Global Automotive Fifth Wheel Coupler Industry Market Analysis & Forecast 2018-2023

February 2019 | 100 pages | ID: GBE5C7412A8EN
S&P Consulting

Abstracts

In the Global Automotive Fifth Wheel Coupler Industry Market Analysis & Forecast 2018-2023, the revenue is valued at USD XX million in 2017 and is expected to reach USD XX million by the end of 2023, growing at a CAGR of XX% between 2018 and 2023. The production is estimated at XX million in 2017 and is forecasted to reach XX million by the end of 2023, growing at a CAGR of XX% between 2018 and 2023.

It covers Regional Segment Analysis, Type, Appliction, Major Manufactures, Industry Chain Analysis, Competitive Insights and Macroeconomic Analysis.

Global Automotive Fifth Wheel Coupler Market: Regional Segment Analysis

• North America
• Europe
• China
• Japan
• Southeast Asia
• India

The Major players reported in the market include:

• company 1
• company 2
• company 3
• company 4
• company 5
• company 6
• company 7
• company 8
• company 9

Global Automotive Fifth Wheel Coupler Market: Product Segment Analysis

• Type 1
• Type 2
• Type 3

Global Automotive Fifth Wheel Coupler Market: Application Segment Analysis

• Application 1
• Application 2
• Application 3

Reasons for Buying this Report

• This report provides pin-point analysis for changing competitive dynamics
• It provides a forward looking perspective on different factors driving or restraining market growth
• It provides a six-year forecast assessed on the basis of how the market is predicted to grow
• It helps in understanding the key product segments and their future
• It provides pin point analysis of changing competition dynamics and keeps you ahead of competitors
• It helps in making informed business decisions by having complete insights of market and by making in-depth analysis of market segments

Contents

CHAPTER 1 AUTOMOTIVE FIFTH WHEEL COUPLER MARKET OVERVIEW

1.1 Product Overview and Scope of Automotive Fifth Wheel Coupler
1.2 Automotive Fifth Wheel Coupler Market Segmentation by Type in 2016
  1.2.1 Global Production Market Share of Automotive Fifth Wheel Coupler by Type in 2016
  1.2.1 Type
  1.2.2 Type
  1.2.3 Type
1.3 Automotive Fifth Wheel Coupler Market Segmentation by Application in 2016
  1.3.1 Automotive Fifth Wheel Coupler Consumption Market Share by Application in 2016
  1.3.2 Application
  1.3.3 Application
  1.3.4 Application
1.4 Automotive Fifth Wheel Coupler Market Segmentation by Regions
  1.4.1 North America
  1.4.2 China
  1.4.3 Europe
  1.4.4 Southeast Asia
  1.4.5 Japan
  1.4.6 India
1.5 Global Market Size (Value) of Automotive Fifth Wheel Coupler (2013-2023)
  1.5.1 Global Product Sales and Growth Rate (2013-2023)
  1.5.2 Global Product Revenue and Growth Rate (2013-2023)

CHAPTER 2 GLOBAL ECONOMIC IMPACT ON AUTOMOTIVE FIFTH WHEEL COUPLER INDUSTRY

2.1 Global Macroeconomic Environment Analysis
  2.1.1 Global Macroeconomic Analysis
  2.1.2 Global Macroeconomic Environment Development Trend
2.2 Global Macroeconomic Environment Analysis by Regions

CHAPTER 3 GLOBAL AUTOMOTIVE FIFTH WHEEL COUPLER MARKET COMPETITION BY MANUFACTURERS

3.1 Global Automotive Fifth Wheel Coupler Production and Share by Manufacturers (2016 and 2017)
3.2 Global Automotive Fifth Wheel Coupler Revenue and Share by Manufacturers (2016 and 2017)
3.3 Global Automotive Fifth Wheel Coupler Average Price by Manufacturers (2016 and 2017)
3.4 Manufacturers Automotive Fifth Wheel Coupler Manufacturing Base Distribution, Production Area and Product Type
3.5 Automotive Fifth Wheel Coupler Market Competitive Situation and Trends
  3.5.1 Automotive Fifth Wheel Coupler Market Concentration Rate
  3.5.2 Automotive Fifth Wheel Coupler Market Share of Top 3 and Top 5 Manufacturers
  3.5.3 Mergers & Acquisitions, Expansion

CHAPTER 4 GLOBAL AUTOMOTIVE FIFTH WHEEL COUPLER PRODUCTION, REVENUE (VALUE) BY REGION (2013-2018)

4.1 Global Automotive Fifth Wheel Coupler Production by Region (2013-2018)
4.2 Global Automotive Fifth Wheel Coupler Production Market Share by Region (2013-2018)
4.3 Global Automotive Fifth Wheel Coupler Revenue (Value) and Market Share by Region (2013-2018)
4.4 Global Automotive Fifth Wheel Coupler Production, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2013-2018)
4.5 North America Automotive Fifth Wheel Coupler Production, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2013-2018)
  4.5.1 North AmericaAutomotive Fifth Wheel CouplerProduction and Market Share by Manufacturers
  4.5.2 North AmericaAutomotive Fifth Wheel CouplerProduction and Market Share by Type
  4.5.3 North AmericaAutomotive Fifth Wheel CouplerProduction and Market Share by Application
4.6 Europe Automotive Fifth Wheel Coupler Production, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2013-2018)
  4.6.1 EuropeAutomotive Fifth Wheel CouplerProduction and Market Share by Manufacturers
  4.6.2 Europe Automotive Fifth Wheel Coupler Production and Market Share by Type
  4.6.3 Europe Automotive Fifth Wheel Coupler Production and Market Share by Application
4.7 China Automotive Fifth Wheel Coupler Production, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2013-2018)
  4.7.1 ChinaAutomotive Fifth Wheel CouplerProduction and Market Share by Manufacturers
  4.7.2 China Automotive Fifth Wheel Coupler Production and Market Share by Type
  4.7.3 China Automotive Fifth Wheel Coupler Production and Market Share by Application
4.8 Japan Automotive Fifth Wheel Coupler Production, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2013-2018)
  4.8.1 Japan Automotive Fifth Wheel Coupler Production and Market Share by Manufacturers
  4.8.2 Japan Automotive Fifth Wheel Coupler Production and Market Share by Type
  4.8.3 Japan Automotive Fifth Wheel Coupler Production and Market Share by Application
4.9 Southeast Asia Automotive Fifth Wheel Coupler Production, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2013-2018)
  4.9.1 Southeast Asia Automotive Fifth Wheel Coupler Production and Market Share by Manufacturers
  4.9.2 Southeast Asia Automotive Fifth Wheel Coupler Production and Market Share by Type
  4.9.3 Southeast Asia Automotive Fifth Wheel Coupler Production and Market Share by Application
4.10 India Automotive Fifth Wheel Coupler Production, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2013-2018)
  4.10.1 India Automotive Fifth Wheel Coupler Production and Market Share by Manufacturers
  4.10.2 India Automotive Fifth Wheel Coupler Production and Market Share by Type
  4.10.3 India Automotive Fifth Wheel Coupler Production and Market Share by Application

CHAPTER 5 GLOBAL AUTOMOTIVE FIFTH WHEEL COUPLER SUPPLY (PRODUCTION), CONSUMPTION, EXPORT, IMPORT BY REGIONS (2013-2018)

5.1 Global Automotive Fifth Wheel Coupler Consumption by Regions (2013-2018)
5.2 North America Automotive Fifth Wheel Coupler Production, Consumption, Export, Import by Regions (2013-2018)
5.3 Europe Automotive Fifth Wheel Coupler Production, Consumption, Export, Import by Regions (2013-2018)
5.4 China Automotive Fifth Wheel Coupler Production, Consumption, Export, Import by Regions (2013-2018)
5.5 Japan Automotive Fifth Wheel Coupler Production, Consumption, Export, Import by Regions (2013-2018)
5.6 Southeast Asia Automotive Fifth Wheel Coupler Production, Consumption, Export, Import by Regions (2013-2018)
5.7 India Automotive Fifth Wheel Coupler Production, Consumption, Export, Import by Regions (2013-2018)

CHAPTER 6 GLOBAL AUTOMOTIVE FIFTH WHEEL COUPLER PRODUCTION, REVENUE (VALUE), PRICE TREND BY TYPE

6.1 Global Automotive Fifth Wheel Coupler Production and Market Share by Type (2013-2018)
6.2 Global Automotive Fifth Wheel Coupler Revenue and Market Share by Type (2013-2018)
6.3 Global Automotive Fifth Wheel Coupler Price by Type (2013-2018)
6.4 Global Automotive Fifth Wheel Coupler Production Growth by Type (2013-2018)

CHAPTER 7 GLOBAL AUTOMOTIVE FIFTH WHEEL COUPLER MARKET ANALYSIS BY APPLICATION

7.1 Global Automotive Fifth Wheel Coupler Consumption and Market Share by Application (2013-2018)
7.2 Global Automotive Fifth Wheel Coupler Revenue and Market Share by Type (2013-2018)
7.3 Global Automotive Fifth Wheel Coupler Consumption Growth Rate by Application (2013-2018)
7.4 Market Drivers and Opportunities
  7.4.1 Potential Applications
  7.4.2 Emerging Markets/Countries

CHAPTER 8 GLOBAL AUTOMOTIVE FIFTH WHEEL COUPLER MANUFACTURERS ANALYSIS

8.1 company
  8.1.1 Company Basic Information, Manufacturing Base and Competitors
  8.1.2 Product Type, Application and Specification
  8.1.3 Production, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2013-2018)
  8.1.4 Business Overview
8.2 company
  8.2.1 Company Basic Information, Manufacturing Base and Competitors
  8.2.2 Product Type, Application and Specification
  8.2.3 Production, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2013-2018)
  8.2.4 Business Overview
8.3 company
  8.3.1 Company Basic Information, Manufacturing Base and Competitors
  8.3.2 Product Type, Application and Specification
  8.3.3 Production, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2013-2018)
  8.3.4 Business Overview
8.4 company
  8.4.1 Company Basic Information, Manufacturing Base and Competitors
  8.4.2 Product Type, Application and Specification
  8.4.3 Production, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2013-2018)
  8.4.4 Business Overview
8.5 company
  8.5.1 Company Basic Information, Manufacturing Base and Competitors
  8.5.2 Product Type, Application and Specification
  8.5.3 Production, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2013-2018)
  8.5.4 Business Overview
8.6 company
  8.6.1 Company Basic Information, Manufacturing Base and Competitors
  8.6.2 Product Type, Application and Specification
  8.6.3 Production, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2013-2018)
  8.6.4 Business Overview
8.7 company
  8.7.1 Company Basic Information, Manufacturing Base and Competitors
  8.7.2 Product Type, Application and Specification
  8.7.3 Production, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2013-2018)
  8.7.4 Business Overview
8.8 company
  8.8.1 Company Basic Information, Manufacturing Base and Competitors
  8.8.2 Product Type, Application and Specification
  8.8.3 Production, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2013-2018)
  8.8.4 Business Overview
8.9 company
  8.9.1 Company Basic Information, Manufacturing Base and Competitors
  8.9.2 Product Type, Application and Specification
  8.9.3 Production, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2013-2018)
  8.9.4 Business Overview

CHAPTER 9 AUTOMOTIVE FIFTH WHEEL COUPLER MANUFACTURING COST ANALYSIS

9.1 Automotive Fifth Wheel Coupler Key Raw Materials Analysis
  9.1.1 Key Raw Materials
  9.1.2 Price Trend of Key Raw Materials
  9.1.3 Key Suppliers of Raw Materials
  9.1.4 Market Concentration Rate of Raw Materials
9.2 Proportion of Manufacturing Cost Structure
  9.2.1 Raw Materials
  9.2.2 Labor Cost
  9.2.3 Manufacturing Expenses
9.3 Manufacturing Process Analysis of Automotive Fifth Wheel Coupler

CHAPTER 10 INDUSTRIAL CHAIN, SOURCING STRATEGY AND DOWNSTREAM BUYERS

10.1 Automotive Fifth Wheel Coupler Industrial Chain Analysis
10.2 Upstream Raw Materials Sourcing
10.3 Raw Materials Sources of Automotive Fifth Wheel Coupler Major Manufacturers in 2016
10.4 Downstream Buyers

CHAPTER 11 MARKETING STRATEGY ANALYSIS, DISTRIBUTORS/TRADERS

11.1 Marketing Channel
  11.1.1 Direct Marketing
  11.1.2 Indirect Marketing
  11.1.3 Marketing Channel Development Trend
11.2 Market Positioning
  11.2.1 Pricing Strategy
  11.2.2 Brand Strategy
  11.2.3 Target Client
11.3 Distributors/Traders List

CHAPTER 12 MARKET EFFECT FACTORS ANALYSIS

12.1 Technology Progress/Risk
  12.1.1 Substitutes Threat
  12.1.2 Technology Progress in Related Industry
12.2 Consumer Needs/Customer Preference Change
12.3 Economic/Political Environmental Change

CHAPTER 13 GLOBAL AUTOMOTIVE FIFTH WHEEL COUPLER MARKET FORECAST (2018-2023)

13.1 Global Automotive Fifth Wheel Coupler Production, Revenue Forecast (2018-2023)
13.2 Global Automotive Fifth Wheel Coupler Production, Consumption Forecast by Regions (2018-2023)
13.3 Global Automotive Fifth Wheel Coupler Production Forecast by Type (2018-2023)
13.4 Global Automotive Fifth Wheel Coupler Consumption Forecast by Application (2018-2023)
13.5 Automotive Fifth Wheel Coupler Price Forecast (2018-2023)

CHAPTER 14 APPENDIX

List Of Tables

LIST OF TABLES AND FIGURES

Figure Picture of Automotive Fifth Wheel Coupler
Figure Global Production Market Share of Automotive Fifth Wheel Coupler by Type 2016
Figure Product Picture of Type I
Table Major Manufacturers of Type I
Figure Product Picture of Type II
Table Major Manufacturers of Type II
Figure Product Picture of Type III
Table Major Manufacturers of Type III
Table Automotive Fifth Wheel Coupler Consumption Market Share by Application in 2016
Figure Application 1 Examples
Figure Application 2 Examples
Figure Application 3 Examples
Figure North America Automotive Fifth Wheel Coupler Revenue (Million USD) and Growth Rate (2013-2023)
Figure Europe Automotive Fifth Wheel Coupler Revenue (Million USD) and Growth Rate (2013-2023)
Figure China Automotive Fifth Wheel Coupler Revenue (Million USD) and Growth Rate (2013-2023)
Figure Japan Automotive Fifth Wheel Coupler Revenue (Million USD) and Growth Rate (2013-2023)
Figure Southeast Asia Automotive Fifth Wheel Coupler Revenue (Million USD) and Growth Rate (2013-2023)
Figure India Automotive Fifth Wheel Coupler Revenue (Million USD) and Growth Rate (2013-2023)
Figure Global Automotive Fifth Wheel Coupler Revenue (Million UDS) and Growth Rate (2013-2023)
Table Global Automotive Fifth Wheel Coupler Capacity of Key Manufacturers (2016 and 2017)
Table Global Automotive Fifth Wheel Coupler Capacity Market Share by Manufacturers (2016 and 2017)
Figure Global Automotive Fifth Wheel Coupler Capacity of Key Manufacturers in 2016
Figure Global Automotive Fifth Wheel Coupler Capacity of Key Manufacturers in 2017
Table Global Automotive Fifth Wheel Coupler Production of Key Manufacturers (2016 and 2017)
Table Global Automotive Fifth Wheel Coupler Production Share by Manufacturers (2016 and 2017)
Figure 2015 Automotive Fifth Wheel Coupler Production Share by Manufacturers
Figure 2016 Automotive Fifth Wheel Coupler Production Share by Manufacturers
Table Global Automotive Fifth Wheel Coupler Revenue (Million USD) by Manufacturers (2016 and 2017)
Table Global Automotive Fifth Wheel Coupler Revenue Share by Manufacturers (2016 and 2017)
Table 2015 Global Automotive Fifth Wheel Coupler Revenue Share by Manufacturers
Table 2016 Global Automotive Fifth Wheel Coupler Revenue Share by Manufacturers
Table Global Market Automotive Fifth Wheel Coupler Average Price of Key Manufacturers (2016 and 2017)
Figure Global Market Automotive Fifth Wheel Coupler Average Price of Key Manufacturers in 2016
Table Manufacturers Automotive Fifth Wheel Coupler Manufacturing Base Distribution and Sales Area
Table Manufacturers Automotive Fifth Wheel Coupler Product Type
Figure Automotive Fifth Wheel Coupler Market Share of Top 3 Manufacturers
Figure Automotive Fifth Wheel Coupler Market Share of Top 5 Manufacturers
Table Global Automotive Fifth Wheel Coupler Capacity by Regions (2013-2018)
Figure Global Automotive Fifth Wheel Coupler Capacity Market Share by Regions (2013-2018)
Figure Global Automotive Fifth Wheel Coupler Capacity Market Share by Regions (2013-2018)
Figure 2015 Global Automotive Fifth Wheel Coupler Capacity Market Share by Regions
Table Global Automotive Fifth Wheel Coupler Production by Regions (2013-2018)
Figure Global Automotive Fifth Wheel Coupler Production and Market Share by Regions (2013-2018)
Figure Global Automotive Fifth Wheel Coupler Production Market Share by Regions (2013-2018)
Figure 2015 Global Automotive Fifth Wheel Coupler Production Market Share by Regions
Table Global Automotive Fifth Wheel Coupler Revenue by Regions (2013-2018)
Table Global Automotive Fifth Wheel Coupler Revenue Market Share by Regions (2013-2018)
Table 2015 Global Automotive Fifth Wheel Coupler Revenue Market Share by Regions
Table Global Automotive Fifth Wheel Coupler Production, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2013-2018)
Table North America Automotive Fifth Wheel Coupler Production, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2013-2018)
Table Europe Automotive Fifth Wheel Coupler Production, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2013-2018)
Table China Automotive Fifth Wheel Coupler Production, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2013-2018)
Table Japan Automotive Fifth Wheel Coupler Production, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2013-2018)
Table Southeast Asia Automotive Fifth Wheel Coupler Production, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2013-2018)
Table India Automotive Fifth Wheel Coupler Production, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2013-2018)
Table Global Automotive Fifth Wheel Coupler Consumption Market by Regions (2013-2018)
Table Global Automotive Fifth Wheel Coupler Consumption Market Share by Regions (2013-2018)
Figure Global Automotive Fifth Wheel Coupler Consumption Market Share by Regions (2013-2018)
Figure 2015 Global Automotive Fifth Wheel Coupler Consumption Market Share by Regions
Table North America Automotive Fifth Wheel Coupler Production, Consumption, Import & Export (2013-2018)
Table Europe Automotive Fifth Wheel Coupler Production, Consumption, Import & Export (2013-2018)
Table China Automotive Fifth Wheel Coupler Production, Consumption, Import & Export (2013-2018)
Table Japan Automotive Fifth Wheel Coupler Production, Consumption, Import & Export (2013-2018)
Table Southeast Asia Automotive Fifth Wheel Coupler Production, Consumption, Import & Export (2013-2018)
Table India Automotive Fifth Wheel Coupler Production, Consumption, Import & Export (2013-2018)
Table Global Automotive Fifth Wheel Coupler Production by Type (2013-2018)
Table Global Automotive Fifth Wheel Coupler Production Share by Type (2013-2018)
Figure Production Market Share of Automotive Fifth Wheel Coupler by Type (2013-2018)
Figure 2015 Production Market Share of Automotive Fifth Wheel Coupler by Type
Table Global Automotive Fifth Wheel Coupler Revenue by Type (2013-2018)
Table Global Automotive Fifth Wheel Coupler Revenue Share by Type (2013-2018)
Figure Production Revenue Share of Automotive Fifth Wheel Coupler by Type (2013-2018)
Figure 2015 Revenue Market Share of Automotive Fifth Wheel Coupler by Type
Table Global Automotive Fifth Wheel Coupler Price by Type (2013-2018)
Figure Global Automotive Fifth Wheel Coupler Production Growth by Type (2013-2018)
Table Global Automotive Fifth Wheel Coupler Consumption by Application (2013-2018)
Table Global Automotive Fifth Wheel Coupler Consumption Market Share by Application (2013-2018)
Figure Global Automotive Fifth Wheel Coupler Consumption Market Share by Application in 2016
Table Global Automotive Fifth Wheel Coupler Consumption Growth Rate by Application (2013-2018)
Figure Global Automotive Fifth Wheel Coupler Consumption Growth Rate by Application (2013-2018)
Table company 1 Basic Information, Manufacturing Base, Production Area and Its Competitors
Table company 1 Automotive Fifth Wheel Coupler Production, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2013-2018)
Table company 1 Automotive Fifth Wheel Coupler Market Share (2013-2018)
Table company 2 Basic Information, Manufacturing Base, Production Area and Its Competitors
Table company 2 Automotive Fifth Wheel Coupler Production, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2013-2018)
Table company 2 Automotive Fifth Wheel Coupler Market Share (2013-2018)
Table company 3 Basic Information, Manufacturing Base, Production Area and Its Competitors
Table company 3 Automotive Fifth Wheel Coupler Production, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2013-2018)
Table company 3 Automotive Fifth Wheel Coupler Market Share (2013-2018)
Table company 4 Basic Information, Manufacturing Base, Production Area and Its Competitors
Table company 4 Automotive Fifth Wheel Coupler Production, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2013-2018)
Table company 4 Automotive Fifth Wheel Coupler Market Share (2013-2018)
Table company 5 Basic Information, Manufacturing Base, Production Area and Its Competitors
Table company 5 Automotive Fifth Wheel Coupler Production, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2013-2018)
Table company 5 Automotive Fifth Wheel Coupler Market Share (2013-2018)
Table company 6 Basic Information, Manufacturing Base, Production Area and Its Competitors
Table company 6 Automotive Fifth Wheel Coupler Production, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2013-2018)
Table company 6 Automotive Fifth Wheel Coupler Market Share (2013-2018)
Table company 7 Basic Information, Manufacturing Base, Production Area and Its Competitors
Table company 7 Automotive Fifth Wheel Coupler Production, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2013-2018)
Table company 7 Automotive Fifth Wheel Coupler Market Share (2013-2018)
Table company 8 Basic Information, Manufacturing Base, Production Area and Its Competitors
Table company 8 Automotive Fifth Wheel Coupler Production, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2013-2018)
Table company 8 Automotive Fifth Wheel Coupler Market Share (2013-2018)
Table company 9 Basic Information, Manufacturing Base, Production Area and Its Competitors
Table company 9 Automotive Fifth Wheel Coupler Production, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2013-2018)
Table company 9 Automotive Fifth Wheel Coupler Market Share (2013-2018)
Table Production Base and Market Concentration Rate of Raw Material
Figure Price Trend of Key Raw Materials
Table Key Suppliers of Raw Materials
Figure Manufacturing Cost Structure of Automotive Fifth Wheel Coupler
Figure Manufacturing Process Analysis of Automotive Fifth Wheel Coupler
Figure Automotive Fifth Wheel Coupler Industrial Chain Analysis
Table Raw Materials Sources of Automotive Fifth Wheel Coupler Major Manufacturers in 2016
Table Major Buyers of Automotive Fifth Wheel Coupler
Table Distributors/Traders List
Figure Global Automotive Fifth Wheel Coupler Production and Growth Rate Forecast (2018-2023)
Figure Global Automotive Fifth Wheel Coupler Revenue and Growth Rate Forecast (2018-2023)
Table Global Automotive Fifth Wheel Coupler Production Forecast by Regions (2018-2023)
Table Global Automotive Fifth Wheel Coupler Consumption Forecast by Regions (2018-2023)
Table Global Automotive Fifth Wheel Coupler Production Forecast by Type (2018-2023)
Table Global Automotive Fifth Wheel Coupler Consumption Forecast by Application (2018-2023)