Global Centrifuge Machines Market Research Report 2017

February 2017 | 125 pages | ID: G83431763C5EN
QYResearch

Abstracts

Notes:

Production, means the output of Centrifuge Machines

Revenue, means the sales value of Centrifuge Machines

This report studies Centrifuge Machines in Global market, especially in North America, Europe, China, Japan, Southeast Asia and India, focuses on top manufacturers in global market, with capacity, production, price, revenue and market share for each manufacturer, covering

• Thermo Scientific
• Becton Dickinson
• Danaher
• Vision Scientific
• Beckman Coulter International S.A
• Andreas Hettich
• Auxilab S.L
• VWR
• AccuBioTech
• Labnet International
• Eppendorf AG
• Sigma Laborzentrifugen GmbH
• Centurion Scientific
• MPW Med. Instruments
• Herolab
• Better&Best
• AWEL
• Oiagen
• BD
• Changsha Weierkang Xiangying Centrifuge
• Separation Technology
• Dragon Laboratory Instruments
• Grant Instruments
• Heal Force

Market Segment by Regions, this report splits Global into several key Regions, with production, consumption, revenue, market share and growth rate of Centrifuge Machines in these regions, from 2011 to 2021 (forecast), like

• North America
• Europe
• China
• Japan
• Southeast Asia
• India

Split by product type, with production, revenue, price, market share and growth rate of each type, can be divided into

• Type I
• Type II

Split by application, this report focuses on consumption, market share and growth rate of Centrifuge Machines in each application, can be divided into

• Application 1
• Application 2

Contents

Global Centrifuge Machines Market Research Report 2017

1 CENTRIFUGE MACHINES MARKET OVERVIEW

1.1 Product Overview and Scope of Centrifuge Machines
1.2 Centrifuge Machines Segment by Type
  1.2.1 Global Production Market Share of Centrifuge Machines by Type in 2015
  1.2.2 Type I
  1.2.3 Type II
1.3 Centrifuge Machines Segment by Application
  1.3.1 Centrifuge Machines Consumption Market Share by Application in 2015
  1.3.2 Application
  1.3.3 Application
  1.3.4 Application
1.4 Centrifuge Machines Market by Region
  1.4.1 North America Status and Prospect (2012-2022)
  1.4.2 Europe Status and Prospect (2012-2022)
  1.4.3 China Status and Prospect (2012-2022)
  1.4.4 Japan Status and Prospect (2012-2022)
  1.4.5 Southeast Asia Status and Prospect (2012-2022)
  1.4.6 India Status and Prospect (2012-2022)
1.5 Global Market Size (Value) of Centrifuge Machines (2012-2022)

2 GLOBAL CENTRIFUGE MACHINES MARKET COMPETITION BY MANUFACTURERS

2.1 Global Centrifuge Machines Production and Share by Manufacturers (2015 and 2016)
2.2 Global Centrifuge Machines Revenue and Share by Manufacturers (2015 and 2016)
2.3 Global Centrifuge Machines Average Price by Manufacturers (2015 and 2016)
2.4 Manufacturers Centrifuge Machines Manufacturing Base Distribution, Sales Area and Product Type
2.5 Centrifuge Machines Market Competitive Situation and Trends
  2.5.1 Centrifuge Machines Market Concentration Rate
  2.5.2 Centrifuge Machines Market Share of Top 3 and Top 5 Manufacturers
  2.5.3 Mergers & Acquisitions, Expansion

3 GLOBAL CENTRIFUGE MACHINES PRODUCTION, REVENUE (VALUE) BY REGION (2012-2017)

3.1 Global Centrifuge Machines Production by Region (2012-2017)
3.2 Global Centrifuge Machines Production Market Share by Region (2012-2017)
3.3 Global Centrifuge Machines Revenue (Value) and Market Share by Region (2012-2017)
3.4 Global Centrifuge Machines Production, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2012-2017)
3.5 North America Centrifuge Machines Production, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2012-2017)
3.6 Europe Centrifuge Machines Production, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2012-2017)
3.7 China Centrifuge Machines Production, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2012-2017)
3.8 Japan Centrifuge Machines Production, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2012-2017)
3.9 Southeast Asia Centrifuge Machines Production, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2012-2017)
3.10 India Centrifuge Machines Production, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2012-2017)

4 GLOBAL CENTRIFUGE MACHINES SUPPLY (PRODUCTION), CONSUMPTION, EXPORT, IMPORT BY REGIONS (2012-2017)

4.1 Global Centrifuge Machines Consumption by Regions (2012-2017)
4.2 North America Centrifuge Machines Production, Consumption, Export, Import (2012-2017)
4.3 Europe Centrifuge Machines Production, Consumption, Export, Import (2012-2017)
4.4 China Centrifuge Machines Production, Consumption, Export, Import (2012-2017)
4.5 Japan Centrifuge Machines Production, Consumption, Export, Import (2012-2017)
4.6 Southeast Asia Centrifuge Machines Production, Consumption, Export, Import (2012-2017)
4.7 India Centrifuge Machines Production, Consumption, Export, Import (2012-2017)

5 GLOBAL CENTRIFUGE MACHINES PRODUCTION, REVENUE (VALUE), PRICE TREND BY TYPE

5.1 Global Centrifuge Machines Production and Market Share by Type (2012-2017)
5.2 Global Centrifuge Machines Revenue and Market Share by Type (2012-2017)
5.3 Global Centrifuge Machines Price by Type (2012-2017)
5.4 Global Centrifuge Machines Production Growth by Type (2012-2017)

6 GLOBAL CENTRIFUGE MACHINES MARKET ANALYSIS BY APPLICATION

6.1 Global Centrifuge Machines Consumption and Market Share by Application (2012-2017)
6.2 Global Centrifuge Machines Consumption Growth Rate by Application (2012-2017)
6.3 Market Drivers and Opportunities
  6.3.1 Potential Applications
  6.3.2 Emerging Markets/Countries

7 GLOBAL CENTRIFUGE MACHINES MANUFACTURERS PROFILES/ANALYSIS

7.1 Thermo Scientific
  7.1.1 Company Basic Information, Manufacturing Base and Its Competitors
  7.1.2 Centrifuge Machines Product Type, Application and Specification
    7.1.2.1 Product A
    7.1.2.2 Product B
  7.1.3 Thermo Scientific Centrifuge Machines Production, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2015 and 2016)
  7.1.4 Main Business/Business Overview
7.2 Becton Dickinson
  7.2.1 Company Basic Information, Manufacturing Base and Its Competitors
  7.2.2 Centrifuge Machines Product Type, Application and Specification
    7.2.2.1 Product A
    7.2.2.2 Product B
  7.2.3 Becton Dickinson Centrifuge Machines Production, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2015 and 2016)
  7.2.4 Main Business/Business Overview
7.3 Danaher
  7.3.1 Company Basic Information, Manufacturing Base and Its Competitors
  7.3.2 Centrifuge Machines Product Type, Application and Specification
    7.3.2.1 Product A
    7.3.2.2 Product B
  7.3.3 Danaher Centrifuge Machines Production, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2015 and 2016)
  7.3.4 Main Business/Business Overview
7.4 Vision Scientific
  7.4.1 Company Basic Information, Manufacturing Base and Its Competitors
  7.4.2 Centrifuge Machines Product Type, Application and Specification
    7.4.2.1 Product A
    7.4.2.2 Product B
  7.4.3 Vision Scientific Centrifuge Machines Production, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2015 and 2016)
  7.4.4 Main Business/Business Overview
7.5 Beckman Coulter International S.A
  7.5.1 Company Basic Information, Manufacturing Base and Its Competitors
  7.5.2 Centrifuge Machines Product Type, Application and Specification
    7.5.2.1 Product A
    7.5.2.2 Product B
  7.5.3 Beckman Coulter International S.A Centrifuge Machines Production, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2015 and 2016)
  7.5.4 Main Business/Business Overview
7.6 Andreas Hettich
  7.6.1 Company Basic Information, Manufacturing Base and Its Competitors
  7.6.2 Centrifuge Machines Product Type, Application and Specification
    7.6.2.1 Product A
    7.6.2.2 Product B
  7.6.3 Andreas Hettich Centrifuge Machines Production, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2015 and 2016)
  7.6.4 Main Business/Business Overview
7.7 Auxilab S.L
  7.7.1 Company Basic Information, Manufacturing Base and Its Competitors
  7.7.2 Centrifuge Machines Product Type, Application and Specification
    7.7.2.1 Product A
    7.7.2.2 Product B
  7.7.3 Auxilab S.L Centrifuge Machines Production, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2015 and 2016)
  7.7.4 Main Business/Business Overview
7.8 VWR
  7.8.1 Company Basic Information, Manufacturing Base and Its Competitors
  7.8.2 Centrifuge Machines Product Type, Application and Specification
    7.8.2.1 Product A
    7.8.2.2 Product B
  7.8.3 VWR Centrifuge Machines Production, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2015 and 2016)
  7.8.4 Main Business/Business Overview
7.9 AccuBioTech
  7.9.1 Company Basic Information, Manufacturing Base and Its Competitors
  7.9.2 Centrifuge Machines Product Type, Application and Specification
    7.9.2.1 Product A
    7.9.2.2 Product B
  7.9.3 AccuBioTech Centrifuge Machines Production, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2015 and 2016)
  7.9.4 Main Business/Business Overview
7.10 Labnet International
  7.10.1 Company Basic Information, Manufacturing Base and Its Competitors
  7.10.2 Centrifuge Machines Product Type, Application and Specification
    7.10.2.1 Product A
    7.10.2.2 Product B
  7.10.3 Labnet International Centrifuge Machines Production, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2015 and 2016)
  7.10.4 Main Business/Business Overview
7.11 Eppendorf AG
7.12 Sigma Laborzentrifugen GmbH
7.13 Centurion Scientific
7.14 MPW Med. Instruments
7.15 Herolab
7.16 Better&Best
7.17 AWEL
7.18 Oiagen
7.19 BD
7.20 Changsha Weierkang Xiangying Centrifuge
7.21 Separation Technology
7.22 Dragon Laboratory Instruments
7.23 Grant Instruments
7.24 Heal Force

8 CENTRIFUGE MACHINES MANUFACTURING COST ANALYSIS

8.1 Centrifuge Machines Key Raw Materials Analysis
  8.1.1 Key Raw Materials
  8.1.2 Price Trend of Key Raw Materials
  8.1.3 Key Suppliers of Raw Materials
  8.1.4 Market Concentration Rate of Raw Materials
8.2 Proportion of Manufacturing Cost Structure
  8.2.1 Raw Materials
  8.2.2 Labor Cost
  8.2.3 Manufacturing Expenses
8.3 Manufacturing Process Analysis of Centrifuge Machines

9 INDUSTRIAL CHAIN, SOURCING STRATEGY AND DOWNSTREAM BUYERS

9.1 Centrifuge Machines Industrial Chain Analysis
9.2 Upstream Raw Materials Sourcing
9.3 Raw Materials Sources of Centrifuge Machines Major Manufacturers in 2015
9.4 Downstream Buyers

10 MARKETING STRATEGY ANALYSIS, DISTRIBUTORS/TRADERS

10.1 Marketing Channel
  10.1.1 Direct Marketing
  10.1.2 Indirect Marketing
  10.1.3 Marketing Channel Development Trend
10.2 Market Positioning
  10.2.1 Pricing Strategy
  10.2.2 Brand Strategy
  10.2.3 Target Client
10.3 Distributors/Traders List

11 MARKET EFFECT FACTORS ANALYSIS

11.1 Technology Progress/Risk
  11.1.1 Substitutes Threat
  11.1.2 Technology Progress in Related Industry
11.2 Consumer Needs/Customer Preference Change
11.3 Economic/Political Environmental Change

12 GLOBAL CENTRIFUGE MACHINES MARKET FORECAST (2017-2022)

12.1 Global Centrifuge Machines Production, Revenue and Price Forecast (2017-2022)
  12.1.1 Global Centrifuge Machines Production and Growth Rate Forecast (2017-2022)
  12.1.2 Global Centrifuge Machines Revenue and Growth Rate Forecast (2017-2022)
  12.1.3 Global Centrifuge Machines Price and Trend Forecast (2017-2022)
12.2 Global Centrifuge Machines Production, Consumption, Import and Export Forecast by Regions (2017-2022)
  12.2.1 North America Centrifuge Machines Production, Revenue, Consumption, Export and Import Forecast (2017-2022)
  12.2.2 Europe Centrifuge Machines Production, Revenue, Consumption, Export and Import Forecast (2017-2022)
  12.2.3 China Centrifuge Machines Production, Revenue, Consumption, Export and Import Forecast (2017-2022)
  12.2.4 Japan Centrifuge Machines Production, Revenue, Consumption, Export and Import Forecast (2017-2022)
  12.2.5 Southeast Asia Centrifuge Machines Production, Revenue, Consumption, Export and Import Forecast (2017-2022)
  12.2.6 India Centrifuge Machines Production, Revenue, Consumption, Export and Import Forecast (2017-2022)
12.3 Global Centrifuge Machines Production, Revenue and Price Forecast by Type (2017-2022)
12.4 Global Centrifuge Machines Consumption Forecast by Application (2017-2022)

13 RESEARCH FINDINGS AND CONCLUSION

14 APPENDIX

Methodology
Analyst Introduction
Data Source

The report requires updating with new data and is sent in 2-3 business days after order is placed.

List Of Tables

LIST OF TABLES AND FIGURES

Figure Picture of Centrifuge Machines
Figure Global Production Market Share of Centrifuge Machines by Type in 2015
Figure Product Picture of Type I
Table Major Manufacturers of Type I
Figure Product Picture of Type II
Table Major Manufacturers of Type II
Table Centrifuge Machines Consumption Market Share by Application in 2015
Figure Application 1 Examples
Figure Application 2 Examples
Figure North America Centrifuge Machines Revenue (Million USD) and Growth Rate (2012-2022)
Figure Europe Centrifuge Machines Revenue (Million USD) and Growth Rate (2012-2022)
Figure China Centrifuge Machines Revenue (Million USD) and Growth Rate (2012-2022)
Figure Japan Centrifuge Machines Revenue (Million USD) and Growth Rate (2012-2022)
Figure Southeast Asia Centrifuge Machines Revenue (Million USD) and Growth Rate (2012-2022)
Figure India Centrifuge Machines Revenue (Million USD) and Growth Rate (2012-2022)
Figure Global Centrifuge Machines Revenue (Million UDS) and Growth Rate (2012-2022)
Table Global Centrifuge Machines Capacity of Key Manufacturers (2015 and 2016)
Table Global Centrifuge Machines Capacity Market Share by Manufacturers (2015 and 2016)
Figure Global Centrifuge Machines Capacity of Key Manufacturers in 2015
Figure Global Centrifuge Machines Capacity of Key Manufacturers in 2016
Table Global Centrifuge Machines Production of Key Manufacturers (2015 and 2016)
Table Global Centrifuge Machines Production Share by Manufacturers (2015 and 2016)
Figure 2015 Centrifuge Machines Production Share by Manufacturers
Figure 2016 Centrifuge Machines Production Share by Manufacturers
Table Global Centrifuge Machines Revenue (Million USD) by Manufacturers (2015 and 2016)
Table Global Centrifuge Machines Revenue Share by Manufacturers (2015 and 2016)
Table 2015 Global Centrifuge Machines Revenue Share by Manufacturers
Table 2016 Global Centrifuge Machines Revenue Share by Manufacturers
Table Global Market Centrifuge Machines Average Price of Key Manufacturers (2015 and 2016)
Figure Global Market Centrifuge Machines Average Price of Key Manufacturers in 2015
Table Manufacturers Centrifuge Machines Manufacturing Base Distribution and Sales Area
Table Manufacturers Centrifuge Machines Product Type
Figure Centrifuge Machines Market Share of Top 3 Manufacturers
Figure Centrifuge Machines Market Share of Top 5 Manufacturers
Table Global Centrifuge Machines Capacity by Regions (2012-2017)
Figure Global Centrifuge Machines Capacity Market Share by Regions (2012-2017)
Figure Global Centrifuge Machines Capacity Market Share by Regions (2012-2017)
Figure 2015 Global Centrifuge Machines Capacity Market Share by Regions
Table Global Centrifuge Machines Production by Regions (2012-2017)
Figure Global Centrifuge Machines Production and Market Share by Regions (2012-2017)
Figure Global Centrifuge Machines Production Market Share by Regions (2012-2017)
Figure 2015 Global Centrifuge Machines Production Market Share by Regions
Table Global Centrifuge Machines Revenue by Regions (2012-2017)
Table Global Centrifuge Machines Revenue Market Share by Regions (2012-2017)
Table 2015 Global Centrifuge Machines Revenue Market Share by Regions
Table Global Centrifuge Machines Production, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2012-2017)
Table North America Centrifuge Machines Production, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2012-2017)
Table Europe Centrifuge Machines Production, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2012-2017)
Table China Centrifuge Machines Production, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2012-2017)
Table Japan Centrifuge Machines Production, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2012-2017)
Table Southeast Asia Centrifuge Machines Production, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2012-2017)
Table India Centrifuge Machines Production, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2012-2017)
Table Global Centrifuge Machines Consumption Market by Regions (2012-2017)
Table Global Centrifuge Machines Consumption Market Share by Regions (2012-2017)
Figure Global Centrifuge Machines Consumption Market Share by Regions (2012-2017)
Figure 2015 Global Centrifuge Machines Consumption Market Share by Regions
Table North America Centrifuge Machines Production, Consumption, Import & Export (2012-2017)
Table Europe Centrifuge Machines Production, Consumption, Import & Export (2012-2017)
Table China Centrifuge Machines Production, Consumption, Import & Export (2012-2017)
Table Japan Centrifuge Machines Production, Consumption, Import & Export (2012-2017)
Table Southeast Asia Centrifuge Machines Production, Consumption, Import & Export (2012-2017)
Table India Centrifuge Machines Production, Consumption, Import & Export (2012-2017)
Table Global Centrifuge Machines Production by Type (2012-2017)
Table Global Centrifuge Machines Production Share by Type (2012-2017)
Figure Production Market Share of Centrifuge Machines by Type (2012-2017)
Figure 2015 Production Market Share of Centrifuge Machines by Type
Table Global Centrifuge Machines Revenue by Type (2012-2017)
Table Global Centrifuge Machines Revenue Share by Type (2012-2017)
Figure Production Revenue Share of Centrifuge Machines by Type (2012-2017)
Figure 2015 Revenue Market Share of Centrifuge Machines by Type
Table Global Centrifuge Machines Price by Type (2012-2017)
Figure Global Centrifuge Machines Production Growth by Type (2012-2017)
Table Global Centrifuge Machines Consumption by Application (2012-2017)
Table Global Centrifuge Machines Consumption Market Share by Application (2012-2017)
Figure Global Centrifuge Machines Consumption Market Share by Application in 2015
Table Global Centrifuge Machines Consumption Growth Rate by Application (2012-2017)
Figure Global Centrifuge Machines Consumption Growth Rate by Application (2012-2017)
Table Thermo Scientific Basic Information, Manufacturing Base, Sales Area and Its Competitors
Table Thermo Scientific Centrifuge Machines Production, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2015 and 2016)
Figure Thermo Scientific Centrifuge Machines Market Share (2015 and 2016)
Table Becton Dickinson Basic Information, Manufacturing Base, Sales Area and Its Competitors
Table Becton Dickinson Centrifuge Machines Production, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2015 and 2016)
Figure Becton Dickinson Centrifuge Machines Market Share (2015 and 2016)
Table Danaher Basic Information, Manufacturing Base, Sales Area and Its Competitors
Table Danaher Centrifuge Machines Production, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2015 and 2016)
Figure Danaher Centrifuge Machines Market Share (2015 and 2016)
Table Vision Scientific Basic Information, Manufacturing Base, Sales Area and Its Competitors
Table Vision Scientific Centrifuge Machines Production, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2015 and 2016)
Figure Vision Scientific Centrifuge Machines Market Share (2015 and 2016)
Table Beckman Coulter International S.A Basic Information, Manufacturing Base, Sales Area and Its Competitors
Table Beckman Coulter International S.A Centrifuge Machines Production, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2015 and 2016)
Figure Beckman Coulter International S.A Centrifuge Machines Market Share (2015 and 2016)
Table Andreas Hettich Basic Information, Manufacturing Base, Sales Area and Its Competitors
Table Andreas Hettich Centrifuge Machines Production, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2015 and 2016)
Figure Andreas Hettich Centrifuge Machines Market Share (2015 and 2016)
Table Auxilab S.L Basic Information, Manufacturing Base, Sales Area and Its Competitors
Table Auxilab S.L Centrifuge Machines Production, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2015 and 2016)
Figure Auxilab S.L Centrifuge Machines Market Share (2015 and 2016)
Table VWR Basic Information, Manufacturing Base, Sales Area and Its Competitors
Table VWR Centrifuge Machines Production, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2015 and 2016)
Figure VWR Centrifuge Machines Market Share (2015 and 2016)
Table AccuBioTech Basic Information, Manufacturing Base, Sales Area and Its Competitors
Table AccuBioTech Centrifuge Machines Production, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2015 and 2016)
Figure AccuBioTech Centrifuge Machines Market Share (2015 and 2016)
Table Labnet International Basic Information, Manufacturing Base, Sales Area and Its Competitors
Table Labnet International Centrifuge Machines Production, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2015 and 2016)
Figure Labnet International Centrifuge Machines Market Share (2015 and 2016)
Table Production Base and Market Concentration Rate of Raw Material
Figure Price Trend of Key Raw Materials
Table Key Suppliers of Raw Materials
Figure Manufacturing Cost Structure of Centrifuge Machines
Figure Manufacturing Process Analysis of Centrifuge Machines
Figure Centrifuge Machines Industrial Chain Analysis
Table Raw Materials Sources of Centrifuge Machines Major Manufacturers in 2015
Table Major Buyers of Centrifuge Machines
Table Distributors/Traders List
Figure Global Centrifuge Machines Production and Growth Rate Forecast (2017-2022)
Figure Global Centrifuge Machines Revenue and Growth Rate Forecast (2017-2022)
Figure Global Centrifuge Machines Price and Trend Forecast (2017-2022)
Table Global Centrifuge Machines Production Forecast by Regions (2017-2022)
Table Global Centrifuge Machines Consumption Forecast by Regions (2017-2022)
Figure North America Centrifuge Machines Production, Revenue and Growth Rate Forecast (2017-2022)
Table North America Centrifuge Machines Production, Consumption, Export and Import Forecast (2017-2022)
Figure Europe Centrifuge Machines Production, Revenue and Growth Rate Forecast (2017-2022)
Table Europe Centrifuge Machines Production, Consumption, Export and Import Forecast (2017-2022)
Figure China Centrifuge Machines Production, Revenue and Growth Rate Forecast (2017-2022)
Table China Centrifuge Machines Production, Consumption, Export and Import Forecast (2017-2022)
Figure Japan Centrifuge Machines Production, Revenue and Growth Rate Forecast (2017-2022)
Table Japan Centrifuge Machines Production, Consumption, Export and Import Forecast (2017-2022)
Figure Southeast Asia Centrifuge Machines Production, Revenue and Growth Rate Forecast (2017-2022)
Table Southeast Asia Centrifuge Machines Production, Consumption, Export and Import Forecast (2017-2022)
Figure India Centrifuge Machines Production, Revenue and Growth Rate Forecast (2017-2022)
Table India Centrifuge Machines Production, Consumption, Export and Import Forecast (2017-2022)
Table Global Centrifuge Machines Production Forecast by Type (2017-2022)
Table Global Centrifuge Machines Revenue Forecast by Type (2017-2022)
Table Global Centrifuge Machines Price Forecast by Type (2017-2022)
Table Global Centrifuge Machines Consumption Forecast by Application (2017-2022)