Europe Hydraulic Pump Market Research Report Forecast 2017-2021

May 2017 | 116 pages | ID: E6F22D9A340EN
S&P Consulting

Abstracts

The Europe Hydraulic Pump Market Research Report Forecast 2017-2021 is a valuable source of insightful data for business strategists. It provides the Hydraulic Pump industry overview with growth analysis and historical & futuristic cost, revenue, demand and supply data (as applicable). The research analysts provide an elaborate description of the value chain and its distributor analysis. This Hydraulic Pump market study provides comprehensive data which enhances the understanding, scope and application of this report.

This report provides comprehensive analysis of
Key market segments and sub-segments
Evolving market trends and dynamics
Changing supply and demand scenarios
Quantifying market opportunities through market sizing and market forecasting
Tracking current trends/opportunities/challenges
Competitive insights
Opportunity mapping in terms of technological breakthroughs

Europe Hydraulic Pump Market Analysis by Countries:

Germany
France
UK
Russia
Italy
Spain
Benelux

The Major players reported in the market include:

Gorman-Rupp
Castle Pumps
Lutz Pumps
Springer Pumps
Yamada
QED
Graco
Taibang Botou Valve Manufacturing
company 9

Europe Hydraulic Pump Market Analysis by Product :
Vertical
Horizontal
Type 3

Europe Hydraulic Pump Market Analysis by Application:
Oil Drilling
Stamps-Ink Manufacturer
Mining

Reasons for Buying this Report

• This report provides pin-point analysis for changing competitive dynamics
• It provides a forward looking perspective on different factors driving or restraining market growth
• It provides a six-year forecast assessed on the basis of how the market is predicted to grow
• It helps in understanding the key product segments and their future
• It provides pin point analysis of changing competition dynamics and keeps you ahead of competitors
• It helps in making informed business decisions by having complete insights of market and by making in-depth analysis of market segments

Contents

1 HYDRAULIC PUMP MARKET OVERVIEW

1.1 Product Overview and Scope of Hydraulic Pump
1.2 Classification of Hydraulic Pump
  1.2.1 Vertical
  1.2.2 Horizontal
  1.2.3 Type
1.3 Application of Hydraulic Pump
  1.3.2 Oil Drilling
  1.3.3 Stamps-Ink Manufacturer
  1.3.4 Mining
1.4 Hydraulic Pump Market States Status and Prospect (2012-2021) by Countries
  1.4.1 Germany
  1.4.2 France
  1.4.3 UK
  1.4.4 Russia
  1.4.5 Italy
  1.4.6 Spain
  1.4.7 Benelux
1.5 Europe Market Size (Value and Volume) of Hydraulic Pump (2012-2021)
  1.5.1 Europe Hydraulic Pump Sales and Growth Rate (2012-2021)
  1.5.2 Europe Hydraulic Pump Revenue and Growth Rate (2012-2021)

2 EUROPE ECONOMIC IMPACT ON HYDRAULIC PUMP INDUSTRY

2.1 Europe Macroeconomic Analysis
2.2 Europe Macroeconomic Environment Development Trend

3 HYDRAULIC PUMP MANUFACTURING COST ANALYSIS

3.1 Hydraulic Pump Key Raw Materials Analysis
  3.1.1 Key Raw Materials
  3.1.2 Price Trend of Key Raw Materials
  3.1.3 Key Suppliers of Raw Materials
  3.1.4 Market Concentration Rate of Raw Materials
3.2 Proportion of Manufacturing Cost Structure
  3.2.1 Raw Materials
  3.2.2 Labor Cost
  3.2.3 Manufacturing Process Analysis of Hydraulic Pump

4 INDUSTRIAL CHAIN, SOURCING STRATEGY AND DOWNSTREAM BUYERS

4.1 Hydraulic Pump Industrial Chain Analysis
4.2 Upstream Raw Materials Sourcing
4.3 Raw Materials Sources of Hydraulic Pump Major Manufacturers in 2015
4.4 Downstream Buyers

5 EUROPE HYDRAULIC PUMP MARKET ANALYSIS BY MANUFACTURERS, TYPE AND APPLICATION

5.1 Europe Hydraulic Pump Market Competition by Manufacturers
  5.1.1 Europe Hydraulic Pump Sales and Market Share of Key Manufacturers (2015 and 2016)
  5.1.2 Europe Hydraulic Pump Revenue and Share by Manufacturers (2015 and 2016)
5.2 Europe Hydraulic Pump (Volume and Value) by Type
  5.2.1 Europe Hydraulic Pump Sales and Market Share by Type (2012-2017)
  5.2.2 Europe Hydraulic Pump Revenue and Market Share by Type (2012-2017)
5.3 Europe Hydraulic Pump (Volume and Value) by Countries
  5.3.1 Europe Hydraulic Pump Sales and Market Share by Countries (2012-2017)
  5.3.2 Europe Hydraulic Pump Revenue and Market Share by Countries (2012-2017)
5.4 Europe Hydraulic Pump (Volume) by Application

6 GERMANY HYDRAULIC PUMP (VOLUME, VALUE AND SALES PRICE)

6.1 Germany Hydraulic Pump Sales and Value (2012-2017)
  6.1.1 Germany Hydraulic Pump Sales and Growth Rate (2012-2017)
  6.1.2 Germany Hydraulic Pump Revenue and Growth Rate (2012-2017)
  6.1.3 Germany Hydraulic Pump Sales Price Trend (2012-2017)
6.2 Germany Hydraulic Pump Sales and Market Share by Manufacturers
6.3 Germany Hydraulic Pump Sales and Market Share by Type
6.4 Germany Hydraulic Pump Sales and Market Share by Application

7 FRANCE HYDRAULIC PUMP (VOLUME, VALUE AND SALES PRICE)

7.1 France Hydraulic Pump Sales and Value (2012-2017)
  7.1.1 France Hydraulic Pump Sales and Growth Rate (2012-2017)
  7.1.2 France Hydraulic Pump Revenue and Growth Rate (2012-2017)
  7.1.3 France Hydraulic Pump Sales Price Trend (2012-2017)
7.2 France Hydraulic Pump Sales and Market Share by Manufacturers
7.3 France Hydraulic Pump Sales and Market Share by Type
7.4 France Hydraulic Pump Sales and Market Share by Application

8 UK HYDRAULIC PUMP (VOLUME, VALUE AND SALES PRICE)

8.1 UK Hydraulic Pump Sales and Value (2012-2017)
  8.1.1 UK Hydraulic Pump Sales and Growth Rate (2012-2017)
  8.1.2 UK Hydraulic Pump Revenue and Growth Rate (2012-2017)
  8.1.3 UK Hydraulic Pump Sales Price Trend (2012-2017)
8.2 UK Hydraulic Pump Sales and Market Share by Manufacturers
8.3 UK Hydraulic Pump Sales and Market Share by Type
8.4 UK Hydraulic Pump Sales and Market Share by Application

9 RUSSIA HYDRAULIC PUMP (VOLUME, VALUE AND SALES PRICE)

9.1 Russia Hydraulic Pump Sales and Value (2012-2017)
  9.1.1 Russia Hydraulic Pump Sales and Growth Rate (2012-2017)
  9.1.2 Russia Hydraulic Pump Revenue and Growth Rate (2012-2017)
  9.1.3 Russia Hydraulic Pump Sales Price Trend (2012-2017)
9.2 Russia Hydraulic Pump Sales and Market Share by Manufacturers
9.3 Russia Hydraulic Pump Sales and Market Share by Type
9.4 Russia Hydraulic Pump Sales and Market Share by Application

10 ITALY HYDRAULIC PUMP (VOLUME, VALUE AND SALES PRICE)

10.1 Italy Hydraulic Pump Sales and Value (2012-2017)
  10.1.1 Italy Hydraulic Pump Sales and Growth Rate (2012-2017)
  10.1.2 Italy Hydraulic Pump Revenue and Growth Rate (2012-2017)
  10.1.3 Italy Hydraulic Pump Sales Price Trend (2012-2017)
10.2 Italy Hydraulic Pump Sales and Market Share by Manufacturers
10.3 Italy Hydraulic Pump Sales and Market Share by Type
10.4 Italy Hydraulic Pump Sales and Market Share by Application

11 SPAIN HYDRAULIC PUMP (VOLUME, VALUE AND SALES PRICE)

11.1 Spain Hydraulic Pump Sales and Value (2012-2017)
  11.1.1 Spain Hydraulic Pump Sales and Growth Rate (2012-2017)
  11.1.2 Spain Hydraulic Pump Revenue and Growth Rate (2012-2017)
  11.1.3 Spain Hydraulic Pump Sales Price Trend (2012-2017)
11.2 Spain Hydraulic Pump Sales and Market Share by Manufacturers
11.3 Spain Hydraulic Pump Sales and Market Share by Type
11.4 Spain Hydraulic Pump Sales and Market Share by Application

12 BENELUX HYDRAULIC PUMP (VOLUME, VALUE AND SALES PRICE)

12.1 Benelux Hydraulic Pump Sales and Value (2012-2017)
  12.1.1 Benelux Hydraulic Pump Sales and Growth Rate (2012-2017)
  12.1.2 Benelux Hydraulic Pump Revenue and Growth Rate (2012-2017)
  12.1.3 Benelux Hydraulic Pump Sales Price Trend (2012-2017)
12.2 Benelux Hydraulic Pump Sales and Market Share by Manufacturers
12.3 Benelux Hydraulic Pump Sales and Market Share by Type
12.4 Benelux Hydraulic Pump Sales and Market Share by Application

13 EUROPE HYDRAULIC PUMP MANUFACTURERS ANALYSIS

13.1 Gorman-Rupp
  13.1.1 Company Basic Information, Manufacturing Base and Competitors
  13.1.2 Product Type, Application and Specification
  13.1.3 Production, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2012-2017)
  13.1.4 Business Overview
13.2 Castle Pumps
  13.2.1 Company Basic Information, Manufacturing Base and Competitors
  13.2.2 Product Type, Application and Specification
  13.2.3 Production, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2012-2017)
  13.2.4 Business Overview
13.3 Lutz Pumps
  13.3.1 Company Basic Information, Manufacturing Base and Competitors
  13.3.2 Product Type, Application and Specification
  13.3.3 Production, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2012-2017)
  13.3.4 Business Overview
13.4 Springer Pumps
  13.4.1 Company Basic Information, Manufacturing Base and Competitors
  13.4.2 Product Type, Application and Specification
  13.4.3 Production, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2012-2017)
  13.4.4 Business Overview
13.5 Yamada
  13.5.1 Company Basic Information, Manufacturing Base and Competitors
  13.5.2 Product Type, Application and Specification
  13.5.3 Production, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2012-2017)
  13.5.4 Business Overview
13.6 QED
  13.6.1 Company Basic Information, Manufacturing Base and Competitors
  13.6.2 Product Type, Application and Specification
  13.6.3 Production, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2012-2017)
  13.6.4 Business Overview
13.7 Graco
  13.7.1 Company Basic Information, Manufacturing Base and Competitors
  13.7.2 Product Type, Application and Specification
  13.7.3 Production, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2012-2017)
  13.7.4 Business Overview
13.8 Taibang Botou Valve Manufacturing
  13.8.1 Company Basic Information, Manufacturing Base and Competitors
  13.8.2 Product Type, Application and Specification
  13.8.3 Production, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2012-2017)
  13.8.4 Business Overview
13.9 company
  13.9.1 Company Basic Information, Manufacturing Base and Competitors
  13.9.2 Product Type, Application and Specification
  13.9.3 Production, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2012-2017)
  13.9.4 Business Overview

13 MARKETING STRATEGY ANALYSIS, DISTRIBUTORS/TRADERS

13.1 Marketing Channel
  13.1.1 Direct Marketing
  13.1.2 Indirect Marketing
  13.1.3 Marketing Channel Development Trend
13.2 Market Positioning
  13.2.1 Pricing Strategy
  13.2.2 Brand Strategy
  13.2.3 Target Client
13.3 Distributors/Traders List

14 MARKET EFFECT FACTORS ANALYSIS

14.1 Technology Progress/Risk
  14.1.1 Substitutes Threat
  14.1.2 Technology Progress in Related Industry
14.2 Consumer Needs/Customer Preference Change
14.3 Economic/Political Environmental Change

15 EUROPE HYDRAULIC PUMP MARKET FORECAST (2017-2021)

15.1 Germany Market Forecast (2017-2021)
15.2 France Market Forecast (2017-2021)
15.3 UK Market Forecast (2017-2021)
15.4 Russia Market Forecast (2017-2021)
15.5 Italy Market Forecast (2017-2021)
15.6 Spain Market Forecast (2017-2021)
15.7 Benelux Market Forecast (2017-2021)
15.8 Europe Hydraulic Pump Market Forecast by Type (2017-2021)
15.9 Europe Hydraulic Pump Market Forecast by Application (2017-2021)

16 APPENDIX

List Of Tables

LIST OF TABLES AND FIGURES

Figure Picture of Hydraulic Pump
Table Classification of Hydraulic Pump
Figure Europe Sales Market Share of Hydraulic Pump by Type in 2015
Table Application of Hydraulic Pump
Figure Europe Sales Market Share of Hydraulic Pump by Application in 2015
Figure Germany Hydraulic Pump Revenue and Growth Rate (2012-2021)
Figure France Hydraulic Pump Revenue and Growth Rate (2012-2021)
Figure UK Hydraulic Pump Revenue and Growth Rate (2012-2021)
Figure Russia Hydraulic Pump Revenue and Growth Rate (2012-2021)
Figure Italy Hydraulic Pump Revenue and Growth Rate (2012-2021)
Figure Spain Hydraulic Pump Revenue and Growth Rate (2012-2021)
Figure Benelux Hydraulic Pump Revenue and Growth Rate (2012-2021)
Figure Europe Hydraulic Pump Sales and Growth Rate (2012-2021)
Figure Europe Hydraulic Pump Revenue and Growth Rate (2012-2021)
Table Europe Hydraulic Pump Sales of Key Manufacturers (2015 and 2016)
Table Europe Hydraulic Pump Sales Share by Manufacturers (2015 and 2016)
Figure 2015 Hydraulic Pump Sales Share by Manufacturers
Figure 2016 Hydraulic Pump Sales Share by Manufacturers
Table Europe Hydraulic Pump Revenue by Manufacturers (2015 and 2016)
Table Europe Hydraulic Pump Revenue Share by Manufacturers (2015 and 2016)
Table 2015 Europe Hydraulic Pump Revenue Share by Manufacturers
Table 2016 Europe Hydraulic Pump Revenue Share by Manufacturers
Table Europe Hydraulic Pump Sales and Market Share by Type (2012-2017)
Table Europe Hydraulic Pump Sales Share by Type (2012-2017)
Figure Sales Market Share of Hydraulic Pump by Type (2012-2017)
Figure Europe Hydraulic Pump Sales Growth Rate by Type (2012-2017)
Table Europe Hydraulic Pump Revenue and Market Share by Type (2012-2017)
Table Europe Hydraulic Pump Revenue Share by Type (2012-2017)
Figure Revenue Market Share of Hydraulic Pump by Type (2012-2017)
Figure Europe Hydraulic Pump Revenue Growth Rate by Type (2012-2017)
Table Europe Hydraulic Pump Sales and Market Share by Countries (2012-2017)
Table Europe Hydraulic Pump Sales Share by Countries (2012-2017)
Figure Sales Market Share of Hydraulic Pump by Countries (2012-2017)
Table Europe Hydraulic Pump Revenue and Market Share by Countries (2012-2017)
Table Europe Hydraulic Pump Revenue Share by Countries (2012-2017)
Figure Revenue Market Share of Hydraulic Pump by Countries (2012-2017)
Table Europe Hydraulic Pump Sales and Market Share by Application (2012-2017)
Table Europe Hydraulic Pump Sales Share by Application (2012-2017)
Figure Sales Market Share of Hydraulic Pump by Application (2012-2017)
Figure Germany Hydraulic Pump Sales and Growth Rate (2012-2017)
Figure Germany Hydraulic Pump Revenue and Growth Rate (2012-2017)
Figure Germany Hydraulic Pump Sales Price Trend (2012-2017)
Table Germany Hydraulic Pump Sales by Manufacturers (2015 and 2016)
Table Germany Hydraulic Pump Market Share by Manufacturers (2015 and 2016)
Table Germany Hydraulic Pump Sales by Type (2015 and 2016)
Table Germany Hydraulic Pump Market Share by Type (2015 and 2016)
Table Germany Hydraulic Pump Sales by Application (2015 and 2016)
Table Germany Hydraulic Pump Market Share by Application (2015 and 2016)
Figure France Hydraulic Pump Sales and Growth Rate (2012-2017)
Figure France Hydraulic Pump Revenue and Growth Rate (2012-2017)
Figure France Hydraulic Pump Sales Price Trend (2012-2017)
Table France Hydraulic Pump Sales by Manufacturers (2015 and 2016)
Table France Hydraulic Pump Market Share by Manufacturers (2015 and 2016)
Table France Hydraulic Pump Sales by Type (2015 and 2016)
Table France Hydraulic Pump Market Share by Type (2015 and 2016)
Table France Hydraulic Pump Sales by Application (2015 and 2016)
Table France Hydraulic Pump Market Share by Application (2015 and 2016)
Figure UK Hydraulic Pump Sales and Growth Rate (2012-2017)
Figure UK Hydraulic Pump Revenue and Growth Rate (2012-2017)
Figure UK Hydraulic Pump Sales Price Trend (2012-2017)
Table UK Hydraulic Pump Sales by Manufacturers (2015 and 2016)
Table UK Hydraulic Pump Market Share by Manufacturers (2015 and 2016)
Table UK Hydraulic Pump Sales by Type (2015 and 2016)
Table UK Hydraulic Pump Market Share by Type (2015 and 2016)
Table UK Hydraulic Pump Sales by Application (2015 and 2016)
Table UK Hydraulic Pump Market Share by Application (2015 and 2016)
Figure Russia Hydraulic Pump Sales and Growth Rate (2012-2017)
Figure Russia Hydraulic Pump Revenue and Growth Rate (2012-2017)
Figure Russia Hydraulic Pump Sales Price Trend (2012-2017)
Table Russia Hydraulic Pump Sales by Manufacturers (2015 and 2016)
Table Russia Hydraulic Pump Market Share by Manufacturers (2015 and 2016)
Table Russia Hydraulic Pump Sales by Type (2015 and 2016)
Table Russia Hydraulic Pump Market Share by Type (2015 and 2016)
Table Russia Hydraulic Pump Sales by Application (2015 and 2016)
Table Russia Hydraulic Pump Market Share by Application (2015 and 2016)
Figure Italy Hydraulic Pump Sales and Growth Rate (2012-2017)
Figure Italy Hydraulic Pump Revenue and Growth Rate (2012-2017)
Figure Italy Hydraulic Pump Sales Price Trend (2012-2017)
Table Italy Hydraulic Pump Sales by Manufacturers (2015 and 2016)
Table Italy Hydraulic Pump Market Share by Manufacturers (2015 and 2016)
Table Italy Hydraulic Pump Sales by Type (2015 and 2016)
Table Italy Hydraulic Pump Market Share by Type (2015 and 2016)
Table Italy Hydraulic Pump Sales by Application (2015 and 2016)
Table Italy Hydraulic Pump Market Share by Application (2015 and 2016)
Figure Spain Hydraulic Pump Sales and Growth Rate (2012-2017)
Figure Spain Hydraulic Pump Revenue and Growth Rate (2012-2017)
Figure Spain Hydraulic Pump Sales Price Trend (2012-2017)
Table Spain Hydraulic Pump Sales by Manufacturers (2015 and 2016)
Table Spain Hydraulic Pump Market Share by Manufacturers (2015 and 2016)
Table Spain Hydraulic Pump Sales by Type (2015 and 2016)
Table Spain Hydraulic Pump Market Share by Type (2015 and 2016)
Table Spain Hydraulic Pump Sales by Application (2015 and 2016)
Table Spain Hydraulic Pump Market Share by Application (2015 and 2016)
Figure Benelux Hydraulic Pump Sales and Growth Rate (2012-2017)
Figure Benelux Hydraulic Pump Revenue and Growth Rate (2012-2017)
Figure Benelux Hydraulic Pump Sales Price Trend (2012-2017)
Table Benelux Hydraulic Pump Sales by Manufacturers (2015 and 2016)
Table Benelux Hydraulic Pump Market Share by Manufacturers (2015 and 2016)
Table Benelux Hydraulic Pump Sales by Type (2015 and 2016)
Table Benelux Hydraulic Pump Market Share by Type (2015 and 2016)
Table Benelux Hydraulic Pump Sales by Application (2015 and 2016)
Table Benelux Hydraulic Pump Market Share by Application (2015 and 2016)
Table Gorman-Rupp Basic Information List
Table Gorman-Rupp Hydraulic Pump Sales, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2012-2017)
Figure Gorman-Rupp Hydraulic Pump Sales Market Share (2012-2017)
Table Castle Pumps Basic Information List
Table Castle Pumps Hydraulic Pump Sales, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2012-2017)
Table Castle Pumps Hydraulic Pump Sales Market Share (2012-2017)
Table Lutz Pumps Basic Information List
Table Lutz Pumps Hydraulic Pump Sales, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2012-2017)
Figure Lutz Pumps Hydraulic Pump Sales Market Share (2012-2017)
Table Springer Pumps Basic Information List
Table Springer Pumps Hydraulic Pump Sales, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2012-2017)
Table Springer Pumps Hydraulic Pump Sales Market Share (2012-2017)
Table Yamada Basic Information List
Table Yamada Hydraulic Pump Sales, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2012-2017)
Figure Yamada Hydraulic Pump Sales Market Share (2012-2017)
Table QED Basic Information List
Table QED Hydraulic Pump Sales, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2012-2017)
Table QED Hydraulic Pump Sales Market Share (2012-2017)
Table Graco Basic Information List
Table Graco Hydraulic Pump Sales, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2012-2017)
Figure Graco Hydraulic Pump Sales Market Share (2012-2017)
Table Taibang Botou Valve Manufacturing Basic Information List
Table Taibang Botou Valve Manufacturing Hydraulic Pump Sales, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2012-2017)
Table Taibang Botou Valve Manufacturing Hydraulic Pump Sales Market Share (2012-2017)
Table company 9 Basic Information List
Table company 9 Hydraulic Pump Sales, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2012-2017)
Figure company 9 Hydraulic Pump Sales Market Share (2012-2017).
Table Production Base and Market Concentration Rate of Raw Material
Figure Price Trend of Key Raw Materials
Table Key Suppliers of Raw Materials
Figure Manufacturing Cost Structure of Hydraulic Pump
Figure Manufacturing Process Analysis of Hydraulic Pump
Figure Hydraulic Pump Industrial Chain Analysis
Table Raw Materials Sources of Hydraulic Pump Major Manufacturers in 2015
Table Major Buyers of Hydraulic Pump
Table Distributors/Traders List
Figure Germany Hydraulic Pump Sales and Growth Rate Forecast (2017-2021)
Figure Germany Hydraulic Pump Revenue and Growth Rate Forecast (2017-2021)
Figure France Hydraulic Pump Sales and Growth Rate Forecast (2017-2021)
Figure France Hydraulic Pump Revenue and Growth Rate Forecast (2017-2021)
Figure UK Hydraulic Pump Sales and Growth Rate Forecast (2017-2021)
Figure UK Hydraulic Pump Revenue and Growth Rate Forecast (2017-2021)
Figure Russia Hydraulic Pump Sales and Growth Rate Forecast (2017-2021)
Figure Russia Hydraulic Pump Revenue and Growth Rate Forecast (2017-2021)
Figure Italy Hydraulic Pump Sales and Growth Rate Forecast (2017-2021)
Figure Italy Hydraulic Pump Revenue and Growth Rate Forecast (2017-2021)
Figure Spain Hydraulic Pump Sales and Growth Rate Forecast (2017-2021)
Figure Spain Hydraulic Pump Revenue and Growth Rate Forecast (2017-2021)
Figure Benelux Hydraulic Pump Sales and Growth Rate Forecast (2017-2021)
Figure Benelux Hydraulic Pump Revenue and Growth Rate Forecast (2017-2021)
Table Europe Hydraulic Pump Sales Forecast by Type (2017-2021)
Table Europe Hydraulic Pump Sales Forecast by Application (2017-2021)