2023-2028 Global and Regional Writing Instruments Industry Status and Prospects Professional Market Research Report Standard Version

June 2023 | 142 pages | ID: 22C5BB7FD849EN
HNY RESEARCH

Abstracts

The global Writing Instruments market is expected to reach US$ XX Million by 2028, with a CAGR of XX% from 2023 to 2028, based on HNY Research newly published report.
The prime objective of this report is to provide the insights on the post COVID-19 impact which will help market players in this field evaluate their business approaches. Also, this report covers market segmentation by major market verdors, types, applications/end users and geography(North America, East Asia, Europe, South Asia, Southeast Asia, Middle East, Africa, Oceania, South America).

By Market Verdors:
Faber-Castell
Camlin
Mitsubishi Pencil
Crayols
Societe BIC
Pilot Corporation
STABILO International
Hindustan Pencils (Natraj)
Reynolds
Shanghai M&G Stationary
Newell Rubbermaid

By Types:
Pencil
Pen
Coloring Instrument
Highlighter
Marker
Writing Accessories

By Applications:
Students
Professional
Institutions
Others

Key Indicators Analysed
Market Players & Competitor Analysis: The report covers the key players of the industry including Company Profile, Product Specifications, Production Capacity/Sales, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin 2017-2028 & Sales with a thorough analysis of the market’s competitive landscape and detailed information on vendors and comprehensive details of factors that will challenge the growth of major market vendors.
Global and Regional Market Analysis: The report includes Global & Regional market status and outlook 2017-2028. Further the report provides break down details about each region & countries covered in the report. Identifying its sales, sales volume & revenue forecast. With detailed analysis by types and applications.
Market Trends: Market key trends which include Increased Competition and Continuous Innovations.
Opportunities and Drivers: Identifying the Growing Demands and New Technology
Porters Five Force Analysis: The report provides with the state of competition in industry depending on five basic forces: threat of new entrants, bargaining power of suppliers, bargaining power of buyers, threat of substitute products or services, and existing industry rivalry.

Key Reasons to Purchase
To gain insightful analyses of the market and have comprehensive understanding of the global market and its commercial landscape.
Assess the production processes, major issues, and solutions to mitigate the development risk.
To understand the most affecting driving and restraining forces in the market and its impact in the global market.
Learn about the market strategies that are being adopted by leading respective organizations.
To understand the future outlook and prospects for the market.
Besides the standard structure reports, we also provide custom research according to specific requirements.

Contents

CHAPTER 1 INDUSTRY OVERVIEW

1.1 Definition
1.2 Assumptions
1.3 Research Scope
1.4 Market Analysis by Regions
  1.4.1 North America Market States and Outlook (2023-2028)
  1.4.2 East Asia Market States and Outlook (2023-2028)
  1.4.3 Europe Market States and Outlook (2023-2028)
  1.4.4 South Asia Market States and Outlook (2023-2028)
  1.4.5 Southeast Asia Market States and Outlook (2023-2028)
  1.4.6 Middle East Market States and Outlook (2023-2028)
  1.4.7 Africa Market States and Outlook (2023-2028)
  1.4.8 Oceania Market States and Outlook (2023-2028)
  1.4.9 South America Market States and Outlook (2023-2028)
1.5 Global Writing Instruments Market Size Analysis from 2023 to 2028
  1.5.1 Global Writing Instruments Market Size Analysis from 2023 to 2028 by Consumption Volume
  1.5.2 Global Writing Instruments Market Size Analysis from 2023 to 2028 by Value
  1.5.3 Global Writing Instruments Price Trends Analysis from 2023 to 2028
1.6 COVID-19 Outbreak: Writing Instruments Industry Impact

CHAPTER 2 GLOBAL WRITING INSTRUMENTS COMPETITION BY TYPES, APPLICATIONS, AND TOP REGIONS AND COUNTRIES

2.1 Global Writing Instruments (Volume and Value) by Type
  2.1.1 Global Writing Instruments Consumption and Market Share by Type (2017-2022)
  2.1.2 Global Writing Instruments Revenue and Market Share by Type (2017-2022)
2.2 Global Writing Instruments (Volume and Value) by Application
  2.2.1 Global Writing Instruments Consumption and Market Share by Application (2017-2022)
  2.2.2 Global Writing Instruments Revenue and Market Share by Application (2017-2022)
2.3 Global Writing Instruments (Volume and Value) by Regions
  2.3.1 Global Writing Instruments Consumption and Market Share by Regions (2017-2022)
  2.3.2 Global Writing Instruments Revenue and Market Share by Regions (2017-2022)

CHAPTER 3 PRODUCTION MARKET ANALYSIS

3.1 Global Production Market Analysis
  3.1.1 2017-2022 Global Capacity, Production, Capacity Utilization Rate, Ex-Factory Price, Revenue, Cost, Gross and Gross Margin Analysis
  3.1.2 2017-2022 Major Manufacturers Performance and Market Share
3.2 Regional Production Market Analysis
  3.2.1 2017-2022 Regional Market Performance and Market Share
  3.2.2 North America Market
  3.2.3 East Asia Market
  3.2.4 Europe Market
  3.2.5 South Asia Market
  3.2.6 Southeast Asia Market
  3.2.7 Middle East Market
  3.2.8 Africa Market
  3.2.9 Oceania Market
  3.2.10 South America Market
  3.2.11 Rest of the World Market

CHAPTER 4 GLOBAL WRITING INSTRUMENTS SALES, CONSUMPTION, EXPORT, IMPORT BY REGIONS (2017-2022)

4.1 Global Writing Instruments Consumption by Regions (2017-2022)
4.2 North America Writing Instruments Sales, Consumption, Export, Import (2017-2022)
4.3 East Asia Writing Instruments Sales, Consumption, Export, Import (2017-2022)
4.4 Europe Writing Instruments Sales, Consumption, Export, Import (2017-2022)
4.5 South Asia Writing Instruments Sales, Consumption, Export, Import (2017-2022)
4.6 Southeast Asia Writing Instruments Sales, Consumption, Export, Import (2017-2022)
4.7 Middle East Writing Instruments Sales, Consumption, Export, Import (2017-2022)
4.8 Africa Writing Instruments Sales, Consumption, Export, Import (2017-2022)
4.9 Oceania Writing Instruments Sales, Consumption, Export, Import (2017-2022)
4.10 South America Writing Instruments Sales, Consumption, Export, Import (2017-2022)

CHAPTER 5 NORTH AMERICA WRITING INSTRUMENTS MARKET ANALYSIS

5.1 North America Writing Instruments Consumption and Value Analysis
  5.1.1 North America Writing Instruments Market Under COVID-19
5.2 North America Writing Instruments Consumption Volume by Types
5.3 North America Writing Instruments Consumption Structure by Application
5.4 North America Writing Instruments Consumption by Top Countries
  5.4.1 United States Writing Instruments Consumption Volume from 2017 to 2022
  5.4.2 Canada Writing Instruments Consumption Volume from 2017 to 2022
  5.4.3 Mexico Writing Instruments Consumption Volume from 2017 to 2022

CHAPTER 6 EAST ASIA WRITING INSTRUMENTS MARKET ANALYSIS

6.1 East Asia Writing Instruments Consumption and Value Analysis
  6.1.1 East Asia Writing Instruments Market Under COVID-19
6.2 East Asia Writing Instruments Consumption Volume by Types
6.3 East Asia Writing Instruments Consumption Structure by Application
6.4 East Asia Writing Instruments Consumption by Top Countries
  6.4.1 China Writing Instruments Consumption Volume from 2017 to 2022
  6.4.2 Japan Writing Instruments Consumption Volume from 2017 to 2022
  6.4.3 South Korea Writing Instruments Consumption Volume from 2017 to 2022

CHAPTER 7 EUROPE WRITING INSTRUMENTS MARKET ANALYSIS

7.1 Europe Writing Instruments Consumption and Value Analysis
  7.1.1 Europe Writing Instruments Market Under COVID-19
7.2 Europe Writing Instruments Consumption Volume by Types
7.3 Europe Writing Instruments Consumption Structure by Application
7.4 Europe Writing Instruments Consumption by Top Countries
  7.4.1 Germany Writing Instruments Consumption Volume from 2017 to 2022
  7.4.2 UK Writing Instruments Consumption Volume from 2017 to 2022
  7.4.3 France Writing Instruments Consumption Volume from 2017 to 2022
  7.4.4 Italy Writing Instruments Consumption Volume from 2017 to 2022
  7.4.5 Russia Writing Instruments Consumption Volume from 2017 to 2022
  7.4.6 Spain Writing Instruments Consumption Volume from 2017 to 2022
  7.4.7 Netherlands Writing Instruments Consumption Volume from 2017 to 2022
  7.4.8 Switzerland Writing Instruments Consumption Volume from 2017 to 2022
  7.4.9 Poland Writing Instruments Consumption Volume from 2017 to 2022

CHAPTER 8 SOUTH ASIA WRITING INSTRUMENTS MARKET ANALYSIS

8.1 South Asia Writing Instruments Consumption and Value Analysis
  8.1.1 South Asia Writing Instruments Market Under COVID-19
8.2 South Asia Writing Instruments Consumption Volume by Types
8.3 South Asia Writing Instruments Consumption Structure by Application
8.4 South Asia Writing Instruments Consumption by Top Countries
  8.4.1 India Writing Instruments Consumption Volume from 2017 to 2022
  8.4.2 Pakistan Writing Instruments Consumption Volume from 2017 to 2022
  8.4.3 Bangladesh Writing Instruments Consumption Volume from 2017 to 2022

CHAPTER 9 SOUTHEAST ASIA WRITING INSTRUMENTS MARKET ANALYSIS

9.1 Southeast Asia Writing Instruments Consumption and Value Analysis
  9.1.1 Southeast Asia Writing Instruments Market Under COVID-19
9.2 Southeast Asia Writing Instruments Consumption Volume by Types
9.3 Southeast Asia Writing Instruments Consumption Structure by Application
9.4 Southeast Asia Writing Instruments Consumption by Top Countries
  9.4.1 Indonesia Writing Instruments Consumption Volume from 2017 to 2022
  9.4.2 Thailand Writing Instruments Consumption Volume from 2017 to 2022
  9.4.3 Singapore Writing Instruments Consumption Volume from 2017 to 2022
  9.4.4 Malaysia Writing Instruments Consumption Volume from 2017 to 2022
  9.4.5 Philippines Writing Instruments Consumption Volume from 2017 to 2022
  9.4.6 Vietnam Writing Instruments Consumption Volume from 2017 to 2022
  9.4.7 Myanmar Writing Instruments Consumption Volume from 2017 to 2022

CHAPTER 10 MIDDLE EAST WRITING INSTRUMENTS MARKET ANALYSIS

10.1 Middle East Writing Instruments Consumption and Value Analysis
  10.1.1 Middle East Writing Instruments Market Under COVID-19
10.2 Middle East Writing Instruments Consumption Volume by Types
10.3 Middle East Writing Instruments Consumption Structure by Application
10.4 Middle East Writing Instruments Consumption by Top Countries
  10.4.1 Turkey Writing Instruments Consumption Volume from 2017 to 2022
  10.4.2 Saudi Arabia Writing Instruments Consumption Volume from 2017 to 2022
  10.4.3 Iran Writing Instruments Consumption Volume from 2017 to 2022
  10.4.4 United Arab Emirates Writing Instruments Consumption Volume from 2017 to 2022
  10.4.5 Israel Writing Instruments Consumption Volume from 2017 to 2022
  10.4.6 Iraq Writing Instruments Consumption Volume from 2017 to 2022
  10.4.7 Qatar Writing Instruments Consumption Volume from 2017 to 2022
  10.4.8 Kuwait Writing Instruments Consumption Volume from 2017 to 2022
  10.4.9 Oman Writing Instruments Consumption Volume from 2017 to 2022

CHAPTER 11 AFRICA WRITING INSTRUMENTS MARKET ANALYSIS

11.1 Africa Writing Instruments Consumption and Value Analysis
  11.1.1 Africa Writing Instruments Market Under COVID-19
11.2 Africa Writing Instruments Consumption Volume by Types
11.3 Africa Writing Instruments Consumption Structure by Application
11.4 Africa Writing Instruments Consumption by Top Countries
  11.4.1 Nigeria Writing Instruments Consumption Volume from 2017 to 2022
  11.4.2 South Africa Writing Instruments Consumption Volume from 2017 to 2022
  11.4.3 Egypt Writing Instruments Consumption Volume from 2017 to 2022
  11.4.4 Algeria Writing Instruments Consumption Volume from 2017 to 2022
  11.4.5 Morocco Writing Instruments Consumption Volume from 2017 to 2022

CHAPTER 12 OCEANIA WRITING INSTRUMENTS MARKET ANALYSIS

12.1 Oceania Writing Instruments Consumption and Value Analysis
12.2 Oceania Writing Instruments Consumption Volume by Types
12.3 Oceania Writing Instruments Consumption Structure by Application
12.4 Oceania Writing Instruments Consumption by Top Countries
  12.4.1 Australia Writing Instruments Consumption Volume from 2017 to 2022
  12.4.2 New Zealand Writing Instruments Consumption Volume from 2017 to 2022

CHAPTER 13 SOUTH AMERICA WRITING INSTRUMENTS MARKET ANALYSIS

13.1 South America Writing Instruments Consumption and Value Analysis
  13.1.1 South America Writing Instruments Market Under COVID-19
13.2 South America Writing Instruments Consumption Volume by Types
13.3 South America Writing Instruments Consumption Structure by Application
13.4 South America Writing Instruments Consumption Volume by Major Countries
  13.4.1 Brazil Writing Instruments Consumption Volume from 2017 to 2022
  13.4.2 Argentina Writing Instruments Consumption Volume from 2017 to 2022
  13.4.3 Columbia Writing Instruments Consumption Volume from 2017 to 2022
  13.4.4 Chile Writing Instruments Consumption Volume from 2017 to 2022
  13.4.5 Venezuela Writing Instruments Consumption Volume from 2017 to 2022
  13.4.6 Peru Writing Instruments Consumption Volume from 2017 to 2022
  13.4.7 Puerto Rico Writing Instruments Consumption Volume from 2017 to 2022
  13.4.8 Ecuador Writing Instruments Consumption Volume from 2017 to 2022

CHAPTER 14 COMPANY PROFILES AND KEY FIGURES IN WRITING INSTRUMENTS BUSINESS

14.1 Faber-Castell
  14.1.1 Faber-Castell Company Profile
  14.1.2 Faber-Castell Writing Instruments Product Specification
  14.1.3 Faber-Castell Writing Instruments Production Capacity, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2017-2022)
14.2 Camlin
  14.2.1 Camlin Company Profile
  14.2.2 Camlin Writing Instruments Product Specification
  14.2.3 Camlin Writing Instruments Production Capacity, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2017-2022)
14.3 Mitsubishi Pencil
  14.3.1 Mitsubishi Pencil Company Profile
  14.3.2 Mitsubishi Pencil Writing Instruments Product Specification
  14.3.3 Mitsubishi Pencil Writing Instruments Production Capacity, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2017-2022)
14.4 Crayols
  14.4.1 Crayols Company Profile
  14.4.2 Crayols Writing Instruments Product Specification
  14.4.3 Crayols Writing Instruments Production Capacity, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2017-2022)
14.5 Societe BIC
  14.5.1 Societe BIC Company Profile
  14.5.2 Societe BIC Writing Instruments Product Specification
  14.5.3 Societe BIC Writing Instruments Production Capacity, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2017-2022)
14.6 Pilot Corporation
  14.6.1 Pilot Corporation Company Profile
  14.6.2 Pilot Corporation Writing Instruments Product Specification
  14.6.3 Pilot Corporation Writing Instruments Production Capacity, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2017-2022)
14.7 STABILO International
  14.7.1 STABILO International Company Profile
  14.7.2 STABILO International Writing Instruments Product Specification
  14.7.3 STABILO International Writing Instruments Production Capacity, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2017-2022)
14.8 Hindustan Pencils (Natraj)
  14.8.1 Hindustan Pencils (Natraj) Company Profile
  14.8.2 Hindustan Pencils (Natraj) Writing Instruments Product Specification
  14.8.3 Hindustan Pencils (Natraj) Writing Instruments Production Capacity, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2017-2022)
14.9 Reynolds
  14.9.1 Reynolds Company Profile
  14.9.2 Reynolds Writing Instruments Product Specification
  14.9.3 Reynolds Writing Instruments Production Capacity, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2017-2022)
14.10 Shanghai M&G Stationary
  14.10.1 Shanghai M&G Stationary Company Profile
  14.10.2 Shanghai M&G Stationary Writing Instruments Product Specification
  14.10.3 Shanghai M&G Stationary Writing Instruments Production Capacity, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2017-2022)
14.11 Newell Rubbermaid
  14.11.1 Newell Rubbermaid Company Profile
  14.11.2 Newell Rubbermaid Writing Instruments Product Specification
  14.11.3 Newell Rubbermaid Writing Instruments Production Capacity, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2017-2022)

CHAPTER 15 GLOBAL WRITING INSTRUMENTS MARKET FORECAST (2023-2028)

15.1 Global Writing Instruments Consumption Volume, Revenue and Price Forecast (2023-2028)
  15.1.1 Global Writing Instruments Consumption Volume and Growth Rate Forecast (2023-2028)
  15.1.2 Global Writing Instruments Value and Growth Rate Forecast (2023-2028)
15.2 Global Writing Instruments Consumption Volume, Value and Growth Rate Forecast by Region (2023-2028)
  15.2.1 Global Writing Instruments Consumption Volume and Growth Rate Forecast by Regions (2023-2028)
  15.2.2 Global Writing Instruments Value and Growth Rate Forecast by Regions (2023-2028)
  15.2.3 North America Writing Instruments Consumption Volume, Revenue and Growth Rate Forecast (2023-2028)
  15.2.4 East Asia Writing Instruments Consumption Volume, Revenue and Growth Rate Forecast (2023-2028)
  15.2.5 Europe Writing Instruments Consumption Volume, Revenue and Growth Rate Forecast (2023-2028)
  15.2.6 South Asia Writing Instruments Consumption Volume, Revenue and Growth Rate Forecast (2023-2028)
  15.2.7 Southeast Asia Writing Instruments Consumption Volume, Revenue and Growth Rate Forecast (2023-2028)
  15.2.8 Middle East Writing Instruments Consumption Volume, Revenue and Growth Rate Forecast (2023-2028)
  15.2.9 Africa Writing Instruments Consumption Volume, Revenue and Growth Rate Forecast (2023-2028)
  15.2.10 Oceania Writing Instruments Consumption Volume, Revenue and Growth Rate Forecast (2023-2028)
  15.2.11 South America Writing Instruments Consumption Volume, Revenue and Growth Rate Forecast (2023-2028)
15.3 Global Writing Instruments Consumption Volume, Revenue and Price Forecast by Type (2023-2028)
  15.3.1 Global Writing Instruments Consumption Forecast by Type (2023-2028)
  15.3.2 Global Writing Instruments Revenue Forecast by Type (2023-2028)
  15.3.3 Global Writing Instruments Price Forecast by Type (2023-2028)
15.4 Global Writing Instruments Consumption Volume Forecast by Application (2023-2028)
15.5 Writing Instruments Market Forecast Under COVID-19

CHAPTER 16 CONCLUSIONS

Research Methodology

List Of Tables

LIST OF TABLES AND FIGURES
Figure Product Picture
Figure North America Writing Instruments Revenue ($) and Growth Rate (2023-2028)
Figure United States Writing Instruments Revenue ($) and Growth Rate (2023-2028)
Figure Canada Writing Instruments Revenue ($) and Growth Rate (2023-2028)
Figure Mexico Writing Instruments Revenue ($) and Growth Rate (2023-2028)
Figure East Asia Writing Instruments Revenue ($) and Growth Rate (2023-2028)
Figure China Writing Instruments Revenue ($) and Growth Rate (2023-2028)
Figure Japan Writing Instruments Revenue ($) and Growth Rate (2023-2028)
Figure South Korea Writing Instruments Revenue ($) and Growth Rate (2023-2028)
Figure Europe Writing Instruments Revenue ($) and Growth Rate (2023-2028)
Figure Germany Writing Instruments Revenue ($) and Growth Rate (2023-2028)
Figure UK Writing Instruments Revenue ($) and Growth Rate (2023-2028)
Figure France Writing Instruments Revenue ($) and Growth Rate (2023-2028)
Figure Italy Writing Instruments Revenue ($) and Growth Rate (2023-2028)
Figure Russia Writing Instruments Revenue ($) and Growth Rate (2023-2028)
Figure Spain Writing Instruments Revenue ($) and Growth Rate (2023-2028)
Figure Netherlands Writing Instruments Revenue ($) and Growth Rate (2023-2028)
Figure Switzerland Writing Instruments Revenue ($) and Growth Rate (2023-2028)
Figure Poland Writing Instruments Revenue ($) and Growth Rate (2023-2028)
Figure South Asia Writing Instruments Revenue ($) and Growth Rate (2023-2028)
Figure India Writing Instruments Revenue ($) and Growth Rate (2023-2028)
Figure Pakistan Writing Instruments Revenue ($) and Growth Rate (2023-2028)
Figure Bangladesh Writing Instruments Revenue ($) and Growth Rate (2023-2028)
Figure Southeast Asia Writing Instruments Revenue ($) and Growth Rate (2023-2028)
Figure Indonesia Writing Instruments Revenue ($) and Growth Rate (2023-2028)
Figure Thailand Writing Instruments Revenue ($) and Growth Rate (2023-2028)
Figure Singapore Writing Instruments Revenue ($) and Growth Rate (2023-2028)
Figure Malaysia Writing Instruments Revenue ($) and Growth Rate (2023-2028)
Figure Philippines Writing Instruments Revenue ($) and Growth Rate (2023-2028)
Figure Vietnam Writing Instruments Revenue ($) and Growth Rate (2023-2028)
Figure Myanmar Writing Instruments Revenue ($) and Growth Rate (2023-2028)
Figure Middle East Writing Instruments Revenue ($) and Growth Rate (2023-2028)
Figure Turkey Writing Instruments Revenue ($) and Growth Rate (2023-2028)
Figure Saudi Arabia Writing Instruments Revenue ($) and Growth Rate (2023-2028)
Figure Iran Writing Instruments Revenue ($) and Growth Rate (2023-2028)
Figure United Arab Emirates Writing Instruments Revenue ($) and Growth Rate (2023-2028)
Figure Israel Writing Instruments Revenue ($) and Growth Rate (2023-2028)
Figure Iraq Writing Instruments Revenue ($) and Growth Rate (2023-2028)
Figure Qatar Writing Instruments Revenue ($) and Growth Rate (2023-2028)
Figure Kuwait Writing Instruments Revenue ($) and Growth Rate (2023-2028)
Figure Oman Writing Instruments Revenue ($) and Growth Rate (2023-2028)
Figure Africa Writing Instruments Revenue ($) and Growth Rate (2023-2028)
Figure Nigeria Writing Instruments Revenue ($) and Growth Rate (2023-2028)
Figure South Africa Writing Instruments Revenue ($) and Growth Rate (2023-2028)
Figure Egypt Writing Instruments Revenue ($) and Growth Rate (2023-2028)
Figure Algeria Writing Instruments Revenue ($) and Growth Rate (2023-2028)
Figure Algeria Writing Instruments Revenue ($) and Growth Rate (2023-2028)
Figure Oceania Writing Instruments Revenue ($) and Growth Rate (2023-2028)
Figure Australia Writing Instruments Revenue ($) and Growth Rate (2023-2028)
Figure New Zealand Writing Instruments Revenue ($) and Growth Rate (2023-2028)
Figure South America Writing Instruments Revenue ($) and Growth Rate (2023-2028)
Figure Brazil Writing Instruments Revenue ($) and Growth Rate (2023-2028)
Figure Argentina Writing Instruments Revenue ($) and Growth Rate (2023-2028)
Figure Columbia Writing Instruments Revenue ($) and Growth Rate (2023-2028)
Figure Chile Writing Instruments Revenue ($) and Growth Rate (2023-2028)
Figure Venezuela Writing Instruments Revenue ($) and Growth Rate (2023-2028)
Figure Peru Writing Instruments Revenue ($) and Growth Rate (2023-2028)
Figure Puerto Rico Writing Instruments Revenue ($) and Growth Rate (2023-2028)
Figure Ecuador Writing Instruments Revenue ($) and Growth Rate (2023-2028)
Figure Global Writing Instruments Market Size Analysis from 2023 to 2028 by Consumption Volume
Figure Global Writing Instruments Market Size Analysis from 2023 to 2028 by Value
Table Global Writing Instruments Price Trends Analysis from 2023 to 2028
Table Global Writing Instruments Consumption and Market Share by Type (2017-2022)
Table Global Writing Instruments Revenue and Market Share by Type (2017-2022)
Table Global Writing Instruments Consumption and Market Share by Application (2017-2022)
Table Global Writing Instruments Revenue and Market Share by Application (2017-2022)
Table Global Writing Instruments Consumption and Market Share by Regions (2017-2022)
Table Global Writing Instruments Revenue and Market Share by Regions (2017-2022)
Table 2017-2022 Capacity, Production, Capacity Utilization Rate, Ex-Factory Price, Revenue, Cost, Gross and Gross Margin
Figure 2017-2022 Capacity, Production and Growth Rate
Figure 2017-2022 Revenue, Gross Margin and Growth Rate
Table 2017-2022 Major Manufacturers Capacity and Total Capacity
Table 2017-2022 Major Manufacturers Capacity Market Share
Table 2017-2022 Major Manufacturers Production and Total Production
Table 2017-2022 Major Manufacturers Production Market Share
Table 2017-2022 Major Manufacturers Revenue and Total Revenue
Table 2017-2022 Major Manufacturers Revenue Market Share
Table 2017-2022 Regional Market Capacity and Market Share
Table 2017-2022 Regional Market Production and Market Share
Table 2017-2022 Regional Market Revenue and Market Share
Table 2017-2022 Capacity, Production, Capacity Utilization Rate, Ex-Factory Price, Revenue, Cost, Gross and Gross Margin
Figure 2017-2022 Capacity, Production and Growth Rate
Figure 2017-2022 Revenue, Gross Margin and Growth Rate
Table 2017-2022 Capacity, Production, Capacity Utilization Rate, Ex-Factory Price, Revenue, Cost, Gross and Gross Margin
Figure 2017-2022 Capacity, Production and Growth Rate
Figure 2017-2022 Revenue, Gross Margin and Growth Rate
Table 2017-2022 Capacity, Production, Capacity Utilization Rate, Ex-Factory Price, Revenue, Cost, Gross and Gross Margin
Figure 2017-2022 Capacity, Production and Growth Rate
Figure 2017-2022 Revenue, Gross Margin and Growth Rate
Table 2017-2022 Capacity, Production, Capacity Utilization Rate, Ex-Factory Price, Revenue, Cost, Gross and Gross Margin
Figure 2017-2022 Capacity, Production and Growth Rate
Figure 2017-2022 Revenue, Gross Margin and Growth Rate
Table 2017-2022 Capacity, Production, Capacity Utilization Rate, Ex-Factory Price, Revenue, Cost, Gross and Gross Margin
Figure 2017-2022 Capacity, Production and Growth Rate
Figure 2017-2022 Revenue, Gross Margin and Growth Rate
Table 2017-2022 Capacity, Production, Capacity Utilization Rate, Ex-Factory Price, Revenue, Cost, Gross and Gross Margin
Figure 2017-2022 Capacity, Production and Growth Rate
Figure 2017-2022 Revenue, Gross Margin and Growth Rate
Table 2017-2022 Capacity, Production, Capacity Utilization Rate, Ex-Factory Price, Revenue, Cost, Gross and Gross Margin
Figure 2017-2022 Capacity, Production and Growth Rate
Figure 2017-2022 Revenue, Gross Margin and Growth Rate
Table 2017-2022 Capacity, Production, Capacity Utilization Rate, Ex-Factory Price, Revenue, Cost, Gross and Gross Margin
Figure 2017-2022 Capacity, Production and Growth Rate
Figure 2017-2022 Revenue, Gross Margin and Growth Rate
Table 2017-2022 Capacity, Production, Capacity Utilization Rate, Ex-Factory Price, Revenue, Cost, Gross and Gross Margin
Figure 2017-2022 Capacity, Production and Growth Rate
Figure 2017-2022 Revenue, Gross Margin and Growth Rate
Table 2017-2022 Capacity, Production, Capacity Utilization Rate, Ex-Factory Price, Revenue, Cost, Gross and Gross Margin
Figure 2017-2022 Capacity, Production and Growth Rate
Figure 2017-2022 Revenue, Gross Margin and Growth Rate
Table Global Writing Instruments Consumption by Regions (2017-2022)
Figure Global Writing Instruments Consumption Share by Regions (2017-2022)
Table North America Writing Instruments Sales, Consumption, Export, Import (2017-2022)
Table East Asia Writing Instruments Sales, Consumption, Export, Import (2017-2022)
Table Europe Writing Instruments Sales, Consumption, Export, Import (2017-2022)
Table South Asia Writing Instruments Sales, Consumption, Export, Import (2017-2022)
Table Southeast Asia Writing Instruments Sales, Consumption, Export, Import (2017-2022)
Table Middle East Writing Instruments Sales, Consumption, Export, Import (2017-2022)
Table Africa Writing Instruments Sales, Consumption, Export, Import (2017-2022)
Table Oceania Writing Instruments Sales, Consumption, Export, Import (2017-2022)
Table South America Writing Instruments Sales, Consumption, Export, Import (2017-2022)
Figure North America Writing Instruments Consumption and Growth Rate (2017-2022)
Figure North America Writing Instruments Revenue and Growth Rate (2017-2022)
Table North America Writing Instruments Sales Price Analysis (2017-2022)
Table North America Writing Instruments Consumption Volume by Types
Table North America Writing Instruments Consumption Structure by Application
Table North America Writing Instruments Consumption by Top Countries
Figure United States Writing Instruments Consumption Volume from 2017 to 2022
Figure Canada Writing Instruments Consumption Volume from 2017 to 2022
Figure Mexico Writing Instruments Consumption Volume from 2017 to 2022
Figure East Asia Writing Instruments Consumption and Growth Rate (2017-2022)
Figure East Asia Writing Instruments Revenue and Growth Rate (2017-2022)
Table East Asia Writing Instruments Sales Price Analysis (2017-2022)
Table East Asia Writing Instruments Consumption Volume by Types
Table East Asia Writing Instruments Consumption Structure by Application
Table East Asia Writing Instruments Consumption by Top Countries
Figure China Writing Instruments Consumption Volume from 2017 to 2022
Figure Japan Writing Instruments Consumption Volume from 2017 to 2022
Figure South Korea Writing Instruments Consumption Volume from 2017 to 2022
Figure Europe Writing Instruments Consumption and Growth Rate (2017-2022)
Figure Europe Writing Instruments Revenue and Growth Rate (2017-2022)
Table Europe Writing Instruments Sales Price Analysis (2017-2022)
Table Europe Writing Instruments Consumption Volume by Types
Table Europe Writing Instruments Consumption Structure by Application
Table Europe Writing Instruments Consumption by Top Countries
Figure Germany Writing Instruments Consumption Volume from 2017 to 2022
Figure UK Writing Instruments Consumption Volume from 2017 to 2022
Figure France Writing Instruments Consumption Volume from 2017 to 2022
Figure Italy Writing Instruments Consumption Volume from 2017 to 2022
Figure Russia Writing Instruments Consumption Volume from 2017 to 2022
Figure Spain Writing Instruments Consumption Volume from 2017 to 2022
Figure Netherlands Writing Instruments Consumption Volume from 2017 to 2022
Figure Switzerland Writing Instruments Consumption Volume from 2017 to 2022
Figure Poland Writing Instruments Consumption Volume from 2017 to 2022
Figure South Asia Writing Instruments Consumption and Growth Rate (2017-2022)
Figure South Asia Writing Instruments Revenue and Growth Rate (2017-2022)
Table South Asia Writing Instruments Sales Price Analysis (2017-2022)
Table South Asia Writing Instruments Consumption Volume by Types
Table South Asia Writing Instruments Consumption Structure by Application
Table South Asia Writing Instruments Consumption by Top Countries
Figure India Writing Instruments Consumption Volume from 2017 to 2022
Figure Pakistan Writing Instruments Consumption Volume from 2017 to 2022
Figure Bangladesh Writing Instruments Consumption Volume from 2017 to 2022
Figure Southeast Asia Writing Instruments Consumption and Growth Rate (2017-2022)
Figure Southeast Asia Writing Instruments Revenue and Growth Rate (2017-2022)
Table Southeast Asia Writing Instruments Sales Price Analysis (2017-2022)
Table Southeast Asia Writing Instruments Consumption Volume by Types
Table Southeast Asia Writing Instruments Consumption Structure by Application
Table Southeast Asia Writing Instruments Consumption by Top Countries
Figure Indonesia Writing Instruments Consumption Volume from 2017 to 2022
Figure Thailand Writing Instruments Consumption Volume from 2017 to 2022
Figure Singapore Writing Instruments Consumption Volume from 2017 to 2022
Figure Malaysia Writing Instruments Consumption Volume from 2017 to 2022
Figure Philippines Writing Instruments Consumption Volume from 2017 to 2022
Figure Vietnam Writing Instruments Consumption Volume from 2017 to 2022
Figure Myanmar Writing Instruments Consumption Volume from 2017 to 2022
Figure Middle East Writing Instruments Consumption and Growth Rate (2017-2022)
Figure Middle East Writing Instruments Revenue and Growth Rate (2017-2022)
Table Middle East Writing Instruments Sales Price Analysis (2017-2022)
Table Middle East Writing Instruments Consumption Volume by Types
Table Middle East Writing Instruments Consumption Structure by Application
Table Middle East Writing Instruments Consumption by Top Countries
Figure Turkey Writing Instruments Consumption Volume from 2017 to 2022
Figure Saudi Arabia Writing Instruments Consumption Volume from 2017 to 2022
Figure Iran Writing Instruments Consumption Volume from 2017 to 2022
Figure United Arab Emirates Writing Instruments Consumption Volume from 2017 to 2022
Figure Israel Writing Instruments Consumption Volume from 2017 to 2022
Figure Iraq Writing Instruments Consumption Volume from 2017 to 2022
Figure Qatar Writing Instruments Consumption Volume from 2017 to 2022
Figure Kuwait Writing Instruments Consumption Volume from 2017 to 2022
Figure Oman Writing Instruments Consumption Volume from 2017 to 2022
Figure Africa Writing Instruments Consumption and Growth Rate (2017-2022)
Figure Africa Writing Instruments Revenue and Growth Rate (2017-2022)
Table Africa Writing Instruments Sales Price Analysis (2017-2022)
Table Africa Writing Instruments Consumption Volume by Types
Table Africa Writing Instruments Consumption Structure by Application
Table Africa Writing Instruments Consumption by Top Countries
Figure Nigeria Writing Instruments Consumption Volume from 2017 to 2022
Figure South Africa Writing Instruments Consumption Volume from 2017 to 2022
Figure Egypt Writing Instruments Consumption Volume from 2017 to 2022
Figure Algeria Writing Instruments Consumption Volume from 2017 to 2022
Figure Algeria Writing Instruments Consumption Volume from 2017 to 2022
Figure Oceania Writing Instruments Consumption and Growth Rate (2017-2022)
Figure Oceania Writing Instruments Revenue and Growth Rate (2017-2022)
Table Oceania Writing Instruments Sales Price Analysis (2017-2022)
Table Oceania Writing Instruments Consumption Volume by Types
Table Oceania Writing Instruments Consumption Structure by Application
Table Oceania Writing Instruments Consumption by Top Countries
Figure Australia Writing Instruments Consumption Volume from 2017 to 2022
Figure New Zealand Writing Instruments Consumption Volume from 2017 to 2022
Figure South America Writing Instruments Consumption and Growth Rate (2017-2022)
Figure South America Writing Instruments Revenue and Growth Rate (2017-2022)
Table South America Writing Instruments Sales Price Analysis (2017-2022)
Table South America Writing Instruments Consumption Volume by Types
Table South America Writing Instruments Consumption Structure by Application
Table South America Writing Instruments Consumption Volume by Major Countries
Figure Brazil Writing Instruments Consumption Volume from 2017 to 2022
Figure Argentina Writing Instruments Consumption Volume from 2017 to 2022
Figure Columbia Writing Instruments Consumption Volume from 2017 to 2022
Figure Chile Writing Instruments Consumption Volume from 2017 to 2022
Figure Venezuela Writing Instruments Consumption Volume from 2017 to 2022
Figure Peru Writing Instruments Consumption Volume from 2017 to 2022
Figure Puerto Rico Writing Instruments Consumption Volume from 2017 to 2022
Figure Ecuador Writing Instruments Consumption Volume from 2017 to 2022
Faber-Castell Writing Instruments Product Specification
Faber-Castell Writing Instruments Production Capacity, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2017-2022)
Camlin Writing Instruments Product Specification
Camlin Writing Instruments Production Capacity, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2017-2022)
Mitsubishi Pencil Writing Instruments Product Specification
Mitsubishi Pencil Writing Instruments Production Capacity, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2017-2022)
Crayols Writing Instruments Product Specification
Table Crayols Writing Instruments Production Capacity, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2017-2022)
Societe BIC Writing Instruments Product Specification
Societe BIC Writing Instruments Production Capacity, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2017-2022)
Pilot Corporation Writing Instruments Product Specification
Pilot Corporation Writing Instruments Production Capacity, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2017-2022)
STABILO International Writing Instruments Product Specification
STABILO International Writing Instruments Production Capacity, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2017-2022)
Hindustan Pencils (Natraj) Writing Instruments Product Specification
Hindustan Pencils (Natraj) Writing Instruments Production Capacity, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2017-2022)
Reynolds Writing Instruments Product Specification
Reynolds Writing Instruments Production Capacity, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2017-2022)
Shanghai M&G Stationary Writing Instruments Product Specification
Shanghai M&G Stationary Writing Instruments Production Capacity, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2017-2022)
Newell Rubbermaid Writing Instruments Product Specification
Newell Rubbermaid Writing Instruments Production Capacity, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2017-2022)
Figure Global Writing Instruments Consumption Volume and Growth Rate Forecast (2023-2028)
Figure Global Writing Instruments Value and Growth Rate Forecast (2023-2028)
Table Global Writing Instruments Consumption Volume Forecast by Regions (2023-2028)
Table Global Writing Instruments Value Forecast by Regions (2023-2028)
Figure North America Writing Instruments Consumption and Growth Rate Forecast (2023-2028)
Figure North America Writing Instruments Value and Growth Rate Forecast (2023-2028)
Figure United States Writing Instruments Consumption and Growth Rate Forecast (2023-2028)
Figure United States Writing Instruments Value and Growth Rate Forecast (2023-2028)
Figure Canada Writing Instruments Consumption and Growth Rate Forecast (2023-2028)
Figure Canada Writing Instruments Value and Growth Rate Forecast (2023-2028)
Figure Mexico Writing Instruments Consumption and Growth Rate Forecast (2023-2028)
Figure Mexico Writing Instruments Value and Growth Rate Forecast (2023-2028)
Figure East Asia Writing Instruments Consumption and Growth Rate Forecast (2023-2028)
Figure East Asia Writing Instruments Value and Growth Rate Forecast (2023-2028)
Figure China Writing Instruments Consumption and Growth Rate Forecast (2023-2028)
Figure China Writing Instruments Value and Growth Rate Forecast (2023-2028)
Figure Japan Writing Instruments Consumption and Growth Rate Forecast (2023-2028)
Figure Japan Writing Instruments Value and Growth Rate Forecast (2023-2028)
Figure South Korea Writing Instruments Consumption and Growth Rate Forecast (2023-2028)
Figure South Korea Writing Instruments Value and Growth Rate Forecast (2023-2028)
Figure Europe Writing Instruments Consumption and Growth Rate Forecast (2023-2028)
Figure Europe Writing Instruments Value and Growth Rate Forecast (2023-2028)
Figure Germany Writing Instruments Consumption and Growth Rate Forecast (2023-2028)
Figure Germany Writing Instruments Value and Growth Rate Forecast (2023-2028)
Figure UK Writing Instruments Consumption and Growth Rate Forecast (2023-2028)
Figure UK Writing Instruments Value and Growth Rate Forecast (2023-2028)
Figure France Writing Instruments Consumption and Growth Rate Forecast (2023-2028)
Figure France Writing Instruments Value and Growth Rate Forecast (2023-2028)
Figure Italy Writing Instruments Consumption and Growth Rate Forecast (2023-2028)
Figure Italy Writing Instruments Value and Growth Rate Forecast (2023-2028)
Figure Russia Writing Instruments Consumption and Growth Rate Forecast (2023-2028)
Figure Russia Writing Instruments Value and Growth Rate Forecast (2023-2028)
Figure Spain Writing Instruments Consumption and Growth Rate Forecast (2023-2028)
Figure Spain Writing Instruments Value and Growth Rate Forecast (2023-2028)
Figure Netherlands Writing Instruments Consumption and Growth Rate Forecast (2023-2028)
Figure Netherlands Writing Instruments Value and Growth Rate Forecast (2023-2028)
Figure Swizerland Writing Instruments Consumption and Growth Rate Forecast (2023-2028)
Figure Swizerland Writing Instruments Value and Growth Rate Forecast (2023-2028)
Figure Poland Writing Instruments Consumption and Growth Rate Forecast (2023-2028)
Figure Poland Writing Instruments Value and Growth Rate Forecast (2023-2028)
Figure South Asia Writing Instruments Consumption and Growth Rate Forecast (2023-2028)
Figure South Asia a Writing Instruments Value and Growth Rate Forecast (2023-2028)
Figure India Writing Instruments Consumption and Growth Rate Forecast (2023-2028)
Figure India Writing Instruments Value and Growth Rate Forecast (2023-2028)
Figure Pakistan Writing Instruments Consumption and Growth Rate Forecast (2023-2028)
Figure Pakistan Writing Instruments Value and Growth Rate Forecast (2023-2028)
Figure Bangladesh Writing Instruments Consumption and Growth Rate Forecast (2023-2028)
Figure Bangladesh Writing Instruments Value and Growth Rate Forecast (2023-2028)
Figure Southeast Asia Writing Instruments Consumption and Growth Rate Forecast (2023-2028)
Figure Southeast Asia Writing Instruments Value and Growth Rate Forecast (2023-2028)
Figure Indonesia Writing Instruments Consumption and Growth Rate Forecast (2023-2028)
Figure Indonesia Writing Instruments Value and Growth Rate Forecast (2023-2028)
Figure Thailand Writing Instruments Consumption and Growth Rate Forecast (2023-2028)
Figure Thailand Writing Instruments Value and Growth Rate Forecast (2023-2028)
Figure Singapore Writing Instruments Consumption and Growth Rate Forecast (2023-2028)
Figure Singapore Writing Instruments Value and Growth Rate Forecast (2023-2028)
Figure Malaysia Writing Instruments Consumption and Growth Rate Forecast (2023-2028)
Figure Malaysia Writing Instruments Value and Growth Rate Forecast (2023-2028)
Figure Philippines Writing Instruments Consumption and Growth Rate Forecast (2023-2028)
Figure Philippines Writing Instruments Value and Growth Rate Forecast (2023-2028)
Figure Vietnam Writing Instruments Consumption and Growth Rate Forecast (2023-2028)
Figure Vietnam Writing Instruments Value and Growth Rate Forecast (2023-2028)
Figure Myanmar Writing Instruments Consumption and Growth Rate Forecast (2023-2028)
Figure Myanmar Writing Instruments Value and Growth Rate Forecast (2023-2028)
Figure Middle East Writing Instruments Consumption and Growth Rate Forecast (2023-2028)
Figure Middle East Writing Instruments Value and Growth Rate Forecast (2023-2028)
Figure Turkey Writing Instruments Consumption and Growth Rate Forecast (2023-2028)
Figure Turkey Writing Instruments Value and Growth Rate Forecast (2023-2028)
Figure Saudi Arabia Writing Instruments Consumption and Growth Rate Forecast (2023-2028)
Figure Saudi Arabia Writing Instruments Value and Growth Rate Forecast (2023-2028)
Figure Iran Writing Instruments Consumption and Growth Rate Forecast (2023-2028)
Figure Iran Writing Instruments Value and Growth Rate Forecast (2023-2028)
Figure United Arab Emirates Writing Instruments Consumption and Growth Rate Forecast (2023-2028)
Figure United Arab Emirates Writing Instruments Value and Growth Rate Forecast (2023-2028)
Figure Israel Writing Instruments Consumption and Growth Rate Forecast (2023-2028)
Figure Israel Writing Instruments Value and Growth Rate Forecast (2023-2028)
Figure Iraq Writing Instruments Consumption and Growth Rate Forecast (2023-2028)
Figure Iraq Writing Instruments Value and Growth Rate Forecast (2023-2028)
Figure Qatar Writing Instruments Consumption and Growth Rate Forecast (2023-2028)
Figure Qatar Writing Instruments Value and Growth Rate Forecast (2023-2028)
Figure Kuwait Writing Instruments Consumption and Growth Rate Forecast (2023-2028)
Figure Kuwait Writing Instruments Value and Growth Rate Forecast (2023-2028)
Figure Oman Writing Instruments Consumption and Growth Rate Forecast (2023-2028)
Figure Oman Writing Instruments Value and Growth Rate Forecast (2023-2028)
Figure Africa Writing Instruments Consumption and Growth Rate Forecast (2023-2028)
Figure Africa Writing Instruments Value and Growth Rate Forecast (2023-2028)
Figure Nigeria Writing Instruments Consumption and Growth Rate Forecast (2023-2028)
Figure Nigeria Writing Instruments Value and Growth Rate Forecast (2023-2028)
Figure South Africa Writing Instruments Consumption and Growth Rate Forecast (2023-2028)
Figure South Africa Writing Instruments Value and Growth Rate Forecast (2023-2028)
Figure Egypt Writing Instruments Consumption and Growth Rate Forecast (2023-2028)
Figure Egypt Writing Instruments Value and Growth Rate Forecast (2023-2028)
Figure Algeria Writing Instruments Consumption and Growth Rate Forecast (2023-2028)
Figure Algeria Writing Instruments Value and Growth Rate Forecast (2023-2028)
Figure Morocco Writing Instruments Consumption and Growth Rate Forecast (2023-2028)
Figure Morocco Writing Instruments Value and Growth Rate Forecast (2023-2028)
Figure Oceania Writing Instruments Consumption and Growth Rate Forecast (2023-2028)
Figure Oceania Writing Instruments Value and Growth Rate Forecast (2023-2028)
Figure Australia Writing Instruments Consumption and Growth Rate Forecast (2023-2028)
Figure Australia Writing Instruments Value and Growth Rate Forecast (2023-2028)
Figure New Zealand Writing Instruments Consumption and Growth Rate Forecast (2023-2028)
Figure New Zealand Writing Instruments Value and Growth Rate Forecast (2023-2028)
Figure South America Writing Instruments Consumption and Growth Rate Forecast (2023-2028)
Figure South America Writing Instruments Value and Growth Rate Forecast (2023-2028)
Figure Brazil Writing Instruments Consumption and Growth Rate Forecast (2023-2028)
Figure Brazil Writing Instruments Value and Growth Rate Forecast (2023-2028)
Figure Argentina Writing Instruments Consumption and Growth Rate Forecast (2023-2028)
Figure Argentina Writing Instruments Value and Growth Rate Forecast (2023-2028)
Figure Columbia Writing Instruments Consumption and Growth Rate Forecast (2023-2028)
Figure Columbia Writing Instruments Value and Growth Rate Forecast (2023-2028)
Figure Chile Writing Instruments Consumption and Growth Rate Forecast (2023-2028)
Figure Chile Writing Instruments Value and Growth Rate Forecast (2023-2028)
Figure Venezuela Writing Instruments Consumption and Growth Rate Forecast (2023-2028)
Figure Venezuela Writing Instruments Value and Growth Rate Forecast (2023-2028)
Figure Peru Writing Instruments Consumption and Growth Rate Forecast (2023-2028)
Figure Peru Writing Instruments Value and Growth Rate Forecast (2023-2028)
Figure Puerto Rico Writing Instruments Consumption and Growth Rate Forecast (2023-2028)
Figure Puerto Rico Writing Instruments Value and Growth Rate Forecast (2023-2028)
Figure Ecuador Writing Instruments Consumption and Growth Rate Forecast (2023-2028)
Figure Ecuador Writing Instruments Value and Growth Rate Forecast (2023-2028)
Table Global Writing Instruments Consumption Forecast by Type (2023-2028)
Table Global Writing Instruments Revenue Forecast by Type (2023-2028)
Figure Global Writing Instruments Price Forecast by Type (2023-2028)
Table Global Writing Instruments Consumption Volume Forecast by Application (2023-2028)