Europe Alcohol Breathalyzer Testing Equipment Market Report 2021

September 2016 | 108 pages | ID: E17F2168312EN
QYResearch

Abstracts

Notes:

Sales, means the sales volume of Alcohol Breathalyzer Testing Equipment

Revenue, means the sales value of Alcohol Breathalyzer Testing Equipment

This report studies sales (consumption) of Alcohol Breathalyzer Testing Equipment in Europe market, especially in Germany, UK, France, Italy, Spain and Russia, focuses on top players in these regions/countries, with sales, price, revenue and market share for each player in these regions, covering

• Drager
• Intoximeters
• Lifeloc Technologies
• Alcohol Countermeasure Systems
• Lion Laboratories Limited
• Alcolizer Technology
• Scram Systems
• Breathalysers NZ Ltd
• American Interlock
• Alere

Market Segment by Regions, this report splits Europe into several key Regions, with sales (consumption), revenue, market share and growth rate of Alcohol Breathalyzer Testing Equipment in these regions, from 2011 to 2021 (forecast), like

• Germany
• France
• UK
• Italy
• Spain
• Russia

Split by product types, with sales, revenue, price, market share and growth rate of each type, can be divided into

• Type I
• Type II
• Type III

Split by applications, this report focuses on sales, market share and growth rate of Alcohol Breathalyzer Testing Equipment in each application, can be divided into

• Application 1
• Application 2
• Application 3

Contents

1 ALCOHOL BREATHALYZER TESTING EQUIPMENT OVERVIEW

1.1 Product Overview and Scope of Alcohol Breathalyzer Testing Equipment
1.2 Classification of Alcohol Breathalyzer Testing Equipment
  1.2.1 Type I
  1.2.2 Type II
  1.2.3 Type III
1.3 Applications of Alcohol Breathalyzer Testing Equipment
  1.3.1 Application
  1.3.2 Application
  1.3.3 Application
1.4 Alcohol Breathalyzer Testing Equipment Market by Regions
  1.4.1 Germany Status and Prospect (2011-2021)
  1.4.2 France Status and Prospect (2011-2021)
  1.4.3 UK Status and Prospect (2011-2021)
  1.4.4 Italy Status and Prospect (2011-2021)
  1.4.5 Spain Status and Prospect (2011-2021)
  1.4.6 Russia Status and Prospect (2011-2021)
1.5 Europe Market Size (Value and Volume) of Alcohol Breathalyzer Testing Equipment (2011-2021)
  1.5.1 Europe Alcohol Breathalyzer Testing Equipment Sales, Revenue and Price (2011-2021)
  1.5.2 Europe Alcohol Breathalyzer Testing Equipment Sales and Growth Rate (2011-2021)
  1.5.3 Europe Alcohol Breathalyzer Testing Equipment Revenue and Growth Rate (2011-2021)

2 EUROPE ALCOHOL BREATHALYZER TESTING EQUIPMENT BY MANUFACTURERS, TYPE AND APPLICATION

2.1 Europe Alcohol Breathalyzer Testing Equipment Market Competition by Manufacturers
  2.1.1 Europe Alcohol Breathalyzer Testing Equipment Sales and Market Share of Key Manufacturers (2015 and 2016)
  2.1.2 Europe Alcohol Breathalyzer Testing Equipment Revenue and Share by Manufacturers (2015 and 2016)
2.2 Europe Alcohol Breathalyzer Testing Equipment (Volume and Value) by Type
  2.2.1 Europe Alcohol Breathalyzer Testing Equipment Sales and Market Share by Type (2011-2021)
  2.2.2 Europe Alcohol Breathalyzer Testing Equipment Revenue and Market Share by Type (2011-2021)
2.3 Europe Alcohol Breathalyzer Testing Equipment (Volume and Value) by Regions
  2.3.1 Europe Alcohol Breathalyzer Testing Equipment Sales and Market Share by Regions (2011-2021)
  2.3.2 Europe Alcohol Breathalyzer Testing Equipment Revenue and Market Share by Regions (2011-2021)
2.4 Europe Alcohol Breathalyzer Testing Equipment (Volume) by Application

3 GERMANY ALCOHOL BREATHALYZER TESTING EQUIPMENT (VOLUME, VALUE AND SALES PRICE)

3.1 Germany Alcohol Breathalyzer Testing Equipment Sales and Value (2011-2021)
  3.1.1 Germany Alcohol Breathalyzer Testing Equipment Sales and Growth Rate (2011-2021)
  3.1.2 Germany Alcohol Breathalyzer Testing Equipment Revenue and Growth Rate (2011-2021)
  3.1.3 Germany Alcohol Breathalyzer Testing Equipment Sales Price Trend (2011-2021)
3.2 Germany Alcohol Breathalyzer Testing Equipment Sales and Market Share by Manufacturers
3.3 Germany Alcohol Breathalyzer Testing Equipment Sales and Market Share by Type
3.4 Germany Alcohol Breathalyzer Testing Equipment Sales and Market Share by Applications

4 UK ALCOHOL BREATHALYZER TESTING EQUIPMENT (VOLUME, VALUE AND SALES PRICE)

4.1 UK Alcohol Breathalyzer Testing Equipment Sales and Value (2011-2021)
  4.1.1 UK Alcohol Breathalyzer Testing Equipment Sales and Growth Rate (2011-2021)
  4.1.2 UK Alcohol Breathalyzer Testing Equipment Revenue and Growth Rate (2011-2021)
  4.1.3 UK Alcohol Breathalyzer Testing Equipment Sales Price Trend (2011-2021)
4.2 UK Alcohol Breathalyzer Testing Equipment Sales and Market Share by Manufacturers
4.3 UK Alcohol Breathalyzer Testing Equipment Sales and Market Share by Type
4.4 UK Alcohol Breathalyzer Testing Equipment Sales and Market Share by Applications

5 FRANCE ALCOHOL BREATHALYZER TESTING EQUIPMENT (VOLUME, VALUE AND SALES PRICE)

5.1 France Alcohol Breathalyzer Testing Equipment Sales and Value (2011-2021)
  5.1.1 France Alcohol Breathalyzer Testing Equipment Sales and Growth Rate (2011-2021)
  5.1.2 France Alcohol Breathalyzer Testing Equipment Revenue and Growth Rate (2011-2021)
  5.1.3 France Alcohol Breathalyzer Testing Equipment Sales Price Trend (2011-2021)
5.2 France Alcohol Breathalyzer Testing Equipment Sales and Market Share by Manufacturers
5.3 France Alcohol Breathalyzer Testing Equipment Sales and Market Share by Type
5.4 France Alcohol Breathalyzer Testing Equipment Sales and Market Share by Applications

6 ITALY ALCOHOL BREATHALYZER TESTING EQUIPMENT (VOLUME, VALUE AND SALES PRICE)

6.1 Italy Alcohol Breathalyzer Testing Equipment Sales and Value (2011-2021)
  6.1.1 Italy Alcohol Breathalyzer Testing Equipment Sales and Growth Rate (2011-2021)
  6.1.2 Italy Alcohol Breathalyzer Testing Equipment Revenue and Growth Rate (2011-2021)
  6.1.3 Italy Alcohol Breathalyzer Testing Equipment Sales Price Trend (2011-2021)
6.2 Italy Alcohol Breathalyzer Testing Equipment Sales and Market Share by Manufacturers
6.3 Italy Alcohol Breathalyzer Testing Equipment Sales and Market Share by Type
6.4 Italy Alcohol Breathalyzer Testing Equipment Sales and Market Share by Applications

7 RUSSIA ALCOHOL BREATHALYZER TESTING EQUIPMENT (VOLUME, VALUE AND SALES PRICE)

7.1 Russia Alcohol Breathalyzer Testing Equipment Sales and Value (2011-2021)
  7.1.1 Russia Alcohol Breathalyzer Testing Equipment Sales and Growth Rate (2011-2021)
  7.1.2 Russia Alcohol Breathalyzer Testing Equipment Revenue and Growth Rate (2011-2021)
  7.1.3 Russia Alcohol Breathalyzer Testing Equipment Sales Price Trend (2011-2021)
7.2 Russia Alcohol Breathalyzer Testing Equipment Sales and Market Share by Manufacturers
7.3 Russia Alcohol Breathalyzer Testing Equipment Sales and Market Share by Type
7.4 Russia Alcohol Breathalyzer Testing Equipment Sales and Market Share by Applications

8 SPAIN ALCOHOL BREATHALYZER TESTING EQUIPMENT (VOLUME, VALUE AND SALES PRICE)

8.1 Spain Alcohol Breathalyzer Testing Equipment Sales and Value (2011-2021)
  8.1.1 Spain Alcohol Breathalyzer Testing Equipment Sales and Growth Rate (2011-2021)
  8.1.2 Spain Alcohol Breathalyzer Testing Equipment Revenue and Growth Rate (2011-2021)
  8.1.3 Spain Alcohol Breathalyzer Testing Equipment Sales Price Trend (2011-2021)
8.2 Spain Alcohol Breathalyzer Testing Equipment Sales and Market Share by Manufacturers
8.3 Spain Alcohol Breathalyzer Testing Equipment Sales and Market Share by Type
8.4 Spain Alcohol Breathalyzer Testing Equipment Sales and Market Share by Applications

9 EUROPE ALCOHOL BREATHALYZER TESTING EQUIPMENT MANUFACTURERS ANALYSIS

9.1 Drager
  9.1.1 Company Basic Information,Manufacturing Base and Competitors
  9.1.2 Alcohol Breathalyzer Testing Equipment Product Type and Technology
    9.1.2.1 Type I
    9.1.2.2 Type II
  9.1.3 Alcohol Breathalyzer Testing Equipment Sales, Revenue, Price of Drager (2015 and 2016)
9.2 Intoximeters
  9.2.1 Company Basic Information,Manufacturing Base and Competitors
  9.2.2 Alcohol Breathalyzer Testing Equipment Product Type and Technology
    9.2.2.1 Type I
    9.2.2.2 Type II
  9.2.3 Alcohol Breathalyzer Testing Equipment Sales, Revenue, Price of Intoximeters (2015 and 2016)
9.3 Lifeloc Technologies
  9.3.1 Company Basic Information,Manufacturing Base and Competitors
  9.3.2 Alcohol Breathalyzer Testing Equipment Product Type and Technology
    9.3.2.1 Type I
    9.3.2.2 Type II
  9.3.3 Alcohol Breathalyzer Testing Equipment Sales, Revenue, Price of Lifeloc Technologies (2015 and 2016)
9.4 Alcohol Countermeasure Systems
  9.4.1 Company Basic Information,Manufacturing Base and Competitors
  9.4.2 Alcohol Breathalyzer Testing Equipment Product Type and Technology
    9.4.2.1 Type I
    9.4.2.2 Type II
  9.4.3 Alcohol Breathalyzer Testing Equipment Sales, Revenue, Price of Alcohol Countermeasure Systems (2015 and 2016)
9.5 Lion Laboratories Limited
  9.5.1 Company Basic Information,Manufacturing Base and Competitors
  9.5.2 Alcohol Breathalyzer Testing Equipment Product Type and Technology
    9.5.2.1 Type I
    9.5.2.2 Type II
  9.5.3 Alcohol Breathalyzer Testing Equipment Sales, Revenue, Price of Lion Laboratories Limited (2015 and 2016)
9.6 Alcolizer Technology
  9.6.1 Company Basic Information,Manufacturing Base and Competitors
  9.6.2 Alcohol Breathalyzer Testing Equipment Product Type and Technology
    9.6.2.1 Type I
    9.6.2.2 Type II
  9.6.3 Alcohol Breathalyzer Testing Equipment Sales, Revenue, Price of Alcolizer Technology (2015 and 2016)
9.7 Scram Systems
  9.7.1 Company Basic Information,Manufacturing Base and Competitors
  9.7.2 Alcohol Breathalyzer Testing Equipment Product Type and Technology
    9.7.2.1 Type I
    9.7.2.2 Type II
  9.7.3 Alcohol Breathalyzer Testing Equipment Sales, Revenue, Price of Scram Systems (2015 and 2016)
9.8 Breathalysers NZ Ltd
  9.8.1 Company Basic Information,Manufacturing Base and Competitors
  9.8.2 Alcohol Breathalyzer Testing Equipment Product Type and Technology
    9.8.2.1 Type I
    9.8.2.2 Type II
  9.8.3 Alcohol Breathalyzer Testing Equipment Sales, Revenue, Price of Breathalysers NZ Ltd (2015 and 2016)
9.9 American Interlock
  9.9.1 Company Basic Information,Manufacturing Base and Competitors
  9.9.2 Alcohol Breathalyzer Testing Equipment Product Type and Technology
    9.9.2.1 Type I
    9.9.2.2 Type II
  9.9.3 Alcohol Breathalyzer Testing Equipment Sales, Revenue, Price of American Interlock (2015 and 2016)
9.10 Alere
  9.10.1 Company Basic Information,Manufacturing Base and Competitors
  9.10.2 Alcohol Breathalyzer Testing Equipment Product Type and Technology
    9.10.2.1 Type I
    9.10.2.2 Type II
  9.10.3 Alcohol Breathalyzer Testing Equipment Sales, Revenue, Price of Alere (2015 and 2016)

10 ALCOHOL BREATHALYZER TESTING EQUIPMENT TECHNOLOGY AND DEVELOPMENT TREND

10.1 Alcohol Breathalyzer Testing Equipment Technology Analysis
10.2 Alcohol Breathalyzer Testing Equipment Technology Development Trend

11 RESEARCH FINDINGS AND CONCLUSION

List Of Tables

LIST OF TABLES AND FIGURES

Figure Picture of Alcohol Breathalyzer Testing Equipment
Table Classification of Alcohol Breathalyzer Testing Equipment
Figure Europe Sales Market Share of Alcohol Breathalyzer Testing Equipment by Types in 2015
Table Applications of Alcohol Breathalyzer Testing Equipment
Figure Europe Sales Market Share of Alcohol Breathalyzer Testing Equipment by Applications in 2015
Figure Germany Alcohol Breathalyzer Testing Equipment Revenue and Growth Rate (2011-2021)
Figure France Alcohol Breathalyzer Testing Equipment Revenue and Growth Rate (2011-2021)
Figure UK Alcohol Breathalyzer Testing Equipment Revenue and Growth Rate (2011-2021)
Figure Italy Alcohol Breathalyzer Testing Equipment Revenue and Growth Rate (2011-2021)
Figure Spain Alcohol Breathalyzer Testing Equipment Revenue and Growth Rate (2011-2021)
Figure Russia Alcohol Breathalyzer Testing Equipment Revenue and Growth Rate (2011-2021)
Table Europe Alcohol Breathalyzer Testing Equipment Sales, Revenue and Price (2011-2021)
Figure Europe Alcohol Breathalyzer Testing Equipment Sales and Growth Rate (2011-2021)
Figure Europe Alcohol Breathalyzer Testing Equipment Revenue and Growth Rate (2011-2021)
Table Europe Alcohol Breathalyzer Testing Equipment Sales of Key Manufacturers (2015 and 2016)
Table Europe Alcohol Breathalyzer Testing Equipment Sales Share by Manufacturers (2015 and 2016)
Figure 2015 Alcohol Breathalyzer Testing Equipment Sales Share by Manufacturers
Figure 2016 Alcohol Breathalyzer Testing Equipment Sales Share by Manufacturers
Table Europe Alcohol Breathalyzer Testing Equipment Revenue by Manufacturers (2015 and 2016)
Table Europe Alcohol Breathalyzer Testing Equipment Revenue Share by Manufacturers (2015 and 2016)
Table 2015 Europe Alcohol Breathalyzer Testing Equipment Revenue Share by Manufacturers
Table 2016 Europe Alcohol Breathalyzer Testing Equipment Revenue Share by Manufacturers
Table Europe Alcohol Breathalyzer Testing Equipment Sales and Market Share by Type (2011-2021)
Table Europe Alcohol Breathalyzer Testing Equipment Sales Share by Type (2011-2021)
Figure Sales Market Share of Alcohol Breathalyzer Testing Equipment by Type (2011-2021)
Figure Europe Alcohol Breathalyzer Testing Equipment Sales Growth Rate by Type (2011-2021)
Table Europe Alcohol Breathalyzer Testing Equipment Revenue and Market Share by Type (2011-2021)
Table Europe Alcohol Breathalyzer Testing Equipment Revenue Share by Type (2011-2021)
Figure Revenue Market Share of Alcohol Breathalyzer Testing Equipment by Type (2011-2021)
Figure Europe Alcohol Breathalyzer Testing Equipment Revenue Growth Rate by Type (2011-2021)
Table Europe Alcohol Breathalyzer Testing Equipment Sales and Market Share by Regions (2011-2021)
Table Europe Alcohol Breathalyzer Testing Equipment Sales Share by Regions (2011-2021)
Figure Sales Market Share of Alcohol Breathalyzer Testing Equipment by Regions (2011-2021)
Figure Europe Alcohol Breathalyzer Testing Equipment Sales Growth Rate by Regions (2011-2021)
Table Europe Alcohol Breathalyzer Testing Equipment Revenue and Market Share by Regions (2011-2021)
Table Europe Alcohol Breathalyzer Testing Equipment Revenue Share by Regions (2011-2021)
Figure Revenue Market Share of Alcohol Breathalyzer Testing Equipment by Regions (2011-2021)
Figure Europe Alcohol Breathalyzer Testing Equipment Revenue Growth Rate by Regions (2011-2021)
Table Europe Alcohol Breathalyzer Testing Equipment Sales and Market Share by Application (2011-2021)
Table Europe Alcohol Breathalyzer Testing Equipment Sales Share by Application (2011-2021)
Figure Sales Market Share of Alcohol Breathalyzer Testing Equipment by Application (2011-2021)
Figure Europe Alcohol Breathalyzer Testing Equipment Sales Growth Rate by Application (2011-2021)
Figure Germany Alcohol Breathalyzer Testing Equipment Sales and Growth Rate (2011-2021)
Figure Germany Alcohol Breathalyzer Testing Equipment Revenue and Growth Rate (2011-2021)
Figure Germany Alcohol Breathalyzer Testing Equipment Sales Price Trend (2011-2021)
Table Germany Alcohol Breathalyzer Testing Equipment Sales by Manufacturers (2015 and 2016)
Table Germany Alcohol Breathalyzer Testing Equipment Market Share by Manufacturers (2015 and 2016)
Table Germany Alcohol Breathalyzer Testing Equipment Sales by Type (2015 and 2016)
Table Germany Alcohol Breathalyzer Testing Equipment Market Share by Type (2015 and 2016)
Table Germany Alcohol Breathalyzer Testing Equipment Sales by Applications (2015 and 2016)
Table Germany Alcohol Breathalyzer Testing Equipment Market Share by Applications (2015 and 2016)
Figure UK Alcohol Breathalyzer Testing Equipment Sales and Growth Rate (2011-2021)
Figure UK Alcohol Breathalyzer Testing Equipment Revenue and Growth Rate (2011-2021)
Figure UK Alcohol Breathalyzer Testing Equipment Sales Price Trend (2011-2021)
Table UK Alcohol Breathalyzer Testing Equipment Sales by Manufacturers (2015 and 2016)
Table UK Alcohol Breathalyzer Testing Equipment Market Share by Manufacturers (2015 and 2016)
Table UK Alcohol Breathalyzer Testing Equipment Sales by Type (2015 and 2016)
Table UK Alcohol Breathalyzer Testing Equipment Market Share by Type (2015 and 2016)
Table UK Alcohol Breathalyzer Testing Equipment Sales by Applications (2015 and 2016)
Table UK Alcohol Breathalyzer Testing Equipment Market Share by Applications (2015 and 2016)
Figure France Alcohol Breathalyzer Testing Equipment Sales and Growth Rate (2011-2021)
Figure France Alcohol Breathalyzer Testing Equipment Revenue and Growth Rate (2011-2021)
Figure France Alcohol Breathalyzer Testing Equipment Sales Price Trend (2011-2021)
Table France Alcohol Breathalyzer Testing Equipment Sales by Manufacturers (2015 and 2016)
Table France Alcohol Breathalyzer Testing Equipment Market Share by Manufacturers (2015 and 2016)
Table France Alcohol Breathalyzer Testing Equipment Sales by Type (2015 and 2016)
Table France Alcohol Breathalyzer Testing Equipment Market Share by Type (2015 and 2016)
Table France Alcohol Breathalyzer Testing Equipment Sales by Applications (2015 and 2016)
Table France Alcohol Breathalyzer Testing Equipment Market Share by Applications (2015 and 2016)
Figure Italy Alcohol Breathalyzer Testing Equipment Sales and Growth Rate (2011-2021)
Figure Italy Alcohol Breathalyzer Testing Equipment Revenue and Growth Rate (2011-2021)
Figure Italy Alcohol Breathalyzer Testing Equipment Sales Price Trend (2011-2021)
Table Italy Alcohol Breathalyzer Testing Equipment Sales by Manufacturers (2015 and 2016)
Table Italy Alcohol Breathalyzer Testing Equipment Market Share by Manufacturers (2015 and 2016)
Table Italy Alcohol Breathalyzer Testing Equipment Sales by Type (2015 and 2016)
Table Italy Alcohol Breathalyzer Testing Equipment Market Share by Type (2015 and 2016)
Table Italy Alcohol Breathalyzer Testing Equipment Sales by Applications (2015 and 2016)
Table Italy Alcohol Breathalyzer Testing Equipment Market Share by Applications (2015 and 2016)
Figure Russia Alcohol Breathalyzer Testing Equipment Sales and Growth Rate (2011-2021)
Figure Russia Alcohol Breathalyzer Testing Equipment Revenue and Growth Rate (2011-2021)
Figure Russia Alcohol Breathalyzer Testing Equipment Sales Price Trend (2011-2021)
Table Russia Alcohol Breathalyzer Testing Equipment Sales by Manufacturers (2015 and 2016)
Table Russia Alcohol Breathalyzer Testing Equipment Market Share by Manufacturers (2015 and 2016)
Table Russia Alcohol Breathalyzer Testing Equipment Sales by Type (2015 and 2016)
Table Russia Alcohol Breathalyzer Testing Equipment Market Share by Type (2015 and 2016)
Table Russia Alcohol Breathalyzer Testing Equipment Sales by Applications (2015 and 2016)
Table Russia Alcohol Breathalyzer Testing Equipment Market Share by Applications (2015 and 2016)
Figure Spain Alcohol Breathalyzer Testing Equipment Sales and Growth Rate (2011-2021)
Figure Spain Alcohol Breathalyzer Testing Equipment Revenue and Growth Rate (2011-2021)
Figure Spain Alcohol Breathalyzer Testing Equipment Sales Price Trend (2011-2021)
Table Spain Alcohol Breathalyzer Testing Equipment Sales by Manufacturers (2015 and 2016)
Table Spain Alcohol Breathalyzer Testing Equipment Market Share by Manufacturers (2015 and 2016)
Table Spain Alcohol Breathalyzer Testing Equipment Sales by Type (2015 and 2016)
Table Spain Alcohol Breathalyzer Testing Equipment Market Share by Type (2015 and 2016)
Table Spain Alcohol Breathalyzer Testing Equipment Sales by Applications (2015 and 2016)
Table Spain Alcohol Breathalyzer Testing Equipment Market Share by Applications (2015 and 2016)
Table Drager Basic Information List
Table Alcohol Breathalyzer Testing Equipment Sales, Revenue, Price of Drager (2015 and 2016)
Table Intoximeters Basic Information List
Table Alcohol Breathalyzer Testing Equipment Sales, Revenue, Price of Intoximeters (2015 and 2016)
Table Lifeloc Technologies Basic Information List
Table Alcohol Breathalyzer Testing Equipment Sales, Revenue, Price of Lifeloc Technologies (2015 and 2016)
Table Alcohol Countermeasure Systems Basic Information List
Table Alcohol Breathalyzer Testing Equipment Sales, Revenue, Price of Alcohol Countermeasure Systems (2015 and 2016)
Table Lion Laboratories Limited Basic Information List
Table Alcohol Breathalyzer Testing Equipment Sales, Revenue, Price of Lion Laboratories Limited (2015 and 2016)
Table Alcolizer Technology Basic Information List
Table Alcohol Breathalyzer Testing Equipment Sales, Revenue, Price of Alcolizer Technology (2015 and 2016)
Table Scram Systems Basic Information List
Table Alcohol Breathalyzer Testing Equipment Sales, Revenue, Price of Scram Systems (2015 and 2016)
Table Breathalysers NZ Ltd Basic Information List
Table Alcohol Breathalyzer Testing Equipment Sales, Revenue, Price of Breathalysers NZ Ltd (2015 and 2016)
Table American Interlock Basic Information List
Table Alcohol Breathalyzer Testing Equipment Sales, Revenue, Price of American Interlock (2015 and 2016)
Table Alere Basic Information List
Table Alcohol Breathalyzer Testing Equipment Sales, Revenue, Price of Alere (2015 and 2016)