3-O-Ethyl-L-Ascorbic Acid Industry Research Report 2023
This report aims to provide a comprehensive presentation of the global market for 3-O-Ethyl-L-Ascorbic Acid, with both quantitative and qualitative analysis, to help readers develop business/growth strategies, assess the market competitive situation, analyze their position in the current marketplace, and make informed business decisions regarding 3-O-Ethyl-L-Ascorbic Acid.
The 3-O-Ethyl-L-Ascorbic Acid market size, estimations, and forecasts are provided in terms of output/shipments (Ton) and revenue ($ millions), considering 2022 as the base year, with history and forecast data for the period from 2018 to 2029. This report segments the global 3-O-Ethyl-L-Ascorbic Acid market comprehensively. Regional market sizes, concerning products by types, by application, and by players, are also provided. The influence of COVID-19 and the Russia-Ukraine War were considered while estimating market sizes.
For a more in-depth understanding of the market, the report provides profiles of the competitive landscape, key competitors, and their respective market ranks. The report also discusses technological trends and new product developments.
The report will help the 3-O-Ethyl-L-Ascorbic Acid manufacturers, new entrants, and industry chain related companies in this market with information on the revenues, production, and average price for the overall market and the sub-segments across the different segments, by company, product type, application, and regions.
Key Companies & Market Share Insights
In this section, the readers will gain an understanding of the key players competing. This report has studied the key growth strategies, such as innovative trends and developments, intensification of product portfolio, mergers and acquisitions, collaborations, new product innovation, and geographical expansion, undertaken by these participants to maintain their presence. Apart from business strategies, the study includes current developments and key financials. The readers will also get access to the data related to global revenue, price, and sales by manufacturers for the period 2018-2023. This all-inclusive report will certainly serve the clients to stay updated and make effective decisions in their businesses. Some of the prominent players reviewed in the research report include:
Global markets are presented by 3-O-Ethyl-L-Ascorbic Acid type, along with growth forecasts through 2029. Estimates on production and value are based on the price in the supply chain at which the 3-O-Ethyl-L-Ascorbic Acid are procured by the manufacturers.
This report has studied every segment and provided the market size using historical data. They have also talked about the growth opportunities that the segment may pose in the future. This study bestows production and revenue data by type, and during the historical period (2018-2023) and forecast period (2024-2029).
3-O-Ethyl-L-Ascorbic Acid segment by Type
This report has provided the market size (production and revenue data) by application, during the historical period (2018-2023) and forecast period (2024-2029).
This report also outlines the market trends of each segment and consumer behaviors impacting the 3-O-Ethyl-L-Ascorbic Acid market and what implications these may have on the industry's future. This report can help to understand the relevant market and consumer trends that are driving the 3-O-Ethyl-L-Ascorbic Acid market.
3-O-Ethyl-L-Ascorbic Acid segment by Application
This section of the report provides key insights regarding various regions and the key players operating in each region. Economic, social, environmental, technological, and political factors have been taken into consideration while assessing the growth of the particular region/country. The readers will also get their hands on the revenue and sales data of each region and country for the period 2018-2029.
The market has been segmented into various major geographies, including North America, Europe, Asia-Pacific, South America. Detailed analysis of major countries such as the USA, Germany, the U.K., Italy, France, China, Japan, South Korea, Southeast Asia, and India will be covered within the regional segment. For market estimates, data are going to be provided for 2022 because of the base year, with estimates for 2023 and forecast value for 2029.
High-impact rendering factors and drivers have been studied in this report to aid the readers to understand the general development. Moreover, the report includes restraints and challenges that may act as stumbling blocks on the way of the players. This will assist the users to be attentive and make informed decisions related to business. Specialists have also laid their focus on the upcoming business prospects.
COVID-19 and Russia-Ukraine War Influence Analysis
The readers in the section will understand how the 3-O-Ethyl-L-Ascorbic Acid market scenario changed across the globe during the pandemic, post-pandemic and Russia-Ukraine War. The study is done keeping in view the changes in aspects such as demand, consumption, transportation, consumer behavior, supply chain management, export and import, and production. The industry experts have also highlighted the key factors that will help create opportunities for players and stabilize the overall industry in the years to come.
Reasons to Buy This Report
This report will help the readers to understand the competition within the industries and strategies for the competitive environment to enhance the potential profit. The report also focuses on the competitive landscape of the global 3-O-Ethyl-L-Ascorbic Acid market, and introduces in detail the market share, industry ranking, competitor ecosystem, market performance, new product development, operation situation, expansion, and acquisition. etc. of the main players, which helps the readers to identify the main competitors and deeply understand the competition pattern of the market.
This report will help stakeholders to understand the global industry status and trends of 3-O-Ethyl-L-Ascorbic Acid and provides them with information on key market drivers, restraints, challenges, and opportunities.
This report will help stakeholders to understand competitors better and gain more insights to strengthen their position in their businesses. The competitive landscape section includes the market share and rank (in volume and value), competitor ecosystem, new product development, expansion, and acquisition.
This report stays updated with novel technology integration, features, and the latest developments in the market
This report helps stakeholders to understand the COVID-19 and Russia-Ukraine War Influence on the 3-O-Ethyl-L-Ascorbic Acid industry.
This report helps stakeholders to gain insights into which regions to target globally
This report helps stakeholders to gain insights into the end-user perception concerning the adoption of 3-O-Ethyl-L-Ascorbic Acid.
This report helps stakeholders to identify some of the key players in the market and understand their valuable contribution.
Core Chapters
Chapter 1: Research objectives, research methods, data sources, data cross-validation;
Chapter 2: Introduces the report scope of the report, executive summary of different market segments (by region, product type, application, etc), including the market size of each market segment, future development potential, and so on. It offers a high-level view of the current state of the market and its likely evolution in the short to mid-term, and long term.
Chapter 3: Detailed analysis of 3-O-Ethyl-L-Ascorbic Acid manufacturers competitive landscape, price, production and value market share, latest development plan, merger, and acquisition information, etc.
Chapter 4: Provides profiles of key players, introducing the basic situation of the main companies in the market in detail, including product production/output, value, price, gross margin, product introduction, recent development, etc.
Chapter 5: Production/output, value of 3-O-Ethyl-L-Ascorbic Acid by region/country. It provides a quantitative analysis of the market size and development potential of each region in the next six years.
Chapter 6: Consumption of 3-O-Ethyl-L-Ascorbic Acid in regional level and country level. It provides a quantitative analysis of the market size and development potential of each region and its main countries and introduces the market development, future development prospects, market space, and production of each country in the world.
Chapter 7: Provides the analysis of various market segments by type, covering the market size and development potential of each market segment, to help readers find the blue ocean market in different market segments.
Chapter 8: Provides the analysis of various market segments by application, covering the market size and development potential of each market segment, to help readers find the blue ocean market in different downstream markets.
Chapter 9: Analysis of industrial chain, including the upstream and downstream of the industry.
Chapter 10: Introduces the market dynamics, latest developments of the market, the driving factors and restrictive factors of the market, the challenges and risks faced by manufacturers in the industry, and the analysis of relevant policies in the industry.
Chapter 11: The main points and conclusions of the report.
The 3-O-Ethyl-L-Ascorbic Acid market size, estimations, and forecasts are provided in terms of output/shipments (Ton) and revenue ($ millions), considering 2022 as the base year, with history and forecast data for the period from 2018 to 2029. This report segments the global 3-O-Ethyl-L-Ascorbic Acid market comprehensively. Regional market sizes, concerning products by types, by application, and by players, are also provided. The influence of COVID-19 and the Russia-Ukraine War were considered while estimating market sizes.
For a more in-depth understanding of the market, the report provides profiles of the competitive landscape, key competitors, and their respective market ranks. The report also discusses technological trends and new product developments.
The report will help the 3-O-Ethyl-L-Ascorbic Acid manufacturers, new entrants, and industry chain related companies in this market with information on the revenues, production, and average price for the overall market and the sub-segments across the different segments, by company, product type, application, and regions.
Key Companies & Market Share Insights
In this section, the readers will gain an understanding of the key players competing. This report has studied the key growth strategies, such as innovative trends and developments, intensification of product portfolio, mergers and acquisitions, collaborations, new product innovation, and geographical expansion, undertaken by these participants to maintain their presence. Apart from business strategies, the study includes current developments and key financials. The readers will also get access to the data related to global revenue, price, and sales by manufacturers for the period 2018-2023. This all-inclusive report will certainly serve the clients to stay updated and make effective decisions in their businesses. Some of the prominent players reviewed in the research report include:
- Bisor Corporation
- Spec-Chem Group
- Greaf
- Yantai Aurora Chemical
- Nippon Fine Chemical
- CosMol
- MCBIOTEC
- GfN&Selco
- CORUM
- Hubei Ataike Biotechnology
- Jinan Beauty Skin Biotechnology
- Onlystar Biotechnology
- Sunchem Pharmaceutical
- Hangzhou Lingeba Technology
- Tianmen Chengyin
- Krishana Enterprises
Global markets are presented by 3-O-Ethyl-L-Ascorbic Acid type, along with growth forecasts through 2029. Estimates on production and value are based on the price in the supply chain at which the 3-O-Ethyl-L-Ascorbic Acid are procured by the manufacturers.
This report has studied every segment and provided the market size using historical data. They have also talked about the growth opportunities that the segment may pose in the future. This study bestows production and revenue data by type, and during the historical period (2018-2023) and forecast period (2024-2029).
3-O-Ethyl-L-Ascorbic Acid segment by Type
- Purity ?98%
- Purity ?99%
- Purity ?99.5%
This report has provided the market size (production and revenue data) by application, during the historical period (2018-2023) and forecast period (2024-2029).
This report also outlines the market trends of each segment and consumer behaviors impacting the 3-O-Ethyl-L-Ascorbic Acid market and what implications these may have on the industry's future. This report can help to understand the relevant market and consumer trends that are driving the 3-O-Ethyl-L-Ascorbic Acid market.
3-O-Ethyl-L-Ascorbic Acid segment by Application
- Cosmetics and Personal Care
- Food Industry
- Pharmaceuticals
This section of the report provides key insights regarding various regions and the key players operating in each region. Economic, social, environmental, technological, and political factors have been taken into consideration while assessing the growth of the particular region/country. The readers will also get their hands on the revenue and sales data of each region and country for the period 2018-2029.
The market has been segmented into various major geographies, including North America, Europe, Asia-Pacific, South America. Detailed analysis of major countries such as the USA, Germany, the U.K., Italy, France, China, Japan, South Korea, Southeast Asia, and India will be covered within the regional segment. For market estimates, data are going to be provided for 2022 because of the base year, with estimates for 2023 and forecast value for 2029.
- North America
- U.S.
- Canada
- Europe
- Germany
- France
- U.K.
- Italy
- Russia
- Asia-Pacific
- China
- Japan
- South Korea
- India
- Australia
- China Taiwan
- Indonesia
- Thailand
- Malaysia
- Latin America
- Mexico
- Brazil
- Argentina
High-impact rendering factors and drivers have been studied in this report to aid the readers to understand the general development. Moreover, the report includes restraints and challenges that may act as stumbling blocks on the way of the players. This will assist the users to be attentive and make informed decisions related to business. Specialists have also laid their focus on the upcoming business prospects.
COVID-19 and Russia-Ukraine War Influence Analysis
The readers in the section will understand how the 3-O-Ethyl-L-Ascorbic Acid market scenario changed across the globe during the pandemic, post-pandemic and Russia-Ukraine War. The study is done keeping in view the changes in aspects such as demand, consumption, transportation, consumer behavior, supply chain management, export and import, and production. The industry experts have also highlighted the key factors that will help create opportunities for players and stabilize the overall industry in the years to come.
Reasons to Buy This Report
This report will help the readers to understand the competition within the industries and strategies for the competitive environment to enhance the potential profit. The report also focuses on the competitive landscape of the global 3-O-Ethyl-L-Ascorbic Acid market, and introduces in detail the market share, industry ranking, competitor ecosystem, market performance, new product development, operation situation, expansion, and acquisition. etc. of the main players, which helps the readers to identify the main competitors and deeply understand the competition pattern of the market.
This report will help stakeholders to understand the global industry status and trends of 3-O-Ethyl-L-Ascorbic Acid and provides them with information on key market drivers, restraints, challenges, and opportunities.
This report will help stakeholders to understand competitors better and gain more insights to strengthen their position in their businesses. The competitive landscape section includes the market share and rank (in volume and value), competitor ecosystem, new product development, expansion, and acquisition.
This report stays updated with novel technology integration, features, and the latest developments in the market
This report helps stakeholders to understand the COVID-19 and Russia-Ukraine War Influence on the 3-O-Ethyl-L-Ascorbic Acid industry.
This report helps stakeholders to gain insights into which regions to target globally
This report helps stakeholders to gain insights into the end-user perception concerning the adoption of 3-O-Ethyl-L-Ascorbic Acid.
This report helps stakeholders to identify some of the key players in the market and understand their valuable contribution.
Core Chapters
Chapter 1: Research objectives, research methods, data sources, data cross-validation;
Chapter 2: Introduces the report scope of the report, executive summary of different market segments (by region, product type, application, etc), including the market size of each market segment, future development potential, and so on. It offers a high-level view of the current state of the market and its likely evolution in the short to mid-term, and long term.
Chapter 3: Detailed analysis of 3-O-Ethyl-L-Ascorbic Acid manufacturers competitive landscape, price, production and value market share, latest development plan, merger, and acquisition information, etc.
Chapter 4: Provides profiles of key players, introducing the basic situation of the main companies in the market in detail, including product production/output, value, price, gross margin, product introduction, recent development, etc.
Chapter 5: Production/output, value of 3-O-Ethyl-L-Ascorbic Acid by region/country. It provides a quantitative analysis of the market size and development potential of each region in the next six years.
Chapter 6: Consumption of 3-O-Ethyl-L-Ascorbic Acid in regional level and country level. It provides a quantitative analysis of the market size and development potential of each region and its main countries and introduces the market development, future development prospects, market space, and production of each country in the world.
Chapter 7: Provides the analysis of various market segments by type, covering the market size and development potential of each market segment, to help readers find the blue ocean market in different market segments.
Chapter 8: Provides the analysis of various market segments by application, covering the market size and development potential of each market segment, to help readers find the blue ocean market in different downstream markets.
Chapter 9: Analysis of industrial chain, including the upstream and downstream of the industry.
Chapter 10: Introduces the market dynamics, latest developments of the market, the driving factors and restrictive factors of the market, the challenges and risks faced by manufacturers in the industry, and the analysis of relevant policies in the industry.
Chapter 11: The main points and conclusions of the report.
1 PREFACE
1.1 Scope of Report
1.2 Reasons for Doing This Study
1.3 Research Methodology
1.4 Research Process
1.5 Data Source
1.5.1 Secondary Sources
1.5.2 Primary Sources
2 MARKET OVERVIEW
2.1 Product Definition
2.2 3-O-Ethyl-L-Ascorbic Acid by Type
2.2.1 Market Value Comparison by Type (2018 VS 2022 VS 2029) & (US$ Million)
1.2.2 Purity ?98%
1.2.3 Purity ?99%
1.2.4 Purity ?99.5%
2.3 3-O-Ethyl-L-Ascorbic Acid by Application
2.3.1 Market Value Comparison by Application (2018 VS 2022 VS 2029) & (US$ Million)
2.3.2 Cosmetics and Personal Care
2.3.3 Food Industry
2.3.4 Pharmaceuticals
2.4 Global Market Growth Prospects
2.4.1 Global 3-O-Ethyl-L-Ascorbic Acid Production Value Estimates and Forecasts (2018-2029)
2.4.2 Global 3-O-Ethyl-L-Ascorbic Acid Production Capacity Estimates and Forecasts (2018-2029)
2.4.3 Global 3-O-Ethyl-L-Ascorbic Acid Production Estimates and Forecasts (2018-2029)
2.4.4 Global 3-O-Ethyl-L-Ascorbic Acid Market Average Price (2018-2029)
3 MARKET COMPETITIVE LANDSCAPE BY MANUFACTURERS
3.1 Global 3-O-Ethyl-L-Ascorbic Acid Production by Manufacturers (2018-2023)
3.2 Global 3-O-Ethyl-L-Ascorbic Acid Production Value by Manufacturers (2018-2023)
3.3 Global 3-O-Ethyl-L-Ascorbic Acid Average Price by Manufacturers (2018-2023)
3.4 Global 3-O-Ethyl-L-Ascorbic Acid Industry Manufacturers Ranking, 2021 VS 2022 VS 2023
3.5 Global 3-O-Ethyl-L-Ascorbic Acid Key Manufacturers, Manufacturing Sites & Headquarters
3.6 Global 3-O-Ethyl-L-Ascorbic Acid Manufacturers, Product Type & Application
3.7 Global 3-O-Ethyl-L-Ascorbic Acid Manufacturers, Date of Enter into This Industry
3.8 Global 3-O-Ethyl-L-Ascorbic Acid Market CR5 and HHI
3.9 Global Manufacturers Mergers & Acquisition
4 MANUFACTURERS PROFILED
4.1 Bisor Corporation
4.1.1 Bisor Corporation 3-O-Ethyl-L-Ascorbic Acid Company Information
4.1.2 Bisor Corporation 3-O-Ethyl-L-Ascorbic Acid Business Overview
4.1.3 Bisor Corporation 3-O-Ethyl-L-Ascorbic Acid Production Capacity, Value and Gross Margin (2018-2023)
4.1.4 Bisor Corporation Product Portfolio
4.1.5 Bisor Corporation Recent Developments
4.2 Spec-Chem Group
4.2.1 Spec-Chem Group 3-O-Ethyl-L-Ascorbic Acid Company Information
4.2.2 Spec-Chem Group 3-O-Ethyl-L-Ascorbic Acid Business Overview
4.2.3 Spec-Chem Group 3-O-Ethyl-L-Ascorbic Acid Production Capacity, Value and Gross Margin (2018-2023)
4.2.4 Spec-Chem Group Product Portfolio
4.2.5 Spec-Chem Group Recent Developments
4.3 Greaf
4.3.1 Greaf 3-O-Ethyl-L-Ascorbic Acid Company Information
4.3.2 Greaf 3-O-Ethyl-L-Ascorbic Acid Business Overview
4.3.3 Greaf 3-O-Ethyl-L-Ascorbic Acid Production Capacity, Value and Gross Margin (2018-2023)
4.3.4 Greaf Product Portfolio
4.3.5 Greaf Recent Developments
4.4 Yantai Aurora Chemical
4.4.1 Yantai Aurora Chemical 3-O-Ethyl-L-Ascorbic Acid Company Information
4.4.2 Yantai Aurora Chemical 3-O-Ethyl-L-Ascorbic Acid Business Overview
4.4.3 Yantai Aurora Chemical 3-O-Ethyl-L-Ascorbic Acid Production Capacity, Value and Gross Margin (2018-2023)
4.4.4 Yantai Aurora Chemical Product Portfolio
4.4.5 Yantai Aurora Chemical Recent Developments
4.5 Nippon Fine Chemical
4.5.1 Nippon Fine Chemical 3-O-Ethyl-L-Ascorbic Acid Company Information
4.5.2 Nippon Fine Chemical 3-O-Ethyl-L-Ascorbic Acid Business Overview
4.5.3 Nippon Fine Chemical 3-O-Ethyl-L-Ascorbic Acid Production Capacity, Value and Gross Margin (2018-2023)
4.5.4 Nippon Fine Chemical Product Portfolio
4.5.5 Nippon Fine Chemical Recent Developments
4.6 CosMol
4.6.1 CosMol 3-O-Ethyl-L-Ascorbic Acid Company Information
4.6.2 CosMol 3-O-Ethyl-L-Ascorbic Acid Business Overview
4.6.3 CosMol 3-O-Ethyl-L-Ascorbic Acid Production Capacity, Value and Gross Margin (2018-2023)
4.6.4 CosMol Product Portfolio
4.6.5 CosMol Recent Developments
4.7 MCBIOTEC
4.7.1 MCBIOTEC 3-O-Ethyl-L-Ascorbic Acid Company Information
4.7.2 MCBIOTEC 3-O-Ethyl-L-Ascorbic Acid Business Overview
4.7.3 MCBIOTEC 3-O-Ethyl-L-Ascorbic Acid Production Capacity, Value and Gross Margin (2018-2023)
4.7.4 MCBIOTEC Product Portfolio
4.7.5 MCBIOTEC Recent Developments
4.8 GfN&Selco
4.8.1 GfN&Selco 3-O-Ethyl-L-Ascorbic Acid Company Information
4.8.2 GfN&Selco 3-O-Ethyl-L-Ascorbic Acid Business Overview
4.8.3 GfN&Selco 3-O-Ethyl-L-Ascorbic Acid Production Capacity, Value and Gross Margin (2018-2023)
4.8.4 GfN&Selco Product Portfolio
4.8.5 GfN&Selco Recent Developments
4.9 CORUM
4.9.1 CORUM 3-O-Ethyl-L-Ascorbic Acid Company Information
4.9.2 CORUM 3-O-Ethyl-L-Ascorbic Acid Business Overview
4.9.3 CORUM 3-O-Ethyl-L-Ascorbic Acid Production Capacity, Value and Gross Margin (2018-2023)
4.9.4 CORUM Product Portfolio
4.9.5 CORUM Recent Developments
4.10 Hubei Ataike Biotechnology
4.10.1 Hubei Ataike Biotechnology 3-O-Ethyl-L-Ascorbic Acid Company Information
4.10.2 Hubei Ataike Biotechnology 3-O-Ethyl-L-Ascorbic Acid Business Overview
4.10.3 Hubei Ataike Biotechnology 3-O-Ethyl-L-Ascorbic Acid Production Capacity, Value and Gross Margin (2018-2023)
4.10.4 Hubei Ataike Biotechnology Product Portfolio
4.10.5 Hubei Ataike Biotechnology Recent Developments
7.11 Jinan Beauty Skin Biotechnology
7.11.1 Jinan Beauty Skin Biotechnology 3-O-Ethyl-L-Ascorbic Acid Company Information
7.11.2 Jinan Beauty Skin Biotechnology 3-O-Ethyl-L-Ascorbic Acid Business Overview
4.11.3 Jinan Beauty Skin Biotechnology 3-O-Ethyl-L-Ascorbic Acid Production Capacity, Value and Gross Margin (2018-2023)
7.11.4 Jinan Beauty Skin Biotechnology Product Portfolio
7.11.5 Jinan Beauty Skin Biotechnology Recent Developments
7.12 Onlystar Biotechnology
7.12.1 Onlystar Biotechnology 3-O-Ethyl-L-Ascorbic Acid Company Information
7.12.2 Onlystar Biotechnology 3-O-Ethyl-L-Ascorbic Acid Business Overview
7.12.3 Onlystar Biotechnology 3-O-Ethyl-L-Ascorbic Acid Production Capacity, Value and Gross Margin (2018-2023)
7.12.4 Onlystar Biotechnology Product Portfolio
7.12.5 Onlystar Biotechnology Recent Developments
7.13 Sunchem Pharmaceutical
7.13.1 Sunchem Pharmaceutical 3-O-Ethyl-L-Ascorbic Acid Company Information
7.13.2 Sunchem Pharmaceutical 3-O-Ethyl-L-Ascorbic Acid Business Overview
7.13.3 Sunchem Pharmaceutical 3-O-Ethyl-L-Ascorbic Acid Production Capacity, Value and Gross Margin (2018-2023)
7.13.4 Sunchem Pharmaceutical Product Portfolio
7.13.5 Sunchem Pharmaceutical Recent Developments
7.14 Hangzhou Lingeba Technology
7.14.1 Hangzhou Lingeba Technology 3-O-Ethyl-L-Ascorbic Acid Company Information
7.14.2 Hangzhou Lingeba Technology 3-O-Ethyl-L-Ascorbic Acid Business Overview
7.14.3 Hangzhou Lingeba Technology 3-O-Ethyl-L-Ascorbic Acid Production Capacity, Value and Gross Margin (2018-2023)
7.14.4 Hangzhou Lingeba Technology Product Portfolio
7.14.5 Hangzhou Lingeba Technology Recent Developments
7.15 Tianmen Chengyin
7.15.1 Tianmen Chengyin 3-O-Ethyl-L-Ascorbic Acid Company Information
7.15.2 Tianmen Chengyin 3-O-Ethyl-L-Ascorbic Acid Business Overview
7.15.3 Tianmen Chengyin 3-O-Ethyl-L-Ascorbic Acid Production Capacity, Value and Gross Margin (2018-2023)
7.15.4 Tianmen Chengyin Product Portfolio
7.15.5 Tianmen Chengyin Recent Developments
7.16 Krishana Enterprises
7.16.1 Krishana Enterprises 3-O-Ethyl-L-Ascorbic Acid Company Information
7.16.2 Krishana Enterprises 3-O-Ethyl-L-Ascorbic Acid Business Overview
7.16.3 Krishana Enterprises 3-O-Ethyl-L-Ascorbic Acid Production Capacity, Value and Gross Margin (2018-2023)
7.16.4 Krishana Enterprises Product Portfolio
7.16.5 Krishana Enterprises Recent Developments
5 GLOBAL 3-O-ETHYL-L-ASCORBIC ACID PRODUCTION BY REGION
5.1 Global 3-O-Ethyl-L-Ascorbic Acid Production Estimates and Forecasts by Region: 2018 VS 2022 VS 2029
5.2 Global 3-O-Ethyl-L-Ascorbic Acid Production by Region: 2018-2029
5.2.1 Global 3-O-Ethyl-L-Ascorbic Acid Production by Region: 2018-2023
5.2.2 Global 3-O-Ethyl-L-Ascorbic Acid Production Forecast by Region (2024-2029)
5.3 Global 3-O-Ethyl-L-Ascorbic Acid Production Value Estimates and Forecasts by Region: 2018 VS 2022 VS 2029
5.4 Global 3-O-Ethyl-L-Ascorbic Acid Production Value by Region: 2018-2029
5.4.1 Global 3-O-Ethyl-L-Ascorbic Acid Production Value by Region: 2018-2023
5.4.2 Global 3-O-Ethyl-L-Ascorbic Acid Production Value Forecast by Region (2024-2029)
5.5 Global 3-O-Ethyl-L-Ascorbic Acid Market Price Analysis by Region (2018-2023)
5.6 Global 3-O-Ethyl-L-Ascorbic Acid Production and Value, YOY Growth
5.6.1 Europe 3-O-Ethyl-L-Ascorbic Acid Production Value Estimates and Forecasts (2018-2029)
5.6.2 China 3-O-Ethyl-L-Ascorbic Acid Production Value Estimates and Forecasts (2018-2029)
5.6.3 Japan 3-O-Ethyl-L-Ascorbic Acid Production Value Estimates and Forecasts (2018-2029)
5.6.4 South Korea 3-O-Ethyl-L-Ascorbic Acid Production Value Estimates and Forecasts (2018-2029)
5.6.5 Taiwan(China) 3-O-Ethyl-L-Ascorbic Acid Production Value Estimates and Forecasts (2018-2029)
6 GLOBAL 3-O-ETHYL-L-ASCORBIC ACID CONSUMPTION BY REGION
6.1 Global 3-O-Ethyl-L-Ascorbic Acid Consumption Estimates and Forecasts by Region: 2018 VS 2022 VS 2029
6.2 Global 3-O-Ethyl-L-Ascorbic Acid Consumption by Region (2018-2029)
6.2.1 Global 3-O-Ethyl-L-Ascorbic Acid Consumption by Region: 2018-2029
6.2.2 Global 3-O-Ethyl-L-Ascorbic Acid Forecasted Consumption by Region (2024-2029)
6.3 North America
6.3.1 North America 3-O-Ethyl-L-Ascorbic Acid Consumption Growth Rate by Country: 2018 VS 2022 VS 2029
6.3.2 North America 3-O-Ethyl-L-Ascorbic Acid Consumption by Country (2018-2029)
6.3.3 U.S.
6.3.4 Canada
6.4 Europe
6.4.1 Europe 3-O-Ethyl-L-Ascorbic Acid Consumption Growth Rate by Country: 2018 VS 2022 VS 2029
6.4.2 Europe 3-O-Ethyl-L-Ascorbic Acid Consumption by Country (2018-2029)
6.4.3 Germany
6.4.4 France
6.4.5 U.K.
6.4.6 Italy
6.4.7 Russia
6.5 Asia Pacific
6.5.1 Asia Pacific 3-O-Ethyl-L-Ascorbic Acid Consumption Growth Rate by Country: 2018 VS 2022 VS 2029
6.5.2 Asia Pacific 3-O-Ethyl-L-Ascorbic Acid Consumption by Country (2018-2029)
6.5.3 China
6.5.4 Japan
6.5.5 South Korea
6.5.6 China Taiwan
6.5.7 Southeast Asia
6.5.8 India
6.5.9 Australia
6.6 Latin America, Middle East & Africa
6.6.1 Latin America, Middle East & Africa 3-O-Ethyl-L-Ascorbic Acid Consumption Growth Rate by Country: 2018 VS 2022 VS 2029
6.6.2 Latin America, Middle East & Africa 3-O-Ethyl-L-Ascorbic Acid Consumption by Country (2018-2029)
6.6.3 Mexico
6.6.4 Brazil
6.6.5 Turkey
6.6.5 GCC Countries
7 SEGMENT BY TYPE
7.1 Global 3-O-Ethyl-L-Ascorbic Acid Production by Type (2018-2029)
7.1.1 Global 3-O-Ethyl-L-Ascorbic Acid Production by Type (2018-2029) & (Ton)
7.1.2 Global 3-O-Ethyl-L-Ascorbic Acid Production Market Share by Type (2018-2029)
7.2 Global 3-O-Ethyl-L-Ascorbic Acid Production Value by Type (2018-2029)
7.2.1 Global 3-O-Ethyl-L-Ascorbic Acid Production Value by Type (2018-2029) & (US$ Million)
7.2.2 Global 3-O-Ethyl-L-Ascorbic Acid Production Value Market Share by Type (2018-2029)
7.3 Global 3-O-Ethyl-L-Ascorbic Acid Price by Type (2018-2029)
8 SEGMENT BY APPLICATION
8.1 Global 3-O-Ethyl-L-Ascorbic Acid Production by Application (2018-2029)
8.1.1 Global 3-O-Ethyl-L-Ascorbic Acid Production by Application (2018-2029) & (Ton)
8.1.2 Global 3-O-Ethyl-L-Ascorbic Acid Production by Application (2018-2029) & (Ton)
8.2 Global 3-O-Ethyl-L-Ascorbic Acid Production Value by Application (2018-2029)
8.2.1 Global 3-O-Ethyl-L-Ascorbic Acid Production Value by Application (2018-2029) & (US$ Million)
8.2.2 Global 3-O-Ethyl-L-Ascorbic Acid Production Value Market Share by Application (2018-2029)
8.3 Global 3-O-Ethyl-L-Ascorbic Acid Price by Application (2018-2029)
9 VALUE CHAIN AND SALES CHANNELS ANALYSIS OF THE MARKET
9.1 3-O-Ethyl-L-Ascorbic Acid Value Chain Analysis
9.1.1 3-O-Ethyl-L-Ascorbic Acid Key Raw Materials
9.1.2 Raw Materials Key Suppliers
9.1.3 3-O-Ethyl-L-Ascorbic Acid Production Mode & Process
9.2 3-O-Ethyl-L-Ascorbic Acid Sales Channels Analysis
9.2.1 Direct Comparison with Distribution Share
9.2.2 3-O-Ethyl-L-Ascorbic Acid Distributors
9.2.3 3-O-Ethyl-L-Ascorbic Acid Customers
10 GLOBAL 3-O-ETHYL-L-ASCORBIC ACID ANALYZING MARKET DYNAMICS
10.1 3-O-Ethyl-L-Ascorbic Acid Industry Trends
10.2 3-O-Ethyl-L-Ascorbic Acid Industry Drivers
10.3 3-O-Ethyl-L-Ascorbic Acid Industry Opportunities and Challenges
10.4 3-O-Ethyl-L-Ascorbic Acid Industry Restraints
11 REPORT CONCLUSION
12 DISCLAIMER
1.1 Scope of Report
1.2 Reasons for Doing This Study
1.3 Research Methodology
1.4 Research Process
1.5 Data Source
1.5.1 Secondary Sources
1.5.2 Primary Sources
2 MARKET OVERVIEW
2.1 Product Definition
2.2 3-O-Ethyl-L-Ascorbic Acid by Type
2.2.1 Market Value Comparison by Type (2018 VS 2022 VS 2029) & (US$ Million)
1.2.2 Purity ?98%
1.2.3 Purity ?99%
1.2.4 Purity ?99.5%
2.3 3-O-Ethyl-L-Ascorbic Acid by Application
2.3.1 Market Value Comparison by Application (2018 VS 2022 VS 2029) & (US$ Million)
2.3.2 Cosmetics and Personal Care
2.3.3 Food Industry
2.3.4 Pharmaceuticals
2.4 Global Market Growth Prospects
2.4.1 Global 3-O-Ethyl-L-Ascorbic Acid Production Value Estimates and Forecasts (2018-2029)
2.4.2 Global 3-O-Ethyl-L-Ascorbic Acid Production Capacity Estimates and Forecasts (2018-2029)
2.4.3 Global 3-O-Ethyl-L-Ascorbic Acid Production Estimates and Forecasts (2018-2029)
2.4.4 Global 3-O-Ethyl-L-Ascorbic Acid Market Average Price (2018-2029)
3 MARKET COMPETITIVE LANDSCAPE BY MANUFACTURERS
3.1 Global 3-O-Ethyl-L-Ascorbic Acid Production by Manufacturers (2018-2023)
3.2 Global 3-O-Ethyl-L-Ascorbic Acid Production Value by Manufacturers (2018-2023)
3.3 Global 3-O-Ethyl-L-Ascorbic Acid Average Price by Manufacturers (2018-2023)
3.4 Global 3-O-Ethyl-L-Ascorbic Acid Industry Manufacturers Ranking, 2021 VS 2022 VS 2023
3.5 Global 3-O-Ethyl-L-Ascorbic Acid Key Manufacturers, Manufacturing Sites & Headquarters
3.6 Global 3-O-Ethyl-L-Ascorbic Acid Manufacturers, Product Type & Application
3.7 Global 3-O-Ethyl-L-Ascorbic Acid Manufacturers, Date of Enter into This Industry
3.8 Global 3-O-Ethyl-L-Ascorbic Acid Market CR5 and HHI
3.9 Global Manufacturers Mergers & Acquisition
4 MANUFACTURERS PROFILED
4.1 Bisor Corporation
4.1.1 Bisor Corporation 3-O-Ethyl-L-Ascorbic Acid Company Information
4.1.2 Bisor Corporation 3-O-Ethyl-L-Ascorbic Acid Business Overview
4.1.3 Bisor Corporation 3-O-Ethyl-L-Ascorbic Acid Production Capacity, Value and Gross Margin (2018-2023)
4.1.4 Bisor Corporation Product Portfolio
4.1.5 Bisor Corporation Recent Developments
4.2 Spec-Chem Group
4.2.1 Spec-Chem Group 3-O-Ethyl-L-Ascorbic Acid Company Information
4.2.2 Spec-Chem Group 3-O-Ethyl-L-Ascorbic Acid Business Overview
4.2.3 Spec-Chem Group 3-O-Ethyl-L-Ascorbic Acid Production Capacity, Value and Gross Margin (2018-2023)
4.2.4 Spec-Chem Group Product Portfolio
4.2.5 Spec-Chem Group Recent Developments
4.3 Greaf
4.3.1 Greaf 3-O-Ethyl-L-Ascorbic Acid Company Information
4.3.2 Greaf 3-O-Ethyl-L-Ascorbic Acid Business Overview
4.3.3 Greaf 3-O-Ethyl-L-Ascorbic Acid Production Capacity, Value and Gross Margin (2018-2023)
4.3.4 Greaf Product Portfolio
4.3.5 Greaf Recent Developments
4.4 Yantai Aurora Chemical
4.4.1 Yantai Aurora Chemical 3-O-Ethyl-L-Ascorbic Acid Company Information
4.4.2 Yantai Aurora Chemical 3-O-Ethyl-L-Ascorbic Acid Business Overview
4.4.3 Yantai Aurora Chemical 3-O-Ethyl-L-Ascorbic Acid Production Capacity, Value and Gross Margin (2018-2023)
4.4.4 Yantai Aurora Chemical Product Portfolio
4.4.5 Yantai Aurora Chemical Recent Developments
4.5 Nippon Fine Chemical
4.5.1 Nippon Fine Chemical 3-O-Ethyl-L-Ascorbic Acid Company Information
4.5.2 Nippon Fine Chemical 3-O-Ethyl-L-Ascorbic Acid Business Overview
4.5.3 Nippon Fine Chemical 3-O-Ethyl-L-Ascorbic Acid Production Capacity, Value and Gross Margin (2018-2023)
4.5.4 Nippon Fine Chemical Product Portfolio
4.5.5 Nippon Fine Chemical Recent Developments
4.6 CosMol
4.6.1 CosMol 3-O-Ethyl-L-Ascorbic Acid Company Information
4.6.2 CosMol 3-O-Ethyl-L-Ascorbic Acid Business Overview
4.6.3 CosMol 3-O-Ethyl-L-Ascorbic Acid Production Capacity, Value and Gross Margin (2018-2023)
4.6.4 CosMol Product Portfolio
4.6.5 CosMol Recent Developments
4.7 MCBIOTEC
4.7.1 MCBIOTEC 3-O-Ethyl-L-Ascorbic Acid Company Information
4.7.2 MCBIOTEC 3-O-Ethyl-L-Ascorbic Acid Business Overview
4.7.3 MCBIOTEC 3-O-Ethyl-L-Ascorbic Acid Production Capacity, Value and Gross Margin (2018-2023)
4.7.4 MCBIOTEC Product Portfolio
4.7.5 MCBIOTEC Recent Developments
4.8 GfN&Selco
4.8.1 GfN&Selco 3-O-Ethyl-L-Ascorbic Acid Company Information
4.8.2 GfN&Selco 3-O-Ethyl-L-Ascorbic Acid Business Overview
4.8.3 GfN&Selco 3-O-Ethyl-L-Ascorbic Acid Production Capacity, Value and Gross Margin (2018-2023)
4.8.4 GfN&Selco Product Portfolio
4.8.5 GfN&Selco Recent Developments
4.9 CORUM
4.9.1 CORUM 3-O-Ethyl-L-Ascorbic Acid Company Information
4.9.2 CORUM 3-O-Ethyl-L-Ascorbic Acid Business Overview
4.9.3 CORUM 3-O-Ethyl-L-Ascorbic Acid Production Capacity, Value and Gross Margin (2018-2023)
4.9.4 CORUM Product Portfolio
4.9.5 CORUM Recent Developments
4.10 Hubei Ataike Biotechnology
4.10.1 Hubei Ataike Biotechnology 3-O-Ethyl-L-Ascorbic Acid Company Information
4.10.2 Hubei Ataike Biotechnology 3-O-Ethyl-L-Ascorbic Acid Business Overview
4.10.3 Hubei Ataike Biotechnology 3-O-Ethyl-L-Ascorbic Acid Production Capacity, Value and Gross Margin (2018-2023)
4.10.4 Hubei Ataike Biotechnology Product Portfolio
4.10.5 Hubei Ataike Biotechnology Recent Developments
7.11 Jinan Beauty Skin Biotechnology
7.11.1 Jinan Beauty Skin Biotechnology 3-O-Ethyl-L-Ascorbic Acid Company Information
7.11.2 Jinan Beauty Skin Biotechnology 3-O-Ethyl-L-Ascorbic Acid Business Overview
4.11.3 Jinan Beauty Skin Biotechnology 3-O-Ethyl-L-Ascorbic Acid Production Capacity, Value and Gross Margin (2018-2023)
7.11.4 Jinan Beauty Skin Biotechnology Product Portfolio
7.11.5 Jinan Beauty Skin Biotechnology Recent Developments
7.12 Onlystar Biotechnology
7.12.1 Onlystar Biotechnology 3-O-Ethyl-L-Ascorbic Acid Company Information
7.12.2 Onlystar Biotechnology 3-O-Ethyl-L-Ascorbic Acid Business Overview
7.12.3 Onlystar Biotechnology 3-O-Ethyl-L-Ascorbic Acid Production Capacity, Value and Gross Margin (2018-2023)
7.12.4 Onlystar Biotechnology Product Portfolio
7.12.5 Onlystar Biotechnology Recent Developments
7.13 Sunchem Pharmaceutical
7.13.1 Sunchem Pharmaceutical 3-O-Ethyl-L-Ascorbic Acid Company Information
7.13.2 Sunchem Pharmaceutical 3-O-Ethyl-L-Ascorbic Acid Business Overview
7.13.3 Sunchem Pharmaceutical 3-O-Ethyl-L-Ascorbic Acid Production Capacity, Value and Gross Margin (2018-2023)
7.13.4 Sunchem Pharmaceutical Product Portfolio
7.13.5 Sunchem Pharmaceutical Recent Developments
7.14 Hangzhou Lingeba Technology
7.14.1 Hangzhou Lingeba Technology 3-O-Ethyl-L-Ascorbic Acid Company Information
7.14.2 Hangzhou Lingeba Technology 3-O-Ethyl-L-Ascorbic Acid Business Overview
7.14.3 Hangzhou Lingeba Technology 3-O-Ethyl-L-Ascorbic Acid Production Capacity, Value and Gross Margin (2018-2023)
7.14.4 Hangzhou Lingeba Technology Product Portfolio
7.14.5 Hangzhou Lingeba Technology Recent Developments
7.15 Tianmen Chengyin
7.15.1 Tianmen Chengyin 3-O-Ethyl-L-Ascorbic Acid Company Information
7.15.2 Tianmen Chengyin 3-O-Ethyl-L-Ascorbic Acid Business Overview
7.15.3 Tianmen Chengyin 3-O-Ethyl-L-Ascorbic Acid Production Capacity, Value and Gross Margin (2018-2023)
7.15.4 Tianmen Chengyin Product Portfolio
7.15.5 Tianmen Chengyin Recent Developments
7.16 Krishana Enterprises
7.16.1 Krishana Enterprises 3-O-Ethyl-L-Ascorbic Acid Company Information
7.16.2 Krishana Enterprises 3-O-Ethyl-L-Ascorbic Acid Business Overview
7.16.3 Krishana Enterprises 3-O-Ethyl-L-Ascorbic Acid Production Capacity, Value and Gross Margin (2018-2023)
7.16.4 Krishana Enterprises Product Portfolio
7.16.5 Krishana Enterprises Recent Developments
5 GLOBAL 3-O-ETHYL-L-ASCORBIC ACID PRODUCTION BY REGION
5.1 Global 3-O-Ethyl-L-Ascorbic Acid Production Estimates and Forecasts by Region: 2018 VS 2022 VS 2029
5.2 Global 3-O-Ethyl-L-Ascorbic Acid Production by Region: 2018-2029
5.2.1 Global 3-O-Ethyl-L-Ascorbic Acid Production by Region: 2018-2023
5.2.2 Global 3-O-Ethyl-L-Ascorbic Acid Production Forecast by Region (2024-2029)
5.3 Global 3-O-Ethyl-L-Ascorbic Acid Production Value Estimates and Forecasts by Region: 2018 VS 2022 VS 2029
5.4 Global 3-O-Ethyl-L-Ascorbic Acid Production Value by Region: 2018-2029
5.4.1 Global 3-O-Ethyl-L-Ascorbic Acid Production Value by Region: 2018-2023
5.4.2 Global 3-O-Ethyl-L-Ascorbic Acid Production Value Forecast by Region (2024-2029)
5.5 Global 3-O-Ethyl-L-Ascorbic Acid Market Price Analysis by Region (2018-2023)
5.6 Global 3-O-Ethyl-L-Ascorbic Acid Production and Value, YOY Growth
5.6.1 Europe 3-O-Ethyl-L-Ascorbic Acid Production Value Estimates and Forecasts (2018-2029)
5.6.2 China 3-O-Ethyl-L-Ascorbic Acid Production Value Estimates and Forecasts (2018-2029)
5.6.3 Japan 3-O-Ethyl-L-Ascorbic Acid Production Value Estimates and Forecasts (2018-2029)
5.6.4 South Korea 3-O-Ethyl-L-Ascorbic Acid Production Value Estimates and Forecasts (2018-2029)
5.6.5 Taiwan(China) 3-O-Ethyl-L-Ascorbic Acid Production Value Estimates and Forecasts (2018-2029)
6 GLOBAL 3-O-ETHYL-L-ASCORBIC ACID CONSUMPTION BY REGION
6.1 Global 3-O-Ethyl-L-Ascorbic Acid Consumption Estimates and Forecasts by Region: 2018 VS 2022 VS 2029
6.2 Global 3-O-Ethyl-L-Ascorbic Acid Consumption by Region (2018-2029)
6.2.1 Global 3-O-Ethyl-L-Ascorbic Acid Consumption by Region: 2018-2029
6.2.2 Global 3-O-Ethyl-L-Ascorbic Acid Forecasted Consumption by Region (2024-2029)
6.3 North America
6.3.1 North America 3-O-Ethyl-L-Ascorbic Acid Consumption Growth Rate by Country: 2018 VS 2022 VS 2029
6.3.2 North America 3-O-Ethyl-L-Ascorbic Acid Consumption by Country (2018-2029)
6.3.3 U.S.
6.3.4 Canada
6.4 Europe
6.4.1 Europe 3-O-Ethyl-L-Ascorbic Acid Consumption Growth Rate by Country: 2018 VS 2022 VS 2029
6.4.2 Europe 3-O-Ethyl-L-Ascorbic Acid Consumption by Country (2018-2029)
6.4.3 Germany
6.4.4 France
6.4.5 U.K.
6.4.6 Italy
6.4.7 Russia
6.5 Asia Pacific
6.5.1 Asia Pacific 3-O-Ethyl-L-Ascorbic Acid Consumption Growth Rate by Country: 2018 VS 2022 VS 2029
6.5.2 Asia Pacific 3-O-Ethyl-L-Ascorbic Acid Consumption by Country (2018-2029)
6.5.3 China
6.5.4 Japan
6.5.5 South Korea
6.5.6 China Taiwan
6.5.7 Southeast Asia
6.5.8 India
6.5.9 Australia
6.6 Latin America, Middle East & Africa
6.6.1 Latin America, Middle East & Africa 3-O-Ethyl-L-Ascorbic Acid Consumption Growth Rate by Country: 2018 VS 2022 VS 2029
6.6.2 Latin America, Middle East & Africa 3-O-Ethyl-L-Ascorbic Acid Consumption by Country (2018-2029)
6.6.3 Mexico
6.6.4 Brazil
6.6.5 Turkey
6.6.5 GCC Countries
7 SEGMENT BY TYPE
7.1 Global 3-O-Ethyl-L-Ascorbic Acid Production by Type (2018-2029)
7.1.1 Global 3-O-Ethyl-L-Ascorbic Acid Production by Type (2018-2029) & (Ton)
7.1.2 Global 3-O-Ethyl-L-Ascorbic Acid Production Market Share by Type (2018-2029)
7.2 Global 3-O-Ethyl-L-Ascorbic Acid Production Value by Type (2018-2029)
7.2.1 Global 3-O-Ethyl-L-Ascorbic Acid Production Value by Type (2018-2029) & (US$ Million)
7.2.2 Global 3-O-Ethyl-L-Ascorbic Acid Production Value Market Share by Type (2018-2029)
7.3 Global 3-O-Ethyl-L-Ascorbic Acid Price by Type (2018-2029)
8 SEGMENT BY APPLICATION
8.1 Global 3-O-Ethyl-L-Ascorbic Acid Production by Application (2018-2029)
8.1.1 Global 3-O-Ethyl-L-Ascorbic Acid Production by Application (2018-2029) & (Ton)
8.1.2 Global 3-O-Ethyl-L-Ascorbic Acid Production by Application (2018-2029) & (Ton)
8.2 Global 3-O-Ethyl-L-Ascorbic Acid Production Value by Application (2018-2029)
8.2.1 Global 3-O-Ethyl-L-Ascorbic Acid Production Value by Application (2018-2029) & (US$ Million)
8.2.2 Global 3-O-Ethyl-L-Ascorbic Acid Production Value Market Share by Application (2018-2029)
8.3 Global 3-O-Ethyl-L-Ascorbic Acid Price by Application (2018-2029)
9 VALUE CHAIN AND SALES CHANNELS ANALYSIS OF THE MARKET
9.1 3-O-Ethyl-L-Ascorbic Acid Value Chain Analysis
9.1.1 3-O-Ethyl-L-Ascorbic Acid Key Raw Materials
9.1.2 Raw Materials Key Suppliers
9.1.3 3-O-Ethyl-L-Ascorbic Acid Production Mode & Process
9.2 3-O-Ethyl-L-Ascorbic Acid Sales Channels Analysis
9.2.1 Direct Comparison with Distribution Share
9.2.2 3-O-Ethyl-L-Ascorbic Acid Distributors
9.2.3 3-O-Ethyl-L-Ascorbic Acid Customers
10 GLOBAL 3-O-ETHYL-L-ASCORBIC ACID ANALYZING MARKET DYNAMICS
10.1 3-O-Ethyl-L-Ascorbic Acid Industry Trends
10.2 3-O-Ethyl-L-Ascorbic Acid Industry Drivers
10.3 3-O-Ethyl-L-Ascorbic Acid Industry Opportunities and Challenges
10.4 3-O-Ethyl-L-Ascorbic Acid Industry Restraints
11 REPORT CONCLUSION
12 DISCLAIMER
