Urethane Rubber Market, Global Outlook and Forecast 2022-2028

March 2022 | 75 pages | ID: U3CD1C313631EN
Market Monitor Global

Abstracts

This report contains market size and forecasts of Urethane Rubber in global, including the following market information:

Global Urethane Rubber Market Revenue, 2017-2022, 2023-2028, ($ millions)

Global Urethane Rubber Market Sales, 2017-2022, 2023-2028, (MT)

Global top five Urethane Rubber companies in 2021 (%)

The global Urethane Rubber market was valued at million in 2021 and is projected to reach US$ million by 2028, at a CAGR of % during the forecast period.

The U.S. Market is Estimated at $ Million in 2021, While China is Forecast to Reach $ Million by 2028.

Self Release Urethane Rubber Segment to Reach $ Million by 2028, with a % CAGR in next six years.

The global key manufacturers of Urethane Rubber include Smooth-On, Advanced Materials Technology, Farwest Materials, POOLKEMIE, VibraSystems, TSE Industries and Volatile Free, etc. In 2021, the global top five players have a share approximately % in terms of revenue.

MARKET MONITOR GLOBAL, INC (MMG) has surveyed the Urethane Rubber manufacturers, suppliers, distributors and industry experts on this industry, involving the sales, revenue, demand, price change, product type, recent development and plan, industry trends, drivers, challenges, obstacles, and potential risks.

Total Market by Segment:

Global Urethane Rubber Market, by Type, 2017-2022, 2023-2028 ($ Millions) & (MT)

Global Urethane Rubber Market Segment Percentages, by Type, 2021 (%)

• Self Release Urethane Rubber
• Not-self-release Urethane Rubbers
• Waterproof Urethane Rubber
• No-linear-shrinkage Urethane Rubbers
• Others

Global Urethane Rubber Market, by Application, 2017-2022, 2023-2028 ($ Millions) & (MT)

Global Urethane Rubber Market Segment Percentages, by Application, 2021 (%)

• Cement
• Gypsum
• Waxes
• Ceramic
• Pastes
• Others

Global Urethane Rubber Market, By Region and Country, 2017-2022, 2023-2028 ($ Millions) & (MT)

Global Urethane Rubber Market Segment Percentages, By Region and Country, 2021 (%)

• North America
• US
• Canada
• Mexico
• Europe
• Germany
• France
• U.K.
• Italy
• Russia
• Nordic Countries
• Benelux
• Rest of Europe
• Asia
• China
• Japan
• South Korea
• Southeast Asia
• India
• Rest of Asia
• South America
• Brazil
• Argentina
• Rest of South America
• Middle East & Africa
• Turkey
• Israel
• Saudi Arabia
• UAE
• Rest of Middle East & Africa

Competitor Analysis

The report also provides analysis of leading market participants including:

Key companies Urethane Rubber revenues in global market, 2017-2022 (Estimated), ($ millions)

Key companies Urethane Rubber revenues share in global market, 2021 (%)

Key companies Urethane Rubber sales in global market, 2017-2022 (Estimated), (MT)

Key companies Urethane Rubber sales share in global market, 2021 (%)

Further, the report presents profiles of competitors in the market, key players include:

• Smooth-On
• Advanced Materials Technology
• Farwest Materials
• POOLKEMIE
• VibraSystems
• TSE Industries
• Volatile Free

Contents

1 INTRODUCTION TO RESEARCH & ANALYSIS REPORTS

1.1 Urethane Rubber Market Definition
1.2 Market Segments
  1.2.1 Market by Type
  1.2.2 Market by Application
1.3 Global Urethane Rubber Market Overview
1.4 Features & Benefits of This Report
1.5 Methodology & Sources of Information
  1.5.1 Research Methodology
  1.5.2 Research Process
  1.5.3 Base Year
  1.5.4 Report Assumptions & Caveats

2 GLOBAL URETHANE RUBBER OVERALL MARKET SIZE

2.1 Global Urethane Rubber Market Size: 2021 VS 2028
2.2 Global Urethane Rubber Revenue, Prospects & Forecasts: 2017-2028
2.3 Global Urethane Rubber Sales: 2017-2028

3 COMPANY LANDSCAPE

3.1 Top Urethane Rubber Players in Global Market
3.2 Top Global Urethane Rubber Companies Ranked by Revenue
3.3 Global Urethane Rubber Revenue by Companies
3.4 Global Urethane Rubber Sales by Companies
3.5 Global Urethane Rubber Price by Manufacturer (2017-2022)
3.6 Top 3 and Top 5 Urethane Rubber Companies in Global Market, by Revenue in 2021
3.7 Global Manufacturers Urethane Rubber Product Type
3.8 Tier 1, Tier 2 and Tier 3 Urethane Rubber Players in Global Market
  3.8.1 List of Global Tier 1 Urethane Rubber Companies
  3.8.2 List of Global Tier 2 and Tier 3 Urethane Rubber Companies

4 SIGHTS BY PRODUCT

4.1 Overview
  4.1.1 By Type - Global Urethane Rubber Market Size Markets, 2021 & 2028
  4.1.2 Self Release Urethane Rubber
  4.1.3 Not-self-release Urethane Rubbers
  4.1.4 Waterproof Urethane Rubber
  4.1.5 No-linear-shrinkage Urethane Rubbers
  4.1.6 Others
4.2 By Type - Global Urethane Rubber Revenue & Forecasts
  4.2.1 By Type - Global Urethane Rubber Revenue, 2017-2022
  4.2.2 By Type - Global Urethane Rubber Revenue, 2023-2028
  4.2.3 By Type - Global Urethane Rubber Revenue Market Share, 2017-2028
4.3 By Type - Global Urethane Rubber Sales & Forecasts
  4.3.1 By Type - Global Urethane Rubber Sales, 2017-2022
  4.3.2 By Type - Global Urethane Rubber Sales, 2023-2028
  4.3.3 By Type - Global Urethane Rubber Sales Market Share, 2017-2028
4.4 By Type - Global Urethane Rubber Price (Manufacturers Selling Prices), 2017-2028

5 SIGHTS BY APPLICATION

5.1 Overview
  5.1.1 By Application - Global Urethane Rubber Market Size, 2021 & 2028
  5.1.2 Cement
  5.1.3 Gypsum
  5.1.4 Waxes
  5.1.5 Ceramic
  5.1.6 Pastes
  5.1.7 Others
5.2 By Application - Global Urethane Rubber Revenue & Forecasts
  5.2.1 By Application - Global Urethane Rubber Revenue, 2017-2022
  5.2.2 By Application - Global Urethane Rubber Revenue, 2023-2028
  5.2.3 By Application - Global Urethane Rubber Revenue Market Share, 2017-2028
5.3 By Application - Global Urethane Rubber Sales & Forecasts
  5.3.1 By Application - Global Urethane Rubber Sales, 2017-2022
  5.3.2 By Application - Global Urethane Rubber Sales, 2023-2028
  5.3.3 By Application - Global Urethane Rubber Sales Market Share, 2017-2028
5.4 By Application - Global Urethane Rubber Price (Manufacturers Selling Prices), 2017-2028

6 SIGHTS BY REGION

6.1 By Region - Global Urethane Rubber Market Size, 2021 & 2028
6.2 By Region - Global Urethane Rubber Revenue & Forecasts
  6.2.1 By Region - Global Urethane Rubber Revenue, 2017-2022
  6.2.2 By Region - Global Urethane Rubber Revenue, 2023-2028
  6.2.3 By Region - Global Urethane Rubber Revenue Market Share, 2017-2028
6.3 By Region - Global Urethane Rubber Sales & Forecasts
  6.3.1 By Region - Global Urethane Rubber Sales, 2017-2022
  6.3.2 By Region - Global Urethane Rubber Sales, 2023-2028
  6.3.3 By Region - Global Urethane Rubber Sales Market Share, 2017-2028
6.4 North America
  6.4.1 By Country - North America Urethane Rubber Revenue, 2017-2028
  6.4.2 By Country - North America Urethane Rubber Sales, 2017-2028
  6.4.3 US Urethane Rubber Market Size, 2017-2028
  6.4.4 Canada Urethane Rubber Market Size, 2017-2028
  6.4.5 Mexico Urethane Rubber Market Size, 2017-2028
6.5 Europe
  6.5.1 By Country - Europe Urethane Rubber Revenue, 2017-2028
  6.5.2 By Country - Europe Urethane Rubber Sales, 2017-2028
  6.5.3 Germany Urethane Rubber Market Size, 2017-2028
  6.5.4 France Urethane Rubber Market Size, 2017-2028
  6.5.5 U.K. Urethane Rubber Market Size, 2017-2028
  6.5.6 Italy Urethane Rubber Market Size, 2017-2028
  6.5.7 Russia Urethane Rubber Market Size, 2017-2028
  6.5.8 Nordic Countries Urethane Rubber Market Size, 2017-2028
  6.5.9 Benelux Urethane Rubber Market Size, 2017-2028
6.6 Asia
  6.6.1 By Region - Asia Urethane Rubber Revenue, 2017-2028
  6.6.2 By Region - Asia Urethane Rubber Sales, 2017-2028
  6.6.3 China Urethane Rubber Market Size, 2017-2028
  6.6.4 Japan Urethane Rubber Market Size, 2017-2028
  6.6.5 South Korea Urethane Rubber Market Size, 2017-2028
  6.6.6 Southeast Asia Urethane Rubber Market Size, 2017-2028
  6.6.7 India Urethane Rubber Market Size, 2017-2028
6.7 South America
  6.7.1 By Country - South America Urethane Rubber Revenue, 2017-2028
  6.7.2 By Country - South America Urethane Rubber Sales, 2017-2028
  6.7.3 Brazil Urethane Rubber Market Size, 2017-2028
  6.7.4 Argentina Urethane Rubber Market Size, 2017-2028
6.8 Middle East & Africa
  6.8.1 By Country - Middle East & Africa Urethane Rubber Revenue, 2017-2028
  6.8.2 By Country - Middle East & Africa Urethane Rubber Sales, 2017-2028
  6.8.3 Turkey Urethane Rubber Market Size, 2017-2028
  6.8.4 Israel Urethane Rubber Market Size, 2017-2028
  6.8.5 Saudi Arabia Urethane Rubber Market Size, 2017-2028
  6.8.6 UAE Urethane Rubber Market Size, 2017-2028

7 MANUFACTURERS & BRANDS PROFILES

7.1 Smooth-On
  7.1.1 Smooth-On Corporate Summary
  7.1.2 Smooth-On Business Overview
  7.1.3 Smooth-On Urethane Rubber Major Product Offerings
  7.1.4 Smooth-On Urethane Rubber Sales and Revenue in Global (2017-2022)
  7.1.5 Smooth-On Key News
7.2 Advanced Materials Technology
  7.2.1 Advanced Materials Technology Corporate Summary
  7.2.2 Advanced Materials Technology Business Overview
  7.2.3 Advanced Materials Technology Urethane Rubber Major Product Offerings
  7.2.4 Advanced Materials Technology Urethane Rubber Sales and Revenue in Global (2017-2022)
  7.2.5 Advanced Materials Technology Key News
7.3 Farwest Materials
  7.3.1 Farwest Materials Corporate Summary
  7.3.2 Farwest Materials Business Overview
  7.3.3 Farwest Materials Urethane Rubber Major Product Offerings
  7.3.4 Farwest Materials Urethane Rubber Sales and Revenue in Global (2017-2022)
  7.3.5 Farwest Materials Key News
7.4 POOLKEMIE
  7.4.1 POOLKEMIE Corporate Summary
  7.4.2 POOLKEMIE Business Overview
  7.4.3 POOLKEMIE Urethane Rubber Major Product Offerings
  7.4.4 POOLKEMIE Urethane Rubber Sales and Revenue in Global (2017-2022)
  7.4.5 POOLKEMIE Key News
7.5 VibraSystems
  7.5.1 VibraSystems Corporate Summary
  7.5.2 VibraSystems Business Overview
  7.5.3 VibraSystems Urethane Rubber Major Product Offerings
  7.5.4 VibraSystems Urethane Rubber Sales and Revenue in Global (2017-2022)
  7.5.5 VibraSystems Key News
7.6 TSE Industries
  7.6.1 TSE Industries Corporate Summary
  7.6.2 TSE Industries Business Overview
  7.6.3 TSE Industries Urethane Rubber Major Product Offerings
  7.6.4 TSE Industries Urethane Rubber Sales and Revenue in Global (2017-2022)
  7.6.5 TSE Industries Key News
7.7 Volatile Free
  7.7.1 Volatile Free Corporate Summary
  7.7.2 Volatile Free Business Overview
  7.7.3 Volatile Free Urethane Rubber Major Product Offerings
  7.7.4 Volatile Free Urethane Rubber Sales and Revenue in Global (2017-2022)
  7.7.5 Volatile Free Key News

8 GLOBAL URETHANE RUBBER PRODUCTION CAPACITY, ANALYSIS

8.1 Global Urethane Rubber Production Capacity, 2017-2028
8.2 Urethane Rubber Production Capacity of Key Manufacturers in Global Market
8.3 Global Urethane Rubber Production by Region

9 KEY MARKET TRENDS, OPPORTUNITY, DRIVERS AND RESTRAINTS

9.1 Market Opportunities & Trends
9.2 Market Drivers
9.3 Market Restraints

10 URETHANE RUBBER SUPPLY CHAIN ANALYSIS

10.1 Urethane Rubber Industry Value Chain
10.2 Urethane Rubber Upstream Market
10.3 Urethane Rubber Downstream and Clients
10.4 Marketing Channels Analysis
  10.4.1 Marketing Channels
  10.4.2 Urethane Rubber Distributors and Sales Agents in Global

11 CONCLUSION

12 APPENDIX

12.1 Note
12.2 Examples of Clients
12.3 Disclaimer

List Of Tables

LIST OF TABLES

Table 1. Key Players of Urethane Rubber in Global Market
Table 2. Top Urethane Rubber Players in Global Market, Ranking by Revenue (2021)
Table 3. Global Urethane Rubber Revenue by Companies, (US$, Mn), 2017-2022
Table 4. Global Urethane Rubber Revenue Share by Companies, 2017-2022
Table 5. Global Urethane Rubber Sales by Companies, (MT), 2017-2022
Table 6. Global Urethane Rubber Sales Share by Companies, 2017-2022
Table 7. Key Manufacturers Urethane Rubber Price (2017-2022) & (USD/Kg)
Table 8. Global Manufacturers Urethane Rubber Product Type
Table 9. List of Global Tier 1 Urethane Rubber Companies, Revenue (US$, Mn) in 2021 and Market Share
Table 10. List of Global Tier 2 and Tier 3 Urethane Rubber Companies, Revenue (US$, Mn) in 2021 and Market Share
Table 11. By Type – Global Urethane Rubber Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2021 & 2028
Table 12. By Type - Global Urethane Rubber Revenue (US$, Mn), 2017-2022
Table 13. By Type - Global Urethane Rubber Revenue (US$, Mn), 2023-2028
Table 14. By Type - Global Urethane Rubber Sales (MT), 2017-2022
Table 15. By Type - Global Urethane Rubber Sales (MT), 2023-2028
Table 16. By Application – Global Urethane Rubber Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2021 & 2028
Table 17. By Application - Global Urethane Rubber Revenue (US$, Mn), 2017-2022
Table 18. By Application - Global Urethane Rubber Revenue (US$, Mn), 2023-2028
Table 19. By Application - Global Urethane Rubber Sales (MT), 2017-2022
Table 20. By Application - Global Urethane Rubber Sales (MT), 2023-2028
Table 21. By Region – Global Urethane Rubber Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2021 VS 2028
Table 22. By Region - Global Urethane Rubber Revenue (US$, Mn), 2017-2022
Table 23. By Region - Global Urethane Rubber Revenue (US$, Mn), 2023-2028
Table 24. By Region - Global Urethane Rubber Sales (MT), 2017-2022
Table 25. By Region - Global Urethane Rubber Sales (MT), 2023-2028
Table 26. By Country - North America Urethane Rubber Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2017-2022
Table 27. By Country - North America Urethane Rubber Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2023-2028
Table 28. By Country - North America Urethane Rubber Sales, (MT), 2017-2022
Table 29. By Country - North America Urethane Rubber Sales, (MT), 2023-2028
Table 30. By Country - Europe Urethane Rubber Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2017-2022
Table 31. By Country - Europe Urethane Rubber Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2023-2028
Table 32. By Country - Europe Urethane Rubber Sales, (MT), 2017-2022
Table 33. By Country - Europe Urethane Rubber Sales, (MT), 2023-2028
Table 34. By Region - Asia Urethane Rubber Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2017-2022
Table 35. By Region - Asia Urethane Rubber Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2023-2028
Table 36. By Region - Asia Urethane Rubber Sales, (MT), 2017-2022
Table 37. By Region - Asia Urethane Rubber Sales, (MT), 2023-2028
Table 38. By Country - South America Urethane Rubber Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2017-2022
Table 39. By Country - South America Urethane Rubber Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2023-2028
Table 40. By Country - South America Urethane Rubber Sales, (MT), 2017-2022
Table 41. By Country - South America Urethane Rubber Sales, (MT), 2023-2028
Table 42. By Country - Middle East & Africa Urethane Rubber Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2017-2022
Table 43. By Country - Middle East & Africa Urethane Rubber Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2023-2028
Table 44. By Country - Middle East & Africa Urethane Rubber Sales, (MT), 2017-2022
Table 45. By Country - Middle East & Africa Urethane Rubber Sales, (MT), 2023-2028
Table 46. Smooth-On Corporate Summary
Table 47. Smooth-On Urethane Rubber Product Offerings
Table 48. Smooth-On Urethane Rubber Sales (MT), Revenue (US$, Mn) and Average Price (USD/Kg) (2017-2022)
Table 49. Advanced Materials Technology Corporate Summary
Table 50. Advanced Materials Technology Urethane Rubber Product Offerings
Table 51. Advanced Materials Technology Urethane Rubber Sales (MT), Revenue (US$, Mn) and Average Price (USD/Kg) (2017-2022)
Table 52. Farwest Materials Corporate Summary
Table 53. Farwest Materials Urethane Rubber Product Offerings
Table 54. Farwest Materials Urethane Rubber Sales (MT), Revenue (US$, Mn) and Average Price (USD/Kg) (2017-2022)
Table 55. POOLKEMIE Corporate Summary
Table 56. POOLKEMIE Urethane Rubber Product Offerings
Table 57. POOLKEMIE Urethane Rubber Sales (MT), Revenue (US$, Mn) and Average Price (USD/Kg) (2017-2022)
Table 58. VibraSystems Corporate Summary
Table 59. VibraSystems Urethane Rubber Product Offerings
Table 60. VibraSystems Urethane Rubber Sales (MT), Revenue (US$, Mn) and Average Price (USD/Kg) (2017-2022)
Table 61. TSE Industries Corporate Summary
Table 62. TSE Industries Urethane Rubber Product Offerings
Table 63. TSE Industries Urethane Rubber Sales (MT), Revenue (US$, Mn) and Average Price (USD/Kg) (2017-2022)
Table 64. Volatile Free Corporate Summary
Table 65. Volatile Free Urethane Rubber Product Offerings
Table 66. Volatile Free Urethane Rubber Sales (MT), Revenue (US$, Mn) and Average Price (USD/Kg) (2017-2022)
Table 67. Urethane Rubber Production Capacity (MT) of Key Manufacturers in Global Market, 2020-2022 (MT)
Table 68. Global Urethane Rubber Capacity Market Share of Key Manufacturers, 2020-2022
Table 69. Global Urethane Rubber Production by Region, 2017-2022 (MT)
Table 70. Global Urethane Rubber Production by Region, 2023-2028 (MT)
Table 71. Urethane Rubber Market Opportunities & Trends in Global Market
Table 72. Urethane Rubber Market Drivers in Global Market
Table 73. Urethane Rubber Market Restraints in Global Market
Table 74. Urethane Rubber Raw Materials
Table 75. Urethane Rubber Raw Materials Suppliers in Global Market
Table 76. Typical Urethane Rubber Downstream
Table 77. Urethane Rubber Downstream Clients in Global Market
Table 78. Urethane Rubber Distributors and Sales Agents in Global Market

List Of Figures

LIST OF FIGURES

Figure 1. Urethane Rubber Segment by Type
Figure 2. Urethane Rubber Segment by Application
Figure 3. Global Urethane Rubber Market Overview: 2021
Figure 4. Key Caveats
Figure 5. Global Urethane Rubber Market Size: 2021 VS 2028 (US$, Mn)
Figure 6. Global Urethane Rubber Revenue, 2017-2028 (US$, Mn)
Figure 7. Urethane Rubber Sales in Global Market: 2017-2028 (MT)
Figure 8. The Top 3 and 5 Players Market Share by Urethane Rubber Revenue in 2021
Figure 9. By Type - Global Urethane Rubber Sales Market Share, 2017-2028
Figure 10. By Type - Global Urethane Rubber Revenue Market Share, 2017-2028
Figure 11. By Type - Global Urethane Rubber Price (USD/Kg), 2017-2028
Figure 12. By Application - Global Urethane Rubber Sales Market Share, 2017-2028
Figure 13. By Application - Global Urethane Rubber Revenue Market Share, 2017-2028
Figure 14. By Application - Global Urethane Rubber Price (USD/Kg), 2017-2028
Figure 15. By Region - Global Urethane Rubber Sales Market Share, 2017-2028
Figure 16. By Region - Global Urethane Rubber Revenue Market Share, 2017-2028
Figure 17. By Country - North America Urethane Rubber Revenue Market Share, 2017-2028
Figure 18. By Country - North America Urethane Rubber Sales Market Share, 2017-2028
Figure 19. US Urethane Rubber Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2017-2028
Figure 20. Canada Urethane Rubber Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2017-2028
Figure 21. Mexico Urethane Rubber Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2017-2028
Figure 22. By Country - Europe Urethane Rubber Revenue Market Share, 2017-2028
Figure 23. By Country - Europe Urethane Rubber Sales Market Share, 2017-2028
Figure 24. Germany Urethane Rubber Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2017-2028
Figure 25. France Urethane Rubber Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2017-2028
Figure 26. U.K. Urethane Rubber Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2017-2028
Figure 27. Italy Urethane Rubber Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2017-2028
Figure 28. Russia Urethane Rubber Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2017-2028
Figure 29. Nordic Countries Urethane Rubber Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2017-2028
Figure 30. Benelux Urethane Rubber Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2017-2028
Figure 31. By Region - Asia Urethane Rubber Revenue Market Share, 2017-2028
Figure 32. By Region - Asia Urethane Rubber Sales Market Share, 2017-2028
Figure 33. China Urethane Rubber Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2017-2028
Figure 34. Japan Urethane Rubber Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2017-2028
Figure 35. South Korea Urethane Rubber Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2017-2028
Figure 36. Southeast Asia Urethane Rubber Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2017-2028
Figure 37. India Urethane Rubber Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2017-2028
Figure 38. By Country - South America Urethane Rubber Revenue Market Share, 2017-2028
Figure 39. By Country - South America Urethane Rubber Sales Market Share, 2017-2028
Figure 40. Brazil Urethane Rubber Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2017-2028
Figure 41. Argentina Urethane Rubber Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2017-2028
Figure 42. By Country - Middle East & Africa Urethane Rubber Revenue Market Share, 2017-2028
Figure 43. By Country - Middle East & Africa Urethane Rubber Sales Market Share, 2017-2028
Figure 44. Turkey Urethane Rubber Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2017-2028
Figure 45. Israel Urethane Rubber Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2017-2028
Figure 46. Saudi Arabia Urethane Rubber Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2017-2028
Figure 47. UAE Urethane Rubber Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2017-2028
Figure 48. Global Urethane Rubber Production Capacity (MT), 2017-2028
Figure 49. The Percentage of Production Urethane Rubber by Region, 2021 VS 2028
Figure 50. Urethane Rubber Industry Value Chain
Figure 51. Marketing Channels