Oxaloacetic Acid Market, Global Outlook and Forecast 2022-2028

May 2022 | 73 pages | ID: OA7374DFD3A7EN
Market Monitor Global

Abstracts

This report contains market size and forecasts of Oxaloacetic Acid in global, including the following market information:

Global Oxaloacetic Acid Market Revenue, 2017-2022, 2023-2028, ($ millions)

Global Oxaloacetic Acid Market Sales, 2017-2022, 2023-2028, (Tons)

Global top five Oxaloacetic Acid companies in 2021 (%)

The global Oxaloacetic Acid market was valued at million in 2021 and is projected to reach US$ million by 2028, at a CAGR of % during the forecast period 2022-2028.

The U.S. Market is Estimated at $ Million in 2021, While China is Forecast to Reach $ Million by 2028.

Purity 97% Segment to Reach $ Million by 2028, with a % CAGR in next six years.

The global key manufacturers of Oxaloacetic Acid include Showa Denko, Hangzhou Hairui Chemical, Shanghai Yuhan Chemical and Guangzhou Dreampharm Biotechnology, etc. In 2021, the global top five players have a share approximately % in terms of revenue.

MARKET MONITOR GLOBAL, INC (MMG) has surveyed the Oxaloacetic Acid manufacturers, suppliers, distributors and industry experts on this industry, involving the sales, revenue, demand, price change, product type, recent development and plan, industry trends, drivers, challenges, obstacles, and potential risks.

Total Market by Segment:

Global Oxaloacetic Acid Market, by Type, 2017-2022, 2023-2028 ($ Millions) & (Tons)

Global Oxaloacetic Acid Market Segment Percentages, by Type, 2021 (%)

• Purity 97%
• Purity ?97%

Global Oxaloacetic Acid Market, by Application, 2017-2022, 2023-2028 ($ Millions) & (Tons)

Global Oxaloacetic Acid Market Segment Percentages, by Application, 2021 (%)

• Mold release Agents
• Smoothing Agents
• Ink Additives
• Others

Global Oxaloacetic Acid Market, By Region and Country, 2017-2022, 2023-2028 ($ Millions) & (Tons)

Global Oxaloacetic Acid Market Segment Percentages, By Region and Country, 2021 (%)

• North America
• US
• Canada
• Mexico
• Europe
• Germany
• France
• U.K.
• Italy
• Russia
• Nordic Countries
• Benelux
• Rest of Europe
• Asia
• China
• Japan
• South Korea
• Southeast Asia
• India
• Rest of Asia
• South America
• Brazil
• Argentina
• Rest of South America
• Middle East & Africa
• Turkey
• Israel
• Saudi Arabia
• UAE
• Rest of Middle East & Africa

Competitor Analysis

The report also provides analysis of leading market participants including:

Key companies Oxaloacetic Acid revenues in global market, 2017-2022 (Estimated), ($ millions)

Key companies Oxaloacetic Acid revenues share in global market, 2021 (%)

Key companies Oxaloacetic Acid sales in global market, 2017-2022 (Estimated), (Tons)

Key companies Oxaloacetic Acid sales share in global market, 2021 (%)

Further, the report presents profiles of competitors in the market, key players include:

• Showa Denko
• Hangzhou Hairui Chemical
• Shanghai Yuhan Chemical
• Guangzhou Dreampharm Biotechnology

Contents

1 INTRODUCTION TO RESEARCH & ANALYSIS REPORTS

1.1 Oxaloacetic Acid Market Definition
1.2 Market Segments
  1.2.1 Market by Type
  1.2.2 Market by Application
1.3 Global Oxaloacetic Acid Market Overview
1.4 Features & Benefits of This Report
1.5 Methodology & Sources of Information
  1.5.1 Research Methodology
  1.5.2 Research Process
  1.5.3 Base Year
  1.5.4 Report Assumptions & Caveats

2 GLOBAL OXALOACETIC ACID OVERALL MARKET SIZE

2.1 Global Oxaloacetic Acid Market Size: 2021 VS 2028
2.2 Global Oxaloacetic Acid Revenue, Prospects & Forecasts: 2017-2028
2.3 Global Oxaloacetic Acid Sales: 2017-2028

3 COMPANY LANDSCAPE

3.1 Top Oxaloacetic Acid Players in Global Market
3.2 Top Global Oxaloacetic Acid Companies Ranked by Revenue
3.3 Global Oxaloacetic Acid Revenue by Companies
3.4 Global Oxaloacetic Acid Sales by Companies
3.5 Global Oxaloacetic Acid Price by Manufacturer (2017-2022)
3.6 Top 3 and Top 5 Oxaloacetic Acid Companies in Global Market, by Revenue in 2021
3.7 Global Manufacturers Oxaloacetic Acid Product Type
3.8 Tier 1, Tier 2 and Tier 3 Oxaloacetic Acid Players in Global Market
  3.8.1 List of Global Tier 1 Oxaloacetic Acid Companies
  3.8.2 List of Global Tier 2 and Tier 3 Oxaloacetic Acid Companies

4 SIGHTS BY PRODUCT

4.1 Overview
  4.1.1 By Type - Global Oxaloacetic Acid Market Size Markets, 2021 & 2028
  4.1.2 Purity 97%
  4.1.3 Purity ?97%
4.2 By Type - Global Oxaloacetic Acid Revenue & Forecasts
  4.2.1 By Type - Global Oxaloacetic Acid Revenue, 2017-2022
  4.2.2 By Type - Global Oxaloacetic Acid Revenue, 2023-2028
  4.2.3 By Type - Global Oxaloacetic Acid Revenue Market Share, 2017-2028
4.3 By Type - Global Oxaloacetic Acid Sales & Forecasts
  4.3.1 By Type - Global Oxaloacetic Acid Sales, 2017-2022
  4.3.2 By Type - Global Oxaloacetic Acid Sales, 2023-2028
  4.3.3 By Type - Global Oxaloacetic Acid Sales Market Share, 2017-2028
4.4 By Type - Global Oxaloacetic Acid Price (Manufacturers Selling Prices), 2017-2028

5 SIGHTS BY APPLICATION

5.1 Overview
  5.1.1 By Application - Global Oxaloacetic Acid Market Size, 2021 & 2028
  5.1.2 Mold release Agents
  5.1.3 Smoothing Agents
  5.1.4 Ink Additives
  5.1.5 Others
5.2 By Application - Global Oxaloacetic Acid Revenue & Forecasts
  5.2.1 By Application - Global Oxaloacetic Acid Revenue, 2017-2022
  5.2.2 By Application - Global Oxaloacetic Acid Revenue, 2023-2028
  5.2.3 By Application - Global Oxaloacetic Acid Revenue Market Share, 2017-2028
5.3 By Application - Global Oxaloacetic Acid Sales & Forecasts
  5.3.1 By Application - Global Oxaloacetic Acid Sales, 2017-2022
  5.3.2 By Application - Global Oxaloacetic Acid Sales, 2023-2028
  5.3.3 By Application - Global Oxaloacetic Acid Sales Market Share, 2017-2028
5.4 By Application - Global Oxaloacetic Acid Price (Manufacturers Selling Prices), 2017-2028

6 SIGHTS BY REGION

6.1 By Region - Global Oxaloacetic Acid Market Size, 2021 & 2028
6.2 By Region - Global Oxaloacetic Acid Revenue & Forecasts
  6.2.1 By Region - Global Oxaloacetic Acid Revenue, 2017-2022
  6.2.2 By Region - Global Oxaloacetic Acid Revenue, 2023-2028
  6.2.3 By Region - Global Oxaloacetic Acid Revenue Market Share, 2017-2028
6.3 By Region - Global Oxaloacetic Acid Sales & Forecasts
  6.3.1 By Region - Global Oxaloacetic Acid Sales, 2017-2022
  6.3.2 By Region - Global Oxaloacetic Acid Sales, 2023-2028
  6.3.3 By Region - Global Oxaloacetic Acid Sales Market Share, 2017-2028
6.4 North America
  6.4.1 By Country - North America Oxaloacetic Acid Revenue, 2017-2028
  6.4.2 By Country - North America Oxaloacetic Acid Sales, 2017-2028
  6.4.3 US Oxaloacetic Acid Market Size, 2017-2028
  6.4.4 Canada Oxaloacetic Acid Market Size, 2017-2028
  6.4.5 Mexico Oxaloacetic Acid Market Size, 2017-2028
6.5 Europe
  6.5.1 By Country - Europe Oxaloacetic Acid Revenue, 2017-2028
  6.5.2 By Country - Europe Oxaloacetic Acid Sales, 2017-2028
  6.5.3 Germany Oxaloacetic Acid Market Size, 2017-2028
  6.5.4 France Oxaloacetic Acid Market Size, 2017-2028
  6.5.5 U.K. Oxaloacetic Acid Market Size, 2017-2028
  6.5.6 Italy Oxaloacetic Acid Market Size, 2017-2028
  6.5.7 Russia Oxaloacetic Acid Market Size, 2017-2028
  6.5.8 Nordic Countries Oxaloacetic Acid Market Size, 2017-2028
  6.5.9 Benelux Oxaloacetic Acid Market Size, 2017-2028
6.6 Asia
  6.6.1 By Region - Asia Oxaloacetic Acid Revenue, 2017-2028
  6.6.2 By Region - Asia Oxaloacetic Acid Sales, 2017-2028
  6.6.3 China Oxaloacetic Acid Market Size, 2017-2028
  6.6.4 Japan Oxaloacetic Acid Market Size, 2017-2028
  6.6.5 South Korea Oxaloacetic Acid Market Size, 2017-2028
  6.6.6 Southeast Asia Oxaloacetic Acid Market Size, 2017-2028
  6.6.7 India Oxaloacetic Acid Market Size, 2017-2028
6.7 South America
  6.7.1 By Country - South America Oxaloacetic Acid Revenue, 2017-2028
  6.7.2 By Country - South America Oxaloacetic Acid Sales, 2017-2028
  6.7.3 Brazil Oxaloacetic Acid Market Size, 2017-2028
  6.7.4 Argentina Oxaloacetic Acid Market Size, 2017-2028
6.8 Middle East & Africa
  6.8.1 By Country - Middle East & Africa Oxaloacetic Acid Revenue, 2017-2028
  6.8.2 By Country - Middle East & Africa Oxaloacetic Acid Sales, 2017-2028
  6.8.3 Turkey Oxaloacetic Acid Market Size, 2017-2028
  6.8.4 Israel Oxaloacetic Acid Market Size, 2017-2028
  6.8.5 Saudi Arabia Oxaloacetic Acid Market Size, 2017-2028
  6.8.6 UAE Oxaloacetic Acid Market Size, 2017-2028

7 MANUFACTURERS & BRANDS PROFILES

7.1 Showa Denko
  7.1.1 Showa Denko Corporate Summary
  7.1.2 Showa Denko Business Overview
  7.1.3 Showa Denko Oxaloacetic Acid Major Product Offerings
  7.1.4 Showa Denko Oxaloacetic Acid Sales and Revenue in Global (2017-2022)
  7.1.5 Showa Denko Key News
7.2 Hangzhou Hairui Chemical
  7.2.1 Hangzhou Hairui Chemical Corporate Summary
  7.2.2 Hangzhou Hairui Chemical Business Overview
  7.2.3 Hangzhou Hairui Chemical Oxaloacetic Acid Major Product Offerings
  7.2.4 Hangzhou Hairui Chemical Oxaloacetic Acid Sales and Revenue in Global (2017-2022)
  7.2.5 Hangzhou Hairui Chemical Key News
7.3 Shanghai Yuhan Chemical
  7.3.1 Shanghai Yuhan Chemical Corporate Summary
  7.3.2 Shanghai Yuhan Chemical Business Overview
  7.3.3 Shanghai Yuhan Chemical Oxaloacetic Acid Major Product Offerings
  7.3.4 Shanghai Yuhan Chemical Oxaloacetic Acid Sales and Revenue in Global (2017-2022)
  7.3.5 Shanghai Yuhan Chemical Key News
7.4 Guangzhou Dreampharm Biotechnology
  7.4.1 Guangzhou Dreampharm Biotechnology Corporate Summary
  7.4.2 Guangzhou Dreampharm Biotechnology Business Overview
  7.4.3 Guangzhou Dreampharm Biotechnology Oxaloacetic Acid Major Product Offerings
  7.4.4 Guangzhou Dreampharm Biotechnology Oxaloacetic Acid Sales and Revenue in Global (2017-2022)
  7.4.5 Guangzhou Dreampharm Biotechnology Key News

8 GLOBAL OXALOACETIC ACID PRODUCTION CAPACITY, ANALYSIS

8.1 Global Oxaloacetic Acid Production Capacity, 2017-2028
8.2 Oxaloacetic Acid Production Capacity of Key Manufacturers in Global Market
8.3 Global Oxaloacetic Acid Production by Region

9 KEY MARKET TRENDS, OPPORTUNITY, DRIVERS AND RESTRAINTS

9.1 Market Opportunities & Trends
9.2 Market Drivers
9.3 Market Restraints

10 OXALOACETIC ACID SUPPLY CHAIN ANALYSIS

10.1 Oxaloacetic Acid Industry Value Chain
10.2 Oxaloacetic Acid Upstream Market
10.3 Oxaloacetic Acid Downstream and Clients
10.4 Marketing Channels Analysis
  10.4.1 Marketing Channels
  10.4.2 Oxaloacetic Acid Distributors and Sales Agents in Global

11 CONCLUSION

12 APPENDIX

12.1 Note
12.2 Examples of Clients
12.3 Disclaimer

List Of Tables

LIST OF TABLES

Table 1. Key Players of Oxaloacetic Acid in Global Market
Table 2. Top Oxaloacetic Acid Players in Global Market, Ranking by Revenue (2021)
Table 3. Global Oxaloacetic Acid Revenue by Companies, (US$, Mn), 2017-2022
Table 4. Global Oxaloacetic Acid Revenue Share by Companies, 2017-2022
Table 5. Global Oxaloacetic Acid Sales by Companies, (Tons), 2017-2022
Table 6. Global Oxaloacetic Acid Sales Share by Companies, 2017-2022
Table 7. Key Manufacturers Oxaloacetic Acid Price (2017-2022) & (US$/Ton)
Table 8. Global Manufacturers Oxaloacetic Acid Product Type
Table 9. List of Global Tier 1 Oxaloacetic Acid Companies, Revenue (US$, Mn) in 2021 and Market Share
Table 10. List of Global Tier 2 and Tier 3 Oxaloacetic Acid Companies, Revenue (US$, Mn) in 2021 and Market Share
Table 11. By Type – Global Oxaloacetic Acid Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2021 & 2028
Table 12. By Type - Global Oxaloacetic Acid Revenue (US$, Mn), 2017-2022
Table 13. By Type - Global Oxaloacetic Acid Revenue (US$, Mn), 2023-2028
Table 14. By Type - Global Oxaloacetic Acid Sales (Tons), 2017-2022
Table 15. By Type - Global Oxaloacetic Acid Sales (Tons), 2023-2028
Table 16. By Application – Global Oxaloacetic Acid Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2021 & 2028
Table 17. By Application - Global Oxaloacetic Acid Revenue (US$, Mn), 2017-2022
Table 18. By Application - Global Oxaloacetic Acid Revenue (US$, Mn), 2023-2028
Table 19. By Application - Global Oxaloacetic Acid Sales (Tons), 2017-2022
Table 20. By Application - Global Oxaloacetic Acid Sales (Tons), 2023-2028
Table 21. By Region – Global Oxaloacetic Acid Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2021 VS 2028
Table 22. By Region - Global Oxaloacetic Acid Revenue (US$, Mn), 2017-2022
Table 23. By Region - Global Oxaloacetic Acid Revenue (US$, Mn), 2023-2028
Table 24. By Region - Global Oxaloacetic Acid Sales (Tons), 2017-2022
Table 25. By Region - Global Oxaloacetic Acid Sales (Tons), 2023-2028
Table 26. By Country - North America Oxaloacetic Acid Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2017-2022
Table 27. By Country - North America Oxaloacetic Acid Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2023-2028
Table 28. By Country - North America Oxaloacetic Acid Sales, (Tons), 2017-2022
Table 29. By Country - North America Oxaloacetic Acid Sales, (Tons), 2023-2028
Table 30. By Country - Europe Oxaloacetic Acid Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2017-2022
Table 31. By Country - Europe Oxaloacetic Acid Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2023-2028
Table 32. By Country - Europe Oxaloacetic Acid Sales, (Tons), 2017-2022
Table 33. By Country - Europe Oxaloacetic Acid Sales, (Tons), 2023-2028
Table 34. By Region - Asia Oxaloacetic Acid Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2017-2022
Table 35. By Region - Asia Oxaloacetic Acid Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2023-2028
Table 36. By Region - Asia Oxaloacetic Acid Sales, (Tons), 2017-2022
Table 37. By Region - Asia Oxaloacetic Acid Sales, (Tons), 2023-2028
Table 38. By Country - South America Oxaloacetic Acid Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2017-2022
Table 39. By Country - South America Oxaloacetic Acid Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2023-2028
Table 40. By Country - South America Oxaloacetic Acid Sales, (Tons), 2017-2022
Table 41. By Country - South America Oxaloacetic Acid Sales, (Tons), 2023-2028
Table 42. By Country - Middle East & Africa Oxaloacetic Acid Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2017-2022
Table 43. By Country - Middle East & Africa Oxaloacetic Acid Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2023-2028
Table 44. By Country - Middle East & Africa Oxaloacetic Acid Sales, (Tons), 2017-2022
Table 45. By Country - Middle East & Africa Oxaloacetic Acid Sales, (Tons), 2023-2028
Table 46. Showa Denko Corporate Summary
Table 47. Showa Denko Oxaloacetic Acid Product Offerings
Table 48. Showa Denko Oxaloacetic Acid Sales (Tons), Revenue (US$, Mn) and Average Price (US$/Ton) (2017-2022)
Table 49. Hangzhou Hairui Chemical Corporate Summary
Table 50. Hangzhou Hairui Chemical Oxaloacetic Acid Product Offerings
Table 51. Hangzhou Hairui Chemical Oxaloacetic Acid Sales (Tons), Revenue (US$, Mn) and Average Price (US$/Ton) (2017-2022)
Table 52. Shanghai Yuhan Chemical Corporate Summary
Table 53. Shanghai Yuhan Chemical Oxaloacetic Acid Product Offerings
Table 54. Shanghai Yuhan Chemical Oxaloacetic Acid Sales (Tons), Revenue (US$, Mn) and Average Price (US$/Ton) (2017-2022)
Table 55. Guangzhou Dreampharm Biotechnology Corporate Summary
Table 56. Guangzhou Dreampharm Biotechnology Oxaloacetic Acid Product Offerings
Table 57. Guangzhou Dreampharm Biotechnology Oxaloacetic Acid Sales (Tons), Revenue (US$, Mn) and Average Price (US$/Ton) (2017-2022)
Table 58. Oxaloacetic Acid Production Capacity (Tons) of Key Manufacturers in Global Market, 2020-2022 (Tons)
Table 59. Global Oxaloacetic Acid Capacity Market Share of Key Manufacturers, 2020-2022
Table 60. Global Oxaloacetic Acid Production by Region, 2017-2022 (Tons)
Table 61. Global Oxaloacetic Acid Production by Region, 2023-2028 (Tons)
Table 62. Oxaloacetic Acid Market Opportunities & Trends in Global Market
Table 63. Oxaloacetic Acid Market Drivers in Global Market
Table 64. Oxaloacetic Acid Market Restraints in Global Market
Table 65. Oxaloacetic Acid Raw Materials
Table 66. Oxaloacetic Acid Raw Materials Suppliers in Global Market
Table 67. Typical Oxaloacetic Acid Downstream
Table 68. Oxaloacetic Acid Downstream Clients in Global Market
Table 69. Oxaloacetic Acid Distributors and Sales Agents in Global Market

List Of Figures

LIST OF FIGURES

Figure 1. Oxaloacetic Acid Segment by Type
Figure 2. Oxaloacetic Acid Segment by Application
Figure 3. Global Oxaloacetic Acid Market Overview: 2021
Figure 4. Key Caveats
Figure 5. Global Oxaloacetic Acid Market Size: 2021 VS 2028 (US$, Mn)
Figure 6. Global Oxaloacetic Acid Revenue, 2017-2028 (US$, Mn)
Figure 7. Oxaloacetic Acid Sales in Global Market: 2017-2028 (Tons)
Figure 8. The Top 3 and 5 Players Market Share by Oxaloacetic Acid Revenue in 2021
Figure 9. By Type - Global Oxaloacetic Acid Sales Market Share, 2017-2028
Figure 10. By Type - Global Oxaloacetic Acid Revenue Market Share, 2017-2028
Figure 11. By Type - Global Oxaloacetic Acid Price (US$/Ton), 2017-2028
Figure 12. By Application - Global Oxaloacetic Acid Sales Market Share, 2017-2028
Figure 13. By Application - Global Oxaloacetic Acid Revenue Market Share, 2017-2028
Figure 14. By Application - Global Oxaloacetic Acid Price (US$/Ton), 2017-2028
Figure 15. By Region - Global Oxaloacetic Acid Sales Market Share, 2017-2028
Figure 16. By Region - Global Oxaloacetic Acid Revenue Market Share, 2017-2028
Figure 17. By Country - North America Oxaloacetic Acid Revenue Market Share, 2017-2028
Figure 18. By Country - North America Oxaloacetic Acid Sales Market Share, 2017-2028
Figure 19. US Oxaloacetic Acid Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2017-2028
Figure 20. Canada Oxaloacetic Acid Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2017-2028
Figure 21. Mexico Oxaloacetic Acid Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2017-2028
Figure 22. By Country - Europe Oxaloacetic Acid Revenue Market Share, 2017-2028
Figure 23. By Country - Europe Oxaloacetic Acid Sales Market Share, 2017-2028
Figure 24. Germany Oxaloacetic Acid Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2017-2028
Figure 25. France Oxaloacetic Acid Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2017-2028
Figure 26. U.K. Oxaloacetic Acid Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2017-2028
Figure 27. Italy Oxaloacetic Acid Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2017-2028
Figure 28. Russia Oxaloacetic Acid Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2017-2028
Figure 29. Nordic Countries Oxaloacetic Acid Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2017-2028
Figure 30. Benelux Oxaloacetic Acid Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2017-2028
Figure 31. By Region - Asia Oxaloacetic Acid Revenue Market Share, 2017-2028
Figure 32. By Region - Asia Oxaloacetic Acid Sales Market Share, 2017-2028
Figure 33. China Oxaloacetic Acid Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2017-2028
Figure 34. Japan Oxaloacetic Acid Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2017-2028
Figure 35. South Korea Oxaloacetic Acid Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2017-2028
Figure 36. Southeast Asia Oxaloacetic Acid Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2017-2028
Figure 37. India Oxaloacetic Acid Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2017-2028
Figure 38. By Country - South America Oxaloacetic Acid Revenue Market Share, 2017-2028
Figure 39. By Country - South America Oxaloacetic Acid Sales Market Share, 2017-2028
Figure 40. Brazil Oxaloacetic Acid Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2017-2028
Figure 41. Argentina Oxaloacetic Acid Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2017-2028
Figure 42. By Country - Middle East & Africa Oxaloacetic Acid Revenue Market Share, 2017-2028
Figure 43. By Country - Middle East & Africa Oxaloacetic Acid Sales Market Share, 2017-2028
Figure 44. Turkey Oxaloacetic Acid Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2017-2028
Figure 45. Israel Oxaloacetic Acid Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2017-2028
Figure 46. Saudi Arabia Oxaloacetic Acid Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2017-2028
Figure 47. UAE Oxaloacetic Acid Revenue, (US$, Mn), 2017-2028
Figure 48. Global Oxaloacetic Acid Production Capacity (Tons), 2017-2028
Figure 49. The Percentage of Production Oxaloacetic Acid by Region, 2021 VS 2028
Figure 50. Oxaloacetic Acid Industry Value Chain
Figure 51. Marketing Channels