Europe Office Appliances Market Report 2016

November 2016 | 111 pages | ID: E4B147CFCA3EN
QYResearch

Abstracts

Notes:

Sales, means the sales volume of Office Appliances

Revenue, means the sales value of Office Appliances

This report studies sales (consumption) of Office Appliances in Europe market, especially in Germany, UK, France, Russia, Italy, Benelux and Spain, focuses on top players in these countries, with sales, price, revenue and market share for each player in these Countries, covering

• 3M
• Office Depot
• Essendant
• Staples
• ACCO Brands
• Best Buy
• Cross
• Lyreco
• Osbornes Stationers
• Paperchase
• Ryman
• Ricoh
• VOW

Market Segment by Countries, this report splits Europe into several key Countries, with sales (consumption), revenue, market share and growth rate of Office Appliances in these countries, from 2011 to 2021 (forecast), like

• Germany
• France
• UK
• Russia
• Italy
• Spain
• Benelux

Split by product type, with sales, revenue, price, market share and growth rate of each type, can be divided into

• Type I
• Type II
• Type III

Split by application, this report focuses on sales, market share and growth rate of Office Appliances in each application, can be divided into

• Application 1
• Application 2
• Application 3

Contents

Europe Office Appliances Market Report 2016

1 OFFICE APPLIANCES OVERVIEW

1.1 Product Overview and Scope of Office Appliances
1.2 Classification of Office Appliances
  1.2.1 Type I
  1.2.2 Type II
  1.2.3 Type III
1.3 Application of Office Appliances
  1.3.1 Application
  1.3.2 Application
  1.3.3 Application
1.4 Office Appliances Market by Countries
  1.4.1 Germany Status and Prospect (2011-2021)
  1.4.2 France Status and Prospect (2011-2021)
  1.4.3 UK Status and Prospect (2011-2021)
  1.4.4 Russia Status and Prospect (2011-2021)
  1.4.5 Italy Status and Prospect (2011-2021)
  1.4.6 Spain Status and Prospect (2011-2021)
  1.4.7 Benelux Status and Prospect (2011-2021)
1.5 Europe Market Size (Value and Volume) of Office Appliances (2011-2021)
  1.5.1 Europe Office Appliances Sales and Growth Rate (2011-2021)
  1.5.2 Europe Office Appliances Revenue and Growth Rate (2011-2021)

2 EUROPE OFFICE APPLIANCES BY MANUFACTURERS, TYPE AND APPLICATION

2.1 Europe Office Appliances Market Competition by Manufacturers
  2.1.1 Europe Office Appliances Sales and Market Share of Key Manufacturers (2015 and 2016)
  2.1.2 Europe Office Appliances Revenue and Share by Manufacturers (2015 and 2016)
2.2 Europe Office Appliances (Volume and Value) by Type
  2.2.1 Europe Office Appliances Sales and Market Share by Type (2011-2016)
  2.2.2 Europe Office Appliances Revenue and Market Share by Type (2011-2016)
2.3 Europe Office Appliances (Volume and Value) by Countries
  2.3.1 Europe Office Appliances Sales and Market Share by Countries (2011-2016)
  2.3.2 Europe Office Appliances Revenue and Market Share by Countries (2011-2016)
2.4 Europe Office Appliances (Volume) by Application

3 GERMANY OFFICE APPLIANCES (VOLUME, VALUE AND SALES PRICE)

3.1 Germany Office Appliances Sales and Value (2011-2016)
  3.1.1 Germany Office Appliances Sales and Growth Rate (2011-2016)
  3.1.2 Germany Office Appliances Revenue and Growth Rate (2011-2016)
  3.1.3 Germany Office Appliances Sales Price Trend (2011-2016)
3.2 Germany Office Appliances Sales and Market Share by Manufacturers
3.3 Germany Office Appliances Sales and Market Share by Type
3.4 Germany Office Appliances Sales and Market Share by Application

4 FRANCE OFFICE APPLIANCES (VOLUME, VALUE AND SALES PRICE)

4.1 France Office Appliances Sales and Value (2011-2016)
  4.1.1 France Office Appliances Sales and Growth Rate (2011-2016)
  4.1.2 France Office Appliances Revenue and Growth Rate (2011-2016)
  4.1.4 France Office Appliances Sales Price Trend (2011-2016)
4.2 France Office Appliances Sales and Market Share by Manufacturers
4.3 France Office Appliances Sales and Market Share by Type
4.4 France Office Appliances Sales and Market Share by Application

5 UK OFFICE APPLIANCES (VOLUME, VALUE AND SALES PRICE)

5.1 UK Office Appliances Sales and Value (2011-2016)
  5.1.1 UK Office Appliances Sales and Growth Rate (2011-2016)
  5.1.2 UK Office Appliances Revenue and Growth Rate (2011-2016)
  5.1.5 UK Office Appliances Sales Price Trend (2011-2016)
5.2 UK Office Appliances Sales and Market Share by Manufacturers
5.3 UK Office Appliances Sales and Market Share by Type
5.4 UK Office Appliances Sales and Market Share by Application

6 RUSSIA OFFICE APPLIANCES (VOLUME, VALUE AND SALES PRICE)

6.1 Russia Office Appliances Sales and Value (2011-2016)
  6.1.1 Russia Office Appliances Sales and Growth Rate (2011-2016)
  6.1.2 Russia Office Appliances Revenue and Growth Rate (2011-2016)
  6.1.6 Russia Office Appliances Sales Price Trend (2011-2016)
6.2 Russia Office Appliances Sales and Market Share by Manufacturers
6.3 Russia Office Appliances Sales and Market Share by Type
6.4 Russia Office Appliances Sales and Market Share by Application

7 ITALY OFFICE APPLIANCES (VOLUME, VALUE AND SALES PRICE)

7.1 Italy Office Appliances Sales and Value (2011-2016)
  7.1.1 Italy Office Appliances Sales and Growth Rate (2011-2016)
  7.1.2 Italy Office Appliances Revenue and Growth Rate (2011-2016)
  7.1.7 Italy Office Appliances Sales Price Trend (2011-2016)
7.2 Italy Office Appliances Sales and Market Share by Manufacturers
7.3 Italy Office Appliances Sales and Market Share by Type
7.4 Italy Office Appliances Sales and Market Share by Application

8 SPAIN OFFICE APPLIANCES (VOLUME, VALUE AND SALES PRICE)

8.1 Spain Office Appliances Sales and Value (2011-2016)
  8.1.1 Spain Office Appliances Sales and Growth Rate (2011-2016)
  8.1.2 Spain Office Appliances Revenue and Growth Rate (2011-2016)
  8.1.8 Spain Office Appliances Sales Price Trend (2011-2016)
8.2 Spain Office Appliances Sales and Market Share by Manufacturers
8.3 Spain Office Appliances Sales and Market Share by Type
8.4 Spain Office Appliances Sales and Market Share by Application

9 BENELUX OFFICE APPLIANCES (VOLUME, VALUE AND SALES PRICE)

9.1 Benelux Office Appliances Sales and Value (2011-2016)
  9.1.1 Benelux Office Appliances Sales and Growth Rate (2011-2016)
  9.1.2 Benelux Office Appliances Revenue and Growth Rate (2011-2016)
  9.1.9 Benelux Office Appliances Sales Price Trend (2011-2016)
9.2 Benelux Office Appliances Sales and Market Share by Manufacturers
9.3 Benelux Office Appliances Sales and Market Share by Type
9.4 Benelux Office Appliances Sales and Market Share by Application

10 EUROPE OFFICE APPLIANCES MANUFACTURERS ANALYSIS

10.1 3M
  10.1.1 Company Basic Information, Manufacturing Base and Competitors
  10.1.2 Office Appliances Product Type, Application and Specification
    10.1.2.1 Type I
    10.1.2.2 Type II
  10.1.3 3M Office Appliances Sales, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2011-2016)
  10.1.4 Main Business/Business Overview
10.2 Office Depot
  10.2.1 Company Basic Information, Manufacturing Base and Competitors
  10.2.2 Office Appliances Product Type, Application and Specification
    10.2.2.1 Type I
    10.2.2.2 Type II
  10.2.3 Office Depot Office Appliances Sales, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2011-2016)
  10.2.4 Main Business/Business Overview
10.3 Essendant
  10.3.1 Company Basic Information, Manufacturing Base and Competitors
  10.3.2 Office Appliances Product Type, Application and Specification
    10.3.2.1 Type I
    10.3.2.2 Type II
  10.3.3 Essendant Office Appliances Sales, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2011-2016)
  10.3.4 Main Business/Business Overview
10.4 Staples
  10.4.1 Company Basic Information, Manufacturing Base and Competitors
  10.4.2 Office Appliances Product Type, Application and Specification
    10.4.2.1 Type I
    10.4.2.2 Type II
  10.4.3 Staples Office Appliances Sales, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2011-2016)
  10.4.4 Main Business/Business Overview
10.5 ACCO Brands
  10.5.1 Company Basic Information, Manufacturing Base and Competitors
  10.5.2 Office Appliances Product Type, Application and Specification
    10.5.2.1 Type I
    10.5.2.2 Type II
  10.5.3 ACCO Brands Office Appliances Sales, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2011-2016)
  10.5.4 Main Business/Business Overview
10.6 Best Buy
  10.6.1 Company Basic Information, Manufacturing Base and Competitors
  10.6.2 Office Appliances Product Type, Application and Specification
    10.6.2.1 Type I
    10.6.2.2 Type II
  10.6.3 Best Buy Office Appliances Sales, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2011-2016)
  10.6.4 Main Business/Business Overview
10.7 Cross
  10.7.1 Company Basic Information, Manufacturing Base and Competitors
  10.7.2 Office Appliances Product Type, Application and Specification
    10.7.2.1 Type I
    10.7.2.2 Type II
  10.7.3 Cross Office Appliances Sales, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2011-2016)
  10.7.4 Main Business/Business Overview
10.8 Lyreco
  10.8.1 Company Basic Information, Manufacturing Base and Competitors
  10.8.2 Office Appliances Product Type, Application and Specification
    10.8.2.1 Type I
    10.8.2.2 Type II
  10.8.3 Lyreco Office Appliances Sales, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2011-2016)
  10.8.4 Main Business/Business Overview
10.9 Osbornes Stationers
  10.9.1 Company Basic Information, Manufacturing Base and Competitors
  10.9.2 Office Appliances Product Type, Application and Specification
    10.9.2.1 Type I
    10.9.2.2 Type II
  10.9.3 Osbornes Stationers Office Appliances Sales, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2011-2016)
  10.9.4 Main Business/Business Overview
10.10 Paperchase
  10.10.1 Company Basic Information, Manufacturing Base and Competitors
  10.10.2 Office Appliances Product Type, Application and Specification
    10.10.2.1 Type I
    10.10.2.2 Type II
  10.10.3 Paperchase Office Appliances Sales, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2011-2016)
  10.10.4 Main Business/Business Overview
10.11 Ryman
10.12 Ricoh
10.13 VOW

11 OFFICE APPLIANCES MANUFACTURING COST ANALYSIS

11.1 Office Appliances Key Raw Materials Analysis
  11.1.1 Key Raw Materials
  11.1.2 Price Trend of Key Raw Materials
  11.1.3 Key Suppliers of Raw Materials
  11.1.4 Market Concentration Rate of Raw Materials
11.2 Proportion of Manufacturing Cost Structure
  11.2.1 Raw Materials
  11.2.2 Labor Cost
  11.2.3 Manufacturing Expenses
11.3 Manufacturing Process Analysis of Office Appliances

12 INDUSTRIAL CHAIN, SOURCING STRATEGY AND DOWNSTREAM BUYERS

12.1 Office Appliances Industrial Chain Analysis
12.2 Upstream Raw Materials Sourcing
12.3 Raw Materials Sources of Office Appliances Major Manufacturers in 2015
12.4 Downstream Buyers

13 MARKETING STRATEGY ANALYSIS, DISTRIBUTORS/TRADERS

13.1 Marketing Channel
  13.1.1 Direct Marketing
  13.1.2 Indirect Marketing
  13.1.3 Marketing Channel Development Trend
13.2 Market Positioning
  13.2.1 Pricing Strategy
  13.2.2 Brand Strategy
  13.2.3 Target Client
13.3 Distributors/Traders List

14 EUROPE OFFICE APPLIANCES MARKET FORECAST (2016-2021)

14.1 Germany Office Appliances Sales Forecast (2016-2021)
14.2 France Office Appliances Sales Forecast (2016-2021)
14.3 UK Office Appliances Sales Forecast (2016-2021)
14.4 Russia Office Appliances Sales Forecast (2016-2021)
14.5 Italy Office Appliances Sales Forecast (2016-2021)
14.6 Spain Office Appliances Sales Forecast (2016-2021)
14.7 Benelux Office Appliances Sales Forecast (2016-2021)
14.8 Europe Office Appliances Sales Forecast by Type (2016-2021)
14.9 Europe Office Appliances Sales Forecast by Application (2016-2021)

15 RESEARCH FINDINGS AND CONCLUSION

16 APPENDIX

Author List
Disclosure Section
Research Methodology
Data Source
Disclaimer

List Of Tables

LIST OF TABLES AND FIGURES

Figure Picture of Office Appliances
Table Classification of Office Appliances
Figure Europe Sales Market Share of Office Appliances by Type in 2015
Figure Type I Picture
Figure Type II Picture
Table Application of Office Appliances
Figure Europe Sales Market Share of Office Appliances by Application in 2015
Figure Application 1 Examples
Figure Application 2 Examples
Figure Germany Office Appliances Revenue and Growth Rate (2011-2021)
Figure France Office Appliances Revenue and Growth Rate (2011-2021)
Figure UK Office Appliances Revenue and Growth Rate (2011-2021)
Figure Russia Office Appliances Revenue and Growth Rate (2011-2021)
Figure Italy Office Appliances Revenue and Growth Rate (2011-2021)
Figure Spain Office Appliances Revenue and Growth Rate (2011-2021)
Figure Benelux Office Appliances Revenue and Growth Rate (2011-2021)
Figure Europe Office Appliances Sales and Growth Rate (2011-2021)
Figure Europe Office Appliances Revenue and Growth Rate (2011-2021)
Table Europe Office Appliances Sales of Key Manufacturers (2015 and 2016)
Table Europe Office Appliances Sales Share by Manufacturers (2015 and 2016)
Figure 2015 Office Appliances Sales Share by Manufacturers
Figure 2016 Office Appliances Sales Share by Manufacturers
Table Europe Office Appliances Revenue by Manufacturers (2015 and 2016)
Table Europe Office Appliances Revenue Share by Manufacturers (2015 and 2016)
Table 2015 Europe Office Appliances Revenue Share by Manufacturers
Table 2016 Europe Office Appliances Revenue Share by Manufacturers
Table Europe Office Appliances Sales and Market Share by Type (2011-2016)
Table Europe Office Appliances Sales Share by Type (2011-2016)
Figure Sales Market Share of Office Appliances by Type (2011-2016)
Figure Europe Office Appliances Sales Growth Rate by Type (2011-2016)
Table Europe Office Appliances Revenue and Market Share by Type (2011-2016)
Table Europe Office Appliances Revenue Share by Type (2011-2016)
Figure Revenue Market Share of Office Appliances by Type (2011-2016)
Figure Europe Office Appliances Revenue Growth Rate by Type (2011-2016)
Table Europe Office Appliances Sales and Market Share by Countries (2011-2016)
Table Europe Office Appliances Sales Share by Countries (2011-2016)
Figure Sales Market Share of Office Appliances by Countries (2011-2016)
Table Europe Office Appliances Revenue and Market Share by Countries (2011-2016)
Table Europe Office Appliances Revenue Share by Countries (2011-2016)
Figure Revenue Market Share of Office Appliances by Countries (2011-2016)
Table Europe Office Appliances Sales and Market Share by Application (2011-2016)
Table Europe Office Appliances Sales Share by Application (2011-2016)
Figure Sales Market Share of Office Appliances by Application (2011-2016)
Figure Germany Office Appliances Sales and Growth Rate (2011-2016)
Figure Germany Office Appliances Revenue and Growth Rate (2011-2016)
Figure Germany Office Appliances Sales Price Trend (2011-2016)
Table Germany Office Appliances Sales by Manufacturers (2015 and 2016)
Table Germany Office Appliances Market Share by Manufacturers (2015 and 2016)
Table Germany Office Appliances Sales by Type (2015 and 2016)
Table Germany Office Appliances Market Share by Type (2015 and 2016)
Table Germany Office Appliances Sales by Application (2015 and 2016)
Table Germany Office Appliances Market Share by Application (2015 and 2016)
Figure France Office Appliances Sales and Growth Rate (2011-2016)
Figure France Office Appliances Revenue and Growth Rate (2011-2016)
Figure France Office Appliances Sales Price Trend (2011-2016)
Table France Office Appliances Sales by Manufacturers (2015 and 2016)
Table France Office Appliances Market Share by Manufacturers (2015 and 2016)
Table France Office Appliances Sales by Type (2015 and 2016)
Table France Office Appliances Market Share by Type (2015 and 2016)
Table France Office Appliances Sales by Application (2015 and 2016)
Table France Office Appliances Market Share by Application (2015 and 2016)
Figure UK Office Appliances Sales and Growth Rate (2011-2016)
Figure UK Office Appliances Revenue and Growth Rate (2011-2016)
Figure UK Office Appliances Sales Price Trend (2011-2016)
Table UK Office Appliances Sales by Manufacturers (2015 and 2016)
Table UK Office Appliances Market Share by Manufacturers (2015 and 2016)
Table UK Office Appliances Sales by Type (2015 and 2016)
Table UK Office Appliances Market Share by Type (2015 and 2016)
Table UK Office Appliances Sales by Application (2015 and 2016)
Table UK Office Appliances Market Share by Application (2015 and 2016)
Figure Russia Office Appliances Sales and Growth Rate (2011-2016)
Figure Russia Office Appliances Revenue and Growth Rate (2011-2016)
Figure Russia Office Appliances Sales Price Trend (2011-2016)
Table Russia Office Appliances Sales by Manufacturers (2015 and 2016)
Table Russia Office Appliances Market Share by Manufacturers (2015 and 2016)
Table Russia Office Appliances Sales by Type (2015 and 2016)
Table Russia Office Appliances Market Share by Type (2015 and 2016)
Table Russia Office Appliances Sales by Application (2015 and 2016)
Table Russia Office Appliances Market Share by Application (2015 and 2016)
Figure Italy Office Appliances Sales and Growth Rate (2011-2016)
Figure Italy Office Appliances Revenue and Growth Rate (2011-2016)
Figure Italy Office Appliances Sales Price Trend (2011-2016)
Table Italy Office Appliances Sales by Manufacturers (2015 and 2016)
Table Italy Office Appliances Market Share by Manufacturers (2015 and 2016)
Table Italy Office Appliances Sales by Type (2015 and 2016)
Table Italy Office Appliances Market Share by Type (2015 and 2016)
Table Italy Office Appliances Sales by Application (2015 and 2016)
Table Italy Office Appliances Market Share by Application (2015 and 2016)
Figure Spain Office Appliances Sales and Growth Rate (2011-2016)
Figure Spain Office Appliances Revenue and Growth Rate (2011-2016)
Figure Spain Office Appliances Sales Price Trend (2011-2016)
Table Spain Office Appliances Sales by Manufacturers (2015 and 2016)
Table Spain Office Appliances Market Share by Manufacturers (2015 and 2016)
Table Spain Office Appliances Sales by Type (2015 and 2016)
Table Spain Office Appliances Market Share by Type (2015 and 2016)
Table Spain Office Appliances Sales by Application (2015 and 2016)
Table Spain Office Appliances Market Share by Application (2015 and 2016)
Figure Benelux Office Appliances Sales and Growth Rate (2011-2016)
Figure Benelux Office Appliances Revenue and Growth Rate (2011-2016)
Figure Benelux Office Appliances Sales Price Trend (2011-2016)
Table Benelux Office Appliances Sales by Manufacturers (2015 and 2016)
Table Benelux Office Appliances Market Share by Manufacturers (2015 and 2016)
Table Benelux Office Appliances Sales by Type (2015 and 2016)
Table Benelux Office Appliances Market Share by Type (2015 and 2016)
Table Benelux Office Appliances Sales by Application (2015 and 2016)
Table Benelux Office Appliances Market Share by Application (2015 and 2016)
Table Office Appliances Basic Information List
Table 3M Office Appliances Sales, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2011-2016)
Figure 3M Office Appliances Sales Market Share (2011-2016)
Table Office Depot Basic Information List
Table Office Depot Office Appliances Sales, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2011-2016)
Table Office Depot Office Appliances Sales Market Share (2011-2016)
Table Essendant Basic Information List
Table Essendant Office Appliances Sales, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2011-2016)
Table Essendant Office Appliances Sales Market Share (2011-2016)
Table Staples Basic Information List
Table Staples Office Appliances Sales, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2011-2016)
Table Staples Office Appliances Sales Market Share (2011-2016)
Table ACCO Brands Basic Information List
Table ACCO Brands Office Appliances Sales, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2011-2016)
Table ACCO Brands Office Appliances Sales Market Share (2011-2016)
Table Best Buy Basic Information List
Table Best Buy Office Appliances Sales, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2011-2016)
Table Best Buy Office Appliances Sales Market Share (2011-2016)
Table Cross Basic Information List
Table Cross Office Appliances Sales, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2011-2016)
Table Cross Office Appliances Sales Market Share (2011-2016)
Table Lyreco Basic Information List
Table Lyreco Office Appliances Sales, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2011-2016)
Table Lyreco Office Appliances Sales Market Share (2011-2016)
Table Osbornes Stationers Basic Information List
Table Osbornes Stationers Office Appliances Sales, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2011-2016)
Table Osbornes Stationers Office Appliances Sales Market Share (2011-2016)
Table Paperchase Basic Information List
Table Paperchase Office Appliances Sales, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2011-2016)
Table Paperchase Office Appliances Sales Market Share (2011-2016)
Table Ryman Basic Information List
Table Ryman Office Appliances Sales, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2011-2016)
Table Ryman Office Appliances Sales Market Share (2011-2016)
Table Ricoh Basic Information List
Table Ricoh Office Appliances Sales, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2011-2016)
Table Ricoh Office Appliances Sales Market Share (2011-2016)
Table VOW Basic Information List
Table VOW Office Appliances Sales, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2011-2016)
Table VOW Office Appliances Sales Market Share (2011-2016)
Table Production Base and Market Concentration Rate of Raw Material
Figure Price Trend of Key Raw Materials
Table Key Suppliers of Raw Materials
Figure Manufacturing Cost Structure of Office Appliances
Figure Manufacturing Process Analysis of Office Appliances
Figure Office Appliances Industrial Chain Analysis
Table Raw Materials Sources of Office Appliances Major Manufacturers in 2015
Table Major Buyers of Office Appliances
Table Distributors/Traders List
Figure Germany Office Appliances Sales and Growth Rate Forecast (2016-2021)
Figure Germany Office Appliances Revenue and Growth Rate Forecast (2016-2021)
Figure France Office Appliances Sales and Growth Rate Forecast (2016-2021)
Figure France Office Appliances Revenue and Growth Rate Forecast (2016-2021)
Figure UK Office Appliances Sales and Growth Rate Forecast (2016-2021)
Figure UK Office Appliances Revenue and Growth Rate Forecast (2016-2021)
Figure Russia Office Appliances Sales and Growth Rate Forecast (2016-2021)
Figure Russia Office Appliances Revenue and Growth Rate Forecast (2016-2021)
Figure Italy Office Appliances Sales and Growth Rate Forecast (2016-2021)
Figure Italy Office Appliances Revenue and Growth Rate Forecast (2016-2021)
Figure Spain Office Appliances Sales and Growth Rate Forecast (2016-2021)
Figure Spain Office Appliances Revenue and Growth Rate Forecast (2016-2021)
Figure Benelux Office Appliances Sales and Growth Rate Forecast (2016-2021)
Figure Benelux Office Appliances Revenue and Growth Rate Forecast (2016-2021)
Table Europe Office Appliances Sales Forecast by Type (2016-2021)
Table Europe Office Appliances Sales Forecast by Application (2016-2021)