Global PVD Vacuum Coating Machine Market Professional Survey Report 2017

August 2017 | 107 pages | ID: G4C9EB8C142EN
QYResearch

Abstracts

This report studies PVD Vacuum Coating Machine in Global market, especially in North America, China, Europe, Southeast Asia, Japan and India, with production, revenue, consumption, import and export in these regions, from 2012 to 2016, and forecast to 2022.

This report focuses on top manufacturers in global market, with production, price, revenue and market share for each manufacturer, covering

• Alliance Concept
• DESUN Industries
• ISYS Inc
• Impact Coatings
• Buhler Leybold Optics
• Platit
• Satisloh
• SCHMID Group
• TST Taiwan Supercritical Technology
• VTD Vakuumtechnik Dresden GmbH

On the basis of product, this report displays the production, revenue, price, market share and growth rate of each type, primarily split into

• Evaporation Type
• Sputtering Type

By Application, the market can be split into

• Automotive
• Electronics
• Packaging
• Optical & Glass
• Others

By Regions, this report covers (we can add the regions/countries as you want)

• North America
• China
• Europe
• Southeast Asia
• Japan
• India

If you have any special requirements, please let us know and we will offer you the report as you want.

Contents

Global PVD Vacuum Coating Machine Market Professional Survey Report 2017

1 INDUSTRY OVERVIEW OF PVD VACUUM COATING MACHINE

1.1 Definition and Specifications of PVD Vacuum Coating Machine
  1.1.1 Definition of PVD Vacuum Coating Machine
  1.1.2 Specifications of PVD Vacuum Coating Machine
1.2 Classification of PVD Vacuum Coating Machine
  1.2.1 Evaporation Type
  1.2.2 Sputtering Type
1.3 Applications of PVD Vacuum Coating Machine
  1.3.1 Automotive
  1.3.2 Electronics
  1.3.3 Packaging
  1.3.4 Optical & Glass
  1.3.5 Others
1.4 Market Segment by Regions
  1.4.1 North America
  1.4.2 China
  1.4.3 Europe
  1.4.4 Southeast Asia
  1.4.5 Japan
  1.4.6 India

2 MANUFACTURING COST STRUCTURE ANALYSIS OF PVD VACUUM COATING MACHINE

2.1 Raw Material and Suppliers
2.2 Manufacturing Cost Structure Analysis of PVD Vacuum Coating Machine
2.3 Manufacturing Process Analysis of PVD Vacuum Coating Machine
2.4 Industry Chain Structure of PVD Vacuum Coating Machine

3 TECHNICAL DATA AND MANUFACTURING PLANTS ANALYSIS OF PVD VACUUM COATING MACHINE

3.1 Capacity and Commercial Production Date of Global PVD Vacuum Coating Machine Major Manufacturers in 2016
3.2 Manufacturing Plants Distribution of Global PVD Vacuum Coating Machine Major Manufacturers in 2016
3.3 R&D Status and Technology Source of Global PVD Vacuum Coating Machine Major Manufacturers in 2016
3.4 Raw Materials Sources Analysis of Global PVD Vacuum Coating Machine Major Manufacturers in 2016

4 GLOBAL PVD VACUUM COATING MACHINE OVERALL MARKET OVERVIEW

4.1 2012-2017E Overall Market Analysis
4.2 Capacity Analysis
  4.2.1 2012-2017E Global PVD Vacuum Coating Machine Capacity and Growth Rate Analysis
  4.2.2 2016 PVD Vacuum Coating Machine Capacity Analysis (Company Segment)
4.3 Sales Analysis
  4.3.1 2012-2017E Global PVD Vacuum Coating Machine Sales and Growth Rate Analysis
  4.3.2 2016 PVD Vacuum Coating Machine Sales Analysis (Company Segment)
4.4 Sales Price Analysis
  4.4.1 2012-2017E Global PVD Vacuum Coating Machine Sales Price
  4.4.2 2016 PVD Vacuum Coating Machine Sales Price Analysis (Company Segment)

5 PVD VACUUM COATING MACHINE REGIONAL MARKET ANALYSIS

5.1 North America PVD Vacuum Coating Machine Market Analysis
  5.1.1 North America PVD Vacuum Coating Machine Market Overview
  5.1.2 North America 2012-2017E PVD Vacuum Coating Machine Local Supply, Import, Export, Local Consumption Analysis
  5.1.3 North America 2012-2017E PVD Vacuum Coating Machine Sales Price Analysis
  5.1.4 North America 2016 PVD Vacuum Coating Machine Market Share Analysis
5.2 China PVD Vacuum Coating Machine Market Analysis
  5.2.1 China PVD Vacuum Coating Machine Market Overview
  5.2.2 China 2012-2017E PVD Vacuum Coating Machine Local Supply, Import, Export, Local Consumption Analysis
  5.2.3 China 2012-2017E PVD Vacuum Coating Machine Sales Price Analysis
  5.2.4 China 2016 PVD Vacuum Coating Machine Market Share Analysis
5.3 Europe PVD Vacuum Coating Machine Market Analysis
  5.3.1 Europe PVD Vacuum Coating Machine Market Overview
  5.3.2 Europe 2012-2017E PVD Vacuum Coating Machine Local Supply, Import, Export, Local Consumption Analysis
  5.3.3 Europe 2012-2017E PVD Vacuum Coating Machine Sales Price Analysis
  5.3.4 Europe 2016 PVD Vacuum Coating Machine Market Share Analysis
5.4 Southeast Asia PVD Vacuum Coating Machine Market Analysis
  5.4.1 Southeast Asia PVD Vacuum Coating Machine Market Overview
  5.4.2 Southeast Asia 2012-2017E PVD Vacuum Coating Machine Local Supply, Import, Export, Local Consumption Analysis
  5.4.3 Southeast Asia 2012-2017E PVD Vacuum Coating Machine Sales Price Analysis
  5.4.4 Southeast Asia 2016 PVD Vacuum Coating Machine Market Share Analysis
5.5 Japan PVD Vacuum Coating Machine Market Analysis
  5.5.1 Japan PVD Vacuum Coating Machine Market Overview
  5.5.2 Japan 2012-2017E PVD Vacuum Coating Machine Local Supply, Import, Export, Local Consumption Analysis
  5.5.3 Japan 2012-2017E PVD Vacuum Coating Machine Sales Price Analysis
  5.5.4 Japan 2016 PVD Vacuum Coating Machine Market Share Analysis
5.6 India PVD Vacuum Coating Machine Market Analysis
  5.6.1 India PVD Vacuum Coating Machine Market Overview
  5.6.2 India 2012-2017E PVD Vacuum Coating Machine Local Supply, Import, Export, Local Consumption Analysis
  5.6.3 India 2012-2017E PVD Vacuum Coating Machine Sales Price Analysis
  5.6.4 India 2016 PVD Vacuum Coating Machine Market Share Analysis

6 GLOBAL 2012-2017E PVD VACUUM COATING MACHINE SEGMENT MARKET ANALYSIS (BY TYPE)

6.1 Global 2012-2017E PVD Vacuum Coating Machine Sales by Type
6.2 Different Types of PVD Vacuum Coating Machine Product Interview Price Analysis
6.3 Different Types of PVD Vacuum Coating Machine Product Driving Factors Analysis
  6.3.1 Evaporation Type of PVD Vacuum Coating Machine Growth Driving Factor Analysis
  6.3.2 Sputtering Type of PVD Vacuum Coating Machine Growth Driving Factor Analysis

7 GLOBAL 2012-2017E PVD VACUUM COATING MACHINE SEGMENT MARKET ANALYSIS (BY APPLICATION)

7.1 Global 2012-2017E PVD Vacuum Coating Machine Consumption by Application
7.2 Different Application of PVD Vacuum Coating Machine Product Interview Price Analysis
7.3 Different Application of PVD Vacuum Coating Machine Product Driving Factors Analysis
  7.3.1 Automotive of PVD Vacuum Coating Machine Growth Driving Factor Analysis
  7.3.2 Electronics of PVD Vacuum Coating Machine Growth Driving Factor Analysis
  7.3.3 Packaging of PVD Vacuum Coating Machine Growth Driving Factor Analysis
  7.3.4 Optical & Glass of PVD Vacuum Coating Machine Growth Driving Factor Analysis
  7.3.5 Others of PVD Vacuum Coating Machine Growth Driving Factor Analysis

8 MAJOR MANUFACTURERS ANALYSIS OF PVD VACUUM COATING MACHINE

8.1 Alliance Concept
  8.1.1 Company Profile
  8.1.2 Product Picture and Specifications
    8.1.2.1 Product A
    8.1.2.2 Product B
  8.1.3 Alliance Concept 2016 PVD Vacuum Coating Machine Sales, Ex-factory Price, Revenue, Gross Margin Analysis
  8.1.4 Alliance Concept 2016 PVD Vacuum Coating Machine Business Region Distribution Analysis
8.2 DESUN Industries
  8.2.1 Company Profile
  8.2.2 Product Picture and Specifications
    8.2.2.1 Product A
    8.2.2.2 Product B
  8.2.3 DESUN Industries 2016 PVD Vacuum Coating Machine Sales, Ex-factory Price, Revenue, Gross Margin Analysis
  8.2.4 DESUN Industries 2016 PVD Vacuum Coating Machine Business Region Distribution Analysis
8.3 ISYS Inc
  8.3.1 Company Profile
  8.3.2 Product Picture and Specifications
    8.3.2.1 Product A
    8.3.2.2 Product B
  8.3.3 ISYS Inc 2016 PVD Vacuum Coating Machine Sales, Ex-factory Price, Revenue, Gross Margin Analysis
  8.3.4 ISYS Inc 2016 PVD Vacuum Coating Machine Business Region Distribution Analysis
8.4 Impact Coatings
  8.4.1 Company Profile
  8.4.2 Product Picture and Specifications
    8.4.2.1 Product A
    8.4.2.2 Product B
  8.4.3 Impact Coatings 2016 PVD Vacuum Coating Machine Sales, Ex-factory Price, Revenue, Gross Margin Analysis
  8.4.4 Impact Coatings 2016 PVD Vacuum Coating Machine Business Region Distribution Analysis
8.5 Buhler Leybold Optics
  8.5.1 Company Profile
  8.5.2 Product Picture and Specifications
    8.5.2.1 Product A
    8.5.2.2 Product B
  8.5.3 Buhler Leybold Optics 2016 PVD Vacuum Coating Machine Sales, Ex-factory Price, Revenue, Gross Margin Analysis
  8.5.4 Buhler Leybold Optics 2016 PVD Vacuum Coating Machine Business Region Distribution Analysis
8.6 Platit
  8.6.1 Company Profile
  8.6.2 Product Picture and Specifications
    8.6.2.1 Product A
    8.6.2.2 Product B
  8.6.3 Platit 2016 PVD Vacuum Coating Machine Sales, Ex-factory Price, Revenue, Gross Margin Analysis
  8.6.4 Platit 2016 PVD Vacuum Coating Machine Business Region Distribution Analysis
8.7 Satisloh
  8.7.1 Company Profile
  8.7.2 Product Picture and Specifications
    8.7.2.1 Product A
    8.7.2.2 Product B
  8.7.3 Satisloh 2016 PVD Vacuum Coating Machine Sales, Ex-factory Price, Revenue, Gross Margin Analysis
  8.7.4 Satisloh 2016 PVD Vacuum Coating Machine Business Region Distribution Analysis
8.8 SCHMID Group
  8.8.1 Company Profile
  8.8.2 Product Picture and Specifications
    8.8.2.1 Product A
    8.8.2.2 Product B
  8.8.3 SCHMID Group 2016 PVD Vacuum Coating Machine Sales, Ex-factory Price, Revenue, Gross Margin Analysis
  8.8.4 SCHMID Group 2016 PVD Vacuum Coating Machine Business Region Distribution Analysis
8.9 TST Taiwan Supercritical Technology
  8.9.1 Company Profile
  8.9.2 Product Picture and Specifications
    8.9.2.1 Product A
    8.9.2.2 Product B
  8.9.3 TST Taiwan Supercritical Technology 2016 PVD Vacuum Coating Machine Sales, Ex-factory Price, Revenue, Gross Margin Analysis
  8.9.4 TST Taiwan Supercritical Technology 2016 PVD Vacuum Coating Machine Business Region Distribution Analysis
8.10 VTD Vakuumtechnik Dresden GmbH
  8.10.1 Company Profile
  8.10.2 Product Picture and Specifications
    8.10.2.1 Product A
    8.10.2.2 Product B
  8.10.3 VTD Vakuumtechnik Dresden GmbH 2016 PVD Vacuum Coating Machine Sales, Ex-factory Price, Revenue, Gross Margin Analysis
  8.10.4 VTD Vakuumtechnik Dresden GmbH 2016 PVD Vacuum Coating Machine Business Region Distribution Analysis

9 DEVELOPMENT TREND OF ANALYSIS OF PVD VACUUM COATING MACHINE MARKET

9.1 Global PVD Vacuum Coating Machine Market Trend Analysis
  9.1.1 Global 2017-2022 PVD Vacuum Coating Machine Market Size (Volume and Value) Forecast
  9.1.2 Global 2017-2022 PVD Vacuum Coating Machine Sales Price Forecast
9.2 PVD Vacuum Coating Machine Regional Market Trend
  9.2.1 North America 2017-2022 PVD Vacuum Coating Machine Consumption Forecast
  9.2.2 China 2017-2022 PVD Vacuum Coating Machine Consumption Forecast
  9.2.3 Europe 2017-2022 PVD Vacuum Coating Machine Consumption Forecast
  9.2.4 Southeast Asia 2017-2022 PVD Vacuum Coating Machine Consumption Forecast
  9.2.5 Japan 2017-2022 PVD Vacuum Coating Machine Consumption Forecast
  9.2.6 India 2017-2022 PVD Vacuum Coating Machine Consumption Forecast
9.3 PVD Vacuum Coating Machine Market Trend (Product Type)
9.4 PVD Vacuum Coating Machine Market Trend (Application)

10 PVD VACUUM COATING MACHINE MARKETING TYPE ANALYSIS

10.1 PVD Vacuum Coating Machine Regional Marketing Type Analysis
10.2 PVD Vacuum Coating Machine International Trade Type Analysis
10.3 Traders or Distributors with Contact Information of PVD Vacuum Coating Machine by Region
10.4 PVD Vacuum Coating Machine Supply Chain Analysis

11 CONSUMERS ANALYSIS OF PVD VACUUM COATING MACHINE

11.1 Consumer 1 Analysis
11.2 Consumer 2 Analysis
11.3 Consumer 3 Analysis
11.4 Consumer 4 Analysis

12 CONCLUSION OF THE GLOBAL PVD VACUUM COATING MACHINE MARKET PROFESSIONAL SURVEY REPORT 2017

Methodology
Analyst Introduction
Data Source

The report requires updating with new data and is sent in 2-3 business days after order is placed.

List Of Tables

LIST OF TABLES AND FIGURES

Figure Picture of PVD Vacuum Coating Machine
Table Product Specifications of PVD Vacuum Coating Machine
Table Classification of PVD Vacuum Coating Machine
Figure Global Production Market Share of PVD Vacuum Coating Machine by Type in 2016
Figure Evaporation Type Picture
Table Major Manufacturers of Evaporation Type
Figure Sputtering Type Picture
Table Major Manufacturers of Sputtering Type
Table Applications of PVD Vacuum Coating Machine
Figure Global Consumption Volume Market Share of PVD Vacuum Coating Machine by Application in 2016
Figure Automotive Examples
Table Major Consumers in Automotive
Figure Electronics Examples
Table Major Consumers in Electronics
Figure Packaging Examples
Table Major Consumers in Packaging
Figure Optical & Glass Examples
Table Major Consumers in Optical & Glass
Figure Others Examples
Table Major Consumers in Others
Figure Market Share of PVD Vacuum Coating Machine by Regions
Figure North America PVD Vacuum Coating Machine Market Size (Million USD) (2012-2022)
Figure China PVD Vacuum Coating Machine Market Size (Million USD) (2012-2022)
Figure Europe PVD Vacuum Coating Machine Market Size (Million USD) (2012-2022)
Figure Southeast Asia PVD Vacuum Coating Machine Market Size (Million USD) (2012-2022)
Figure Japan PVD Vacuum Coating Machine Market Size (Million USD) (2012-2022)
Figure India PVD Vacuum Coating Machine Market Size (Million USD) (2012-2022)
Table PVD Vacuum Coating Machine Raw Material and Suppliers
Table Manufacturing Cost Structure Analysis of PVD Vacuum Coating Machine in 2016
Figure Manufacturing Process Analysis of PVD Vacuum Coating Machine
Figure Industry Chain Structure of PVD Vacuum Coating Machine
Table Capacity and Commercial Production Date of Global PVD Vacuum Coating Machine Major Manufacturers in 2016
Table Manufacturing Plants Distribution of Global PVD Vacuum Coating Machine Major Manufacturers in 2016
Table R&D Status and Technology Source of Global PVD Vacuum Coating Machine Major Manufacturers in 2016
Table Raw Materials Sources Analysis of Global PVD Vacuum Coating Machine Major Manufacturers in 2016
Table Global Capacity, Sales, Price, Cost, Sales Revenue (M USD) and Gross Margin of PVD Vacuum Coating Machine 2012-2017
Figure Global 2012-2017E PVD Vacuum Coating Machine Market Size (Volume) and Growth Rate
Figure Global 2012-2017E PVD Vacuum Coating Machine Market Size (Value) and Growth Rate
Table 2012-2017E Global PVD Vacuum Coating Machine Capacity and Growth Rate
Table 2016 Global PVD Vacuum Coating Machine Capacity (K Units) List (Company Segment)
Table 2012-2017E Global PVD Vacuum Coating Machine Sales (K Units) and Growth Rate
Table 2016 Global PVD Vacuum Coating Machine Sales (K Units) List (Company Segment)
Table 2012-2017E Global PVD Vacuum Coating Machine Sales Price (USD/Unit)
Table 2016 Global PVD Vacuum Coating Machine Sales Price (USD/Unit) List (Company Segment)
Figure North America Capacity Overview
Table North America Supply, Import, Export and Consumption (K Units) of PVD Vacuum Coating Machine 2012-2017E
Figure North America 2012-2017E PVD Vacuum Coating Machine Sales Price (USD/Unit)
Figure North America 2016 PVD Vacuum Coating Machine Sales Market Share
Figure China Capacity Overview
Table China Supply, Import, Export and Consumption (K Units) of PVD Vacuum Coating Machine 2012-2017E
Figure China 2012-2017E PVD Vacuum Coating Machine Sales Price (USD/Unit)
Figure China 2016 PVD Vacuum Coating Machine Sales Market Share
Figure Europe Capacity Overview
Table Europe Supply, Import, Export and Consumption (K Units) of PVD Vacuum Coating Machine 2012-2017E
Figure Europe 2012-2017E PVD Vacuum Coating Machine Sales Price (USD/Unit)
Figure Europe 2016 PVD Vacuum Coating Machine Sales Market Share
Figure Southeast Asia Capacity Overview
Table Southeast Asia Supply, Import, Export and Consumption (K Units) of PVD Vacuum Coating Machine 2012-2017E
Figure Southeast Asia 2012-2017E PVD Vacuum Coating Machine Sales Price (USD/Unit)
Figure Southeast Asia 2016 PVD Vacuum Coating Machine Sales Market Share
Figure Japan Capacity Overview
Table Japan Supply, Import, Export and Consumption (K Units) of PVD Vacuum Coating Machine 2012-2017E
Figure Japan 2012-2017E PVD Vacuum Coating Machine Sales Price (USD/Unit)
Figure Japan 2016 PVD Vacuum Coating Machine Sales Market Share
Figure India Capacity Overview
Table India Supply, Import, Export and Consumption (K Units) of PVD Vacuum Coating Machine 2012-2017E
Figure India 2012-2017E PVD Vacuum Coating Machine Sales Price (USD/Unit)
Figure India 2016 PVD Vacuum Coating Machine Sales Market Share
Table Global 2012-2017E PVD Vacuum Coating Machine Sales (K Units) by Type
Table Different Types PVD Vacuum Coating Machine Product Interview Price
Table Global 2012-2017E PVD Vacuum Coating Machine Sales (K Units) by Application
Table Different Application PVD Vacuum Coating Machine Product Interview Price
Table Alliance Concept Information List
Table Product A Overview
Table Product B Overview
Table 2016 Alliance Concept PVD Vacuum Coating Machine Revenue (Million USD), Sales (K Units), Ex-factory Price (USD/Unit)
Figure 2016 Alliance Concept PVD Vacuum Coating Machine Business Region Distribution
Table DESUN Industries Information List
Table Product A Overview
Table Product B Overview
Table 2016 DESUN Industries PVD Vacuum Coating Machine Revenue (Million USD), Sales (K Units), Ex-factory Price (USD/Unit)
Figure 2016 DESUN Industries PVD Vacuum Coating Machine Business Region Distribution
Table ISYS Inc Information List
Table Product A Overview
Table Product B Overview
Table 2015 ISYS Inc PVD Vacuum Coating Machine Revenue (Million USD), Sales (K Units), Ex-factory Price (USD/Unit)
Figure 2016 ISYS Inc PVD Vacuum Coating Machine Business Region Distribution
Table Impact Coatings Information List
Table Product A Overview
Table Product B Overview
Table 2016 Impact Coatings PVD Vacuum Coating Machine Revenue (Million USD), Sales (K Units), Ex-factory Price (USD/Unit)
Figure 2016 Impact Coatings PVD Vacuum Coating Machine Business Region Distribution
Table Buhler Leybold Optics Information List
Table Product A Overview
Table Product B Overview
Table 2016 Buhler Leybold Optics PVD Vacuum Coating Machine Revenue (Million USD), Sales (K Units), Ex-factory Price (USD/Unit)
Figure 2016 Buhler Leybold Optics PVD Vacuum Coating Machine Business Region Distribution
Table Platit Information List
Table Product A Overview
Table Product B Overview
Table 2016 Platit PVD Vacuum Coating Machine Revenue (Million USD), Sales (K Units), Ex-factory Price (USD/Unit)
Figure 2016 Platit PVD Vacuum Coating Machine Business Region Distribution
Table Satisloh Information List
Table Product A Overview
Table Product B Overview
Table 2016 Satisloh PVD Vacuum Coating Machine Revenue (Million USD), Sales (K Units), Ex-factory Price (USD/Unit)
Figure 2016 Satisloh PVD Vacuum Coating Machine Business Region Distribution
Table SCHMID Group Information List
Table Product A Overview
Table Product B Overview
Table 2016 SCHMID Group PVD Vacuum Coating Machine Revenue (Million USD), Sales (K Units), Ex-factory Price (USD/Unit)
Figure 2016 SCHMID Group PVD Vacuum Coating Machine Business Region Distribution
Table TST Taiwan Supercritical Technology Information List
Table Product A Overview
Table Product B Overview
Table 2016 TST Taiwan Supercritical Technology PVD Vacuum Coating Machine Revenue (Million USD), Sales (K Units), Ex-factory Price (USD/Unit)
Figure 2016 TST Taiwan Supercritical Technology PVD Vacuum Coating Machine Business Region Distribution
Table VTD Vakuumtechnik Dresden GmbH Information List
Table Product A Overview
Table Product B Overview
Table 2016 VTD Vakuumtechnik Dresden GmbH PVD Vacuum Coating Machine Revenue (Million USD), Sales (K Units), Ex-factory Price (USD/Unit)
Figure 2016 VTD Vakuumtechnik Dresden GmbH PVD Vacuum Coating Machine Business Region Distribution
Figure Global 2017-2022 PVD Vacuum Coating Machine Market Size (K Units) and Growth Rate Forecast
Figure Global 2017-2022 PVD Vacuum Coating Machine Market Size (Million USD) and Growth Rate Forecast
Figure Global 2017-2022 PVD Vacuum Coating Machine Sales Price (USD/Unit) Forecast
Figure North America 2017-2022 PVD Vacuum Coating Machine Consumption Volume (K Units) and Growth Rate Forecast
Figure China 2017-2022 PVD Vacuum Coating Machine Consumption Volume (K Units) and Growth Rate Forecast
Figure Europe 2017-2022 PVD Vacuum Coating Machine Consumption Volume (K Units) and Growth Rate Forecast
Figure Southeast Asia 2017-2022 PVD Vacuum Coating Machine Consumption Volume (K Units) and Growth Rate Forecast
Figure Japan 2017-2022 PVD Vacuum Coating Machine Consumption Volume (K Units) and Growth Rate Forecast
Figure India 2017-2022 PVD Vacuum Coating Machine Consumption Volume (K Units) and Growth Rate Forecast
Table Global Sales Volume (K Units) of PVD Vacuum Coating Machine by Type 2017-2022
Table Global Consumption Volume (K Units) of PVD Vacuum Coating Machine by Application 2017-2022
Table Traders or Distributors with Contact Information of PVD Vacuum Coating Machine by Region