Global Tennis Market
Global Tennis Market valued approximately USD XX billion in 2017 is anticipated to grow with a healthy growth rate of more than XX% over the forecast period 2018-2025. The Tennis Market is continuously growing in the global scenario at significant pace. Tennis is racket sport that can be played individually against a single opponent or between two teams of two player each. Each player uses tennis rackets that is strung with cord to strike a hollow rubber ball. For playing tennis various tennis apparel are worn which includes tennis shorts, skirts, tracks, headgear, and jackets. Increasing number of tennis tournaments and growing popularity of tennis among adults & children are the substantial driving factors of the market during the forecast period. Moreover, growing market for children’s tennis apparel is the major factor that likely to creating lucrative opportunity in the near future. Additionally, tennis offers several health benefits such as improve aerobic capacities, lowering resting heart rate, lowering body fact, improving muscle tone, strength and flexibility and so on. These benefits also aiding the growth of the tennis across the globe. However, high cost associated with the products and lack of or inadequate infrastructure are the factor that limiting the market growth of Tennis during the forecast period.
The regional analysis of Global Tennis Market is considered for the key regions such as Asia Pacific, North America, Europe, Latin America and Rest of the World. North America is the leading/significant region across the world in terms of market share due to growing interest among people towards tennis and increasing number of professional player in the region. Europe is estimated to grow at significant growth rate in the global Tennis market over the upcoming years. Asia-Pacific is anticipated to exhibit higher growth rate / CAGR over the forecast period 2018-2025 owing to growing popularity of tennis in the developing economies such as India and China.
The major market player included in this report are:
By Product Type:
The regional analysis of Global Tennis Market is considered for the key regions such as Asia Pacific, North America, Europe, Latin America and Rest of the World. North America is the leading/significant region across the world in terms of market share due to growing interest among people towards tennis and increasing number of professional player in the region. Europe is estimated to grow at significant growth rate in the global Tennis market over the upcoming years. Asia-Pacific is anticipated to exhibit higher growth rate / CAGR over the forecast period 2018-2025 owing to growing popularity of tennis in the developing economies such as India and China.
The major market player included in this report are:
- Adidas
- Fila
- Nike
- Puma
- Under Armour
- Amer Sports
- ASICS
- Babolat
- DUC
- Little Miss Tennis
- Loriet
- Lotto Sport Italia
- Prince Sports
- Solinco
- Tecnifibre
By Product Type:
- Apparel
- Footwear
- Online
- Offline
- Men
- Women
- North America
- U.S.
- Canada
- Europe
- UK
- Germany
- Asia Pacific
- China
- India
- Japan
- Latin America
- Brazil
- Mexico
- Rest of the World
- Historical year – 2015, 2016
- Base year – 2017
- Forecast period – 2018 to 2025
- Key Consulting Companies & Advisors
- Large, medium-sized, and small enterprises
- Venture capitalists
- Value-Added Resellers (VARs)
- Third-party knowledge providers
- Investment bankers
- Investors
CHAPTER 1. EXECUTIVE SUMMARY
1.1. Market Snapshot
1.2. Key Trends
1.3. Global & Segmental Market Estimates & Forecasts, 2015-2025 (USD Billion)
1.3.1. Tennis Market, by Product Type, 2015-2025 (USD Billion)
1.3.2. Tennis Market, by Distribution Channel, 2015-2025 (USD Billion)
1.3.3. Tennis Market, by End-User, 2015-2025 (USD Billion)
1.3.4. Tennis Market, by Region, 2015-2025 (USD Billion)
1.4. Estimation Methodology
1.5. Research Assumption
CHAPTER 2. TENNIS MARKET DEFINITION AND SCOPE
2.1. Objective of the Study
2.2. Market Definition & Scope
2.2.1. Industry Evolution
2.2.2. Scope of the Study
2.3. Years Considered for the Study
2.4. Currency Conversion Rates
CHAPTER 3. TENNIS MARKET DYNAMICS
3.1. See Saw Analysis
3.1.1. Market Drivers
3.1.2. Market Challenges
3.1.3. Market Opportunities
CHAPTER 4. TENNIS MARKET INDUSTRY ANALYSIS
4.1. Porter’s 5 Force Model
4.1.1. Bargaining Power of Buyers
4.1.2. Bargaining Power of Suppliers
4.1.3. Threat of New Entrants
4.1.4. Threat of Substitutes
4.1.5. Competitive Rivalry
4.1.6. Futuristic Approach to Porter’s 5 Force Model
4.2. PEST Analysis
4.2.1. Political Scenario
4.2.2. Economic Scenario
4.2.3. Social Scenario
4.2.4. Technological Scenario
4.3. Value Chain Analysis
4.3.1. Supplier
4.3.2. Manufacturers/Service Provider
4.3.3. Distributors
4.3.4. End-Users
4.4. Key Buying Criteria
4.5. Regulatory Framework
4.6. Cost Structure Analysis
4.6.1. Raw Material Cost Analysis
4.6.2. Manufacturing Cost Analysis
4.6.3. Labour Cost Analysis
4.7. Investment Vs Adoption Scenario
4.8. Analyst Recommendation & Conclusion
CHAPTER 5. TENNIS MARKET, BY PRODUCT TYPE
5.1. Market Snapshot
5.2. Market Performance - Potential Model
5.3. Key Market Players
5.4. Tennis Market, Sub Segment Analysis
5.4.1. Apparel
5.4.1.1. Market estimates & forecasts, 2015-2025 (USD Billion)
5.4.1.2. Regional breakdown estimates & forecasts, 2015-2025 (USD Billion)
5.4.2. Footwear
5.4.2.1. Market estimates & forecasts, 2015-2025 (USD Billion)
5.4.2.2. Regional breakdown estimates & forecasts, 2015-2025 (USD Billion)
CHAPTER 6. TENNIS MARKET, BY DISTRIBUTION CHANNEL
6.1. Market Snapshot
6.2. Market Performance - Potential Model
6.3. Key Market Players
6.4. Tennis Market, Sub Segment Analysis
6.4.1. Online
6.4.1.1. Market estimates & forecasts, 2015-2025 (USD Billion)
6.4.1.2. Regional breakdown estimates & forecasts, 2015-2025 (USD Billion)
6.4.2. Offline
6.4.2.1. Market estimates & forecasts, 2015-2025 (USD Billion)
6.4.2.2. Regional breakdown estimates & forecasts, 2015-2025 (USD Billion)
CHAPTER 7. TENNIS MARKET, BY END-USER
7.1. Market Snapshot
7.2. Market Performance - Potential Model
7.3. Key Market Players
7.4. Tennis Market, Sub Segment Analysis
7.4.1. Men
7.4.1.1. Market estimates & forecasts, 2015-2025 (USD Billion)
7.4.1.2. Regional breakdown estimates & forecasts, 2015-2025 (USD Billion)
7.4.2. Women
7.4.2.1. Market estimates & forecasts, 2015-2025 (USD Billion)
7.4.2.2. Regional breakdown estimates & forecasts, 2015-2025 (USD Billion)
CHAPTER 8. TENNIS MARKET, BY REGIONAL ANALYSIS
8.1. Tennis Market, Regional Market Snapshot (2015-2025)
8.2. North America Tennis Market Snapshot
8.2.1. U.S.
8.2.1.1. Market estimates & forecasts, 2015-2025 (USD Billion)
8.2.1.2. Product Type breakdown estimates & forecasts, 2015-2025 (USD Billion)
8.2.1.3. Distribution Channel breakdown estimates & forecasts, 2015-2025 (USD Billion)
8.2.1.4. End-User breakdown estimates & forecasts, 2015-2025 (USD Billion)
8.2.2. Canada
8.2.2.1. Market estimates & forecasts, 2015-2025 (USD Billion)
8.2.2.2. Product Type breakdown estimates & forecasts, 2015-2025 (USD Billion)
8.2.2.3. Distribution Channel breakdown estimates & forecasts, 2015-2025 (USD Billion)
8.2.2.4. End-User breakdown estimates & forecasts, 2015-2025 (USD Billion)
8.3. Europe Tennis Market Snapshot
8.3.1. U.K.
8.3.1.1. Market estimates & forecasts, 2015-2025 (USD Billion)
8.3.1.2. Product Type breakdown estimates & forecasts, 2015-2025 (USD Billion)
8.3.1.3. Distribution Channel breakdown estimates & forecasts, 2015-2025 (USD Billion)
8.3.1.4. End-User breakdown estimates & forecasts, 2015-2025 (USD Billion)
8.3.2. Germany
8.3.2.1. Market estimates & forecasts, 2015-2025 (USD Billion)
8.3.2.2. Product Type breakdown estimates & forecasts, 2015-2025 (USD Billion)
8.3.2.3. Distribution Channel breakdown estimates & forecasts, 2015-2025 (USD Billion)
8.3.2.4. End-User breakdown estimates & forecasts, 2015-2025 (USD Billion)
8.3.3. France
8.3.3.1. Market estimates & forecasts, 2015-2025 (USD Billion)
8.3.3.2. Product Type breakdown estimates & forecasts, 2015-2025 (USD Billion)
8.3.3.3. Distribution Channel breakdown estimates & forecasts, 2015-2025 (USD Billion)
8.3.3.4. End-User breakdown estimates & forecasts, 2015-2025 (USD Billion)
8.3.4. Rest of Europe
8.3.4.1. Market estimates & forecasts, 2015-2025 (USD Billion)
8.3.4.2. Product Type breakdown estimates & forecasts, 2015-2025 (USD Billion)
8.3.4.3. Distribution Channel breakdown estimates & forecasts, 2015-2025 (USD Billion)
8.3.4.4. End-User breakdown estimates & forecasts, 2015-2025 (USD Billion)
8.4. Asia Tennis Market Snapshot
8.4.1. China
8.4.1.1. Market estimates & forecasts, 2015-2025 (USD Billion)
8.4.1.2. Product Type breakdown estimates & forecasts, 2015-2025 (USD Billion)
8.4.1.3. Distribution Channel breakdown estimates & forecasts, 2015-2025 (USD Billion)
8.4.1.4. End-User breakdown estimates & forecasts, 2015-2025 (USD Billion)
8.4.2. India
8.4.2.1. Market estimates & forecasts, 2015-2025 (USD Billion)
8.4.2.2. Product Type breakdown estimates & forecasts, 2015-2025 (USD Billion)
8.4.2.3. Distribution Channel breakdown estimates & forecasts, 2015-2025 (USD Billion)
8.4.2.4. End-User breakdown estimates & forecasts, 2015-2025 (USD Billion)
8.4.3. Japan
8.4.3.1. Market estimates & forecasts, 2015-2025 (USD Billion)
8.4.3.2. Product Type breakdown estimates & forecasts, 2015-2025 (USD Billion)
8.4.3.3. Distribution Channel breakdown estimates & forecasts, 2015-2025 (USD Billion)
8.4.3.4. End-User breakdown estimates & forecasts, 2015-2025 (USD Billion)
8.4.4. Rest of Asia Pacific
8.4.4.1. Market estimates & forecasts, 2015-2025 (USD Billion)
8.4.4.2. Product Type breakdown estimates & forecasts, 2015-2025 (USD Billion)
8.4.4.3. Distribution Channel breakdown estimates & forecasts, 2015-2025 (USD Billion)
8.4.4.4. End-User breakdown estimates & forecasts, 2015-2025 (USD Billion)
8.5. Latin America Tennis Market Snapshot
8.5.1. Brazil
8.5.1.1. Market estimates & forecasts, 2015-2025 (USD Billion)
8.5.1.2. Product Type breakdown estimates & forecasts, 2015-2025 (USD Billion)
8.5.1.3. Distribution Channel breakdown estimates & forecasts, 2015-2025 (USD Billion)
8.5.1.4. End-User breakdown estimates & forecasts, 2015-2025 (USD Billion)
8.5.2. Mexico
8.5.2.1. Market estimates & forecasts, 2015-2025 (USD Billion)
8.5.2.2. Product Type breakdown estimates & forecasts, 2015-2025 (USD Billion)
8.5.2.3. Distribution Channel breakdown estimates & forecasts, 2015-2025 (USD Billion)
8.5.2.4. End-User breakdown estimates & forecasts, 2015-2025 (USD Billion)
8.6. Rest of The World
8.6.1. South America
8.6.1.1. Market estimates & forecasts, 2015-2025 (USD Billion)
8.6.1.2. Product Type breakdown estimates & forecasts, 2015-2025 (USD Billion)
8.6.1.3. Distribution Channel breakdown estimates & forecasts, 2015-2025 (USD Billion)
8.6.1.4. End-User breakdown estimates & forecasts, 2015-2025 (USD Billion)
8.6.2. Middle East and Africa
8.6.2.1. Market estimates & forecasts, 2015-2025 (USD Billion)
8.6.2.2. Product Type breakdown estimates & forecasts, 2015-2025 (USD Billion)
8.6.2.3. Distribution Channel breakdown estimates & forecasts, 2015-2025 (USD Billion)
8.6.2.4. End-User breakdown estimates & forecasts, 2015-2025 (USD Billion)
CHAPTER 9. COMPETITIVE INTELLIGENCE
9.1. Company Market Share (Subject to Data Availability)
9.2. Top Market Strategies
9.3. Company Profiles
9.3.1. Adidas
9.3.1.1. Overview
9.3.1.2. Financial (Subject to Data Availability)
9.3.1.3. Summary
9.3.1.4. Recent Developments
9.3.2. Fila
9.3.3. Nike
9.3.4. Puma
9.3.5. Under Armour
9.3.6. Amer Sports
9.3.7. ASICS
9.3.8. Babolat
9.3.9. DUC
9.3.10. Little Miss Tennis
9.3.11. Loriet
9.3.12. Lotto Sport Italia
9.3.13. Prince Sports
9.3.14. Solinco
9.3.15. Tecnifibre
CHAPTER 10. RESEARCH PROCESS
10.1. Research Process
10.1.1. Data Mining
10.1.2. Analysis
10.1.3. Market Estimation
10.1.4. Validation
10.1.5. Publishing
10.1.6. Research Assumption
1.1. Market Snapshot
1.2. Key Trends
1.3. Global & Segmental Market Estimates & Forecasts, 2015-2025 (USD Billion)
1.3.1. Tennis Market, by Product Type, 2015-2025 (USD Billion)
1.3.2. Tennis Market, by Distribution Channel, 2015-2025 (USD Billion)
1.3.3. Tennis Market, by End-User, 2015-2025 (USD Billion)
1.3.4. Tennis Market, by Region, 2015-2025 (USD Billion)
1.4. Estimation Methodology
1.5. Research Assumption
CHAPTER 2. TENNIS MARKET DEFINITION AND SCOPE
2.1. Objective of the Study
2.2. Market Definition & Scope
2.2.1. Industry Evolution
2.2.2. Scope of the Study
2.3. Years Considered for the Study
2.4. Currency Conversion Rates
CHAPTER 3. TENNIS MARKET DYNAMICS
3.1. See Saw Analysis
3.1.1. Market Drivers
3.1.2. Market Challenges
3.1.3. Market Opportunities
CHAPTER 4. TENNIS MARKET INDUSTRY ANALYSIS
4.1. Porter’s 5 Force Model
4.1.1. Bargaining Power of Buyers
4.1.2. Bargaining Power of Suppliers
4.1.3. Threat of New Entrants
4.1.4. Threat of Substitutes
4.1.5. Competitive Rivalry
4.1.6. Futuristic Approach to Porter’s 5 Force Model
4.2. PEST Analysis
4.2.1. Political Scenario
4.2.2. Economic Scenario
4.2.3. Social Scenario
4.2.4. Technological Scenario
4.3. Value Chain Analysis
4.3.1. Supplier
4.3.2. Manufacturers/Service Provider
4.3.3. Distributors
4.3.4. End-Users
4.4. Key Buying Criteria
4.5. Regulatory Framework
4.6. Cost Structure Analysis
4.6.1. Raw Material Cost Analysis
4.6.2. Manufacturing Cost Analysis
4.6.3. Labour Cost Analysis
4.7. Investment Vs Adoption Scenario
4.8. Analyst Recommendation & Conclusion
CHAPTER 5. TENNIS MARKET, BY PRODUCT TYPE
5.1. Market Snapshot
5.2. Market Performance - Potential Model
5.3. Key Market Players
5.4. Tennis Market, Sub Segment Analysis
5.4.1. Apparel
5.4.1.1. Market estimates & forecasts, 2015-2025 (USD Billion)
5.4.1.2. Regional breakdown estimates & forecasts, 2015-2025 (USD Billion)
5.4.2. Footwear
5.4.2.1. Market estimates & forecasts, 2015-2025 (USD Billion)
5.4.2.2. Regional breakdown estimates & forecasts, 2015-2025 (USD Billion)
CHAPTER 6. TENNIS MARKET, BY DISTRIBUTION CHANNEL
6.1. Market Snapshot
6.2. Market Performance - Potential Model
6.3. Key Market Players
6.4. Tennis Market, Sub Segment Analysis
6.4.1. Online
6.4.1.1. Market estimates & forecasts, 2015-2025 (USD Billion)
6.4.1.2. Regional breakdown estimates & forecasts, 2015-2025 (USD Billion)
6.4.2. Offline
6.4.2.1. Market estimates & forecasts, 2015-2025 (USD Billion)
6.4.2.2. Regional breakdown estimates & forecasts, 2015-2025 (USD Billion)
CHAPTER 7. TENNIS MARKET, BY END-USER
7.1. Market Snapshot
7.2. Market Performance - Potential Model
7.3. Key Market Players
7.4. Tennis Market, Sub Segment Analysis
7.4.1. Men
7.4.1.1. Market estimates & forecasts, 2015-2025 (USD Billion)
7.4.1.2. Regional breakdown estimates & forecasts, 2015-2025 (USD Billion)
7.4.2. Women
7.4.2.1. Market estimates & forecasts, 2015-2025 (USD Billion)
7.4.2.2. Regional breakdown estimates & forecasts, 2015-2025 (USD Billion)
CHAPTER 8. TENNIS MARKET, BY REGIONAL ANALYSIS
8.1. Tennis Market, Regional Market Snapshot (2015-2025)
8.2. North America Tennis Market Snapshot
8.2.1. U.S.
8.2.1.1. Market estimates & forecasts, 2015-2025 (USD Billion)
8.2.1.2. Product Type breakdown estimates & forecasts, 2015-2025 (USD Billion)
8.2.1.3. Distribution Channel breakdown estimates & forecasts, 2015-2025 (USD Billion)
8.2.1.4. End-User breakdown estimates & forecasts, 2015-2025 (USD Billion)
8.2.2. Canada
8.2.2.1. Market estimates & forecasts, 2015-2025 (USD Billion)
8.2.2.2. Product Type breakdown estimates & forecasts, 2015-2025 (USD Billion)
8.2.2.3. Distribution Channel breakdown estimates & forecasts, 2015-2025 (USD Billion)
8.2.2.4. End-User breakdown estimates & forecasts, 2015-2025 (USD Billion)
8.3. Europe Tennis Market Snapshot
8.3.1. U.K.
8.3.1.1. Market estimates & forecasts, 2015-2025 (USD Billion)
8.3.1.2. Product Type breakdown estimates & forecasts, 2015-2025 (USD Billion)
8.3.1.3. Distribution Channel breakdown estimates & forecasts, 2015-2025 (USD Billion)
8.3.1.4. End-User breakdown estimates & forecasts, 2015-2025 (USD Billion)
8.3.2. Germany
8.3.2.1. Market estimates & forecasts, 2015-2025 (USD Billion)
8.3.2.2. Product Type breakdown estimates & forecasts, 2015-2025 (USD Billion)
8.3.2.3. Distribution Channel breakdown estimates & forecasts, 2015-2025 (USD Billion)
8.3.2.4. End-User breakdown estimates & forecasts, 2015-2025 (USD Billion)
8.3.3. France
8.3.3.1. Market estimates & forecasts, 2015-2025 (USD Billion)
8.3.3.2. Product Type breakdown estimates & forecasts, 2015-2025 (USD Billion)
8.3.3.3. Distribution Channel breakdown estimates & forecasts, 2015-2025 (USD Billion)
8.3.3.4. End-User breakdown estimates & forecasts, 2015-2025 (USD Billion)
8.3.4. Rest of Europe
8.3.4.1. Market estimates & forecasts, 2015-2025 (USD Billion)
8.3.4.2. Product Type breakdown estimates & forecasts, 2015-2025 (USD Billion)
8.3.4.3. Distribution Channel breakdown estimates & forecasts, 2015-2025 (USD Billion)
8.3.4.4. End-User breakdown estimates & forecasts, 2015-2025 (USD Billion)
8.4. Asia Tennis Market Snapshot
8.4.1. China
8.4.1.1. Market estimates & forecasts, 2015-2025 (USD Billion)
8.4.1.2. Product Type breakdown estimates & forecasts, 2015-2025 (USD Billion)
8.4.1.3. Distribution Channel breakdown estimates & forecasts, 2015-2025 (USD Billion)
8.4.1.4. End-User breakdown estimates & forecasts, 2015-2025 (USD Billion)
8.4.2. India
8.4.2.1. Market estimates & forecasts, 2015-2025 (USD Billion)
8.4.2.2. Product Type breakdown estimates & forecasts, 2015-2025 (USD Billion)
8.4.2.3. Distribution Channel breakdown estimates & forecasts, 2015-2025 (USD Billion)
8.4.2.4. End-User breakdown estimates & forecasts, 2015-2025 (USD Billion)
8.4.3. Japan
8.4.3.1. Market estimates & forecasts, 2015-2025 (USD Billion)
8.4.3.2. Product Type breakdown estimates & forecasts, 2015-2025 (USD Billion)
8.4.3.3. Distribution Channel breakdown estimates & forecasts, 2015-2025 (USD Billion)
8.4.3.4. End-User breakdown estimates & forecasts, 2015-2025 (USD Billion)
8.4.4. Rest of Asia Pacific
8.4.4.1. Market estimates & forecasts, 2015-2025 (USD Billion)
8.4.4.2. Product Type breakdown estimates & forecasts, 2015-2025 (USD Billion)
8.4.4.3. Distribution Channel breakdown estimates & forecasts, 2015-2025 (USD Billion)
8.4.4.4. End-User breakdown estimates & forecasts, 2015-2025 (USD Billion)
8.5. Latin America Tennis Market Snapshot
8.5.1. Brazil
8.5.1.1. Market estimates & forecasts, 2015-2025 (USD Billion)
8.5.1.2. Product Type breakdown estimates & forecasts, 2015-2025 (USD Billion)
8.5.1.3. Distribution Channel breakdown estimates & forecasts, 2015-2025 (USD Billion)
8.5.1.4. End-User breakdown estimates & forecasts, 2015-2025 (USD Billion)
8.5.2. Mexico
8.5.2.1. Market estimates & forecasts, 2015-2025 (USD Billion)
8.5.2.2. Product Type breakdown estimates & forecasts, 2015-2025 (USD Billion)
8.5.2.3. Distribution Channel breakdown estimates & forecasts, 2015-2025 (USD Billion)
8.5.2.4. End-User breakdown estimates & forecasts, 2015-2025 (USD Billion)
8.6. Rest of The World
8.6.1. South America
8.6.1.1. Market estimates & forecasts, 2015-2025 (USD Billion)
8.6.1.2. Product Type breakdown estimates & forecasts, 2015-2025 (USD Billion)
8.6.1.3. Distribution Channel breakdown estimates & forecasts, 2015-2025 (USD Billion)
8.6.1.4. End-User breakdown estimates & forecasts, 2015-2025 (USD Billion)
8.6.2. Middle East and Africa
8.6.2.1. Market estimates & forecasts, 2015-2025 (USD Billion)
8.6.2.2. Product Type breakdown estimates & forecasts, 2015-2025 (USD Billion)
8.6.2.3. Distribution Channel breakdown estimates & forecasts, 2015-2025 (USD Billion)
8.6.2.4. End-User breakdown estimates & forecasts, 2015-2025 (USD Billion)
CHAPTER 9. COMPETITIVE INTELLIGENCE
9.1. Company Market Share (Subject to Data Availability)
9.2. Top Market Strategies
9.3. Company Profiles
9.3.1. Adidas
9.3.1.1. Overview
9.3.1.2. Financial (Subject to Data Availability)
9.3.1.3. Summary
9.3.1.4. Recent Developments
9.3.2. Fila
9.3.3. Nike
9.3.4. Puma
9.3.5. Under Armour
9.3.6. Amer Sports
9.3.7. ASICS
9.3.8. Babolat
9.3.9. DUC
9.3.10. Little Miss Tennis
9.3.11. Loriet
9.3.12. Lotto Sport Italia
9.3.13. Prince Sports
9.3.14. Solinco
9.3.15. Tecnifibre
CHAPTER 10. RESEARCH PROCESS
10.1. Research Process
10.1.1. Data Mining
10.1.2. Analysis
10.1.3. Market Estimation
10.1.4. Validation
10.1.5. Publishing
10.1.6. Research Assumption