EMEA (Europe, Middle East and Africa) ECV profiler Market Report 2018

March 2018 | 106 pages | ID: E6ED1E78FB7QEN
QYResearch

Abstracts

In this report, the EMEA ECV profiler market is valued at USD XX million in 2017 and is expected to reach USD XX million by the end of 2025, growing at a CAGR of XX% between 2017 and 2025.

Geographically, this report split EMEA into Europe, the Middle East and Africa, With sales (K Units), revenue (Million USD), market share and growth rate of ECV profiler for these regions, from 2013 to 2025 (forecast)

• Europe: Germany, France, UK, Russia, Italy and Benelux;
• Middle East: Saudi Arabia, Israel, UAE and Iran;
• Africa: South Africa, Nigeria, Egypt and Algeria.

EMEA ECV profiler market competition by top manufacturers/players, with ECV profiler sales volume (K Units), price (USD/Unit), revenue (Million USD) and market share for each manufacturer/player; the top players including

• WEP(DE)
• Nanometrics Incorporated(US)
• Probion Analysis(FR)

On the basis of product, this report displays the sales volume, revenue, product price, market share and growth rate of each type, primarily split into

• Depth resolution:1nm ~ 100um
• Others

On the basis on the end users/applications, this report focuses on the status and outlook for major applications/end users, sales volume, market share and growth rate for each application, including

• Semiconductor
• Solar Energy
• Opto-electronic
• MEMS
• Others

If you have any special requirements, please let us know and we will offer you the report as you want.

Contents

EMEA (Europe, Middle East and Africa) ECV profiler Market Report 2018

1 ECV PROFILER OVERVIEW

1.1 Product Overview and Scope of ECV profiler
1.2 Classification of ECV profiler
  1.2.1 EMEA ECV profiler Market Size (Sales) Comparison by Type (2013-2025)
  1.2.2 EMEA ECV profiler Market Size (Sales) Market Share by Type (Product Category) in 2017
  1.2.3 Depth resolution:1nm ~ 100um
  1.2.4 Others
1.3 EMEA ECV profiler Market by Application/End Users
  1.3.1 EMEA ECV profiler Sales (Volume) and Market Share Comparison by Application (2013-2025)
  1.3.2 Semiconductor
  1.3.3 Solar Energy
  1.3.4 Opto-electronic
  1.3.5 MEMS
  1.3.6 Others
1.4 EMEA ECV profiler Market by Region
  1.4.1 EMEA ECV profiler Market Size (Value) Comparison by Region (2013-2025)
  1.4.2 Europe Status and Prospect (2013-2025)
  1.4.3 Middle East Status and Prospect (2013-2025)
  1.4.4 Africa Status and Prospect (2013-2025)
1.5 EMEA Market Size (Value and Volume) of ECV profiler (2013-2025)
  1.5.1 EMEA ECV profiler Sales and Growth Rate (2013-2025)
  1.5.2 EMEA ECV profiler Revenue and Growth Rate (2013-2025)

2 EMEA ECV PROFILER COMPETITION BY MANUFACTURERS/PLAYERS/SUPPLIERS, REGION, TYPE AND APPLICATION

2.1 EMEA ECV profiler Market Competition by Players/Manufacturers
  2.1.1 EMEA ECV profiler Sales Volume and Market Share of Major Players (2013-2018)
  2.1.2 EMEA ECV profiler Revenue and Share by Players (2013-2018)
  2.1.3 EMEA ECV profiler Sale Price by Players (2013-2018)
2.2 EMEA ECV profiler (Volume and Value) by Type/Product Category
  2.2.1 EMEA ECV profiler Sales and Market Share by Type (2013-2018)
  2.2.2 EMEA ECV profiler Revenue and Market Share by Type (2013-2018)
  2.2.3 EMEA ECV profiler Sale Price by Type (2013-2018)
2.3 EMEA ECV profiler (Volume) by Application
2.4 EMEA ECV profiler (Volume and Value) by Region
  2.4.1 EMEA ECV profiler Sales and Market Share by Region (2013-2018)
  2.4.2 EMEA ECV profiler Revenue and Market Share by Region (2013-2018)
  2.4.3 EMEA ECV profiler Sales Price by Region (2013-2018)

3 EUROPE ECV PROFILER (VOLUME, VALUE AND SALES PRICE), BY PLAYERS, COUNTRIES, TYPE AND APPLICATION

3.1 Europe ECV profiler Sales and Value (2013-2018)
  3.1.1 Europe ECV profiler Sales Volume and Growth Rate (2013-2018)
  3.1.2 Europe ECV profiler Revenue and Growth Rate (2013-2018)
3.2 Europe ECV profiler Sales and Market Share by Type
3.3 Europe ECV profiler Sales and Market Share by Application
3.4 Europe ECV profiler Sales Volume and Value (Revenue) by Countries
  3.4.1 Europe ECV profiler Sales Volume by Countries (2013-2018)
  3.4.2 Europe ECV profiler Revenue by Countries (2013-2018)
  3.4.3 Germany ECV profiler Sales and Growth Rate (2013-2018)
  3.4.4 France ECV profiler Sales and Growth Rate (2013-2018)
  3.4.5 UK ECV profiler Sales and Growth Rate (2013-2018)
  3.4.6 Russia ECV profiler Sales and Growth Rate (2013-2018)
  3.4.7 Italy ECV profiler Sales and Growth Rate (2013-2018)
  3.4.8 Benelux ECV profiler Sales and Growth Rate (2013-2018)

4 MIDDLE EAST ECV PROFILER (VOLUME, VALUE AND SALES PRICE), BY REGION, TYPE AND APPLICATION

4.1 Middle East ECV profiler Sales and Value (2013-2018)
  4.1.1 Middle East ECV profiler Sales Volume and Growth Rate (2013-2018)
  4.1.2 Middle East ECV profiler Revenue and Growth Rate (2013-2018)
4.2 Middle East ECV profiler Sales and Market Share by Type
4.3 Middle East ECV profiler Sales and Market Share by Application
4.4 Middle East ECV profiler Sales Volume and Value (Revenue) by Countries
  4.4.1 Middle East ECV profiler Sales Volume by Countries (2013-2018)
  4.4.2 Middle East ECV profiler Revenue by Countries (2013-2018)
  4.4.3 Saudi Arabia ECV profiler Sales and Growth Rate (2013-2018)
  4.4.4 Israel ECV profiler Sales and Growth Rate (2013-2018)
  4.4.5 UAE ECV profiler Sales and Growth Rate (2013-2018)
  4.4.6 Iran ECV profiler Sales and Growth Rate (2013-2018)

5 AFRICA ECV PROFILER (VOLUME, VALUE AND SALES PRICE) BY PLAYERS, COUNTRIES, TYPE AND APPLICATION

5.1 Africa ECV profiler Sales and Value (2013-2018)
  5.1.1 Africa ECV profiler Sales Volume and Growth Rate (2013-2018)
  5.1.2 Africa ECV profiler Revenue and Growth Rate (2013-2018)
5.2 Africa ECV profiler Sales and Market Share by Type
5.3 Africa ECV profiler Sales and Market Share by Application
5.4 Africa ECV profiler Sales Volume and Value (Revenue) by Countries
  5.4.1 Africa ECV profiler Sales Volume by Countries (2013-2018)
  5.4.2 Africa ECV profiler Revenue by Countries (2013-2018)
  5.4.3 South Africa ECV profiler Sales and Growth Rate (2013-2018)
  5.4.4 Nigeria ECV profiler Sales and Growth Rate (2013-2018)
  5.4.5 Egypt ECV profiler Sales and Growth Rate (2013-2018)
  5.4.6 Algeria ECV profiler Sales and Growth Rate (2013-2018)

6 EMEA ECV PROFILER MANUFACTURERS/PLAYERS PROFILES AND SALES DATA

6.1 WEP(DE)
  6.1.1 Company Basic Information, Manufacturing Base and Competitors
  6.1.2 ECV profiler Product Type, Application and Specification
    6.1.2.1 Product A
    6.1.2.2 Product B
  6.1.3 WEP(DE) ECV profiler Sales, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2013-2018)
  6.1.4 Main Business/Business Overview
6.2 Nanometrics Incorporated(US)
  6.2.1 Company Basic Information, Manufacturing Base and Competitors
  6.2.2 ECV profiler Product Type, Application and Specification
    6.2.2.1 Product A
    6.2.2.2 Product B
  6.2.3 Nanometrics Incorporated(US) ECV profiler Sales, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2013-2018)
  6.2.4 Main Business/Business Overview
6.3 Probion Analysis(FR)
  6.3.1 Company Basic Information, Manufacturing Base and Competitors
  6.3.2 ECV profiler Product Type, Application and Specification
    6.3.2.1 Product A
    6.3.2.2 Product B
  6.3.3 Probion Analysis(FR) ECV profiler Sales, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2013-2018)
  6.3.4 Main Business/Business Overview

7 ECV PROFILER MANUFACTURING COST ANALYSIS

7.1 ECV profiler Key Raw Materials Analysis
  7.1.1 Key Raw Materials
  7.1.2 Price Trend of Key Raw Materials
  7.1.3 Key Suppliers of Raw Materials
  7.1.4 Market Concentration Rate of Raw Materials
7.2 Proportion of Manufacturing Cost Structure
  7.2.1 Raw Materials
  7.2.2 Labor Cost
  7.2.3 Manufacturing Expenses
7.3 Manufacturing Process Analysis of ECV profiler

8 INDUSTRIAL CHAIN, SOURCING STRATEGY AND DOWNSTREAM BUYERS

8.1 ECV profiler Industrial Chain Analysis
8.2 Upstream Raw Materials Sourcing
8.3 Raw Materials Sources of ECV profiler Major Manufacturers in 2017
8.4 Downstream Buyers

9 MARKETING STRATEGY ANALYSIS, DISTRIBUTORS/TRADERS

9.1 Marketing Channel
  9.1.1 Direct Marketing
  9.1.2 Indirect Marketing
  9.1.3 Marketing Channel Development Trend
9.2 Market Positioning
  9.2.1 Pricing Strategy
  9.2.2 Brand Strategy
  9.2.3 Target Client
9.3 Distributors/Traders List

10 MARKET EFFECT FACTORS ANALYSIS

10.1 Technology Progress/Risk
  10.1.1 Substitutes Threat
  10.1.2 Technology Progress in Related Industry
10.2 Consumer Needs/Customer Preference Change
10.3 Economic/Political Environmental Change

11 EMEA ECV PROFILER MARKET FORECAST (2018-2025)

11.1 EMEA ECV profiler Sales, Revenue and Price Forecast (2018-2025)
  11.1.1 EMEA ECV profiler Sales and Growth Rate Forecast (2018-2025)
  11.1.2 EMEA ECV profiler Revenue and Growth Rate Forecast (2018-2025)
  11.1.3 EMEA ECV profiler Price and Trend Forecast (2018-2025)
11.2 EMEA ECV profiler Sales, Revenue and Growth Rate Forecast by Region (2018-2025)
11.3 Europe ECV profiler Sales, Revenue and Growth Rate Forecast by Region (2018-2025)
11.4 Middle Eastt ECV profiler Sales, Revenue and Growth Rate Forecast by Region (2018-2025)
11.5 Africa ECV profiler Sales, Revenue and Growth Rate Forecast by Region (2018-2025)
11.6 EMEA ECV profiler Sales Forecast by Type (2018-2025)
11.7 EMEA ECV profiler Sales Forecast by Application (2018-2025)

12 RESEARCH FINDINGS AND CONCLUSION

13 APPENDIX

13.1 Methodology/Research Approach
  13.1.1 Research Programs/Design
  13.1.2 Market Size Estimation
  13.1.3 Market Breakdown and Data Triangulation
13.2 Data Source
  13.2.1 Secondary Sources
  13.2.2 Primary Sources
13.3 Disclaimer

The report requires updating with new data and is sent in 2-3 business days after order is placed.

List Of Tables

LIST OF TABLES AND FIGURES

Figure Product Picture of ECV profiler
Figure EMEA ECV profiler Sales Volume (K Units) by Type (2013-2025)
Figure EMEA ECV profiler Sales Volume Market Share by Type (Product Category) in 2017
Figure Depth resolution:1nm ~ 100um Product Picture
Figure Others Product Picture
Figure EMEA ECV profiler Sales Volume (K Units) by Application (2013-2025)
Figure EMEA Sales Market Share of ECV profiler by Application in 2017
Figure Semiconductor Examples
Table Key Downstream Customer in Semiconductor
Figure Solar Energy Examples
Table Key Downstream Customer in Solar Energy
Figure Opto-electronic Examples
Table Key Downstream Customer in Opto-electronic
Figure MEMS Examples
Table Key Downstream Customer in MEMS
Figure Others Examples
Table Key Downstream Customer in Others
Figure EMEA ECV profiler Market Size (Million USD) by Region (2013-2025)
Figure Europe ECV profiler Revenue (Million USD) and Growth Rate (2013-2025)
Figure Europe ECV profiler Revenue (Million USD) Status and Forecast by Countries
Figure Middle East ECV profiler Revenue (Million USD) and Growth Rate (2013-2025)
Figure Middle East ECV profiler Revenue (Million USD) Status and Forecast by Countries
Figure Africa ECV profiler Revenue (Million USD) and Growth Rate (2013-2025)
Figure Africa ECV profiler Revenue (Million USD) Status and Forecast by Countries
Figure EMEA ECV profiler Sales Volume and Growth Rate (2013-2025)
Figure EMEA ECV profiler Revenue (Million USD) and Growth Rate (2013-2025)
Figure EMEA ECV profiler Market Major Players Product Sales Volume (K Units) (2013-2018)
Table EMEA ECV profiler Sales Volume (K Units) of Major Players (2013-2018)
Table EMEA ECV profiler Sales Share by Players (2013-2018)
Figure 2017 ECV profiler Sales Share by Players
Figure 2017 ECV profiler Sales Share by Players
Figure EMEA ECV profiler Market Major Players Product Revenue (Million USD) (2013-2018)
Table EMEA ECV profiler Revenue (Million USD) by Players (2013-2018)
Table EMEA ECV profiler Revenue Share by Players (2013-2018)
Table 2017 EMEA ECV profiler Revenue Share by Players
Table 2017 EMEA ECV profiler Revenue Share by Players
Table EMEA ECV profiler Sale Price (USD/Unit) by Players (2013-2018)
Table EMEA ECV profiler Sales (K Units) and Market Share by Type (2013-2018)
Table EMEA ECV profiler Sales Share by Type (2013-2018)
Figure Sales Market Share of ECV profiler by Type (2013-2018)
Figure EMEA ECV profiler Sales Market Share by Type (2013-2018)
Table EMEA ECV profiler Revenue (Million USD) and Market Share by Type (2013-2018)
Table EMEA ECV profiler Revenue Share by Type (2013-2018)
Figure Revenue Market Share of ECV profiler by Type in 2017
Table EMEA ECV profiler Sale Price (USD/Unit) by Type (2013-2018)
Table EMEA ECV profiler Sales (K Units) and Market Share by Application (2013-2018)
Table EMEA ECV profiler Sales Share by Application (2013-2018)
Figure Sales Market Share of ECV profiler by Application (2013-2018)
Figure EMEA ECV profiler Sales Market Share by Application in 2017
Table EMEA ECV profiler Sales (K Units) and Market Share by Region (2013-2018)
Table EMEA ECV profiler Sales Share by Region (2013-2018)
Figure Sales Market Share of ECV profiler by Region (2013-2018)
Figure EMEA ECV profiler Sales Market Share in 2017
Table EMEA ECV profiler Revenue (Million USD) and Market Share by Region (2013-2018)
Table EMEA ECV profiler Revenue Share by Region (2013-2018)
Figure Revenue Market Share of ECV profiler by Region (2013-2018)
Figure EMEA ECV profiler Revenue Market Share Regions in 2017
Table EMEA ECV profiler Sales Price (USD/Unit) by Region (2013-2018)
Figure Europe ECV profiler Sales (K Units) and Growth Rate (2013-2018)
Figure Europe ECV profiler Revenue and Growth Rate (2013-2018)
Table Europe ECV profiler Sales (K Units) by Type (2013-2018)
Table Europe ECV profiler Market Share by Type (2013-2018)
Figure Europe ECV profiler Market Share by Type in 2017
Table Europe ECV profiler Sales (K Units) by Application (2013-2018)
Table Europe ECV profiler Market Share by Application (2013-2018)
Figure Europe ECV profiler Market Share by Application in 2017
Table Europe ECV profiler Sales (K Units) by Countries (2013-2018)
Table Europe ECV profiler Sales Market Share by Countries (2013-2018)
Figure Europe ECV profiler Sales Market Share by Countries (2013-2018)
Figure Europe ECV profiler Sales Market Share by Countries in 2017
Table Europe ECV profiler Revenue (Million USD) by Countries (2013-2018)
Table Europe ECV profiler Revenue Market Share by Countries (2013-2018)
Figure Europe ECV profiler Revenue Market Share by Countries (2013-2018)
Figure Europe ECV profiler Revenue Market Share by Countries in 2017
Figure Germany ECV profiler Sales (K Units) and Growth Rate (2013-2018)
Figure France ECV profiler Sales (K Units) and Growth Rate (2013-2018)
Figure UK ECV profiler Sales (K Units) and Growth Rate (2013-2018)
Figure Russia ECV profiler Sales (K Units) and Growth Rate (2013-2018)
Figure Italy ECV profiler Sales (K Units) and Growth Rate (2013-2018)
Figure Benelux ECV profiler Sales (K Units) and Growth Rate (2013-2018)
Figure Middle East ECV profiler Sales (K Units) and Growth Rate (2013-2018)
Figure Middle East ECV profiler Revenue (Million USD) and Growth Rate (2013-2018)
Table Middle East ECV profiler Sales (K Units) by Type (2013-2018)
Table Middle East ECV profiler Market Share by Type (2013-2018)
Figure Middle East ECV profiler Market Share by Type (2013-2018)
Table Middle East ECV profiler Sales (K Units) by Applications (2013-2018)
Table Middle East ECV profiler Market Share by Applications (2013-2018)
Figure Middle East ECV profiler Sales Market Share by Application in 2017
Table Middle East ECV profiler Sales Volume (K Units) by Countries (2013-2018)
Table Middle East ECV profiler Sales Volume Market Share by Countries (2013-2018)
Figure Middle East ECV profiler Sales Volume Market Share by Countries in 2017
Table Middle East ECV profiler Revenue (Million USD) by Countries (2013-2018)
Table Middle East ECV profiler Revenue Market Share by Countries (2013-2018)
Figure Middle East ECV profiler Revenue Market Share by Countries (2013-2018)
Figure Middle East ECV profiler Revenue Market Share by Countries in 2017
Figure Saudi Arabia ECV profiler Sales (K Units) and Growth Rate (2013-2018)
Figure Israel ECV profiler Sales (K Units) and Growth Rate (2013-2018)
Figure UAE ECV profiler Sales (K Units) and Growth Rate (2013-2018)
Figure Iran ECV profiler Sales (K Units) and Growth Rate (2013-2018)
Figure Africa ECV profiler Sales (K Units) and Growth Rate (2013-2018)
Figure Africa ECV profiler Revenue (Million USD) and Growth Rate (2013-2018)
Table Africa ECV profiler Sales (K Units) by Type (2013-2018)
Table Africa ECV profiler Sales Market Share by Type (2013-2018)
Figure Africa ECV profiler Sales Market Share by Type (2013-2018)
Figure Africa ECV profiler Sales Market Share by Type in 2017
Table Africa ECV profiler Sales (K Units) by Application (2013-2018)
Table Africa ECV profiler Sales Market Share by Application (2013-2018)
Figure Africa ECV profiler Sales Market Share by Application (2013-2018)
Table Africa ECV profiler Sales Volume (K Units) by Countries (2013-2018)
Table Africa ECV profiler Sales Market Share by Countries (2013-2018)
Figure Africa ECV profiler Sales Market Share by Countries (2013-2018)
Figure Africa ECV profiler Sales Market Share by Countries in 2017
Table Africa ECV profiler Revenue (Million USD) by Countries (2013-2018)
Table Africa ECV profiler Revenue Market Share by Countries (2013-2018)
Figure Africa ECV profiler Revenue Market Share by Countries (2013-2018)
Figure Africa ECV profiler Revenue Market Share by Countries in 2017
Figure South Africa ECV profiler Sales (K Units) and Growth Rate (2013-2018)
Figure Nigeria ECV profiler Sales (K Units) and Growth Rate (2013-2018)
Figure Egypt ECV profiler Sales (K Units) and Growth Rate (2013-2018)
Figure Algeria ECV profiler Sales (K Units) and Growth Rate (2013-2018)
Table WEP(DE) ECV profiler Basic Information List
Table WEP(DE) ECV profiler Sales (K Units), Revenue (Million USD), Price (USD/Unit) and Gross Margin (2013-2018)
Figure WEP(DE) ECV profiler Sales (K Units) and Growth Rate (2013-2018)
Figure WEP(DE) ECV profiler Sales Market Share in EMEA (2013-2018)
Figure WEP(DE) ECV profiler Revenue Market Share in EMEA (2013-2018)
Table Nanometrics Incorporated(US) ECV profiler Basic Information List
Table Nanometrics Incorporated(US) ECV profiler Sales (K Units), Revenue (Million USD), Price (USD/Unit) and Gross Margin (2013-2018)
Figure Nanometrics Incorporated(US) ECV profiler Sales (K Units) and Growth Rate (2013-2018)
Figure Nanometrics Incorporated(US) ECV profiler Sales Market Share in EMEA (2013-2018)
Figure Nanometrics Incorporated(US) ECV profiler Revenue Market Share in EMEA (2013-2018)
Table Probion Analysis(FR) ECV profiler Basic Information List
Table Probion Analysis(FR) ECV profiler Sales (K Units), Revenue (Million USD), Price (USD/Unit) and Gross Margin (2013-2018)
Figure Probion Analysis(FR) ECV profiler Sales (K Units) and Growth Rate (2013-2018)
Figure Probion Analysis(FR) ECV profiler Sales Market Share in EMEA (2013-2018)
Figure Probion Analysis(FR) ECV profiler Revenue Market Share in EMEA (2013-2018)
Table Production Base and Market Concentration Rate of Raw Material
Figure Price Trend of Key Raw Materials
Table Key Suppliers of Raw Materials
Figure Manufacturing Cost Structure of ECV profiler
Figure Manufacturing Process Analysis of ECV profiler
Figure ECV profiler Industrial Chain Analysis
Table Raw Materials Sources of ECV profiler Major Manufacturers in 2017
Table Major Buyers of ECV profiler
Table Distributors/Traders List
Figure EMEA ECV profiler Sales (K Units) and Growth Rate Forecast (2018-2025)
Figure EMEA ECV profiler Revenue and Growth Rate Forecast (2018-2025)
Figure EMEA ECV profiler Price (USD/Unit) and Trend Forecast (2018-2025)
Table EMEA ECV profiler Sales (K Units) Forecast by Region (2018-2025)
Figure EMEA ECV profiler Sales Market Share Forecast by Region (2018-2025)
Table EMEA ECV profiler Revenue (Million USD) Forecast by Region (2018-2025)
Figure EMEA ECV profiler Revenue Market Share Forecast by Region (2018-2025)
Table Europe ECV profiler Sales (K Units) Forecast by Countries (2018-2025)
Figure Europe ECV profiler Sales Market Share Forecast by Countries (2018-2025)
Table Europe ECV profiler Revenue (Million USD) Forecast by Countries (2018-2025)
Figure Europe ECV profiler Revenue Market Share Forecast by Countries (2018-2025)
Table Middle East ECV profiler Sales (K Units) Forecast by Countries (2018-2025)
Figure Middle East ECV profiler Sales Market Share Forecast by Countries (2018-2025)
Table Middle East ECV profiler Revenue (Million USD) Forecast by Countries (2018-2025)
Figure Middle East ECV profiler Revenue Market Share Forecast by Countries (2018-2025)
Table Africa ECV profiler Sales (K Units) Forecast by Countries (2018-2025)
Figure Africa ECV profiler Sales Market Share Forecast by Countries (2018-2025)
Table Africa ECV profiler Revenue (Million USD) Forecast by Countries (2018-2025)
Figure Africa ECV profiler Revenue Market Share Forecast by Countries (2018-2025)
Table EMEA ECV profiler Sales (K Units) Forecast by Type (2018-2025)
Figure EMEA ECV profiler Sales Market Share Forecast by Type (2018-2025)
Table EMEA ECV profiler Sales (K Units) Forecast by Application (2018-2025)
Figure EMEA ECV profiler Sales Market Share Forecast by Application (2018-2025)
Table Research Programs/Design for This Report
Figure Bottom-up and Top-down Approaches for This Report
Figure Data Triangulation
Table Key Data Information from Secondary Sources
Table Key Data Information from Primary Sources