Shaker Bottles Market, Global Outlook and Forecast 2022-2028

March 2022 | 74 pages | ID: S1004477CA1DEN
Market Monitor Global

Abstracts

A shaker bottles is a mixing mechanism that works to break up and blend ingredients into a smooth liquid shake.

This report contains market size and forecasts of Shaker Bottles in global, including the following market information:

Global Shaker Bottles Market Revenue, 2017-2022, 2023-2028, ($ millions)

Global Shaker Bottles Market Sales, 2017-2022, 2023-2028, (K Units)

Global top five Shaker Bottles companies in 2021 (%)

The global Shaker Bottles market was valued at million in 2021 and is projected to reach US$ million by 2028, at a CAGR of % during the forecast period.

The U.S. Market is Estimated at $ Million in 2021, While China is Forecast to Reach $ Million by 2028.

Plastic Made Segment to Reach $ Million by 2028, with a % CAGR in next six years.

The global key manufacturers of Shaker Bottles include BlenderBottle, Smart Shake, PhD, Hydra Cup, Contigo, GNC, Avex and Cyclonecup, etc. In 2021, the global top five players have a share approximately % in terms of revenue.

MARKET MONITOR GLOBAL, INC (MMG) has surveyed the Shaker Bottles manufacturers, suppliers, distributors and industry experts on this industry, involving the sales, revenue, demand, price change, product type, recent development and plan, industry trends, drivers, challenges, obstacles, and potential risks.

Total Market by Segment:

Global Shaker Bottles Market, by Type, 2017-2022, 2023-2028 ($ Millions) & (K Units)

Global Shaker Bottles Market Segment Percentages, by Type, 2021 (%)

• Plastic Made
• Stainless Steel Made
• Others

Global Shaker Bottles Market, by Application, 2017-2022, 2023-2028 ($ Millions) & (K Units)

Global Shaker Bottles Market Segment Percentages, by Application, 2021 (%)

• For Protein Mixing
• For Other Suppliment Drinks

Global Shaker Bottles Market, By Region and Country, 2017-2022, 2023-2028 ($ Millions) & (K Units)

Global Shaker Bottles Market Segment Percentages, By Region and Country, 2021 (%)

• North America
• US
• Canada
• Mexico
• Europe
• Germany
• France
• U.K.
• Italy
• Russia
• Nordic Countries
• Benelux
• Rest of Europe
• Asia
• China
• Japan
• South Korea
• Southeast Asia
• India
• Rest of Asia
• South America
• Brazil
• Argentina
• Rest of South America
• Middle East & Africa
• Turkey
• Israel
• Saudi Arabia
• UAE
• Rest of Middle East & Africa

Competitor Analysis

The report also provides analysis of leading market participants including:

Key companies Shaker Bottles revenues in global market, 2017-2022 (Estimated), ($ millions)

Key companies Shaker Bottles revenues share in global market, 2021 (%)

Key companies Shaker Bottles sales in global market, 2017-2022 (Estimated), (K Units)

Key companies Shaker Bottles sales share in global market, 2021 (%)

Further, the report presents profiles of competitors in the market, key players include:

• BlenderBottle
• Smart Shake
• PhD
• Hydra Cup
• Contigo
• GNC
• Avex
• Cyclonecup

Contents

1 INTRODUCTION TO RESEARCH & ANALYSIS REPORTS

1.1 Shaker Bottles Market Definition
1.2 Market Segments
  1.2.1 Market by Type
  1.2.2 Market by Application
1.3 Global Shaker Bottles Market Overview
1.4 Features & Benefits of This Report
1.5 Methodology & Sources of Information
  1.5.1 Research Methodology
  1.5.2 Research Process
  1.5.3 Base Year
  1.5.4 Report Assumptions & Caveats

2 GLOBAL SHAKER BOTTLES OVERALL MARKET SIZE

2.1 Global Shaker Bottles Market Size: 2021 VS 2028
2.2 Global Shaker Bottles Revenue, Prospects & Forecasts: 2017-2028
2.3 Global Shaker Bottles Sales: 2017-2028

3 COMPANY LANDSCAPE

3.1 Top Shaker Bottles Players in Global Market
3.2 Top Global Shaker Bottles Companies Ranked by Revenue
3.3 Global Shaker Bottles Revenue by Companies
3.4 Global Shaker Bottles Sales by Companies
3.5 Global Shaker Bottles Price by Manufacturer (2017-2022)
3.6 Top 3 and Top 5 Shaker Bottles Companies in Global Market, by Revenue in 2021
3.7 Global Manufacturers Shaker Bottles Product Type
3.8 Tier 1, Tier 2 and Tier 3 Shaker Bottles Players in Global Market
  3.8.1 List of Global Tier 1 Shaker Bottles Companies
  3.8.2 List of Global Tier 2 and Tier 3 Shaker Bottles Companies

4 SIGHTS BY PRODUCT

4.1 Overview
  4.1.1 By Type - Global Shaker Bottles Market Size Markets, 2021 & 2028
  4.1.2 Plastic Made
  4.1.3 Stainless Steel Made
  4.1.4 Others
4.2 By Type - Global Shaker Bottles Revenue & Forecasts
  4.2.1 By Type - Global Shaker Bottles Revenue, 2017-2022
  4.2.2 By Type - Global Shaker Bottles Revenue, 2023-2028
  4.2.3 By Type - Global Shaker Bottles Revenue Market Share, 2017-2028
4.3 By Type - Global Shaker Bottles Sales & Forecasts
  4.3.1 By Type - Global Shaker Bottles Sales, 2017-2022
  4.3.2 By Type - Global Shaker Bottles Sales, 2023-2028
  4.3.3 By Type - Global Shaker Bottles Sales Market Share, 2017-2028
4.4 By Type - Global Shaker Bottles Price (Manufacturers Selling Prices), 2017-2028

5 SIGHTS BY APPLICATION

5.1 Overview
  5.1.1 By Application - Global Shaker Bottles Market Size, 2021 & 2028
  5.1.2 For Protein Mixing
  5.1.3 For Other Suppliment Drinks
5.2 By Application - Global Shaker Bottles Revenue & Forecasts
  5.2.1 By Application - Global Shaker Bottles Revenue, 2017-2022
  5.2.2 By Application - Global Shaker Bottles Revenue, 2023-2028
  5.2.3 By Application - Global Shaker Bottles Revenue Market Share, 2017-2028
5.3 By Application - Global Shaker Bottles Sales & Forecasts
  5.3.1 By Application - Global Shaker Bottles Sales, 2017-2022
  5.3.2 By Application - Global Shaker Bottles Sales, 2023-2028
  5.3.3 By Application - Global Shaker Bottles Sales Market Share, 2017-2028
5.4 By Application - Global Shaker Bottles Price (Manufacturers Selling Prices), 2017-2028

6 SIGHTS BY REGION

6.1 By Region - Global Shaker Bottles Market Size, 2021 & 2028
6.2 By Region - Global Shaker Bottles Revenue & Forecasts
  6.2.1 By Region - Global Shaker Bottles Revenue, 2017-2022
  6.2.2 By Region - Global Shaker Bottles Revenue, 2023-2028
  6.2.3 By Region - Global Shaker Bottles Revenue Market Share, 2017-2028
6.3 By Region - Global Shaker Bottles Sales & Forecasts
  6.3.1 By Region - Global Shaker Bottles Sales, 2017-2022
  6.3.2 By Region - Global Shaker Bottles Sales, 2023-2028
  6.3.3 By Region - Global Shaker Bottles Sales Market Share, 2017-2028
6.4 North America
  6.4.1 By Country - North America Shaker Bottles Revenue, 2017-2028
  6.4.2 By Country - North America Shaker Bottles Sales, 2017-2028
  6.4.3 US Shaker Bottles Market Size, 2017-2028
  6.4.4 Canada Shaker Bottles Market Size, 2017-2028
  6.4.5 Mexico Shaker Bottles Market Size, 2017-2028
6.5 Europe
  6.5.1 By Country - Europe Shaker Bottles Revenue, 2017-2028
  6.5.2 By Country - Europe Shaker Bottles Sales, 2017-2028
  6.5.3 Germany Shaker Bottles Market Size, 2017-2028
  6.5.4 France Shaker Bottles Market Size, 2017-2028
  6.5.5 U.K. Shaker Bottles Market Size, 2017-2028
  6.5.6 Italy Shaker Bottles Market Size, 2017-2028
  6.5.7 Russia Shaker Bottles Market Size, 2017-2028
  6.5.8 Nordic Countries Shaker Bottles Market Size, 2017-2028
  6.5.9 Benelux Shaker Bottles Market Size, 2017-2028
6.6 Asia
  6.6.1 By Region - Asia Shaker Bottles Revenue, 2017-2028
  6.6.2 By Region - Asia Shaker Bottles Sales, 2017-2028
  6.6.3 China Shaker Bottles Market Size, 2017-2028
  6.6.4 Japan Shaker Bottles Market Size, 2017-2028
  6.6.5 South Korea Shaker Bottles Market Size, 2017-2028
  6.6.6 Southeast Asia Shaker Bottles Market Size, 2017-2028
  6.6.7 India Shaker Bottles Market Size, 2017-2028
6.7 South America
  6.7.1 By Country - South America Shaker Bottles Revenue, 2017-2028
  6.7.2 By Country - South America Shaker Bottles Sales, 2017-2028
  6.7.3 Brazil Shaker Bottles Market Size, 2017-2028
  6.7.4 Argentina Shaker Bottles Market Size, 2017-2028
6.8 Middle East & Africa
  6.8.1 By Country - Middle East & Africa Shaker Bottles Revenue, 2017-2028
  6.8.2 By Country - Middle East & Africa Shaker Bottles Sales, 2017-2028
  6.8.3 Turkey Shaker Bottles Market Size, 2017-2028
  6.8.4 Israel Shaker Bottles Market Size, 2017-2028
  6.8.5 Saudi Arabia Shaker Bottles Market Size, 2017-2028
  6.8.6 UAE Shaker Bottles Market Size, 2017-2028

7 MANUFACTURERS & BRANDS PROFILES

7.1 BlenderBottle
  7.1.1 BlenderBottle Corporate Summary
  7.1.2 BlenderBottle Business Overview
  7.1.3 BlenderBottle Shaker Bottles Major Product Offerings
  7.1.4 BlenderBottle Shaker Bottles Sales and Revenue in Global (2017-2022)
  7.1.5 BlenderBottle Key News
7.2 Smart Shake
  7.2.1 Smart Shake Corporate Summary
  7.2.2 Smart Shake Business Overview
  7.2.3 Smart Shake Shaker Bottles Major Product Offerings
  7.2.4 Smart Shake Shaker Bottles Sales and Revenue in Global (2017-2022)
  7.2.5 Smart Shake Key News
7.3 PhD
  7.3.1 PhD Corporate Summary
  7.3.2 PhD Business Overview
  7.3.3 PhD Shaker Bottles Major Product Offerings
  7.3.4 PhD Shaker Bottles Sales and Revenue in Global (2017-2022)
  7.3.5 PhD Key News
7.4 Hydra Cup
  7.4.1 Hydra Cup Corporate Summary
  7.4.2 Hydra Cup Business Overview
  7.4.3 Hydra Cup Shaker Bottles Major Product Offerings
  7.4.4 Hydra Cup Shaker Bottles Sales and Revenue in Global (2017-2022)
  7.4.5 Hydra Cup Key News
7.5 Contigo
  7.5.1 Contigo Corporate Summary
  7.5.2 Contigo Business Overview
  7.5.3 Contigo Shaker Bottles Major Product Offerings
  7.5.4 Contigo Shaker Bottles Sales and Revenue in Global (2017-2022)
  7.5.5 Contigo Key News
7.6 GNC
  7.6.1 GNC Corporate Summary
  7.6.2 GNC Business Overview
  7.6.3 GNC Shaker Bottles Major Product Offerings
  7.6.4 GNC Shaker Bottles Sales and Revenue in Global (2017-2022)
  7.6.5 GNC Key News
7.7 Avex
  7.7.1 Avex Corporate Summary
  7.7.2 Avex Business Overview
  7.7.3 Avex Shaker Bottles Major Product Offerings
  7.7.4 Avex Shaker Bottles Sales and Revenue in Global (2017-2022)
  7.7.5 Avex Key News
7.8 Cyclonecup
  7.8.1 Cyclonecup Corporate Summary
  7.8.2 Cyclonecup Business Overview
  7.8.3 Cyclonecup Shaker Bottles Major Product Offerings
  7.8.4 Cyclonecup Shaker Bottles Sales and Revenue in Global (2017-2022)
  7.8.5 Cyclonecup Key News

8 GLOBAL SHAKER BOTTLES PRODUCTION CAPACITY, ANALYSIS

8.1 Global Shaker Bottles Production Capacity, 2017-2028
8.2 Shaker Bottles Production Capacity of Key Manufacturers in Global Market
8.3 Global Shaker Bottles Production by Region

9 KEY MARKET TRENDS, OPPORTUNITY, DRIVERS AND RESTRAINTS

9.1 Market Opportunities & Trends
9.2 Market Drivers
9.3 Market Restraints

10 SHAKER BOTTLES SUPPLY CHAIN ANALYSIS

10.1 Shaker Bottles Industry Value Chain
10.2 Shaker Bottles Upstream Market
10.3 Shaker Bottles Downstream and Clients
10.4 Marketing Channels Analysis
  10.4.1 Marketing Channels
  10.4.2 Shaker Bottles Distributors and Sales Agents in Global

11 CONCLUSION

12 APPENDIX

12.1 Note
12.2 Examples of Clients
12.3 Disclaimer

List Of Tables

LIST OF TABLES

Table 1. Key Players of Shaker Bottles in Global Market
Table 2. Top Shaker Bottles Players in Global Market, Ranking by Revenue (2021)
Table 3. Global Shaker Bottles Revenue by Companies, (US$, Mn), 2017-2022
Table 4. Global Shaker Bottles Revenue Share by Companies, 2017-2022
Table 5. Global Shaker Bottles Sales by Companies, (K Units), 2017-2022
Table 6. Global Shaker Bottles Sales Share by Companies, 2017-2022
Table 7. Key Manufacturers Shaker Bottles Price (2017-2022) & (USD/Unit)
Table 8. Global Manufacturers Shaker Bottles Product Type
Table 9. List of Global Tier 1 Shaker Bottles Companies, Revenue (US$, Mn) in 2021 and Market Share
Table 10. List of Global Tier 2 and Tier 3 Shaker Bottles Companies, Revenue (US$, Mn) in 2021 and Market Share
Table 11. By Type – Global Shaker Bottles Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2021 & 2028
Table 12. By Type - Global Shaker Bottles Revenue (US$, Mn), 2017-2022
Table 13. By Type - Global Shaker Bottles Revenue (US$, Mn), 2023-2028
Table 14. By Type - Global Shaker Bottles Sales (K Units), 2017-2022
Table 15. By Type - Global Shaker Bottles Sales (K Units), 2023-2028
Table 16. By Application – Global Shaker Bottles Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2021 & 2028
Table 17. By Application - Global Shaker Bottles Revenue (US$, Mn), 2017-2022
Table 18. By Application - Global Shaker Bottles Revenue (US$, Mn), 2023-2028
Table 19. By Application - Global Shaker Bottles Sales (K Units), 2017-2022
Table 20. By Application - Global Shaker Bottles Sales (K Units), 2023-2028
Table 21. By Region – Global Shaker Bottles Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2021 VS 2028
Table 22. By Region - Global Shaker Bottles Revenue (US$, Mn), 2017-2022
Table 23. By Region - Global Shaker Bottles Revenue (US$, Mn), 2023-2028
Table 24. By Region - Global Shaker Bottles Sales (K Units), 2017-2022
Table 25. By Region - Global Shaker Bottles Sales (K Units), 2023-2028
Table 26. By Country - North America Shaker Bottles Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2017-2022
Table 27. By Country - North America Shaker Bottles Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2023-2028
Table 28. By Country - North America Shaker Bottles Sales, (K Units), 2017-2022
Table 29. By Country - North America Shaker Bottles Sales, (K Units), 2023-2028
Table 30. By Country - Europe Shaker Bottles Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2017-2022
Table 31. By Country - Europe Shaker Bottles Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2023-2028
Table 32. By Country - Europe Shaker Bottles Sales, (K Units), 2017-2022
Table 33. By Country - Europe Shaker Bottles Sales, (K Units), 2023-2028
Table 34. By Region - Asia Shaker Bottles Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2017-2022
Table 35. By Region - Asia Shaker Bottles Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2023-2028
Table 36. By Region - Asia Shaker Bottles Sales, (K Units), 2017-2022
Table 37. By Region - Asia Shaker Bottles Sales, (K Units), 2023-2028
Table 38. By Country - South America Shaker Bottles Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2017-2022
Table 39. By Country - South America Shaker Bottles Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2023-2028
Table 40. By Country - South America Shaker Bottles Sales, (K Units), 2017-2022
Table 41. By Country - South America Shaker Bottles Sales, (K Units), 2023-2028
Table 42. By Country - Middle East & Africa Shaker Bottles Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2017-2022
Table 43. By Country - Middle East & Africa Shaker Bottles Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2023-2028
Table 44. By Country - Middle East & Africa Shaker Bottles Sales, (K Units), 2017-2022
Table 45. By Country - Middle East & Africa Shaker Bottles Sales, (K Units), 2023-2028
Table 46. BlenderBottle Corporate Summary
Table 47. BlenderBottle Shaker Bottles Product Offerings
Table 48. BlenderBottle Shaker Bottles Sales (K Units), Revenue (US$, Mn) and Average Price (USD/Unit) (2017-2022)
Table 49. Smart Shake Corporate Summary
Table 50. Smart Shake Shaker Bottles Product Offerings
Table 51. Smart Shake Shaker Bottles Sales (K Units), Revenue (US$, Mn) and Average Price (USD/Unit) (2017-2022)
Table 52. PhD Corporate Summary
Table 53. PhD Shaker Bottles Product Offerings
Table 54. PhD Shaker Bottles Sales (K Units), Revenue (US$, Mn) and Average Price (USD/Unit) (2017-2022)
Table 55. Hydra Cup Corporate Summary
Table 56. Hydra Cup Shaker Bottles Product Offerings
Table 57. Hydra Cup Shaker Bottles Sales (K Units), Revenue (US$, Mn) and Average Price (USD/Unit) (2017-2022)
Table 58. Contigo Corporate Summary
Table 59. Contigo Shaker Bottles Product Offerings
Table 60. Contigo Shaker Bottles Sales (K Units), Revenue (US$, Mn) and Average Price (USD/Unit) (2017-2022)
Table 61. GNC Corporate Summary
Table 62. GNC Shaker Bottles Product Offerings
Table 63. GNC Shaker Bottles Sales (K Units), Revenue (US$, Mn) and Average Price (USD/Unit) (2017-2022)
Table 64. Avex Corporate Summary
Table 65. Avex Shaker Bottles Product Offerings
Table 66. Avex Shaker Bottles Sales (K Units), Revenue (US$, Mn) and Average Price (USD/Unit) (2017-2022)
Table 67. Cyclonecup Corporate Summary
Table 68. Cyclonecup Shaker Bottles Product Offerings
Table 69. Cyclonecup Shaker Bottles Sales (K Units), Revenue (US$, Mn) and Average Price (USD/Unit) (2017-2022)
Table 70. Shaker Bottles Production Capacity (K Units) of Key Manufacturers in Global Market, 2020-2022 (K Units)
Table 71. Global Shaker Bottles Capacity Market Share of Key Manufacturers, 2020-2022
Table 72. Global Shaker Bottles Production by Region, 2017-2022 (K Units)
Table 73. Global Shaker Bottles Production by Region, 2023-2028 (K Units)
Table 74. Shaker Bottles Market Opportunities & Trends in Global Market
Table 75. Shaker Bottles Market Drivers in Global Market
Table 76. Shaker Bottles Market Restraints in Global Market
Table 77. Shaker Bottles Raw Materials
Table 78. Shaker Bottles Raw Materials Suppliers in Global Market
Table 79. Typical Shaker Bottles Downstream
Table 80. Shaker Bottles Downstream Clients in Global Market
Table 81. Shaker Bottles Distributors and Sales Agents in Global Market

List Of Figures

LIST OF FIGURES

Figure 1. Shaker Bottles Segment by Type
Figure 2. Shaker Bottles Segment by Application
Figure 3. Global Shaker Bottles Market Overview: 2021
Figure 4. Key Caveats
Figure 5. Global Shaker Bottles Market Size: 2021 VS 2028 (US$, Mn)
Figure 6. Global Shaker Bottles Revenue, 2017-2028 (US$, Mn)
Figure 7. Shaker Bottles Sales in Global Market: 2017-2028 (K Units)
Figure 8. The Top 3 and 5 Players Market Share by Shaker Bottles Revenue in 2021
Figure 9. By Type - Global Shaker Bottles Sales Market Share, 2017-2028
Figure 10. By Type - Global Shaker Bottles Revenue Market Share, 2017-2028
Figure 11. By Type - Global Shaker Bottles Price (USD/Unit), 2017-2028
Figure 12. By Application - Global Shaker Bottles Sales Market Share, 2017-2028
Figure 13. By Application - Global Shaker Bottles Revenue Market Share, 2017-2028
Figure 14. By Application - Global Shaker Bottles Price (USD/Unit), 2017-2028
Figure 15. By Region - Global Shaker Bottles Sales Market Share, 2017-2028
Figure 16. By Region - Global Shaker Bottles Revenue Market Share, 2017-2028
Figure 17. By Country - North America Shaker Bottles Revenue Market Share, 2017-2028
Figure 18. By Country - North America Shaker Bottles Sales Market Share, 2017-2028
Figure 19. US Shaker Bottles Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2017-2028
Figure 20. Canada Shaker Bottles Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2017-2028
Figure 21. Mexico Shaker Bottles Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2017-2028
Figure 22. By Country - Europe Shaker Bottles Revenue Market Share, 2017-2028
Figure 23. By Country - Europe Shaker Bottles Sales Market Share, 2017-2028
Figure 24. Germany Shaker Bottles Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2017-2028
Figure 25. France Shaker Bottles Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2017-2028
Figure 26. U.K. Shaker Bottles Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2017-2028
Figure 27. Italy Shaker Bottles Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2017-2028
Figure 28. Russia Shaker Bottles Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2017-2028
Figure 29. Nordic Countries Shaker Bottles Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2017-2028
Figure 30. Benelux Shaker Bottles Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2017-2028
Figure 31. By Region - Asia Shaker Bottles Revenue Market Share, 2017-2028
Figure 32. By Region - Asia Shaker Bottles Sales Market Share, 2017-2028
Figure 33. China Shaker Bottles Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2017-2028
Figure 34. Japan Shaker Bottles Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2017-2028
Figure 35. South Korea Shaker Bottles Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2017-2028
Figure 36. Southeast Asia Shaker Bottles Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2017-2028
Figure 37. India Shaker Bottles Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2017-2028
Figure 38. By Country - South America Shaker Bottles Revenue Market Share, 2017-2028
Figure 39. By Country - South America Shaker Bottles Sales Market Share, 2017-2028
Figure 40. Brazil Shaker Bottles Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2017-2028
Figure 41. Argentina Shaker Bottles Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2017-2028
Figure 42. By Country - Middle East & Africa Shaker Bottles Revenue Market Share, 2017-2028
Figure 43. By Country - Middle East & Africa Shaker Bottles Sales Market Share, 2017-2028
Figure 44. Turkey Shaker Bottles Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2017-2028
Figure 45. Israel Shaker Bottles Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2017-2028
Figure 46. Saudi Arabia Shaker Bottles Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2017-2028
Figure 47. UAE Shaker Bottles Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2017-2028
Figure 48. Global Shaker Bottles Production Capacity (K Units), 2017-2028
Figure 49. The Percentage of Production Shaker Bottles by Region, 2021 VS 2028
Figure 50. Shaker Bottles Industry Value Chain
Figure 51. Marketing Channels