China Industrial V-Belts Market Research Report 2017

December 2017 | 113 pages | ID: CE4857E7399EN
QYResearch

Abstracts

The global Industrial V-Belts market is valued at XX million USD in 2016 and is expected to reach XX million USD by the end of 2022, growing at a CAGR of XX% between 2016 and 2022.

China plays an important role in global market, with market size of xx million USD in 2016 and will be xx million USD in 2022, with a CAGR of xx%.

This report studies the Industrial V-Belts development status and future trend in China, focuses on top players in China, also splits Industrial V-Belts by type and by applications, to fully and deeply research and reveal the market general situation and future forecast.

The major players in China market include

• ContiTech
• Gates
• Optibelt
• SKF
• Bando
• BEHA
• COLMANT CUVELIER
• Dayco
• Dunlop
• Fenner
• Flexer Rubber
• Goodyear
• HUTCHINSON
• Lovejoy
• Megadyne
• Mitsuboshi Belting
• Navyug

Geographically, this report splits the China market into six regions,

• South China
• East China
• Southwest China
• Northeast China
• North China
• Central China
• Northwest China

On the basis of product, this report displays the sales volume (K Units), revenue (Million USD), product price (USD/Unit), market share and growth rate of each type, primarily split into

• Heavy-Duty V-Belts
• Light-Duty V-Belts

On the basis of the end users/application, this report covers

• Material Handling
• Industrial Machinery
• Agriculture
• Mining
• Others

If you have any special requirements, please let us know and we will offer you the report as you want.

Contents

China Industrial V-Belts Market Research Report 2017

1 INDUSTRIAL V-BELTS OVERVIEW

1.1 Product Overview and Scope of Industrial V-Belts
1.2 Classification of Industrial V-Belts by Product Category
  1.2.1 China Industrial V-Belts Sales (K Units) Comparison by Type (2012-2022)
  1.2.2 China Industrial V-Belts Sales (K Units) Market Share by Type in 2016
  1.2.3 Heavy-Duty V-Belts
  1.2.4 Light-Duty V-Belts
1.3 China Industrial V-Belts Market by Application/End Users
  1.3.1 China Industrial V-Belts Sales (K Units) and Market Share Comparison by Applications (2012-2022)
  1.3.2 Material Handling
  1.3.3 Industrial Machinery
  1.3.4 Agriculture
  1.3.5 Mining
  1.3.6 Others
1.4 China Industrial V-Belts Market by Region
  1.4.1 China Industrial V-Belts Market Size (Million USD) Comparison by Region (2012-2022)
  1.4.2 South China Industrial V-Belts Status and Prospect (2012-2022)
  1.4.3 East China Industrial V-Belts Status and Prospect (2012-2022)
  1.4.4 Southwest China Industrial V-Belts Status and Prospect (2012-2022)
  1.4.5 Northeast China Industrial V-Belts Status and Prospect (2012-2022)
  1.4.6 North China Industrial V-Belts Status and Prospect (2012-2022)
  1.4.7 Central China Industrial V-Belts Status and Prospect (2012-2022)
1.5 China Market Size (Sales and Revenue) of Industrial V-Belts (2012-2022)
  1.5.1 China Industrial V-Belts Sales (K Units) and Growth Rate (%)(2012-2022)
  1.5.2 China Industrial V-Belts Revenue (Million USD) and Growth Rate (%)(2012-2022)

2 CHINA INDUSTRIAL V-BELTS MARKET COMPETITION BY PLAYERS/MANUFACTURERS

2.1 China Industrial V-Belts Sales and Market Share of Key Players/Manufacturers (2012-2017)
2.2 China Industrial V-Belts Revenue and Share by Players/Manufacturers (2012-2017)
2.3 China Industrial V-Belts Average Price (USD/Unit) by Players/Manufacturers (2012-2017)
2.4 China Industrial V-Belts Market Competitive Situation and Trends
  2.4.1 China Industrial V-Belts Market Concentration Rate
  2.4.2 China Industrial V-Belts Market Share of Top 3 and Top 5 Players/Manufacturers
  2.4.3 Mergers & Acquisitions, Expansion in China Market
2.5 China Players/Manufacturers Industrial V-Belts Manufacturing Base Distribution, Sales Area, Product Types

3 CHINA INDUSTRIAL V-BELTS SALES AND REVENUE BY REGION (2012-2017)

3.1 China Industrial V-Belts Sales (K Units) and Market Share by Region (2012-2017)
3.2 China Industrial V-Belts Revenue (Million USD) and Market Share by Region (2012-2017)
3.3 China Industrial V-Belts Price (USD/Unit) by Regions (2012-2017)

4 CHINA '&B1&' SALES AND REVENUE BY TYPE/ PRODUCT CATEGORY (2012-2017)'

4.1 China Industrial V-Belts Sales (K Units) and Market Share by Type/ Product Category (2012-2017)
4.2 China Industrial V-Belts Revenue (Million USD) and Market Share by Type (2012-2017)
4.3 China Industrial V-Belts Price (USD/Unit) by Type (2012-2017)
4.4 China Industrial V-Belts Sales Growth Rate (%) by Type (2012-2017)

5 CHINA '&B1&' SALES BY APPLICATION (2012-2017)'

5.1 China Industrial V-Belts Sales (K Units) and Market Share by Application (2012-2017)
5.2 China Industrial V-Belts Sales Growth Rate (%) by Application (2012-2017)
5.3 Market Drivers and Opportunities

6 CHINA INDUSTRIAL V-BELTS PLAYERS/SUPPLIERS PROFILES AND SALES DATA

6.1 ContiTech
  6.1.1 Company Basic Information, Manufacturing Base and Competitors
  6.1.2 Industrial V-Belts Product Category, Application and Specification
    6.1.2.1 Product A
    6.1.2.2 Product B
  6.1.3 ContiTech Industrial V-Belts Sales (K Units), Revenue (Million USD), Price (USD/Unit) and Gross Margin (%)(2012-2017)
  6.1.4 Main Business/Business Overview
6.2 Gates
  6.2.1 Company Basic Information, Manufacturing Base and Competitors
  6.2.2 Industrial V-Belts Product Category, Application and Specification
    6.2.2.1 Product A
    6.2.2.2 Product B
  6.2.3 Gates Industrial V-Belts Sales (K Units), Revenue (Million USD), Price (USD/Unit) and Gross Margin (%)(2012-2017)
  6.2.4 Main Business/Business Overview
6.3 Optibelt
  6.3.1 Company Basic Information, Manufacturing Base and Competitors
  6.3.2 Industrial V-Belts Product Category, Application and Specification
    6.3.2.1 Product A
    6.3.2.2 Product B
  6.3.3 Optibelt Industrial V-Belts Sales (K Units), Revenue (Million USD), Price (USD/Unit) and Gross Margin (%)(2012-2017)
  6.3.4 Main Business/Business Overview
6.4 SKF
  6.4.1 Company Basic Information, Manufacturing Base and Competitors
  6.4.2 Industrial V-Belts Product Category, Application and Specification
    6.4.2.1 Product A
    6.4.2.2 Product B
  6.4.3 SKF Industrial V-Belts Sales (K Units), Revenue (Million USD), Price (USD/Unit) and Gross Margin (%)(2012-2017)
  6.4.4 Main Business/Business Overview
6.5 Bando
  6.5.1 Company Basic Information, Manufacturing Base and Competitors
  6.5.2 Industrial V-Belts Product Category, Application and Specification
    6.5.2.1 Product A
    6.5.2.2 Product B
  6.5.3 Bando Industrial V-Belts Sales (K Units), Revenue (Million USD), Price (USD/Unit) and Gross Margin (%)(2012-2017)
  6.5.4 Main Business/Business Overview
6.6 BEHA
  6.6.1 Company Basic Information, Manufacturing Base and Competitors
  6.6.2 Industrial V-Belts Product Category, Application and Specification
    6.6.2.1 Product A
    6.6.2.2 Product B
  6.6.3 BEHA Industrial V-Belts Sales (K Units), Revenue (Million USD), Price (USD/Unit) and Gross Margin (%)(2012-2017)
  6.6.4 Main Business/Business Overview
6.7 COLMANT CUVELIER
  6.7.1 Company Basic Information, Manufacturing Base and Competitors
  6.7.2 Industrial V-Belts Product Category, Application and Specification
    6.7.2.1 Product A
    6.7.2.2 Product B
  6.7.3 COLMANT CUVELIER Industrial V-Belts Sales (K Units), Revenue (Million USD), Price (USD/Unit) and Gross Margin (%)(2012-2017)
  6.7.4 Main Business/Business Overview
6.8 Dayco
  6.8.1 Company Basic Information, Manufacturing Base and Competitors
  6.8.2 Industrial V-Belts Product Category, Application and Specification
    6.8.2.1 Product A
    6.8.2.2 Product B
  6.8.3 Dayco Industrial V-Belts Sales (K Units), Revenue (Million USD), Price (USD/Unit) and Gross Margin (%)(2012-2017)
  6.8.4 Main Business/Business Overview
6.9 Dunlop
  6.9.1 Company Basic Information, Manufacturing Base and Competitors
  6.9.2 Industrial V-Belts Product Category, Application and Specification
    6.9.2.1 Product A
    6.9.2.2 Product B
  6.9.3 Dunlop Industrial V-Belts Sales (K Units), Revenue (Million USD), Price (USD/Unit) and Gross Margin (%)(2012-2017)
  6.9.4 Main Business/Business Overview
6.10 Fenner
  6.10.1 Company Basic Information, Manufacturing Base and Competitors
  6.10.2 Industrial V-Belts Product Category, Application and Specification
    6.10.2.1 Product A
    6.10.2.2 Product B
  6.10.3 Fenner Industrial V-Belts Sales (K Units), Revenue (Million USD), Price (USD/Unit) and Gross Margin (%)(2012-2017)
  6.10.4 Main Business/Business Overview
6.11 Flexer Rubber
6.12 Goodyear
6.13 HUTCHINSON
6.14 Lovejoy
6.15 Megadyne
6.16 Mitsuboshi Belting
6.17 Navyug

7 INDUSTRIAL V-BELTS MANUFACTURING COST ANALYSIS

7.1 Industrial V-Belts Key Raw Materials Analysis
  7.1.1 Key Raw Materials
  7.1.2 Price Trend of Key Raw Materials
  7.1.3 Key Suppliers of Raw Materials
  7.1.4 Market Concentration Rate of Raw Materials
7.2 Proportion of Manufacturing Cost Structure
  7.2.1 Raw Materials
  7.2.2 Labor Cost
  7.2.3 Manufacturing Expenses
7.3 Manufacturing Process Analysis of Industrial V-Belts

8 INDUSTRIAL CHAIN, SOURCING STRATEGY AND DOWNSTREAM BUYERS

8.1 Industrial V-Belts Industrial Chain Analysis
8.2 Upstream Raw Materials Sourcing
8.3 Raw Materials Sources of Industrial V-Belts Major Manufacturers in 2016
8.4 Downstream Buyers

9 MARKETING STRATEGY ANALYSIS, DISTRIBUTORS/TRADERS

9.1 Marketing Channel
  9.1.1 Direct Marketing
  9.1.2 Indirect Marketing
  9.1.3 Marketing Channel Development Trend
9.2 Market Positioning
  9.2.1 Pricing Strategy
  9.2.2 Brand Strategy
  9.2.3 Target Client
9.3 Distributors/Traders List

10 MARKET EFFECT FACTORS ANALYSIS

10.1 Technology Progress/Risk
  10.1.1 Substitutes Threat
  10.1.2 Technology Progress in Related Industry
10.2 Consumer Needs/Customer Preference Change
10.3 Economic/Political Environmental Change

11 CHINA INDUSTRIAL V-BELTS MARKET SIZE (SALES AND REVENUE) FORECAST (2017-2022)

11.1 China Industrial V-Belts Sales (K Units), Revenue (Million USD) Forecast (2017-2022)
11.2 China Industrial V-Belts Sales (K Units) Forecast by Type (2017-2022)
11.3 China Industrial V-Belts Sales (K Units) Forecast by Application (2017-2022)
11.4 China Industrial V-Belts Sales (K Units) Forecast by Region (2017-2022)

12 RESEARCH FINDINGS AND CONCLUSION

13 METHODOLOGY AND DATA SOURCE

13.1 Methodology/Research Approach
  13.1.1 Research Programs/Design
  13.1.2 Market Size Estimation
  13.1.3 Market Breakdown and Data Triangulation
13.2 Data Source
  13.2.1 Secondary Sources
  13.2.2 Primary Sources
13.3 Disclaimer
13.4 Author List


The report requires updating with new data and is sent in 2-3 business days after order is placed.

List Of Tables

LIST OF TABLES AND FIGURES

Figure Global and China Market Size (Million USD) Comparison (2012-2022)
Table Industrial V-Belts Sales (K Units) and Revenue (Million USD) Market Split by Product Type
Table Industrial V-Belts Sales (K Units) by Application (2016-2022)
Figure Product Picture of Industrial V-Belts
Table China Industrial V-Belts Sales (K Units) and Growth Rate (%) Comparison by Types (Product Category) (2012-2022)
Figure China Industrial V-Belts Sales Volume Market Share by Types in 2016
Figure Heavy-Duty V-Belts Product Picture
Figure Light-Duty V-Belts Product Picture
Figure China Industrial V-Belts Sales (K Units) Comparison by Application (2012-2022)
Figure China Sales Market Share (%) of Industrial V-Belts by Application in 2016
Figure Material Handling Examples
Table Key Downstream Customer in Material Handling
Figure Industrial Machinery Examples
Table Key Downstream Customer in Industrial Machinery
Figure Agriculture Examples
Table Key Downstream Customer in Agriculture
Figure Mining Examples
Table Key Downstream Customer in Mining
Figure Others Examples
Table Key Downstream Customer in Others
Figure South China Industrial V-Belts Revenue (Million USD) and Growth Rate (2012-2022)
Figure East China Industrial V-Belts Revenue (Million USD) and Growth Rate (2012-2022)
Figure Southwest China Industrial V-Belts Revenue (Million USD) and Growth Rate (2012-2022)
Figure Northeast China Industrial V-Belts Revenue (Million USD) and Growth Rate (2012-2022)
Figure North China Industrial V-Belts Revenue (Million USD) and Growth Rate (2012-2022)
Figure Central China Industrial V-Belts Revenue (Million USD) and Growth Rate (2012-2022)
Figure China Industrial V-Belts Sales (K Units) and Growth Rate (%)(2012-2022)
Figure China Industrial V-Belts Revenue (Million USD) and Growth Rate (%)(2012-2022)
Table China Industrial V-Belts Sales of Key Players/Manufacturers (2012-2017)
Table China Industrial V-Belts Sales Share (%) by Players/Manufacturers (2012-2017)
Figure 2016 China Industrial V-Belts Sales Share (%) by Players/Manufacturers
Figure 2017 China Industrial V-Belts Sales Share (%) by Players/Manufacturers
Table China Industrial V-Belts Revenue by Players/Manufacturers (2012-2017)
Table China Industrial V-Belts Revenue Market Share (%) by Players/Manufacturers (2012-2017)
Figure 2016 China Industrial V-Belts Revenue Market Share (%) by Players/Manufacturers
Figure 2017 China Industrial V-Belts Revenue Market Share (%) by Players/Manufacturers
Table China Market Industrial V-Belts Average Price of Key Players/Manufacturers (2012-2017)
Figure China Market Industrial V-Belts Average Price of Key Players/Manufacturers in 2016
Figure China Industrial V-Belts Market Share of Top 3 Players/Manufacturers
Figure China Industrial V-Belts Market Share of Top 5 Players/Manufacturers
Table China Players/Manufacturers Industrial V-Belts Manufacturing Base Distribution and Sales Area
Table China Players/Manufacturers Industrial V-Belts Product Category
Table China Industrial V-Belts Sales (K Units) by Regions (2012-2017)
Table China Industrial V-Belts Sales Share (%) by Regions (2012-2017)
Figure China Industrial V-Belts Sales Share (%) by Regions (2012-2017)
Figure China Industrial V-Belts Sales Market Share (%) by Regions in 2016
Table China Industrial V-Belts Revenue (Million USD) and Market Share by Regions (2012-2017)
Table China Industrial V-Belts Revenue Market Share (%) by Regions (2012-2017)
Figure China Industrial V-Belts Revenue Market Share (%) by Regions (2012-2017)
Figure China Industrial V-Belts Revenue Market Share (%) by Regions in 2016
Table China Industrial V-Belts Price (USD/Unit) by Regions (2012-2017)
Table China Industrial V-Belts Sales (K Units) by Type (2012-2017)
Table China Industrial V-Belts Sales Share (%) by Type (2012-2017)
Figure China Industrial V-Belts Sales Share (%) by Type (2012-2017)
Figure China Industrial V-Belts Sales Market Share (%) by Type in 2016
Table China Industrial V-Belts Revenue (Million USD) and Market Share by Type (2012-2017)
Table China Industrial V-Belts Revenue Market Share (%) by Type (2012-2017)
Figure Revenue Market Share of Industrial V-Belts by Type (2012-2017)
Figure Revenue Market Share of Industrial V-Belts by Type in 2016
Table China Industrial V-Belts Price (USD/Unit) by Types (2012-2017)
Figure China Industrial V-Belts Sales Growth Rate (%) by Type (2012-2017)
Table China Industrial V-Belts Sales (K Units) by Applications (2012-2017)
Table China Industrial V-Belts Sales Market Share (%) by Applications (2012-2017)
Figure China Industrial V-Belts Sales Market Share (%) by Application (2012-2017)
Figure China Industrial V-Belts Sales Market Share (%) by Application in 2016
Table China Industrial V-Belts Sales Growth Rate (%) by Application (2012-2017)
Figure China Industrial V-Belts Sales Growth Rate (%) by Application (2012-2017)
Table ContiTech Industrial V-Belts Basic Information List
Table ContiTech Industrial V-Belts Sales (K Units), Revenue (Million USD), Price (USD/Unit) and Gross Margin (%)(2012-2017)
Figure ContiTech Industrial V-Belts Sales (K Units) and Growth Rate (%)(2012-2017)
Figure ContiTech Industrial V-Belts Sales Market Share (%) in China (2012-2017)
Figure ContiTech Industrial V-Belts Revenue Market Share (%) in China (2012-2017)
Table Gates Industrial V-Belts Basic Information List
Table Gates Industrial V-Belts Sales (K Units), Revenue (Million USD), Price (USD/Unit) and Gross Margin (%)(2012-2017)
Figure Gates Industrial V-Belts Sales (K Units) and Growth Rate (%)(2012-2017)
Figure Gates Industrial V-Belts Sales Market Share (%) in China (2012-2017)
Figure Gates Industrial V-Belts Revenue Market Share (%) in China (2012-2017)
Table Optibelt Industrial V-Belts Basic Information List
Table Optibelt Industrial V-Belts Sales (K Units), Revenue (Million USD), Price (USD/Unit) and Gross Margin (%)(2012-2017)
Figure Optibelt Industrial V-Belts Sales (K Units) and Growth Rate (%)(2012-2017)
Figure Optibelt Industrial V-Belts Sales Market Share (%) in China (2012-2017)
Figure Optibelt Industrial V-Belts Revenue Market Share (%) in China (2012-2017)
Table SKF Industrial V-Belts Basic Information List
Table SKF Industrial V-Belts Sales (K Units), Revenue (Million USD), Price (USD/Unit) and Gross Margin (%)(2012-2017)
Figure SKF Industrial V-Belts Sales (K Units) and Growth Rate (%)(2012-2017)
Figure SKF Industrial V-Belts Sales Market Share (%) in China (2012-2017)
Figure SKF Industrial V-Belts Revenue Market Share (%) in China (2012-2017)
Table Bando Industrial V-Belts Basic Information List
Table Bando Industrial V-Belts Sales (K Units), Revenue (Million USD), Price (USD/Unit) and Gross Margin (%)(2012-2017)
Figure Bando Industrial V-Belts Sales (K Units) and Growth Rate (%)(2012-2017)
Figure Bando Industrial V-Belts Sales Market Share (%) in China (2012-2017)
Figure Bando Industrial V-Belts Revenue Market Share (%) in China (2012-2017)
Table BEHA Industrial V-Belts Basic Information List
Table BEHA Industrial V-Belts Sales (K Units), Revenue (Million USD), Price (USD/Unit) and Gross Margin (%)(2012-2017)
Figure BEHA Industrial V-Belts Sales (K Units) and Growth Rate (%)(2012-2017)
Figure BEHA Industrial V-Belts Sales Market Share (%) in China (2012-2017)
Figure BEHA Industrial V-Belts Revenue Market Share (%) in China (2012-2017)
Table COLMANT CUVELIER Industrial V-Belts Basic Information List
Table COLMANT CUVELIER Industrial V-Belts Sales (K Units), Revenue (Million USD), Price (USD/Unit) and Gross Margin (%)(2012-2017)
Figure COLMANT CUVELIER Industrial V-Belts Sales (K Units) and Growth Rate (%)(2012-2017)
Figure COLMANT CUVELIER Industrial V-Belts Sales Market Share (%) in China (2012-2017)
Figure COLMANT CUVELIER Industrial V-Belts Revenue Market Share (%) in China (2012-2017)
Table Dayco Industrial V-Belts Basic Information List
Table Dayco Industrial V-Belts Sales (K Units), Revenue (Million USD), Price (USD/Unit) and Gross Margin (%)(2012-2017)
Figure Dayco Industrial V-Belts Sales (K Units) and Growth Rate (%)(2012-2017)
Figure Dayco Industrial V-Belts Sales Market Share (%) in China (2012-2017)
Figure Dayco Industrial V-Belts Revenue Market Share (%) in China (2012-2017)
Table Dunlop Industrial V-Belts Basic Information List
Table Dunlop Industrial V-Belts Sales (K Units), Revenue (Million USD), Price (USD/Unit) and Gross Margin (%)(2012-2017)
Figure Dunlop Industrial V-Belts Sales (K Units) and Growth Rate (%)(2012-2017)
Figure Dunlop Industrial V-Belts Sales Market Share (%) in China (2012-2017)
Figure Dunlop Industrial V-Belts Revenue Market Share (%) in China (2012-2017)
Table Fenner Industrial V-Belts Basic Information List
Table Fenner Industrial V-Belts Sales (K Units), Revenue (Million USD), Price (USD/Unit) and Gross Margin (%)(2012-2017)
Figure Fenner Industrial V-Belts Sales (K Units) and Growth Rate (%)(2012-2017)
Figure Fenner Industrial V-Belts Sales Market Share (%) in China (2012-2017)
Figure Fenner Industrial V-Belts Revenue Market Share (%) in China (2012-2017)
Table Flexer Rubber Industrial V-Belts Basic Information List
Table Goodyear Industrial V-Belts Basic Information List
Table HUTCHINSON Industrial V-Belts Basic Information List
Table Lovejoy Industrial V-Belts Basic Information List
Table Megadyne Industrial V-Belts Basic Information List
Table Mitsuboshi Belting Industrial V-Belts Basic Information List
Table Navyug Industrial V-Belts Basic Information List
Table Production Base and Market Concentration Rate of Raw Material
Figure Price Trend of Key Raw Materials
Table Key Suppliers of Raw Materials
Figure Manufacturing Cost Structure of Industrial V-Belts
Figure Manufacturing Process Analysis of Industrial V-Belts
Figure Industrial V-Belts Industrial Chain Analysis
Table Raw Materials Sources of Industrial V-Belts Major Players/Manufacturers in 2016
Table Major Buyers of Industrial V-Belts
Table Distributors/Traders List
Figure China Industrial V-Belts Sales (K Units) and Growth Rate (%) Forecast (2017-2022)
Figure China Industrial V-Belts Revenue (Million USD) and Growth Rate Forecast (2017-2022)
Figure China Industrial V-Belts Price (USD/Unit) Trend Forecast (2017-2022)
Table China Industrial V-Belts Sales (K Units) Forecast by Type (2017-2022)
Figure China Industrial V-Belts Sales (K Units) Forecast by Type (2017-2022)
Figure China Industrial V-Belts Sales Volume Market Share Forecast by Type in 2022
Table China Industrial V-Belts Sales (K Units) Forecast by Application (2017-2022)
Figure China Industrial V-Belts Sales Volume Market Share Forecast by Application (2017-2022)
Figure China Industrial V-Belts Sales Volume Market Share Forecast by Application in 2022
Table China Industrial V-Belts Sales (K Units) Forecast by Regions (2017-2022)
Table China Industrial V-Belts Sales Volume Share Forecast by Regions (2017-2022)
Figure China Industrial V-Belts Sales Volume Share Forecast by Regions (2017-2022)
Figure China Industrial V-Belts Sales Volume Share Forecast by Regions in 2022
Table Research Programs/Design for This Report
Figure Bottom-up and Top-down Approaches for This Report
Figure Data Triangulation
Table Key Data Information from Secondary Sources
Table Key Data Information from Primary Sources