Gluten Testers Market - Global Outlook and Forecast 2022-2028

March 2022 | 78 pages | ID: GEA71788B06DEN
Market Monitor Global

Abstracts

Gluten Tester can tell consumer whether the food in question has gluten in it or not.

This report contains market size and forecasts of Gluten Testers in global, including the following market information:

Global Gluten Testers Market Revenue, 2017-2022, 2023-2028, ($ millions)

Global Gluten Testers Market Sales, 2017-2022, 2023-2028, (K Units)

Global top five Gluten Testers companies in 2021 (%)

The global Gluten Testers market was valued at million in 2021 and is projected to reach US$ million by 2028, at a CAGR of % during the forecast period.

The U.S. Market is Estimated at $ Million in 2021, While China is Forecast to Reach $ Million by 2028.

Gluten Sensor Segment to Reach $ Million by 2028, with a % CAGR in next six years.

The global key manufacturers of Gluten Testers include Nima, EZ Gluten, Eurofins Technologies, GlutenTox Home, Romer Labs, NanoRepro AG, R-Biopharm AG and ELISA Technologies, Inc., etc. In 2021, the global top five players have a share approximately % in terms of revenue.

MARKET MONITOR GLOBAL, INC (MMG) has surveyed the Gluten Testers manufacturers, suppliers, distributors and industry experts on this industry, involving the sales, revenue, demand, price change, product type, recent development and plan, industry trends, drivers, challenges, obstacles, and potential risks.

Total Market by Segment:

Global Gluten Testers Market, by Type, 2017-2022, 2023-2028 ($ Millions) & (K Units)

Global Gluten Testers Market Segment Percentages, by Type, 2021 (%)

• Gluten Sensor
• Gluten Test Kits

Global Gluten Testers Market, by Application, 2017-2022, 2023-2028 ($ Millions) & (K Units)

Global Gluten Testers Market Segment Percentages, by Application, 2021 (%)

• Catering Industry
• Medical Industry
• Home

Global Gluten Testers Market, By Region and Country, 2017-2022, 2023-2028 ($ Millions) & (K Units)

Global Gluten Testers Market Segment Percentages, By Region and Country, 2021 (%)

• North America
• US
• Canada
• Mexico
• Europe
• Germany
• France
• U.K.
• Italy
• Russia
• Nordic Countries
• Benelux
• Rest of Europe
• Asia
• China
• Japan
• South Korea
• Southeast Asia
• India
• Rest of Asia
• South America
• Brazil
• Argentina
• Rest of South America
• Middle East & Africa
• Turkey
• Israel
• Saudi Arabia
• UAE
• Rest of Middle East & Africa

Competitor Analysis

The report also provides analysis of leading market participants including:

Key companies Gluten Testers revenues in global market, 2017-2022 (Estimated), ($ millions)

Key companies Gluten Testers revenues share in global market, 2021 (%)

Key companies Gluten Testers sales in global market, 2017-2022 (Estimated), (K Units)

Key companies Gluten Testers sales share in global market, 2021 (%)

Further, the report presents profiles of competitors in the market, key players include:

• Nima
• EZ Gluten
• Eurofins Technologies
• GlutenTox Home
• Romer Labs
• NanoRepro AG
• R-Biopharm AG
• ELISA Technologies, Inc.

Contents

1 INTRODUCTION TO RESEARCH & ANALYSIS REPORTS

1.1 Gluten Testers Market Definition
1.2 Market Segments
  1.2.1 Market by Type
  1.2.2 Market by Application
1.3 Global Gluten Testers Market Overview
1.4 Features & Benefits of This Report
1.5 Methodology & Sources of Information
  1.5.1 Research Methodology
  1.5.2 Research Process
  1.5.3 Base Year
  1.5.4 Report Assumptions & Caveats

2 GLOBAL GLUTEN TESTERS OVERALL MARKET SIZE

2.1 Global Gluten Testers Market Size: 2021 VS 2028
2.2 Global Gluten Testers Revenue, Prospects & Forecasts: 2017-2028
2.3 Global Gluten Testers Sales: 2017-2028

3 COMPANY LANDSCAPE

3.1 Top Gluten Testers Players in Global Market
3.2 Top Global Gluten Testers Companies Ranked by Revenue
3.3 Global Gluten Testers Revenue by Companies
3.4 Global Gluten Testers Sales by Companies
3.5 Global Gluten Testers Price by Manufacturer (2017-2022)
3.6 Top 3 and Top 5 Gluten Testers Companies in Global Market, by Revenue in 2021
3.7 Global Manufacturers Gluten Testers Product Type
3.8 Tier 1, Tier 2 and Tier 3 Gluten Testers Players in Global Market
  3.8.1 List of Global Tier 1 Gluten Testers Companies
  3.8.2 List of Global Tier 2 and Tier 3 Gluten Testers Companies

4 SIGHTS BY PRODUCT

4.1 Overview
  4.1.1 By Type - Global Gluten Testers Market Size Markets, 2021 & 2028
  4.1.2 Gluten Sensor
  4.1.3 Gluten Test Kits
4.2 By Type - Global Gluten Testers Revenue & Forecasts
  4.2.1 By Type - Global Gluten Testers Revenue, 2017-2022
  4.2.2 By Type - Global Gluten Testers Revenue, 2023-2028
  4.2.3 By Type - Global Gluten Testers Revenue Market Share, 2017-2028
4.3 By Type - Global Gluten Testers Sales & Forecasts
  4.3.1 By Type - Global Gluten Testers Sales, 2017-2022
  4.3.2 By Type - Global Gluten Testers Sales, 2023-2028
  4.3.3 By Type - Global Gluten Testers Sales Market Share, 2017-2028
4.4 By Type - Global Gluten Testers Price (Manufacturers Selling Prices), 2017-2028

5 SIGHTS BY APPLICATION

5.1 Overview
  5.1.1 By Application - Global Gluten Testers Market Size, 2021 & 2028
  5.1.2 Catering Industry
  5.1.3 Medical Industry
  5.1.4 Home
5.2 By Application - Global Gluten Testers Revenue & Forecasts
  5.2.1 By Application - Global Gluten Testers Revenue, 2017-2022
  5.2.2 By Application - Global Gluten Testers Revenue, 2023-2028
  5.2.3 By Application - Global Gluten Testers Revenue Market Share, 2017-2028
5.3 By Application - Global Gluten Testers Sales & Forecasts
  5.3.1 By Application - Global Gluten Testers Sales, 2017-2022
  5.3.2 By Application - Global Gluten Testers Sales, 2023-2028
  5.3.3 By Application - Global Gluten Testers Sales Market Share, 2017-2028
5.4 By Application - Global Gluten Testers Price (Manufacturers Selling Prices), 2017-2028

6 SIGHTS BY REGION

6.1 By Region - Global Gluten Testers Market Size, 2021 & 2028
6.2 By Region - Global Gluten Testers Revenue & Forecasts
  6.2.1 By Region - Global Gluten Testers Revenue, 2017-2022
  6.2.2 By Region - Global Gluten Testers Revenue, 2023-2028
  6.2.3 By Region - Global Gluten Testers Revenue Market Share, 2017-2028
6.3 By Region - Global Gluten Testers Sales & Forecasts
  6.3.1 By Region - Global Gluten Testers Sales, 2017-2022
  6.3.2 By Region - Global Gluten Testers Sales, 2023-2028
  6.3.3 By Region - Global Gluten Testers Sales Market Share, 2017-2028
6.4 North America
  6.4.1 By Country - North America Gluten Testers Revenue, 2017-2028
  6.4.2 By Country - North America Gluten Testers Sales, 2017-2028
  6.4.3 US Gluten Testers Market Size, 2017-2028
  6.4.4 Canada Gluten Testers Market Size, 2017-2028
  6.4.5 Mexico Gluten Testers Market Size, 2017-2028
6.5 Europe
  6.5.1 By Country - Europe Gluten Testers Revenue, 2017-2028
  6.5.2 By Country - Europe Gluten Testers Sales, 2017-2028
  6.5.3 Germany Gluten Testers Market Size, 2017-2028
  6.5.4 France Gluten Testers Market Size, 2017-2028
  6.5.5 U.K. Gluten Testers Market Size, 2017-2028
  6.5.6 Italy Gluten Testers Market Size, 2017-2028
  6.5.7 Russia Gluten Testers Market Size, 2017-2028
  6.5.8 Nordic Countries Gluten Testers Market Size, 2017-2028
  6.5.9 Benelux Gluten Testers Market Size, 2017-2028
6.6 Asia
  6.6.1 By Region - Asia Gluten Testers Revenue, 2017-2028
  6.6.2 By Region - Asia Gluten Testers Sales, 2017-2028
  6.6.3 China Gluten Testers Market Size, 2017-2028
  6.6.4 Japan Gluten Testers Market Size, 2017-2028
  6.6.5 South Korea Gluten Testers Market Size, 2017-2028
  6.6.6 Southeast Asia Gluten Testers Market Size, 2017-2028
  6.6.7 India Gluten Testers Market Size, 2017-2028
6.7 South America
  6.7.1 By Country - South America Gluten Testers Revenue, 2017-2028
  6.7.2 By Country - South America Gluten Testers Sales, 2017-2028
  6.7.3 Brazil Gluten Testers Market Size, 2017-2028
  6.7.4 Argentina Gluten Testers Market Size, 2017-2028
6.8 Middle East & Africa
  6.8.1 By Country - Middle East & Africa Gluten Testers Revenue, 2017-2028
  6.8.2 By Country - Middle East & Africa Gluten Testers Sales, 2017-2028
  6.8.3 Turkey Gluten Testers Market Size, 2017-2028
  6.8.4 Israel Gluten Testers Market Size, 2017-2028
  6.8.5 Saudi Arabia Gluten Testers Market Size, 2017-2028
  6.8.6 UAE Gluten Testers Market Size, 2017-2028

7 MANUFACTURERS & BRANDS PROFILES

7.1 Nima
  7.1.1 Nima Corporate Summary
  7.1.2 Nima Business Overview
  7.1.3 Nima Gluten Testers Major Product Offerings
  7.1.4 Nima Gluten Testers Sales and Revenue in Global (2017-2022)
  7.1.5 Nima Key News
7.2 EZ Gluten
  7.2.1 EZ Gluten Corporate Summary
  7.2.2 EZ Gluten Business Overview
  7.2.3 EZ Gluten Gluten Testers Major Product Offerings
  7.2.4 EZ Gluten Gluten Testers Sales and Revenue in Global (2017-2022)
  7.2.5 EZ Gluten Key News
7.3 Eurofins Technologies
  7.3.1 Eurofins Technologies Corporate Summary
  7.3.2 Eurofins Technologies Business Overview
  7.3.3 Eurofins Technologies Gluten Testers Major Product Offerings
  7.3.4 Eurofins Technologies Gluten Testers Sales and Revenue in Global (2017-2022)
  7.3.5 Eurofins Technologies Key News
7.4 GlutenTox Home
  7.4.1 GlutenTox Home Corporate Summary
  7.4.2 GlutenTox Home Business Overview
  7.4.3 GlutenTox Home Gluten Testers Major Product Offerings
  7.4.4 GlutenTox Home Gluten Testers Sales and Revenue in Global (2017-2022)
  7.4.5 GlutenTox Home Key News
7.5 Romer Labs
  7.5.1 Romer Labs Corporate Summary
  7.5.2 Romer Labs Business Overview
  7.5.3 Romer Labs Gluten Testers Major Product Offerings
  7.5.4 Romer Labs Gluten Testers Sales and Revenue in Global (2017-2022)
  7.5.5 Romer Labs Key News
7.6 NanoRepro AG
  7.6.1 NanoRepro AG Corporate Summary
  7.6.2 NanoRepro AG Business Overview
  7.6.3 NanoRepro AG Gluten Testers Major Product Offerings
  7.6.4 NanoRepro AG Gluten Testers Sales and Revenue in Global (2017-2022)
  7.6.5 NanoRepro AG Key News
7.7 R-Biopharm AG
  7.7.1 R-Biopharm AG Corporate Summary
  7.7.2 R-Biopharm AG Business Overview
  7.7.3 R-Biopharm AG Gluten Testers Major Product Offerings
  7.7.4 R-Biopharm AG Gluten Testers Sales and Revenue in Global (2017-2022)
  7.7.5 R-Biopharm AG Key News
7.8 ELISA Technologies, Inc.
  7.8.1 ELISA Technologies, Inc. Corporate Summary
  7.8.2 ELISA Technologies, Inc. Business Overview
  7.8.3 ELISA Technologies, Inc. Gluten Testers Major Product Offerings
  7.8.4 ELISA Technologies, Inc. Gluten Testers Sales and Revenue in Global (2017-2022)
  7.8.5 ELISA Technologies, Inc. Key News

8 GLOBAL GLUTEN TESTERS PRODUCTION CAPACITY, ANALYSIS

8.1 Global Gluten Testers Production Capacity, 2017-2028
8.2 Gluten Testers Production Capacity of Key Manufacturers in Global Market
8.3 Global Gluten Testers Production by Region

9 KEY MARKET TRENDS, OPPORTUNITY, DRIVERS AND RESTRAINTS

9.1 Market Opportunities & Trends
9.2 Market Drivers
9.3 Market Restraints

10 GLUTEN TESTERS SUPPLY CHAIN ANALYSIS

10.1 Gluten Testers Industry Value Chain
10.2 Gluten Testers Upstream Market
10.3 Gluten Testers Downstream and Clients
10.4 Marketing Channels Analysis
  10.4.1 Marketing Channels
  10.4.2 Gluten Testers Distributors and Sales Agents in Global

11 CONCLUSION

12 APPENDIX

12.1 Note
12.2 Examples of Clients
12.3 Disclaimer

List Of Tables

LIST OF TABLES

Table 1. Key Players of Gluten Testers in Global Market
Table 2. Top Gluten Testers Players in Global Market, Ranking by Revenue (2021)
Table 3. Global Gluten Testers Revenue by Companies, (US$, Mn), 2017-2022
Table 4. Global Gluten Testers Revenue Share by Companies, 2017-2022
Table 5. Global Gluten Testers Sales by Companies, (K Units), 2017-2022
Table 6. Global Gluten Testers Sales Share by Companies, 2017-2022
Table 7. Key Manufacturers Gluten Testers Price (2017-2022) & (US$/Unit)
Table 8. Global Manufacturers Gluten Testers Product Type
Table 9. List of Global Tier 1 Gluten Testers Companies, Revenue (US$, Mn) in 2021 and Market Share
Table 10. List of Global Tier 2 and Tier 3 Gluten Testers Companies, Revenue (US$, Mn) in 2021 and Market Share
Table 11. By Type – Global Gluten Testers Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2021 & 2028
Table 12. By Type - Global Gluten Testers Revenue (US$, Mn), 2017-2022
Table 13. By Type - Global Gluten Testers Revenue (US$, Mn), 2023-2028
Table 14. By Type - Global Gluten Testers Sales (K Units), 2017-2022
Table 15. By Type - Global Gluten Testers Sales (K Units), 2023-2028
Table 16. By Application – Global Gluten Testers Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2021 & 2028
Table 17. By Application - Global Gluten Testers Revenue (US$, Mn), 2017-2022
Table 18. By Application - Global Gluten Testers Revenue (US$, Mn), 2023-2028
Table 19. By Application - Global Gluten Testers Sales (K Units), 2017-2022
Table 20. By Application - Global Gluten Testers Sales (K Units), 2023-2028
Table 21. By Region – Global Gluten Testers Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2021 VS 2028
Table 22. By Region - Global Gluten Testers Revenue (US$, Mn), 2017-2022
Table 23. By Region - Global Gluten Testers Revenue (US$, Mn), 2023-2028
Table 24. By Region - Global Gluten Testers Sales (K Units), 2017-2022
Table 25. By Region - Global Gluten Testers Sales (K Units), 2023-2028
Table 26. By Country - North America Gluten Testers Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2017-2022
Table 27. By Country - North America Gluten Testers Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2023-2028
Table 28. By Country - North America Gluten Testers Sales, (K Units), 2017-2022
Table 29. By Country - North America Gluten Testers Sales, (K Units), 2023-2028
Table 30. By Country - Europe Gluten Testers Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2017-2022
Table 31. By Country - Europe Gluten Testers Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2023-2028
Table 32. By Country - Europe Gluten Testers Sales, (K Units), 2017-2022
Table 33. By Country - Europe Gluten Testers Sales, (K Units), 2023-2028
Table 34. By Region - Asia Gluten Testers Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2017-2022
Table 35. By Region - Asia Gluten Testers Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2023-2028
Table 36. By Region - Asia Gluten Testers Sales, (K Units), 2017-2022
Table 37. By Region - Asia Gluten Testers Sales, (K Units), 2023-2028
Table 38. By Country - South America Gluten Testers Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2017-2022
Table 39. By Country - South America Gluten Testers Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2023-2028
Table 40. By Country - South America Gluten Testers Sales, (K Units), 2017-2022
Table 41. By Country - South America Gluten Testers Sales, (K Units), 2023-2028
Table 42. By Country - Middle East & Africa Gluten Testers Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2017-2022
Table 43. By Country - Middle East & Africa Gluten Testers Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2023-2028
Table 44. By Country - Middle East & Africa Gluten Testers Sales, (K Units), 2017-2022
Table 45. By Country - Middle East & Africa Gluten Testers Sales, (K Units), 2023-2028
Table 46. Nima Corporate Summary
Table 47. Nima Gluten Testers Product Offerings
Table 48. Nima Gluten Testers Sales (K Units), Revenue (US$, Mn) and Average Price (US$/Unit) (2017-2022)
Table 49. EZ Gluten Corporate Summary
Table 50. EZ Gluten Gluten Testers Product Offerings
Table 51. EZ Gluten Gluten Testers Sales (K Units), Revenue (US$, Mn) and Average Price (US$/Unit) (2017-2022)
Table 52. Eurofins Technologies Corporate Summary
Table 53. Eurofins Technologies Gluten Testers Product Offerings
Table 54. Eurofins Technologies Gluten Testers Sales (K Units), Revenue (US$, Mn) and Average Price (US$/Unit) (2017-2022)
Table 55. GlutenTox Home Corporate Summary
Table 56. GlutenTox Home Gluten Testers Product Offerings
Table 57. GlutenTox Home Gluten Testers Sales (K Units), Revenue (US$, Mn) and Average Price (US$/Unit) (2017-2022)
Table 58. Romer Labs Corporate Summary
Table 59. Romer Labs Gluten Testers Product Offerings
Table 60. Romer Labs Gluten Testers Sales (K Units), Revenue (US$, Mn) and Average Price (US$/Unit) (2017-2022)
Table 61. NanoRepro AG Corporate Summary
Table 62. NanoRepro AG Gluten Testers Product Offerings
Table 63. NanoRepro AG Gluten Testers Sales (K Units), Revenue (US$, Mn) and Average Price (US$/Unit) (2017-2022)
Table 64. R-Biopharm AG Corporate Summary
Table 65. R-Biopharm AG Gluten Testers Product Offerings
Table 66. R-Biopharm AG Gluten Testers Sales (K Units), Revenue (US$, Mn) and Average Price (US$/Unit) (2017-2022)
Table 67. ELISA Technologies, Inc. Corporate Summary
Table 68. ELISA Technologies, Inc. Gluten Testers Product Offerings
Table 69. ELISA Technologies, Inc. Gluten Testers Sales (K Units), Revenue (US$, Mn) and Average Price (US$/Unit) (2017-2022)
Table 70. Gluten Testers Production Capacity (K Units) of Key Manufacturers in Global Market, 2020-2022 (K Units)
Table 71. Global Gluten Testers Capacity Market Share of Key Manufacturers, 2020-2022
Table 72. Global Gluten Testers Production by Region, 2017-2022 (K Units)
Table 73. Global Gluten Testers Production by Region, 2023-2028 (K Units)
Table 74. Gluten Testers Market Opportunities & Trends in Global Market
Table 75. Gluten Testers Market Drivers in Global Market
Table 76. Gluten Testers Market Restraints in Global Market
Table 77. Gluten Testers Raw Materials
Table 78. Gluten Testers Raw Materials Suppliers in Global Market
Table 79. Typical Gluten Testers Downstream
Table 80. Gluten Testers Downstream Clients in Global Market
Table 81. Gluten Testers Distributors and Sales Agents in Global Market

List Of Figures

LIST OF FIGURES

Figure 1. Gluten Testers Segment by Type
Figure 2. Gluten Testers Segment by Application
Figure 3. Global Gluten Testers Market Overview: 2021
Figure 4. Key Caveats
Figure 5. Global Gluten Testers Market Size: 2021 VS 2028 (US$, Mn)
Figure 6. Global Gluten Testers Revenue, 2017-2028 (US$, Mn)
Figure 7. Gluten Testers Sales in Global Market: 2017-2028 (K Units)
Figure 8. The Top 3 and 5 Players Market Share by Gluten Testers Revenue in 2021
Figure 9. By Type - Global Gluten Testers Sales Market Share, 2017-2028
Figure 10. By Type - Global Gluten Testers Revenue Market Share, 2017-2028
Figure 11. By Type - Global Gluten Testers Price (US$/Unit), 2017-2028
Figure 12. By Application - Global Gluten Testers Sales Market Share, 2017-2028
Figure 13. By Application - Global Gluten Testers Revenue Market Share, 2017-2028
Figure 14. By Application - Global Gluten Testers Price (US$/Unit), 2017-2028
Figure 15. By Region - Global Gluten Testers Sales Market Share, 2017-2028
Figure 16. By Region - Global Gluten Testers Revenue Market Share, 2017-2028
Figure 17. By Country - North America Gluten Testers Revenue Market Share, 2017-2028
Figure 18. By Country - North America Gluten Testers Sales Market Share, 2017-2028
Figure 19. US Gluten Testers Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2017-2028
Figure 20. Canada Gluten Testers Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2017-2028
Figure 21. Mexico Gluten Testers Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2017-2028
Figure 22. By Country - Europe Gluten Testers Revenue Market Share, 2017-2028
Figure 23. By Country - Europe Gluten Testers Sales Market Share, 2017-2028
Figure 24. Germany Gluten Testers Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2017-2028
Figure 25. France Gluten Testers Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2017-2028
Figure 26. U.K. Gluten Testers Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2017-2028
Figure 27. Italy Gluten Testers Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2017-2028
Figure 28. Russia Gluten Testers Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2017-2028
Figure 29. Nordic Countries Gluten Testers Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2017-2028
Figure 30. Benelux Gluten Testers Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2017-2028
Figure 31. By Region - Asia Gluten Testers Revenue Market Share, 2017-2028
Figure 32. By Region - Asia Gluten Testers Sales Market Share, 2017-2028
Figure 33. China Gluten Testers Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2017-2028
Figure 34. Japan Gluten Testers Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2017-2028
Figure 35. South Korea Gluten Testers Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2017-2028
Figure 36. Southeast Asia Gluten Testers Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2017-2028
Figure 37. India Gluten Testers Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2017-2028
Figure 38. By Country - South America Gluten Testers Revenue Market Share, 2017-2028
Figure 39. By Country - South America Gluten Testers Sales Market Share, 2017-2028
Figure 40. Brazil Gluten Testers Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2017-2028
Figure 41. Argentina Gluten Testers Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2017-2028
Figure 42. By Country - Middle East & Africa Gluten Testers Revenue Market Share, 2017-2028
Figure 43. By Country - Middle East & Africa Gluten Testers Sales Market Share, 2017-2028
Figure 44. Turkey Gluten Testers Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2017-2028
Figure 45. Israel Gluten Testers Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2017-2028
Figure 46. Saudi Arabia Gluten Testers Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2017-2028
Figure 47. UAE Gluten Testers Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2017-2028
Figure 48. Global Gluten Testers Production Capacity (K Units), 2017-2028
Figure 49. The Percentage of Production Gluten Testers by Region, 2021 VS 2028
Figure 50. Gluten Testers Industry Value Chain
Figure 51. Marketing Channels