sales Volume by Company 2015-2020
Table USA Market Sales Volume Share by Company 2015-2020
Table USA Price by Company 2015-2020
Table Global Market Sales Revenue by Type 2015-2020
Table Global Market Sales Revenue Share by Type 2015-2020
Table Global Market Sales Volume by Type 2015-2020
Table Global Market Sales Volume Share by Type 2015-2020
Table Global Price by Type 2015-2020
Table USA Market Sales Revenue by Type 2015-2020
Table USA Market Sales Revenue Share by Type 2015-2020
Table USA Market Sales Volume by Type 2015-2020
Table USA Market Sales Volume Share by Type 2015-2020
Table USA Price by Type 2015-2020
Table Global Market Sales Revenue by Application 2015-2020
Table Global Market Sales Revenue Share by Application 2015-2020
Table Global Market Sales Volume by Application 2015-2020
Table Global Market Sales Volume Share by Application 2015-2020
Table Global Price by Application 2015-2020
Table USA Market Sales Revenue by Application 2015-2020
Table USA Market Sales Revenue Share by Application 2015-2020
Table USA Market Sales Volume by Application 2015-2020
Table USA Market Sales Volume Share by Application 2015-2020
Table USA Price by Application 2015-2020
Table USA Export 2015-2020 (Million USD)
Table USA Export 2015-2020 (Volume)
Table USA Import 2015-2020 (Million USD)
Table USA Import 2015-2020 (Volume)
Table Sales Revenue, Salels Volume, Price, Cost and Margin of Pfizer
Table Sales Revenue, Salels Volume, Price, Cost and Margin of Yangtze River
Table Sales Revenue, Salels Volume, Price, Cost and Margin of Torrent Pharma
Table Sales Revenue, Salels Volume, Price, Cost and Margin of J&J
Table Sales Revenue, Salels Volume, Price, Cost and Margin of Chengdu Brilliant
Table Sales Revenue, Salels Volume, Price, Cost and Margin of Novartis
Table Sales Revenue, Salels Volume, Price, Cost and Margin of Qilu Pharmaceutical
Table Sales Revenue, Salels Volume, Price, Cost and Margin of Hubei Hengan
Table Sales Revenue, Salels Volume, Price, Cost and Margin of Xiuzheng Pharmaceutical
Table Sales Revenue, Salels Volume, Price, Cost and Margin of Valeant Pharma
Table Sales Revenue, Salels Volume, Price, Cost and Margin of TARO
Table Sales Revenue, Salels Volume, Price, Cost and Margin of Perrigo
Table Sales Revenue, Salels Volume, Price, Cost and Margin of Galderma
Table Sales Revenue, Salels Volume, Price, Cost and Margin of Zhejiang Deyer
Table Sales Revenue, Salels Volume, Price, Cost and Margin of Moberg
LIST OF FIGURES
Figure Oral medication Market Size and Growth 2015-2020 (Million USD)
Figure Oral medication Market Size and Growth 2015-2020 (Volume)
Figure Oral medication Market Forecast and Growth 2021-2026 (Million USD)
Figure Oral medication Market Forecast and Growth 2021-2026 (Volume)
Figure External medicine Market Size and Growth 2015-2020 (Million USD)
Figure External medicine Market Size and Growth 2015-2020 (Volume)
Figure External medicine Market Forecast and Growth 2021-2026 (Million USD)
Figure External medicine Market Forecast and Growth 2021-2026 (Volume)
Figure The Middle-aged Market Size and Growth 2015-2020 (Million USD)
Figure The Middle-aged Market Size and Growth 2015-2020 (Volume)
Figure The Middle-aged Market Forecast and Growth 2021-2026 (Million USD)
Figure The Middle-aged Market Forecast and Growth 2021-2026 (Volume)
Figure Children Market Size and Growth 2015-2020 (Million USD)
Figure Children Market Size and Growth 2015-2020 (Volume)
Figure Children Market Forecast and Growth 2021-2026 (Million USD)
Figure Children Market Forecast and Growth 2021-2026 (Volume)
Figure The Aged Market Size and Growth 2015-2020 (Million USD)
Figure The Aged Market Size and Growth 2015-2020 (Volume)
Figure The Aged Market Forecast and Growth 2021-2026 (Million USD)
Figure The Aged Market Forecast and Growth 2021-2026 (Volume)
Figure Global Champagne Market Size and Growth 2015-2020 (Million USD)
Figure Global Champagne Market Size and Growth 2015-2020 (Volume)
Figure Global Champagne Market Forecast and Growth 2021-2026 (Million USD)
Figure Global Champagne Market Forecast and Growth 2021-2026 (Volume)
Figure USA Champagne Market Size and Growth 2015-2020 (Million USD)
Figure USA Champagne Market Size and Growth 2015-2020 (Volume)
Figure USA Champagne Market Forecast and Growth 2021-2026 (Million USD)
Figure USA Champagne Market Forecast and Growth 2021-2026 (Volume)
Figure Global Market Sales Revenue Share by Company in 2019
Figure Global Market Sales Volume Share by Company in 2019
Figure USA Market Sales Revenue Share by Company in 2019
Figure USA Market Sales Volume Share by Company in 2019
Figure Global Market Sales Revenue Share by Type in 2019
Figure Global Market Sales Volume Share by Type in 2019
Figure USA Market Sales Revenue Share by Type in 2019
Figure USA Market Sales Volume Share by Type in 2019
Figure Global Market Sales Revenue Share by Application in 2019
Figure Global Market Sales Volume Share by Application in 2019
Figure USA Market Sales Revenue Share by Application in 2019
Figure USA Market Sales Volume Share by Application in 2019
Figure Industry Chain Overview
Figure Oral medication Market Size and Growth 2015-2020 (Million USD)
Figure Oral medication Market Size and Growth 2015-2020 (Volume)
Figure Oral medication Market Forecast and Growth 2021-2026 (Million USD)
Figure Oral medication Market Forecast and Growth 2021-2026 (Volume)
Figure External medicine Market Size and Growth 2015-2020 (Million USD)
Figure External medicine Market Size and Growth 2015-2020 (Volume)
Figure External medicine Market Forecast and Growth 2021-2026 (Million USD)
Figure External medicine Market Forecast and Growth 2021-2026 (Volume)
Figure The Middle-aged Market Size and Growth 2015-2020 (Million USD)
Figure The Middle-aged Market Size and Growth 2015-2020 (Volume)
Figure The Middle-aged Market Forecast and Growth 2021-2026 (Million USD)
Figure The Middle-aged Market Forecast and Growth 2021-2026 (Volume)
Figure Children Market Size and Growth 2015-2020 (Million USD)
Figure Children Market Size and Growth 2015-2020 (Volume)
Figure Children Market Forecast and Growth 2021-2026 (Million USD)
Figure Children Market Forecast and Growth 2021-2026 (Volume)
Figure The Aged Market Size and Growth 2015-2020 (Million USD)
Figure The Aged Market Size and Growth 2015-2020 (Volume)
Figure The Aged Market Forecast and Growth 2021-2026 (Million USD)
Figure The Aged Market Forecast and Growth 2021-2026 (Volume)
Figure Global Champagne Market Size and Growth 2015-2020 (Million USD)
Figure Global Champagne Market Size and Growth 2015-2020 (Volume)
Figure Global Champagne Market Forecast and Growth 2021-2026 (Million USD)
Figure Global Champagne Market Forecast and Growth 2021-2026 (Volume)
Figure USA Champagne Market Size and Growth 2015-2020 (Million USD)
Figure USA Champagne Market Size and Growth 2015-2020 (Volume)
Figure USA Champagne Market Forecast and Growth 2021-2026 (Million USD)
Figure USA Champagne Market Forecast and Growth 2021-2026 (Volume)
Figure Global Market Sales Revenue Share by Company in 2019
Figure Global Market Sales Volume Share by Company in 2019
Figure USA Market Sales Revenue Share by Company in 2019
Figure USA Market Sales Volume Share by Company in 2019
Figure Global Market Sales Revenue Share by Type in 2019
Figure Global Market Sales Volume Share by Type in 2019
Figure USA Market Sales Revenue Share by Type in 2019
Figure USA Market Sales Volume Share by Type in 2019
Figure Global Market Sales Revenue Share by Application in 2019
Figure Global Market Sales Volume Share by Application in 2019
Figure USA Market Sales Revenue Share by Application in 2019
Figure USA Market Sales Volume Share by Application in 2019
Figure Industry Chain Overview
