United States Power Analyzers Market Report 2017

January 2018 | 121 pages | ID: U299ED96377EN
QYResearch

Abstracts

In this report, the United States Power Analyzers market is valued at USD XX million in 2016 and is expected to reach USD XX million by the end of 2022, growing at a CAGR of XX% between 2016 and 2022.

Geographically, this report splits the United States market into seven regions:

• The West
• Southwest
• The Middle Atlantic
• New England
• The South
• The Midwest
• with sales (volume), revenue (value), market share and growth rate of Power Analyzers in these regions, from 2012 to 2022 (forecast).

United States Power Analyzers market competition by top manufacturers/players, with Power Analyzers sales volume, price, revenue (Million USD) and market share for each manufacturer/player; the top players including

• Algodue Elettronica (Italy)
• Anritsu (Japan)
• Audio Precision (USA)
• Canberra Industries (USA)
• CIRCUTOR (Spain)
• Copper Mountain Technologies (USA)
• Dadi Telecommunication Equipment Co., Ltd. (China)
• Dranetz (USA)
• Elcontrol (Italy)
• EXFO (Canada)
• FRER (Italy)
• Gossen Metrawatt (Germany)
• HIOKI E.E. CORPORATION (Japan)
• IME Spa (Italy)
• VIAVI Solutions JDSU (USA)
• Keysight Technologies (USA)
• LeCroy (USA)
• LUMEL (Poland)
• Newtons4th Ltd. (UK)
• OLIP SYSTEMS INC (UK)
• ORBIS TECNOLOGIA ELECTRICA (Spain)
• PROMAX Electronica (Spain)
• Rohde Schwarz (Germany)

On the basis of product, this report displays the production, revenue, price, market share and growth rate of each type, primarily split into

• Portable Power Analyzers
• Benchtop Power Analyzers

On the basis on the end users/applications, this report focuses on the status and outlook for major applications/end users, sales volume, market share and growth rate for each application, including

• Motor Energy Efficiency Evaluation
• New Energy
• Inverter Test
• Transformer Test
• Others

If you have any special requirements, please let us know and we will offer you the report as you want.

Contents

United States Power Analyzers Market Report 2017

1 POWER ANALYZERS OVERVIEW

1.1 Product Overview and Scope of Power Analyzers
1.2 Classification of Power Analyzers by Product Category
  1.2.1 United States Power Analyzers Market Size (Sales Volume) Comparison by Type (2012-2022)
  1.2.2 United States Power Analyzers Market Size (Sales Volume) Market Share by Type (Product Category) in 2016
  1.2.3 Portable Power Analyzers
  1.2.4 Benchtop Power Analyzers
1.3 United States Power Analyzers Market by Application/End Users
  1.3.1 United States Power Analyzers Market Size (Consumption) and Market Share Comparison by Application (2012-2022)
  1.3.2 Motor Energy Efficiency Evaluation
  1.3.3 New Energy
  1.3.4 Inverter Test
  1.3.5 Transformer Test
  1.3.6 Others
1.4 United States Power Analyzers Market by Region
  1.4.1 United States Power Analyzers Market Size (Value) Comparison by Region (2012-2022)
  1.4.2 The West Power Analyzers Status and Prospect (2012-2022)
  1.4.3 Southwest Power Analyzers Status and Prospect (2012-2022)
  1.4.4 The Middle Atlantic Power Analyzers Status and Prospect (2012-2022)
  1.4.5 New England Power Analyzers Status and Prospect (2012-2022)
  1.4.6 The South Power Analyzers Status and Prospect (2012-2022)
  1.4.7 The Midwest Power Analyzers Status and Prospect (2012-2022)
1.5 United States Market Size (Value and Volume) of Power Analyzers (2012-2022)
  1.5.1 United States Power Analyzers Sales and Growth Rate (2012-2022)
  1.5.2 United States Power Analyzers Revenue and Growth Rate (2012-2022)

2 UNITED STATES POWER ANALYZERS MARKET COMPETITION BY PLAYERS/SUPPLIERS

2.1 United States Power Analyzers Sales and Market Share of Key Players/Suppliers (2012-2017)
2.2 United States Power Analyzers Revenue and Share by Players/Suppliers (2012-2017)
2.3 United States Power Analyzers Average Price by Players/Suppliers (2012-2017)
2.4 United States Power Analyzers Market Competitive Situation and Trends
  2.4.1 United States Power Analyzers Market Concentration Rate
  2.4.2 United States Power Analyzers Market Share of Top 3 and Top 5 Players/Suppliers
  2.4.3 Mergers & Acquisitions, Expansion in United States Market
2.5 United States Players/Suppliers Power Analyzers Manufacturing Base Distribution, Sales Area, Product Type

3 UNITED STATES POWER ANALYZERS SALES (VOLUME) AND REVENUE (VALUE) BY REGION (2012-2017)

3.1 United States Power Analyzers Sales and Market Share by Region (2012-2017)
3.2 United States Power Analyzers Revenue and Market Share by Region (2012-2017)
3.3 United States Power Analyzers Price by Region (2012-2017)

4 UNITED STATES POWER ANALYZERS SALES (VOLUME) AND REVENUE (VALUE) BY TYPE (PRODUCT CATEGORY) (2012-2017)

4.1 United States Power Analyzers Sales and Market Share by Type (Product Category) (2012-2017)
4.2 United States Power Analyzers Revenue and Market Share by Type (2012-2017)
4.3 United States Power Analyzers Price by Type (2012-2017)
4.4 United States Power Analyzers Sales Growth Rate by Type (2012-2017)

5 UNITED STATES POWER ANALYZERS SALES (VOLUME) BY APPLICATION (2012-2017)

5.1 United States Power Analyzers Sales and Market Share by Application (2012-2017)
5.2 United States Power Analyzers Sales Growth Rate by Application (2012-2017)
5.3 Market Drivers and Opportunities

6 UNITED STATES POWER ANALYZERS PLAYERS/SUPPLIERS PROFILES AND SALES DATA

6.1 Algodue Elettronica (Italy)
  6.1.1 Company Basic Information, Manufacturing Base and Competitors
  6.1.2 Power Analyzers Product Category, Application and Specification
    6.1.2.1 Product A
    6.1.2.2 Product B
  6.1.3 Algodue Elettronica (Italy) Power Analyzers Sales, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2012-2017)
  6.1.4 Main Business/Business Overview
6.2 Anritsu (Japan)
  6.2.2 Power Analyzers Product Category, Application and Specification
    6.2.2.1 Product A
    6.2.2.2 Product B
  6.2.3 Anritsu (Japan) Power Analyzers Sales, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2012-2017)
  6.2.4 Main Business/Business Overview
6.3 Audio Precision (USA)
  6.3.2 Power Analyzers Product Category, Application and Specification
    6.3.2.1 Product A
    6.3.2.2 Product B
  6.3.3 Audio Precision (USA) Power Analyzers Sales, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2012-2017)
  6.3.4 Main Business/Business Overview
6.4 Canberra Industries (USA)
  6.4.2 Power Analyzers Product Category, Application and Specification
    6.4.2.1 Product A
    6.4.2.2 Product B
  6.4.3 Canberra Industries (USA) Power Analyzers Sales, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2012-2017)
  6.4.4 Main Business/Business Overview
6.5 CIRCUTOR (Spain)
  6.5.2 Power Analyzers Product Category, Application and Specification
    6.5.2.1 Product A
    6.5.2.2 Product B
  6.5.3 CIRCUTOR (Spain) Power Analyzers Sales, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2012-2017)
  6.5.4 Main Business/Business Overview
6.6 Copper Mountain Technologies (USA)
  6.6.2 Power Analyzers Product Category, Application and Specification
    6.6.2.1 Product A
    6.6.2.2 Product B
  6.6.3 Copper Mountain Technologies (USA) Power Analyzers Sales, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2012-2017)
  6.6.4 Main Business/Business Overview
6.7 Dadi Telecommunication Equipment Co., Ltd. (China)
  6.7.2 Power Analyzers Product Category, Application and Specification
    6.7.2.1 Product A
    6.7.2.2 Product B
  6.7.3 Dadi Telecommunication Equipment Co., Ltd. (China) Power Analyzers Sales, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2012-2017)
  6.7.4 Main Business/Business Overview
6.8 Dranetz (USA)
  6.8.2 Power Analyzers Product Category, Application and Specification
    6.8.2.1 Product A
    6.8.2.2 Product B
  6.8.3 Dranetz (USA) Power Analyzers Sales, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2012-2017)
  6.8.4 Main Business/Business Overview
6.9 Elcontrol (Italy)
  6.9.2 Power Analyzers Product Category, Application and Specification
    6.9.2.1 Product A
    6.9.2.2 Product B
  6.9.3 Elcontrol (Italy) Power Analyzers Sales, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2012-2017)
  6.9.4 Main Business/Business Overview
6.10 EXFO (Canada)
  6.10.2 Power Analyzers Product Category, Application and Specification
    6.10.2.1 Product A
    6.10.2.2 Product B
  6.10.3 EXFO (Canada) Power Analyzers Sales, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2012-2017)
  6.10.4 Main Business/Business Overview
6.11 FRER (Italy)
6.12 Gossen Metrawatt (Germany)
6.13 HIOKI E.E. CORPORATION (Japan)
6.14 IME Spa (Italy)
6.15 VIAVI Solutions JDSU (USA)
6.16 Keysight Technologies (USA)
6.17 LeCroy (USA)
6.18 LUMEL (Poland)
6.19 Newtons4th Ltd. (UK)
6.20 OLIP SYSTEMS INC (UK)
6.21 ORBIS TECNOLOGIA ELECTRICA (Spain)
6.22 PROMAX Electronica (Spain)
6.23 Rohde Schwarz (Germany)

7 POWER ANALYZERS MANUFACTURING COST ANALYSIS

7.1 Power Analyzers Key Raw Materials Analysis
  7.1.1 Key Raw Materials
  7.1.2 Price Trend of Key Raw Materials
  7.1.3 Key Suppliers of Raw Materials
  7.1.4 Market Concentration Rate of Raw Materials
7.2 Proportion of Manufacturing Cost Structure
  7.2.1 Raw Materials
  7.2.2 Labor Cost
  7.2.3 Manufacturing Expenses
7.3 Manufacturing Process Analysis of Power Analyzers

8 INDUSTRIAL CHAIN, SOURCING STRATEGY AND DOWNSTREAM BUYERS

8.1 Power Analyzers Industrial Chain Analysis
8.2 Upstream Raw Materials Sourcing
8.3 Raw Materials Sources of Power Analyzers Major Manufacturers in 2016
8.4 Downstream Buyers

9 MARKETING STRATEGY ANALYSIS, DISTRIBUTORS/TRADERS

9.1 Marketing Channel
  9.1.1 Direct Marketing
  9.1.2 Indirect Marketing
  9.1.3 Marketing Channel Development Trend
9.2 Market Positioning
  9.2.1 Pricing Strategy
  9.2.2 Brand Strategy
  9.2.3 Target Client
9.3 Distributors/Traders List

10 MARKET EFFECT FACTORS ANALYSIS

10.1 Technology Progress/Risk
  10.1.1 Substitutes Threat
  10.1.2 Technology Progress in Related Industry
10.2 Consumer Needs/Customer Preference Change
10.3 Economic/Political Environmental Change

11 UNITED STATES POWER ANALYZERS MARKET SIZE (VALUE AND VOLUME) FORECAST (2017-2022)

11.1 United States Power Analyzers Sales Volume, Revenue Forecast (2017-2022)
11.2 United States Power Analyzers Sales Volume Forecast by Type (2017-2022)
11.3 United States Power Analyzers Sales Volume Forecast by Application (2017-2022)
11.4 United States Power Analyzers Sales Volume Forecast by Region (2017-2022)

12 RESEARCH FINDINGS AND CONCLUSION

13 APPENDIX

13.1 Methodology/Research Approach
  13.1.1 Research Programs/Design
  13.1.2 Market Size Estimation
  13.1.3 Market Breakdown and Data Triangulation
13.2 Data Source
  13.2.1 Secondary Sources
  13.2.2 Primary Sources
13.3 Disclaimer


The report requires updating with new data and is sent in 2-3 business days after order is placed.

List Of Tables

LIST OF TABLES AND FIGURES

Figure Product Picture of Power Analyzers
Figure United States Power Analyzers Market Size (Units) by Type (2012-2022)
Figure United States Power Analyzers Sales Volume Market Share by Type (Product Category) in 2016
Figure Portable Power Analyzers Product Picture
Figure Benchtop Power Analyzers Product Picture
Figure United States Power Analyzers Market Size (Units) by Application (2012-2022)
Figure United States Sales Market Share of Power Analyzers by Application in 2016
Figure Motor Energy Efficiency Evaluation Examples
Table Key Downstream Customer in Motor Energy Efficiency Evaluation
Figure New Energy Examples
Table Key Downstream Customer in New Energy
Figure Inverter Test Examples
Table Key Downstream Customer in Inverter Test
Figure Transformer Test Examples
Table Key Downstream Customer in Transformer Test
Figure Others Examples
Table Key Downstream Customer in Others
Figure United States Power Analyzers Market Size (Million USD) by Region (2012-2022)
Figure The West Power Analyzers Revenue (Million USD) and Growth Rate (2012-2022)
Figure Southwest Power Analyzers Revenue (Million USD) and Growth Rate (2012-2022)
Figure The Middle Atlantic Power Analyzers Revenue (Million USD) and Growth Rate (2012-2022)
Figure New England Power Analyzers Revenue (Million USD) and Growth Rate (2012-2022)
Figure The South of US Power Analyzers Revenue (Million USD) and Growth Rate (2012-2022)
Figure The Midwest Power Analyzers Revenue (Million USD) and Growth Rate (2012-2022)
Figure United States Power Analyzers Sales (Units) and Growth Rate (2012-2022)
Figure United States Power Analyzers Revenue (Million USD) and Growth Rate (2012-2022)
Figure United States Power Analyzers Market Major Players Product Sales Volume (Units) (2012-2017)
Table United States Power Analyzers Sales (Units) of Key Players/Suppliers (2012-2017)
Table United States Power Analyzers Sales Share by Players/Suppliers (2012-2017)
Figure 2016 United States Power Analyzers Sales Share by Players/Suppliers
Figure 2017 United States Power Analyzers Sales Share by Players/Suppliers
Figure United States Power Analyzers Market Major Players Product Revenue (Million USD) (2012-2017)
Table United States Power Analyzers Revenue (Million USD) by Players/Suppliers (2012-2017)
Table United States Power Analyzers Revenue Share by Players/Suppliers (2012-2017)
Figure 2016 United States Power Analyzers Revenue Share by Players/Suppliers
Figure 2017 United States Power Analyzers Revenue Share by Players/Suppliers
Table United States Market Power Analyzers Average Price (K USD/Unit) of Key Players/Suppliers (2012-2017)
Figure United States Market Power Analyzers Average Price (K USD/Unit) of Key Players/Suppliers in 2016
Figure United States Power Analyzers Market Share of Top 3 Players/Suppliers
Figure United States Power Analyzers Market Share of Top 5 Players/Suppliers
Table United States Players/Suppliers Power Analyzers Manufacturing Base Distribution and Sales Area
Table United States Players/Suppliers Power Analyzers Product Category
Table United States Power Analyzers Sales (Units) by Region (2012-2017)
Table United States Power Analyzers Sales Share by Region (2012-2017)
Figure United States Power Analyzers Sales Share by Region (2012-2017)
Figure United States Power Analyzers Sales Market Share by Region in 2016
Table United States Power Analyzers Revenue (Million USD) and Market Share by Region (2012-2017)
Table United States Power Analyzers Revenue Share by Region (2012-2017)
Figure United States Power Analyzers Revenue Market Share by Region (2012-2017)
Figure United States Power Analyzers Revenue Market Share by Region in 2016
Table United States Power Analyzers Price (K USD/Unit) by Region (2012-2017)
Table United States Power Analyzers Sales (Units) by Type (2012-2017)
Table United States Power Analyzers Sales Share by Type (2012-2017)
Figure United States Power Analyzers Sales Share by Type (2012-2017)
Figure United States Power Analyzers Sales Market Share by Type in 2016
Table United States Power Analyzers Revenue (Million USD) and Market Share by Type (2012-2017)
Table United States Power Analyzers Revenue Share by Type (2012-2017)
Figure Revenue Market Share of Power Analyzers by Type (2012-2017)
Figure Revenue Market Share of Power Analyzers by Type in 2016
Table United States Power Analyzers Price (K USD/Unit) by Types (2012-2017)
Figure United States Power Analyzers Sales Growth Rate by Type (2012-2017)
Table United States Power Analyzers Sales (Units) by Application (2012-2017)
Table United States Power Analyzers Sales Market Share by Application (2012-2017)
Figure United States Power Analyzers Sales Market Share by Application (2012-2017)
Figure United States Power Analyzers Sales Market Share by Application in 2016
Table United States Power Analyzers Sales Growth Rate by Application (2012-2017)
Figure United States Power Analyzers Sales Growth Rate by Application (2012-2017)
Table Algodue Elettronica (Italy) Basic Information List
Table Algodue Elettronica (Italy) Power Analyzers Sales (Units), Revenue (Million USD), Price (K USD/Unit) and Gross Margin (2012-2017)
Figure Algodue Elettronica (Italy) Power Analyzers Sales Growth Rate (2012-2017)
Figure Algodue Elettronica (Italy) Power Analyzers Sales Market Share in United States (2012-2017)
Figure Algodue Elettronica (Italy) Power Analyzers Revenue Market Share in United States (2012-2017)
Table Anritsu (Japan) Basic Information List
Table Anritsu (Japan) Power Analyzers Sales (Units), Revenue (Million USD), Price (K USD/Unit) and Gross Margin (2012-2017)
Figure Anritsu (Japan) Power Analyzers Sales Growth Rate (2012-2017)
Figure Anritsu (Japan) Power Analyzers Sales Market Share in United States (2012-2017)
Figure Anritsu (Japan) Power Analyzers Revenue Market Share in United States (2012-2017)
Table Audio Precision (USA) Basic Information List
Table Audio Precision (USA) Power Analyzers Sales (Units), Revenue (Million USD), Price (K USD/Unit) and Gross Margin (2012-2017)
Figure Audio Precision (USA) Power Analyzers Sales Growth Rate (2012-2017)
Figure Audio Precision (USA) Power Analyzers Sales Market Share in United States (2012-2017)
Figure Audio Precision (USA) Power Analyzers Revenue Market Share in United States (2012-2017)
Table Canberra Industries (USA) Basic Information List
Table Canberra Industries (USA) Power Analyzers Sales (Units), Revenue (Million USD), Price (K USD/Unit) and Gross Margin (2012-2017)
Figure Canberra Industries (USA) Power Analyzers Sales Growth Rate (2012-2017)
Figure Canberra Industries (USA) Power Analyzers Sales Market Share in United States (2012-2017)
Figure Canberra Industries (USA) Power Analyzers Revenue Market Share in United States (2012-2017)
Table CIRCUTOR (Spain) Basic Information List
Table CIRCUTOR (Spain) Power Analyzers Sales (Units), Revenue (Million USD), Price (K USD/Unit) and Gross Margin (2012-2017)
Figure CIRCUTOR (Spain) Power Analyzers Sales Growth Rate (2012-2017)
Figure CIRCUTOR (Spain) Power Analyzers Sales Market Share in United States (2012-2017)
Figure CIRCUTOR (Spain) Power Analyzers Revenue Market Share in United States (2012-2017)
Table Copper Mountain Technologies (USA) Basic Information List
Table Copper Mountain Technologies (USA) Power Analyzers Sales (Units), Revenue (Million USD), Price (K USD/Unit) and Gross Margin (2012-2017)
Figure Copper Mountain Technologies (USA) Power Analyzers Sales Growth Rate (2012-2017)
Figure Copper Mountain Technologies (USA) Power Analyzers Sales Market Share in United States (2012-2017)
Figure Copper Mountain Technologies (USA) Power Analyzers Revenue Market Share in United States (2012-2017)
Table Dadi Telecommunication Equipment Co., Ltd. (China) Basic Information List
Table Dadi Telecommunication Equipment Co., Ltd. (China) Power Analyzers Sales (Units), Revenue (Million USD), Price (K USD/Unit) and Gross Margin (2012-2017)
Figure Dadi Telecommunication Equipment Co., Ltd. (China) Power Analyzers Sales Growth Rate (2012-2017)
Figure Dadi Telecommunication Equipment Co., Ltd. (China) Power Analyzers Sales Market Share in United States (2012-2017)
Figure Dadi Telecommunication Equipment Co., Ltd. (China) Power Analyzers Revenue Market Share in United States (2012-2017)
Table Dranetz (USA) Basic Information List
Table Dranetz (USA) Power Analyzers Sales (Units), Revenue (Million USD), Price (K USD/Unit) and Gross Margin (2012-2017)
Figure Dranetz (USA) Power Analyzers Sales Growth Rate (2012-2017)
Figure Dranetz (USA) Power Analyzers Sales Market Share in United States (2012-2017)
Figure Dranetz (USA) Power Analyzers Revenue Market Share in United States (2012-2017)
Table Elcontrol (Italy) Basic Information List
Table Elcontrol (Italy) Power Analyzers Sales (Units), Revenue (Million USD), Price (K USD/Unit) and Gross Margin (2012-2017)
Figure Elcontrol (Italy) Power Analyzers Sales Growth Rate (2012-2017)
Figure Elcontrol (Italy) Power Analyzers Sales Market Share in United States (2012-2017)
Figure Elcontrol (Italy) Power Analyzers Revenue Market Share in United States (2012-2017)
Table EXFO (Canada) Basic Information List
Table EXFO (Canada) Power Analyzers Sales (Units), Revenue (Million USD), Price (K USD/Unit) and Gross Margin (2012-2017)
Figure EXFO (Canada) Power Analyzers Sales Growth Rate (2012-2017)
Figure EXFO (Canada) Power Analyzers Sales Market Share in United States (2012-2017)
Figure EXFO (Canada) Power Analyzers Revenue Market Share in United States (2012-2017)
Table FRER (Italy) Basic Information List
Table Gossen Metrawatt (Germany) Basic Information List
Table HIOKI E.E. CORPORATION (Japan) Basic Information List
Table IME Spa (Italy) Basic Information List
Table VIAVI Solutions JDSU (USA) Basic Information List
Table Keysight Technologies (USA) Basic Information List
Table LeCroy (USA) Basic Information List
Table LUMEL (Poland) Basic Information List
Table Newtons4th Ltd. (UK) Basic Information List
Table OLIP SYSTEMS INC (UK) Basic Information List
Table ORBIS TECNOLOGIA ELECTRICA (Spain) Basic Information List
Table PROMAX Electronica (Spain) Basic Information List
Table Rohde Schwarz (Germany) Basic Information List
Table Production Base and Market Concentration Rate of Raw Material
Figure Price Trend of Key Raw Materials
Table Key Suppliers of Raw Materials
Figure Manufacturing Cost Structure of Power Analyzers
Figure Manufacturing Process Analysis of Power Analyzers
Figure Power Analyzers Industrial Chain Analysis
Table Raw Materials Sources of Power Analyzers Major Players/Suppliers in 2016
Table Major Buyers of Power Analyzers
Table Distributors/Traders List
Figure United States Power Analyzers Sales Volume (Units) and Growth Rate Forecast (2017-2022)
Figure United States Power Analyzers Revenue (Million USD) and Growth Rate Forecast (2017-2022)
Figure United States Power Analyzers Price (K USD/Unit) Trend Forecast (2017-2022)
Table United States Power Analyzers Sales Volume (Units) Forecast by Type (2017-2022)
Figure United States Power Analyzers Sales Volume (Units) Forecast by Type (2017-2022)
Figure United States Power Analyzers Sales Volume (Units) Forecast by Type in 2022
Table United States Power Analyzers Sales Volume (Units) Forecast by Application (2017-2022)
Figure United States Power Analyzers Sales Volume (Units) Forecast by Application (2017-2022)
Figure United States Power Analyzers Sales Volume (Units) Forecast by Application in 2022
Table United States Power Analyzers Sales Volume (Units) Forecast by Region (2017-2022)
Table United States Power Analyzers Sales Volume Share Forecast by Region (2017-2022)
Figure United States Power Analyzers Sales Volume Share Forecast by Region (2017-2022)
Figure United States Power Analyzers Sales Volume Share Forecast by Region in 2022
Table Research Programs/Design for This Report
Figure Bottom-up and Top-down Approaches for This Report
Figure Data Triangulation
Table Key Data Information from Secondary Sources
Table Key Data Information from Primary Sources