Battery Energy Storage System Market by Battery Type (Lithium-ion, Advanced Lead Acid, Flow, Nickel-based), Energy Capacity (Below 100 MWh, Between 100 MWh & 500 MWh, Above 500 MWh), Connection Type, Ownership and Region - Global Forecast to 2029
The global battery energy storage system market is estimated to grow from USD 7.8 billion in 2024 and is projected to reach USD 25.6 billion by 2029, at a CAGR of 26.9% during the forecast period. Battery energy storage systems improve the quality of power by ensuring improved voltage and frequency regulation with minimum interruption. Besides, these systems provide power backup during disruption, save the operational cost of powering the grid, and increase the capabilities and efficiency of the grid.
“Utility-owned BESS is expected to grow with a significant CAGR during the forecast period.”
The operators of the utility owned battery energy storage systems use renewable energy sources to a greater extent to deliver a large number of units of electricity. The customers of utility-owned battery energy storage systems need to pay monthly fees based on power usage. The utility-owned energy storage companies invest in energy storage to overcome the high cost of electrical T&D by fulfilling the growing electricity demand. The battery energy storage systems help improve grid reliability, manage T&D congestion while improving T&D performance, and help avoid the purchase of additional equipment for energy storage as well as increase the lifespan of assets.
“Above 500 MWh energy capacity segment likely to gain a significant market share between 2024 and 2029.”
Battery energy storage systems with a capacity above 500 MWh exhibit high service life. The battery energy storage systems with high energy capacity can support peak shaving and valley filling in the future global energy interconnection. These systems help serve the energy demands, which can be used for peak load regulation in support of a large grid. High-energy storage systems can be used to smoothen fluctuations of large-scale clean energy generation. Large-scale battery storage systems align renewable energy production and rapidly respond to the output of wind and photovoltaic power, smoothen renewable energy generation fluctuations, and ensure real-time grid operations' safety.
“Utility application segment to gain the largest market share during the forecast period.”
Public utility applications or utilities involve the electric grid, a system where the electricity generated at power plants is immediately used by the loads that are connected to it. The generation and consumption of electricity always need to match, as a mismatch can lead to voltage and frequency deviations and cause power outages or damage to equipment. In order to overcome this problem, a battery energy storage system is installed on electric grids to control the voltage and frequency deviations. The battery energy storage system is a cost-effective solution that helps substations and transmission and distribution (T&D) lines to meet the growing peak demand.
“North America is anticipated to gain a substantial market share by 2029.”
The US, Canada, and Mexico are the major countries contributing to the growth of the North American battery energy storage system market. The growth of the battery energy storage system market in North America can be attributed to the increasing demand for renewable energy storage in the residential, non-residential, and utility sectors. Furthermore, the US has ample lithium deposits that can be derived in the future to produce lithium-ion batteries. These factors are expected to drive the demand for lithium-ion batteries in the manufacturing of energy storage systems in the region.
Breakdown of primaries
A variety of executives from key organizations operating in the battery energy storage system market were interviewed in-depth, including CEOs, marketing directors, and innovation and technology directors.
BYD Company Ltd (China), Samsung SDI Co., Ltd. (South Korea), LG Energy Solution (South Korea), and Panasonic Corporation (Japan) are the key players in the battery energy storage system market. These leading companies possess a robust portfolio of products and establish a strong presence in established and emerging markets. The study provides a comprehensive competitive analysis of these key players in the battery energy storage system market, presenting their company profiles, recent developments, and key market strategies.
Research Coverage
This report offers detailed insights into the battery energy storage system market based on battery type (Lithium-ion, Advanced Lead-acid, Flow batteries, Other batteries), Connection Type (On-grid and Off-grid) Ownership (Customer-owned, Third-Party Owned, Utility Owned), Energy Capacity (Below 100 MWh, Between 100 to 500 MWh, Above 500 MWh), Application (Residential, Commercial, Utility) and region (North America, Europe, Asia Pacific, and RoW which includes the Middle East, Africa and South America.)
The report also comprehensively reviews the battery energy storage sysrem market drivers, restraints, opportunities, and challenges. The report also covers qualitative aspects in addition to the quantitative aspects of these markets.
Reasons to buy the report:
The report will help the leaders/new entrants in this market with information on the closest approximations of the revenue numbers for the overall market and the sub-segments. This report will help stakeholders understand the competitive landscape and gain more insights to position their businesses better and plan suitable go-to-market strategies. The report also helps stakeholders understand the battery energy storage system market's pulse and provides information on key market drivers, restraints, challenges, and opportunities.
The report provides insights on the following pointers:
“Utility-owned BESS is expected to grow with a significant CAGR during the forecast period.”
The operators of the utility owned battery energy storage systems use renewable energy sources to a greater extent to deliver a large number of units of electricity. The customers of utility-owned battery energy storage systems need to pay monthly fees based on power usage. The utility-owned energy storage companies invest in energy storage to overcome the high cost of electrical T&D by fulfilling the growing electricity demand. The battery energy storage systems help improve grid reliability, manage T&D congestion while improving T&D performance, and help avoid the purchase of additional equipment for energy storage as well as increase the lifespan of assets.
“Above 500 MWh energy capacity segment likely to gain a significant market share between 2024 and 2029.”
Battery energy storage systems with a capacity above 500 MWh exhibit high service life. The battery energy storage systems with high energy capacity can support peak shaving and valley filling in the future global energy interconnection. These systems help serve the energy demands, which can be used for peak load regulation in support of a large grid. High-energy storage systems can be used to smoothen fluctuations of large-scale clean energy generation. Large-scale battery storage systems align renewable energy production and rapidly respond to the output of wind and photovoltaic power, smoothen renewable energy generation fluctuations, and ensure real-time grid operations' safety.
“Utility application segment to gain the largest market share during the forecast period.”
Public utility applications or utilities involve the electric grid, a system where the electricity generated at power plants is immediately used by the loads that are connected to it. The generation and consumption of electricity always need to match, as a mismatch can lead to voltage and frequency deviations and cause power outages or damage to equipment. In order to overcome this problem, a battery energy storage system is installed on electric grids to control the voltage and frequency deviations. The battery energy storage system is a cost-effective solution that helps substations and transmission and distribution (T&D) lines to meet the growing peak demand.
“North America is anticipated to gain a substantial market share by 2029.”
The US, Canada, and Mexico are the major countries contributing to the growth of the North American battery energy storage system market. The growth of the battery energy storage system market in North America can be attributed to the increasing demand for renewable energy storage in the residential, non-residential, and utility sectors. Furthermore, the US has ample lithium deposits that can be derived in the future to produce lithium-ion batteries. These factors are expected to drive the demand for lithium-ion batteries in the manufacturing of energy storage systems in the region.
Breakdown of primaries
A variety of executives from key organizations operating in the battery energy storage system market were interviewed in-depth, including CEOs, marketing directors, and innovation and technology directors.
- By Company Type: Tier 1 = 45%, Tier 2 = 30%, and Tier 3 = 25%
- By Designation: C-level Executives = 35%, Directors = 45%, and Others (sales, marketing, and product managers, as well as members of various organizations) = 20%
- By Region: North America = 30%, Europe = 25%, Asia Pacific =35%, and RoW = 10%
BYD Company Ltd (China), Samsung SDI Co., Ltd. (South Korea), LG Energy Solution (South Korea), and Panasonic Corporation (Japan) are the key players in the battery energy storage system market. These leading companies possess a robust portfolio of products and establish a strong presence in established and emerging markets. The study provides a comprehensive competitive analysis of these key players in the battery energy storage system market, presenting their company profiles, recent developments, and key market strategies.
Research Coverage
This report offers detailed insights into the battery energy storage system market based on battery type (Lithium-ion, Advanced Lead-acid, Flow batteries, Other batteries), Connection Type (On-grid and Off-grid) Ownership (Customer-owned, Third-Party Owned, Utility Owned), Energy Capacity (Below 100 MWh, Between 100 to 500 MWh, Above 500 MWh), Application (Residential, Commercial, Utility) and region (North America, Europe, Asia Pacific, and RoW which includes the Middle East, Africa and South America.)
The report also comprehensively reviews the battery energy storage sysrem market drivers, restraints, opportunities, and challenges. The report also covers qualitative aspects in addition to the quantitative aspects of these markets.
Reasons to buy the report:
The report will help the leaders/new entrants in this market with information on the closest approximations of the revenue numbers for the overall market and the sub-segments. This report will help stakeholders understand the competitive landscape and gain more insights to position their businesses better and plan suitable go-to-market strategies. The report also helps stakeholders understand the battery energy storage system market's pulse and provides information on key market drivers, restraints, challenges, and opportunities.
The report provides insights on the following pointers:
- Analysis of key drivers ( Accelerated deployment of grid energy storage systems in ongoing grid modernization projects, Adoption of lithium-ion batteries in the renewable energy sector, Renewable Energy Revolution and the Shift to a Low-Carbon Economy), restraints (High cost of installing battery energy storage systems), opportunities (Rapid adoption of battery energy storage systems in rural electrification projects worldwide, Increased demand for continuous power supply from data centers) and challenges (Difficulties pertaining to installation of battery energy storage systems in remote and isolated locations).
- Product Development/Innovation: Detailed insights on upcoming technologies, research & development activities, and new product launches in the battery energy storage system market
- Market Development: Comprehensive information about lucrative markets – the report analyses the battery energy storage system market across varied regions
- Market Diversification: Exhaustive information about new products, untapped geographies, recent developments, and investments in the battery energy storage system market
- Competitive Assessment: In-depth assessment of market shares, growth strategies, and product offerings of leading players like BYD Company Ltd (China), Samsung SDI Co., Ltd. (South Korea), LG Energy Solution (South Korea), and Panasonic Corporation (Japan) among others.
1 INTRODUCTION
1.1 STUDY OBJECTIVES
1.2 MARKET DEFINITION
1.3 STUDY SCOPE
1.3.1 MARKETS COVERED
1.3.2 YEARS CONSIDERED
1.3.3 INCLUSIONS AND EXCLUSIONS
1.3.4 CURRENCY CONSIDERED
1.3.5 UNITS CONSIDERED
1.4 LIMITATIONS
1.5 STAKEHOLDERS
1.6 SUMMARY OF CHANGES
1.7 IMPACT OF RECESSION
2 RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
2.1 RESEARCH APPROACH
2.1.1 SECONDARY AND PRIMARY RESEARCH
2.1.2 SECONDARY DATA
2.1.2.1 List of major secondary sources
2.1.2.2 Key data from secondary sources
2.1.3 PRIMARY DATA
2.1.3.1 List of participants in interviews with experts
2.1.3.2 Key data from primary sources
2.1.3.3 Key industry insights
2.1.3.4 Breakdown of interviews with experts
2.2 MARKET SIZE ESTIMATION METHODOLOGY
2.2.1 BOTTOM-UP APPROACH
2.2.1.1 Approach to derive market size using bottom-up analysis
(demand side)
2.2.2 TOP-DOWN APPROACH
2.2.2.1 Approach to derive market size using top-down analysis (supply side)
2.3 DATA TRIANGULATION
2.4 RESEARCH ASSUMPTIONS
2.5 RESEARCH LIMITATIONS
2.6 PARAMETERS CONSIDERED TO ANALYZE IMPACT OF RECESSION ON
BATTERY ENERGY STORAGE SYSTEM MARKET
2.7 RISK ASSESSMENT
3 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY
4 PREMIUM INSIGHTS
4.1 ATTRACTIVE OPPORTUNITIES FOR PLAYERS IN BATTERY ENERGY
STORAGE SYSTEM MARKET
4.2 BATTERY ENERGY STORAGE SYSTEM MARKET, BY BATTERY TYPE
4.3 BATTERY ENERGY STORAGE SYSTEM MARKET, BY ENERGY CAPACITY
4.4 NORTH AMERICA BATTERY ENERGY STORAGE SYSTEM MARKET,
BY APPLICATION AND COUNTRY
4.5 BATTERY ENERGY STORAGE SYSTEM MARKET, BY COUNTRY
5 MARKET OVERVIEW
5.1 INTRODUCTION
5.2 MARKET DYNAMICS
5.2.1 DRIVERS
5.2.1.1 Increasing installations of battery energy storage systems in grids to support grid modernization projects
5.2.1.2 Increasing global investments in innovation of grid infrastructure
5.2.1.3 Lithium-ion battery scalability in renewable energy sector
5.2.1.4 Renewable energy revolution and shift to a low-carbon economy
5.2.2 RESTRAINTS
5.2.2.1 High installation and maintenance costs associated with
battery energy storage systems
5.2.3 OPPORTUNITIES
5.2.3.1 Increasing opportunities in rural electrification projects worldwide
5.2.3.2 Rising demand for power supply from data centers
5.2.3.3 Decline in prices of lithium-ion batteries
5.2.4 CHALLENGES
5.2.4.1 Installation of battery energy storage systems in remote locations
5.2.4.2 Overheating and aging challenges
5.3 TRENDS/DISRUPTIONS IMPACTING CUSTOMER BUSINESS
5.4 VALUE CHAIN ANALYSIS
5.5 ECOSYSTEM ANALYSIS
5.6 INVESTMENT AND FUNDING SCENARIO
5.7 TECHNOLOGY ANALYSIS
5.7.1 KEY TECHNOLOGIES
5.7.1.1 Sodium-sulfur battery
5.7.1.2 Cobalt-free battery
5.7.1.3 Zinc-bromine battery
5.7.2 COMPLEMENTARY TECHNOLOGIES
5.7.2.1 Metal-air battery
5.7.2.2 Liquid metal battery
5.7.2.3 Lithium-sulfur battery
5.8 PATENT ANALYSIS
5.9 TRADE ANALYSIS
5.9.1 IMPORT SCENARIO
5.9.2 EXPORT SCENARIO
5.10 KEY CONFERENCES AND EVENTS, 2024–2025
5.11 CASE STUDY ANALYSIS
5.11.1 TESLA DELIVERED MEGAPACKS TO GAMBIT ENERGY STORAGE PLANT
5.11.2 GENERAL ELECTRIC TO DELIVER BATTERY ENERGY STORAGE
SYSTEMS TO CONVERGENT
5.11.3 ADOPTION OF BATTERY ENERGY STORAGE SYSTEMS
BY UTILITY PROVIDER COMPANY
5.11.4 ABB TO INSTALL BATTERY ENERGY STORAGE SYSTEMS IN PHILIPPINES
5.11.5 EXIDE INDUSTRIES, LECLANCHE, AND TPDDL JOIN HANDS TO LAUNCH
GRID-CONNECTED LI-ION BATTERY-POWERED COMMUNITY
ENERGY STORAGE SYSTEM
5.12 REGULATORY LANDSCAPE
5.12.1 REGULATORY BODIES, GOVERNMENT AGENCIES,
AND OTHER ORGANIZATIONS
5.12.2 STANDARDS AND REGULATIONS RELATED TO BATTERY ENERGY STORAGE SYSTEM MARKET
5.13 PORTER’S FIVE FORCES ANALYSIS
5.13.1 THREAT OF NEW ENTRANTS
5.13.2 THREAT OF SUBSTITUTES
5.13.3 BARGAINING POWER OF SUPPLIERS
5.13.4 BARGAINING POWER OF BUYERS
5.13.5 INTENSITY OF COMPETITIVE RIVALRY
5.14 KEY STAKEHOLDERS AND BUYING CRITERIA
5.14.1 KEY STAKEHOLDERS IN BUYING PROCESS
5.14.2 BUYING CRITERIA
5.15 PRICING ANALYSIS
5.15.1 AVERAGE SELLING PRICE TREND
5.15.2 AVERAGE SELLING PRICE OF LITHIUM-ION BATTERY PACK, BY KEY PLAYER
5.15.3 AVERAGE SELLING PRICE TREND, BY REGION
6 MAJOR INPUT ENERGY SOURCES AND RECENT TRENDS RELATED TO BATTERY ENERGY STORAGE SYSTEMS
6.1 INTRODUCTION
6.2 INPUT ENERGY SOURCES
6.2.1 SOLAR PANELS
6.2.2 WIND TURBINES
6.2.3 GRID POWER
6.2.4 DIESEL GENERATORS
6.2.5 OTHERS
6.3 RECENT TRENDS RELATED TO MARKET
6.3.1 RENEWABLE ENERGY SOURCES
6.3.2 ADVANCEMENTS IN BATTERY TECHNOLOGIES
6.3.3 AI AND ML
6.3.4 MICROGRIDS
6.3.5 HYBRID ENERGY STORAGE SYSTEMS
6.4 ANALYSIS OF VARIOUS BATTERY TECHNOLOGIES AND
BATTERY ENERGY STORAGE SYSTEMS
6.4.1 COMPREHENSIVE ANALYSIS OF VARIOUS TYPES OF BATTERY TECHNOLOGIES
6.4.2 COMPREHENSIVE ANALYSIS OF VARIOUS TYPES OF
ENERGY STORAGE SYSTEMS
6.5 TYPES OF SYSTEMS FOR BATTERY ENERGY STORAGE
6.5.1 FRONT-OF-THE-METER (FTM) SYSTEM
6.5.2 BEHIND-THE-METER (BTM) SYSTEM
7 BATTERY ENERGY STORAGE SYSTEM MARKET, BY ELEMENT
7.1 INTRODUCTION
7.2 BATTERY
7.2.1 USE IN BUILDING SUSTAINABLE AND RESILIENT ENERGY
INFRASTRUCTURE TO DRIVE SEGMENT
7.3 OTHER ELEMENTS
7.3.1 HARDWARE
7.3.1.1 Facilitation of required communication and functioning
to boost demand
8 BATTERY ENERGY STORAGE SYSTEM MARKET, BY BATTERY TYPE
8.1 INTRODUCTION
8.2 LITHIUM-ION BATTERIES
8.2.1 HIGH ENERGY DENSITY AND EFFICIENCY TO DRIVE DEMAND
8.3 ADVANCED LEAD-ACID BATTERIES
8.3.1 EXTENSIVE ADOPTION IN GRID ENERGY STORAGE TO PROPEL DEMAND
8.4 FLOW BATTERIES
8.4.1 VARIOUS ADVANTAGES OVER CONVENTIONAL BATTERIES TO BOOST DEMAND
8.5 OTHER BATTERY TYPES
8.5.1 SODIUM-SULFUR BATTERY
8.5.2 NICKEL-CADMIUM BATTERY
8.5.3 NICKEL-METAL HYDRIDE BATTERY
8.5.4 NICKEL-IRON BATTERY
8.5.5 FLYWHEEL BATTERY
9 BATTERY ENERGY STORAGE SYSTEM MARKET, BY CONNECTION TYPE
9.1 INTRODUCTION
9.2 ON-GRID CONNECTIONS
9.2.1 INCREASE IN DEMAND FOR ELECTRICITY TO DRIVE MARKET GROWTH
9.3 OFF-GRID CONNECTIONS
9.3.1 EMERGING ADOPTION IN PROVIDING ENERGY SUPPLY TO
REMOTE AREAS TO PROPEL SEGMENT
10 BATTERY ENERGY STORAGE SYSTEM MARKET, BY OWNERSHIP
10.1 INTRODUCTION
10.2 CUSTOMER-OWNED
10.2.1 REDUCED ELECTRICITY COSTS IN RESIDENTIAL APPLICATIONS
TO DRIVE ADOPTION
10.3 THIRD-PARTY-OWNED
10.3.1 REDUCTION IN ELECTRICITY BILLS WITH USE OF SOLAR ENERGY
SYSTEMS TO PROPEL DEMAND
10.4 UTILITY-OWNED
10.4.1 RISE IN DEMAND FOR RENEWABLE ENERGY SOURCES TO DRIVE MARKET
11 BATTERY ENERGY STORAGE SYSTEM MARKET, BY ENERGY CAPACITY
11.1 INTRODUCTION
11.2 BELOW 100 MWH
11.2.1 HIGH DEMAND FROM RESIDENTIAL APPLICATIONS TO DRIVE MARKET
11.3 BETWEEN 100 AND 500 MWH
11.3.1 INCREASED ADOPTION TO MANAGE UNCERTAINTIES IN POWER SYSTEMS TO PROPEL DEMAND
11.4 ABOVE 500 MWH
11.4.1 EXTENSIVE USE IN SMOOTHENING ENERGY FLUCTUATIONS WHILE
SERVING ENERGY DEMANDS TO BOOST ADOPTION
12 BATTERY ENERGY STORAGE SYSTEM MARKET, BY APPLICATION
12.1 INTRODUCTION
12.2 RESIDENTIAL
12.2.1 GOVERNMENT INITIATIVES ENCOURAGING VARIOUS RESIDENTIAL ENERGY STORAGE PROJECTS TO BOOST DEMAND
12.3 COMMERCIAL
12.3.1 INCREASED DEMAND FOR UPS SYSTEMS TO PROPEL MARKET
12.4 UTILITIES
12.4.1 INCREASED DEMAND FOR RENEWABLE ENERGY SOURCES IN ELECTRIC GRIDS TO DRIVE MARKET
13 BATTERY ENERGY STORAGE SYSTEM MARKET, BY REGION
13.1 INTRODUCTION
13.1.1 IMPACT OF RECESSION ON GLOBAL MARKET
13.2 NORTH AMERICA
13.2.1 IMPACT OF RECESSION ON MARKET IN NORTH AMERICA
13.2.2 US
13.2.2.1 Hotspot of value chain of innovative battery and energy storage technologies to drive market
13.2.3 CANADA
13.2.3.1 Government investments and tax credits for development of battery technology to drive market
13.2.4 MEXICO
13.2.4.1 Commitments to clean generation and emission reductions to
propel market growth
13.3 EUROPE
13.3.1 IMPACT OF RECESSION ON MARKET IN EUROPE
13.3.2 GERMANY
13.3.2.1 Growing emphasis on energy storage in residential applications to drive market
13.3.3 UK
13.3.3.1 Increase in government initiatives for energy storage to drive market
13.3.4 FRANCE
13.3.4.1 Growing use of renewable energy resources across sectors
to fuel market growth
13.3.5 REST OF EUROPE
13.4 ASIA PACIFIC
13.4.1 IMPACT OF RECESSION ON MARKET IN ASIA PACIFIC
13.4.2 CHINA
13.4.2.1 Rising demand for energy and continuing battery energy storage projects to drive market
13.4.3 JAPAN
13.4.3.1 Growing investments in solar and wind energy projects to
drive market
13.4.4 INDIA
13.4.4.1 Substantial government investments in development of renewables to propel market
13.4.5 AUSTRALIA
13.4.5.1 Government subsidies aimed at facilitating deployment of large-scale battery storage projects to bolster market
13.4.6 SOUTH KOREA
13.4.6.1 Rise in adoption of battery energy storage systems in electric grids to fuel market
13.4.7 REST OF ASIA PACIFIC
13.5 REST OF THE WORLD (ROW)
13.5.1 IMPACT OF RECESSION ON MARKET IN ROW
13.5.2 MIDDLE EAST
13.5.2.1 Increasing investments in renewable energy projects to drive market
13.5.2.2 GCC countries
13.5.2.3 Rest of Middle East
13.5.3 AFRICA
13.5.3.1 Growing deployment of battery energy storage system projects to drive market
13.5.4 SOUTH AMERICA
13.5.4.1 Government investments to deploy renewable energy to
support market
14 COMPETITIVE LANDSCAPE
14.1 INTRODUCTION
14.2 KEY PLAYER STRATEGIES/RIGHT TO WIN, 2020–2023
14.3 REVENUE ANALYSIS, 2019–2023
14.4 MARKET SHARE ANALYSIS, 2023
14.5 COMPANY VALUATION AND FINANCIAL METRICS
14.6 BRAND/PRODUCT COMPARISON
14.7 COMPANY EVALUATION MATRIX: KEY PLAYERS, 2023
14.7.1 STARS
14.7.2 EMERGING LEADERS
14.7.3 PERVASIVE PLAYERS
14.7.4 PARTICIPANTS
14.7.5 KEY PLAYERS: OVERALL COMPANY FOOTPRINT, 2023
14.7.5.1 Company footprint
14.7.5.2 Application footprint
14.7.5.3 Connection type footprint
14.7.5.4 Battery type footprint
14.7.5.5 Ownership footprint
14.7.5.6 Region footprint
14.8 COMPANY EVALUATION MATRIX: STARTUPS/SMES, 2023
14.8.1 PROGRESSIVE COMPANIES
14.8.2 RESPONSIVE COMPANIES
14.8.3 DYNAMIC COMPANIES
14.8.4 STARTING BLOCKS
14.8.5 COMPETITIVE BENCHMARKING, STARTUPS/SMES, 2023
14.8.5.1 Detailed list of key startups/SMEs
14.8.5.2 Competitive benchmarking of key startups/SMEs
14.9 COMPETITIVE SCENARIO
14.9.1 PRODUCT LAUNCHES
14.9.2 DEALS
14.9.3 OTHER DEVELOPMENTS
15 COMPANY PROFILES
15.1 KEY PLAYERS
15.1.1 BYD COMPANY LTD.
15.1.1.1 Business overview
15.1.1.2 Products/Solutions/Services offered
15.1.1.3 Recent developments
15.1.1.3.1 Deals
15.1.1.4 MnM view
15.1.1.4.1 Right to win
15.1.1.4.2 Strategic choices
15.1.1.4.3 Weaknesses and competitive threats
15.1.2 LG ENERGY SOLUTION
15.1.2.1 Business overview
15.1.2.2 Products/Solutions/Services offered
15.1.2.3 Recent developments
15.1.2.3.1 Product launches
15.1.2.3.2 Deals
15.1.2.3.3 Others
15.1.2.4 MnM view
15.1.2.4.1 Right to win
15.1.2.4.2 Strategic choices
15.1.2.4.3 Weaknesses and competitive threats
15.1.3 PANASONIC CORPORATION
15.1.3.1 Business overview
15.1.3.2 Products/Solutions/Services offered
15.1.3.3 Recent developments
15.1.3.3.1 Product launches
15.1.3.3.2 Deals
15.1.3.4 MnM view
15.1.3.4.1 Right to win
15.1.3.4.2 Strategic choices
15.1.3.4.3 Weaknesses and competitive threats
15.1.4 SAMSUNG SDI CO., LTD.
15.1.4.1 Business overview
15.1.4.2 Products/Solutions/Services offered
15.1.4.3 Recent developments
15.1.4.3.1 Product launches
15.1.4.4 MnM view
15.1.4.4.1 Right to win
15.1.4.4.2 Strategic choices
15.1.4.4.3 Weaknesses and competitive threats
15.1.5 TESLA
15.1.5.1 Business overview
15.1.5.2 Products/Solutions/Services offered
15.1.5.3 MnM view
15.1.5.3.1 Right to win
15.1.5.3.2 Strategic choices
15.1.5.3.3 Weaknesses and competitive threats
15.1.6 ABB
15.1.6.1 Business overview
15.1.6.2 Products/Solutions/Services offered
15.1.6.3 Recent developments
15.1.6.3.1 Deals
15.1.7 DELTA ELECTRONICS, INC.
15.1.7.1 Business overview
15.1.7.2 Products/Solutions/Services offered
15.1.8 GE VERNOVA
15.1.8.1 Business overview
15.1.8.2 Products/Solutions/Services offered
15.1.8.3 Recent developments
15.1.8.3.1 Product launches
15.1.8.3.2 Deals
15.1.9 HITACHI ENERGY LTD.
15.1.9.1 Business overview
15.1.9.2 Products/Solutions/Services offered
15.1.9.3 Recent developments
15.1.9.3.1 Deals
15.1.10 HONEYWELL INTERNATIONAL, INC.
15.1.10.1 Business overview
15.1.10.2 Products/Solutions/Services offered
15.1.10.3 Recent developments
15.1.10.3.1 Deals
15.1.10.3.2 Product launches
15.1.11 JOHNSON CONTROLS
15.1.11.1 Business overview
15.1.11.2 Products/Solutions/Services offered
15.1.12 NGK INSULATORS, LTD.
15.1.12.1 Business overview
15.1.12.2 Products/Solutions/Services offered
15.1.12.3 Recent developments
15.1.12.3.1 Product launches
15.1.12.3.2 Deals
15.1.13 SIEMENS
15.1.13.1 Business overview
15.1.13.2 Products/Solutions/Services offered
15.1.13.3 Recent developments
15.1.13.3.1 Product launches
15.1.14 TOSHIBA CORPORATION
15.1.14.1 Business overview
15.1.14.2 Products/Solutions/Services offered
15.1.15 AB VOLVO
15.1.15.1 Business overview
15.1.15.2 Products/Solutions/Services offered
15.2 OTHER PLAYERS
15.2.1 AEG
15.2.2 EAST PENN MANUFACTURING COMPANY
15.2.3 ESS TECH, INC.
15.2.4 KORE POWER INC.
15.2.5 PRIMUS POWER SOLUTIONS
15.2.6 SAFT
15.2.7 SOLAREDGE
15.2.8 THE AES CORPORATION
15.2.9 TRINASOLAR
15.2.10 VRB ENERGY
16 ADJACENT AND RELEVANT MARKETS
16.1 INTRODUCTION
16.2 BATTERY MANAGEMENT SYSTEM MARKET, BY APPLICATION
16.2.1 RENEWABLE ENERGY
16.2.1.1 High adoption of renewable energy sources to drive market
17 APPENDIX
17.1 INSIGHTS FROM INDUSTRY EXPERTS
17.2 DISCUSSION GUIDE
17.3 KNOWLEDGESTORE: MARKETSANDMARKETS’ SUBSCRIPTION PORTAL
17.4 CUSTOMIZATION OPTIONS
17.5 RELATED REPORTS
17.6 AUTHOR DETAILS
1.1 STUDY OBJECTIVES
1.2 MARKET DEFINITION
1.3 STUDY SCOPE
1.3.1 MARKETS COVERED
1.3.2 YEARS CONSIDERED
1.3.3 INCLUSIONS AND EXCLUSIONS
1.3.4 CURRENCY CONSIDERED
1.3.5 UNITS CONSIDERED
1.4 LIMITATIONS
1.5 STAKEHOLDERS
1.6 SUMMARY OF CHANGES
1.7 IMPACT OF RECESSION
2 RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
2.1 RESEARCH APPROACH
2.1.1 SECONDARY AND PRIMARY RESEARCH
2.1.2 SECONDARY DATA
2.1.2.1 List of major secondary sources
2.1.2.2 Key data from secondary sources
2.1.3 PRIMARY DATA
2.1.3.1 List of participants in interviews with experts
2.1.3.2 Key data from primary sources
2.1.3.3 Key industry insights
2.1.3.4 Breakdown of interviews with experts
2.2 MARKET SIZE ESTIMATION METHODOLOGY
2.2.1 BOTTOM-UP APPROACH
2.2.1.1 Approach to derive market size using bottom-up analysis
(demand side)
2.2.2 TOP-DOWN APPROACH
2.2.2.1 Approach to derive market size using top-down analysis (supply side)
2.3 DATA TRIANGULATION
2.4 RESEARCH ASSUMPTIONS
2.5 RESEARCH LIMITATIONS
2.6 PARAMETERS CONSIDERED TO ANALYZE IMPACT OF RECESSION ON
BATTERY ENERGY STORAGE SYSTEM MARKET
2.7 RISK ASSESSMENT
3 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY
4 PREMIUM INSIGHTS
4.1 ATTRACTIVE OPPORTUNITIES FOR PLAYERS IN BATTERY ENERGY
STORAGE SYSTEM MARKET
4.2 BATTERY ENERGY STORAGE SYSTEM MARKET, BY BATTERY TYPE
4.3 BATTERY ENERGY STORAGE SYSTEM MARKET, BY ENERGY CAPACITY
4.4 NORTH AMERICA BATTERY ENERGY STORAGE SYSTEM MARKET,
BY APPLICATION AND COUNTRY
4.5 BATTERY ENERGY STORAGE SYSTEM MARKET, BY COUNTRY
5 MARKET OVERVIEW
5.1 INTRODUCTION
5.2 MARKET DYNAMICS
5.2.1 DRIVERS
5.2.1.1 Increasing installations of battery energy storage systems in grids to support grid modernization projects
5.2.1.2 Increasing global investments in innovation of grid infrastructure
5.2.1.3 Lithium-ion battery scalability in renewable energy sector
5.2.1.4 Renewable energy revolution and shift to a low-carbon economy
5.2.2 RESTRAINTS
5.2.2.1 High installation and maintenance costs associated with
battery energy storage systems
5.2.3 OPPORTUNITIES
5.2.3.1 Increasing opportunities in rural electrification projects worldwide
5.2.3.2 Rising demand for power supply from data centers
5.2.3.3 Decline in prices of lithium-ion batteries
5.2.4 CHALLENGES
5.2.4.1 Installation of battery energy storage systems in remote locations
5.2.4.2 Overheating and aging challenges
5.3 TRENDS/DISRUPTIONS IMPACTING CUSTOMER BUSINESS
5.4 VALUE CHAIN ANALYSIS
5.5 ECOSYSTEM ANALYSIS
5.6 INVESTMENT AND FUNDING SCENARIO
5.7 TECHNOLOGY ANALYSIS
5.7.1 KEY TECHNOLOGIES
5.7.1.1 Sodium-sulfur battery
5.7.1.2 Cobalt-free battery
5.7.1.3 Zinc-bromine battery
5.7.2 COMPLEMENTARY TECHNOLOGIES
5.7.2.1 Metal-air battery
5.7.2.2 Liquid metal battery
5.7.2.3 Lithium-sulfur battery
5.8 PATENT ANALYSIS
5.9 TRADE ANALYSIS
5.9.1 IMPORT SCENARIO
5.9.2 EXPORT SCENARIO
5.10 KEY CONFERENCES AND EVENTS, 2024–2025
5.11 CASE STUDY ANALYSIS
5.11.1 TESLA DELIVERED MEGAPACKS TO GAMBIT ENERGY STORAGE PLANT
5.11.2 GENERAL ELECTRIC TO DELIVER BATTERY ENERGY STORAGE
SYSTEMS TO CONVERGENT
5.11.3 ADOPTION OF BATTERY ENERGY STORAGE SYSTEMS
BY UTILITY PROVIDER COMPANY
5.11.4 ABB TO INSTALL BATTERY ENERGY STORAGE SYSTEMS IN PHILIPPINES
5.11.5 EXIDE INDUSTRIES, LECLANCHE, AND TPDDL JOIN HANDS TO LAUNCH
GRID-CONNECTED LI-ION BATTERY-POWERED COMMUNITY
ENERGY STORAGE SYSTEM
5.12 REGULATORY LANDSCAPE
5.12.1 REGULATORY BODIES, GOVERNMENT AGENCIES,
AND OTHER ORGANIZATIONS
5.12.2 STANDARDS AND REGULATIONS RELATED TO BATTERY ENERGY STORAGE SYSTEM MARKET
5.13 PORTER’S FIVE FORCES ANALYSIS
5.13.1 THREAT OF NEW ENTRANTS
5.13.2 THREAT OF SUBSTITUTES
5.13.3 BARGAINING POWER OF SUPPLIERS
5.13.4 BARGAINING POWER OF BUYERS
5.13.5 INTENSITY OF COMPETITIVE RIVALRY
5.14 KEY STAKEHOLDERS AND BUYING CRITERIA
5.14.1 KEY STAKEHOLDERS IN BUYING PROCESS
5.14.2 BUYING CRITERIA
5.15 PRICING ANALYSIS
5.15.1 AVERAGE SELLING PRICE TREND
5.15.2 AVERAGE SELLING PRICE OF LITHIUM-ION BATTERY PACK, BY KEY PLAYER
5.15.3 AVERAGE SELLING PRICE TREND, BY REGION
6 MAJOR INPUT ENERGY SOURCES AND RECENT TRENDS RELATED TO BATTERY ENERGY STORAGE SYSTEMS
6.1 INTRODUCTION
6.2 INPUT ENERGY SOURCES
6.2.1 SOLAR PANELS
6.2.2 WIND TURBINES
6.2.3 GRID POWER
6.2.4 DIESEL GENERATORS
6.2.5 OTHERS
6.3 RECENT TRENDS RELATED TO MARKET
6.3.1 RENEWABLE ENERGY SOURCES
6.3.2 ADVANCEMENTS IN BATTERY TECHNOLOGIES
6.3.3 AI AND ML
6.3.4 MICROGRIDS
6.3.5 HYBRID ENERGY STORAGE SYSTEMS
6.4 ANALYSIS OF VARIOUS BATTERY TECHNOLOGIES AND
BATTERY ENERGY STORAGE SYSTEMS
6.4.1 COMPREHENSIVE ANALYSIS OF VARIOUS TYPES OF BATTERY TECHNOLOGIES
6.4.2 COMPREHENSIVE ANALYSIS OF VARIOUS TYPES OF
ENERGY STORAGE SYSTEMS
6.5 TYPES OF SYSTEMS FOR BATTERY ENERGY STORAGE
6.5.1 FRONT-OF-THE-METER (FTM) SYSTEM
6.5.2 BEHIND-THE-METER (BTM) SYSTEM
7 BATTERY ENERGY STORAGE SYSTEM MARKET, BY ELEMENT
7.1 INTRODUCTION
7.2 BATTERY
7.2.1 USE IN BUILDING SUSTAINABLE AND RESILIENT ENERGY
INFRASTRUCTURE TO DRIVE SEGMENT
7.3 OTHER ELEMENTS
7.3.1 HARDWARE
7.3.1.1 Facilitation of required communication and functioning
to boost demand
8 BATTERY ENERGY STORAGE SYSTEM MARKET, BY BATTERY TYPE
8.1 INTRODUCTION
8.2 LITHIUM-ION BATTERIES
8.2.1 HIGH ENERGY DENSITY AND EFFICIENCY TO DRIVE DEMAND
8.3 ADVANCED LEAD-ACID BATTERIES
8.3.1 EXTENSIVE ADOPTION IN GRID ENERGY STORAGE TO PROPEL DEMAND
8.4 FLOW BATTERIES
8.4.1 VARIOUS ADVANTAGES OVER CONVENTIONAL BATTERIES TO BOOST DEMAND
8.5 OTHER BATTERY TYPES
8.5.1 SODIUM-SULFUR BATTERY
8.5.2 NICKEL-CADMIUM BATTERY
8.5.3 NICKEL-METAL HYDRIDE BATTERY
8.5.4 NICKEL-IRON BATTERY
8.5.5 FLYWHEEL BATTERY
9 BATTERY ENERGY STORAGE SYSTEM MARKET, BY CONNECTION TYPE
9.1 INTRODUCTION
9.2 ON-GRID CONNECTIONS
9.2.1 INCREASE IN DEMAND FOR ELECTRICITY TO DRIVE MARKET GROWTH
9.3 OFF-GRID CONNECTIONS
9.3.1 EMERGING ADOPTION IN PROVIDING ENERGY SUPPLY TO
REMOTE AREAS TO PROPEL SEGMENT
10 BATTERY ENERGY STORAGE SYSTEM MARKET, BY OWNERSHIP
10.1 INTRODUCTION
10.2 CUSTOMER-OWNED
10.2.1 REDUCED ELECTRICITY COSTS IN RESIDENTIAL APPLICATIONS
TO DRIVE ADOPTION
10.3 THIRD-PARTY-OWNED
10.3.1 REDUCTION IN ELECTRICITY BILLS WITH USE OF SOLAR ENERGY
SYSTEMS TO PROPEL DEMAND
10.4 UTILITY-OWNED
10.4.1 RISE IN DEMAND FOR RENEWABLE ENERGY SOURCES TO DRIVE MARKET
11 BATTERY ENERGY STORAGE SYSTEM MARKET, BY ENERGY CAPACITY
11.1 INTRODUCTION
11.2 BELOW 100 MWH
11.2.1 HIGH DEMAND FROM RESIDENTIAL APPLICATIONS TO DRIVE MARKET
11.3 BETWEEN 100 AND 500 MWH
11.3.1 INCREASED ADOPTION TO MANAGE UNCERTAINTIES IN POWER SYSTEMS TO PROPEL DEMAND
11.4 ABOVE 500 MWH
11.4.1 EXTENSIVE USE IN SMOOTHENING ENERGY FLUCTUATIONS WHILE
SERVING ENERGY DEMANDS TO BOOST ADOPTION
12 BATTERY ENERGY STORAGE SYSTEM MARKET, BY APPLICATION
12.1 INTRODUCTION
12.2 RESIDENTIAL
12.2.1 GOVERNMENT INITIATIVES ENCOURAGING VARIOUS RESIDENTIAL ENERGY STORAGE PROJECTS TO BOOST DEMAND
12.3 COMMERCIAL
12.3.1 INCREASED DEMAND FOR UPS SYSTEMS TO PROPEL MARKET
12.4 UTILITIES
12.4.1 INCREASED DEMAND FOR RENEWABLE ENERGY SOURCES IN ELECTRIC GRIDS TO DRIVE MARKET
13 BATTERY ENERGY STORAGE SYSTEM MARKET, BY REGION
13.1 INTRODUCTION
13.1.1 IMPACT OF RECESSION ON GLOBAL MARKET
13.2 NORTH AMERICA
13.2.1 IMPACT OF RECESSION ON MARKET IN NORTH AMERICA
13.2.2 US
13.2.2.1 Hotspot of value chain of innovative battery and energy storage technologies to drive market
13.2.3 CANADA
13.2.3.1 Government investments and tax credits for development of battery technology to drive market
13.2.4 MEXICO
13.2.4.1 Commitments to clean generation and emission reductions to
propel market growth
13.3 EUROPE
13.3.1 IMPACT OF RECESSION ON MARKET IN EUROPE
13.3.2 GERMANY
13.3.2.1 Growing emphasis on energy storage in residential applications to drive market
13.3.3 UK
13.3.3.1 Increase in government initiatives for energy storage to drive market
13.3.4 FRANCE
13.3.4.1 Growing use of renewable energy resources across sectors
to fuel market growth
13.3.5 REST OF EUROPE
13.4 ASIA PACIFIC
13.4.1 IMPACT OF RECESSION ON MARKET IN ASIA PACIFIC
13.4.2 CHINA
13.4.2.1 Rising demand for energy and continuing battery energy storage projects to drive market
13.4.3 JAPAN
13.4.3.1 Growing investments in solar and wind energy projects to
drive market
13.4.4 INDIA
13.4.4.1 Substantial government investments in development of renewables to propel market
13.4.5 AUSTRALIA
13.4.5.1 Government subsidies aimed at facilitating deployment of large-scale battery storage projects to bolster market
13.4.6 SOUTH KOREA
13.4.6.1 Rise in adoption of battery energy storage systems in electric grids to fuel market
13.4.7 REST OF ASIA PACIFIC
13.5 REST OF THE WORLD (ROW)
13.5.1 IMPACT OF RECESSION ON MARKET IN ROW
13.5.2 MIDDLE EAST
13.5.2.1 Increasing investments in renewable energy projects to drive market
13.5.2.2 GCC countries
13.5.2.3 Rest of Middle East
13.5.3 AFRICA
13.5.3.1 Growing deployment of battery energy storage system projects to drive market
13.5.4 SOUTH AMERICA
13.5.4.1 Government investments to deploy renewable energy to
support market
14 COMPETITIVE LANDSCAPE
14.1 INTRODUCTION
14.2 KEY PLAYER STRATEGIES/RIGHT TO WIN, 2020–2023
14.3 REVENUE ANALYSIS, 2019–2023
14.4 MARKET SHARE ANALYSIS, 2023
14.5 COMPANY VALUATION AND FINANCIAL METRICS
14.6 BRAND/PRODUCT COMPARISON
14.7 COMPANY EVALUATION MATRIX: KEY PLAYERS, 2023
14.7.1 STARS
14.7.2 EMERGING LEADERS
14.7.3 PERVASIVE PLAYERS
14.7.4 PARTICIPANTS
14.7.5 KEY PLAYERS: OVERALL COMPANY FOOTPRINT, 2023
14.7.5.1 Company footprint
14.7.5.2 Application footprint
14.7.5.3 Connection type footprint
14.7.5.4 Battery type footprint
14.7.5.5 Ownership footprint
14.7.5.6 Region footprint
14.8 COMPANY EVALUATION MATRIX: STARTUPS/SMES, 2023
14.8.1 PROGRESSIVE COMPANIES
14.8.2 RESPONSIVE COMPANIES
14.8.3 DYNAMIC COMPANIES
14.8.4 STARTING BLOCKS
14.8.5 COMPETITIVE BENCHMARKING, STARTUPS/SMES, 2023
14.8.5.1 Detailed list of key startups/SMEs
14.8.5.2 Competitive benchmarking of key startups/SMEs
14.9 COMPETITIVE SCENARIO
14.9.1 PRODUCT LAUNCHES
14.9.2 DEALS
14.9.3 OTHER DEVELOPMENTS
15 COMPANY PROFILES
15.1 KEY PLAYERS
15.1.1 BYD COMPANY LTD.
15.1.1.1 Business overview
15.1.1.2 Products/Solutions/Services offered
15.1.1.3 Recent developments
15.1.1.3.1 Deals
15.1.1.4 MnM view
15.1.1.4.1 Right to win
15.1.1.4.2 Strategic choices
15.1.1.4.3 Weaknesses and competitive threats
15.1.2 LG ENERGY SOLUTION
15.1.2.1 Business overview
15.1.2.2 Products/Solutions/Services offered
15.1.2.3 Recent developments
15.1.2.3.1 Product launches
15.1.2.3.2 Deals
15.1.2.3.3 Others
15.1.2.4 MnM view
15.1.2.4.1 Right to win
15.1.2.4.2 Strategic choices
15.1.2.4.3 Weaknesses and competitive threats
15.1.3 PANASONIC CORPORATION
15.1.3.1 Business overview
15.1.3.2 Products/Solutions/Services offered
15.1.3.3 Recent developments
15.1.3.3.1 Product launches
15.1.3.3.2 Deals
15.1.3.4 MnM view
15.1.3.4.1 Right to win
15.1.3.4.2 Strategic choices
15.1.3.4.3 Weaknesses and competitive threats
15.1.4 SAMSUNG SDI CO., LTD.
15.1.4.1 Business overview
15.1.4.2 Products/Solutions/Services offered
15.1.4.3 Recent developments
15.1.4.3.1 Product launches
15.1.4.4 MnM view
15.1.4.4.1 Right to win
15.1.4.4.2 Strategic choices
15.1.4.4.3 Weaknesses and competitive threats
15.1.5 TESLA
15.1.5.1 Business overview
15.1.5.2 Products/Solutions/Services offered
15.1.5.3 MnM view
15.1.5.3.1 Right to win
15.1.5.3.2 Strategic choices
15.1.5.3.3 Weaknesses and competitive threats
15.1.6 ABB
15.1.6.1 Business overview
15.1.6.2 Products/Solutions/Services offered
15.1.6.3 Recent developments
15.1.6.3.1 Deals
15.1.7 DELTA ELECTRONICS, INC.
15.1.7.1 Business overview
15.1.7.2 Products/Solutions/Services offered
15.1.8 GE VERNOVA
15.1.8.1 Business overview
15.1.8.2 Products/Solutions/Services offered
15.1.8.3 Recent developments
15.1.8.3.1 Product launches
15.1.8.3.2 Deals
15.1.9 HITACHI ENERGY LTD.
15.1.9.1 Business overview
15.1.9.2 Products/Solutions/Services offered
15.1.9.3 Recent developments
15.1.9.3.1 Deals
15.1.10 HONEYWELL INTERNATIONAL, INC.
15.1.10.1 Business overview
15.1.10.2 Products/Solutions/Services offered
15.1.10.3 Recent developments
15.1.10.3.1 Deals
15.1.10.3.2 Product launches
15.1.11 JOHNSON CONTROLS
15.1.11.1 Business overview
15.1.11.2 Products/Solutions/Services offered
15.1.12 NGK INSULATORS, LTD.
15.1.12.1 Business overview
15.1.12.2 Products/Solutions/Services offered
15.1.12.3 Recent developments
15.1.12.3.1 Product launches
15.1.12.3.2 Deals
15.1.13 SIEMENS
15.1.13.1 Business overview
15.1.13.2 Products/Solutions/Services offered
15.1.13.3 Recent developments
15.1.13.3.1 Product launches
15.1.14 TOSHIBA CORPORATION
15.1.14.1 Business overview
15.1.14.2 Products/Solutions/Services offered
15.1.15 AB VOLVO
15.1.15.1 Business overview
15.1.15.2 Products/Solutions/Services offered
15.2 OTHER PLAYERS
15.2.1 AEG
15.2.2 EAST PENN MANUFACTURING COMPANY
15.2.3 ESS TECH, INC.
15.2.4 KORE POWER INC.
15.2.5 PRIMUS POWER SOLUTIONS
15.2.6 SAFT
15.2.7 SOLAREDGE
15.2.8 THE AES CORPORATION
15.2.9 TRINASOLAR
15.2.10 VRB ENERGY
16 ADJACENT AND RELEVANT MARKETS
16.1 INTRODUCTION
16.2 BATTERY MANAGEMENT SYSTEM MARKET, BY APPLICATION
16.2.1 RENEWABLE ENERGY
16.2.1.1 High adoption of renewable energy sources to drive market
17 APPENDIX
17.1 INSIGHTS FROM INDUSTRY EXPERTS
17.2 DISCUSSION GUIDE
17.3 KNOWLEDGESTORE: MARKETSANDMARKETS’ SUBSCRIPTION PORTAL
17.4 CUSTOMIZATION OPTIONS
17.5 RELATED REPORTS
17.6 AUTHOR DETAILS
