Hydrogen as a Chemical Constituent and as an Energy Source
Report Scope:
This BCC Research report focuses on key hydrogen technologies and applications. It provides data on the size and growth of both captive and merchant hydrogen markets, company profiles, patent trends, and industry trends. Cutting-edge developments, research priorities and potential business opportunities are a key focus.
The report focuses on the following
This BCC Research report focuses on key hydrogen technologies and applications. It provides data on the size and growth of both captive and merchant hydrogen markets, company profiles, patent trends, and industry trends. Cutting-edge developments, research priorities and potential business opportunities are a key focus.
The report focuses on the following
- The structure of the hydrogen industry, its driving forces, its competitive aspects, market segmentation, distribution channels, pricing, and technology.
- Analysis of global market trends, with data for 2017, estimates for 2018 and projections of compound annual growth rates (CAGRs) through 2023.
- Assessment of hydrogen demand, with five-year forecasts.
- Reviews of global environmental and energy regulations.
- Company profiles.
- Patent activity.
- 40 tables
- An overview of the global market for hydrogen as a chemical constituent and as an energy source
- Analyses of global market trends, with data from 2017, 2018, and projections of compound annual growth rates (CAGRs) through 2023.
- Detailed description about cutting-edge developments in areas such as nanotechnology, biological processing, and others
- Identification of key hydrogen technologies and applications that yield potential business opportunities in the hydrogen industry
- Review of global environmental and energy regulations
- Company profiles of the major players of the industry, including Accentus Plc, Advanced Materials Corp., Bloom Energy Corp., Exxonmobil, General Hydrogen, Hydrogenics Corp., Shell Oil, Toshiba Corp., Toyota Motors, Valero Energy Corp., United Hydrogen Group and Ztek Corp.
CHAPTER 1 INTRODUCTION
Study Goals and Objectives
Reasons for Doing This Study
Scope of Report
Information Sources
Methodology
Geographic Breakdown
Analyst's Credentials
BCC Custom Research
Related BCC Research Reports
CHAPTER 2 SUMMARY AND HIGHLIGHTS
CHAPTER 3 MARKET AND TECHNOLOGY BACKGROUND
Overview
History
Production
Natural Gas and Hydrogen
Environmental Benefits of Hydrogen
Government Support
U.S.
European Union
Japan
China
India
Other Countries
Intergovernmental Programs
CHAPTER 4 CURRENT STATUS OF THE INDUSTRY
Safety Profile, Codes, and Standards
Economics
Plant Capital Costs
Role in Oil Refinery Costs
Industry Structure
CHAPTER 5 HYDROGEN PRODUCTION PROCESSES
Principal Technologies
Thermal Processes
Electrolytic Processes
Photolytic Processes
Other Types of Process
Catalysts
CHAPTER 6 HYDROGEN DELIVERY MODES
Overview
Pipelines
Economics of Pipeline Transport
New Materials
Mixed Hydrogen/Natural Gas Pipelines
Other Technical Issues
Tank Trucks, Railcars and Barges
Tube Trailers
Onsite Production
CHAPTER 7 HYDROGEN AND THE GLOBAL SYNGAS BUSINESS
Overview
Syngas Production Methods
World Syngas Capacity
Industry Changes
Regional Distribution
Feedstock Distribution
Product Distribution
CHAPTER 8 GLOBAL HYDROGEN MARKETS
Global Production of Hydrogen
Merchant Hydrogen Production
United States Market
Principal Foreign Markets
CHAPTER 9 HYDROGEN IN PETROLEUM PROCESSING
Overview
Refinery Demand
Alternatives to Hydrogen in Desulfurization
Ultrasonically Assisted Desulfurization
Market Demand
Tar Sands Market
CHAPTER 10 OTHER HYDROGEN ENERGY APPLICATIONS
Direct Combustion of Hydrogen
Internal Combustion Engines
Turbines
Applications
Fuel Cells
Main Technologies
Applications
CHAPTER 11 HYDROGEN AS ENERGY FOR MOBILE APPLICATIONS
Mobile Applications
Fuel Cell Vehicles
Fuel Cell-Powered Buses
Material Handling Equipment
Hydrogen Competitiveness with Gasoline
Storage of Hydrogen for Transportation Applications
Principal Technologies
Composite Cylinders for Compression Less Retail Hydrogen Fueling Stations
Other Technology and Research Areas
U.S. Drive Partnership
CHAPTER 12 HYDROGEN AS A CHEMICAL INTERMEDIATE
Hydrogen for Ammonia Production
Fertilizer
Ammonia Production Capacity in the United States
Effect of Gas Prices on the Ammonia Market
Changes in Ammonia Production Capacity
Production Process Development
CHAPTER 13 PATENT ANALYSIS
Overview
Hydrogen Production
Patents by Technology Type
Major Intellectual Property Portfolios
Hydrogen Storage
Patents by Technology Type
Major Intellectual Property Portfolios
Bulk Hydrogen Distribution
Patents by Type of Technology
Patents by Assignee
Fuel Cells
Patents by Technology Type
Major Intellectual Property Portfolios
Direct Combustion of Hydrogen
Other Hydrogen-Related Technologies
CHAPTER 14 COMPANY PROFILES
ACCENTUS PLC
ACCIONA SA
ADVANCED MATERIALS CORP.
AEROJET ROCKETDYNE HOLDINGS INC.
AIRGAS INC.
L’AIR LIQUIDE SA
AIR PRODUCTS AND CHEMICALS INC.
ALCHEMIX CORP.
ALTERNATIVE FUEL SYSTEMS INC.
ALUMIFUEL POWER CORP.
AMEC FOSTER WHEELER CORP.
AMMINEX A/S
ANDEAVOR
ASIA PACIFIC FUEL CELL TECHNOLOGIES LTD.
ASPEN PRODUCTS GROUP INC.
AVALENCE LLC
BALLARD POWER SYSTEMS
BATTELLE MEMORIAL INSTITUTE
BAYERISCHE MOTOREN WERKE AG
BLOOM ENERGY CORP.
BP PLC
CERAMATEC
CHEVRON
CONOCOPHILLIPS COMPANY
DEER PARK REFINING LTD. PARTNERSHIP
DIVERSIFIED ENERGY CORP.
ECD OVONICS
EDEN INNOVATIONS
E. I. DU PONT DE NEMOURS AND CO.
EPRIDA TECHNOLOGIES
ERGENICS
ETUDES CHEMIQUES ET PHYSIQUES SARL
EQUISTAR CHEMICALS LP
EXXONMOBIL
FLINT HILLS RESOURCES
FUELCELL ENERGY INC.
GAS TECHNOLOGY INSTITUTE (GTI)
GENERAL ATOMICS
GENERAL HYDROGEN
H2SCAN
HALDOR TOPSOE A/S
HCE LLC
HTC PURENERGY
HY9 CORP.
HYDROGENICS CORP.
HYUNDAI MOTORS
HYTHANE CO.
INNOVATEK INC.
INTELLIGENT ENERGY
ITM POWER PLC
IWATANI INTERNATIONAL CORP.
JETSTREAM ENERGY TECHNOLOGIES INC.
LINDE AG
LUXFER GROUP LTD.
MAGNA STEYR AG & CO. KG
MAKEL ENGINEERING INC.
MARKWEST JAVELINA
MATERIALS AND SYSTEMS RESEARCH INC.
MEMBRANE TECHNOLOGY AND RESEARCH INC.
MERITOR INC.
MITSUBISHI HITACHI POWER SYSTEMS LTD.
MLEA INC.
MO-SCI CORP.
MOTIVA ENTERPRISES LLC
NANOMIX INC.
NATIONAL CENTER FOR HYDROGEN TECHNOLOGY
NEL HYDROGEN AS
NUVERA FUEL CELLS LLC
PLUG POWER LLC
PLASTIC OMNIUM GROUP
POWERTECH LABS INC.
PRAXAIR INC.
PROJECT PERFORMANCE CORP.
PROTON ONSITE
PLASTIC OMNIUM GROUP
QUANTUM FUEL SYSTEMS TECHNOLOGIES WORLDWIDE INC.
SECAT INC.
SHELL OIL
SINOPEC MAOMING CO.
SOTACARBO S.P.A.
TECHNIPFMC
TOSHIBA CORP.
TOYOTA MOTORS
UHDE GMBH
UNITED HYDROGEN GROUP
UNIVERSAL INDUSTRIAL GASES INC.
US FUEL CELL
VALERO ENERGY CORP.
WELDSHIP CORP.
WRB REFINERY LLC
XEBEC INC.
YANGTZE ENERGY TECHNOLOGIES INC.
ZTEK CORP.
CHAPTER 15 APPENDIX: HYDROGEN GLOSSARY AND ACRONYMS
Study Goals and Objectives
Reasons for Doing This Study
Scope of Report
Information Sources
Methodology
Geographic Breakdown
Analyst's Credentials
BCC Custom Research
Related BCC Research Reports
CHAPTER 2 SUMMARY AND HIGHLIGHTS
CHAPTER 3 MARKET AND TECHNOLOGY BACKGROUND
Overview
History
Production
Natural Gas and Hydrogen
Environmental Benefits of Hydrogen
Government Support
U.S.
European Union
Japan
China
India
Other Countries
Intergovernmental Programs
CHAPTER 4 CURRENT STATUS OF THE INDUSTRY
Safety Profile, Codes, and Standards
Economics
Plant Capital Costs
Role in Oil Refinery Costs
Industry Structure
CHAPTER 5 HYDROGEN PRODUCTION PROCESSES
Principal Technologies
Thermal Processes
Electrolytic Processes
Photolytic Processes
Other Types of Process
Catalysts
CHAPTER 6 HYDROGEN DELIVERY MODES
Overview
Pipelines
Economics of Pipeline Transport
New Materials
Mixed Hydrogen/Natural Gas Pipelines
Other Technical Issues
Tank Trucks, Railcars and Barges
Tube Trailers
Onsite Production
CHAPTER 7 HYDROGEN AND THE GLOBAL SYNGAS BUSINESS
Overview
Syngas Production Methods
World Syngas Capacity
Industry Changes
Regional Distribution
Feedstock Distribution
Product Distribution
CHAPTER 8 GLOBAL HYDROGEN MARKETS
Global Production of Hydrogen
Merchant Hydrogen Production
United States Market
Principal Foreign Markets
CHAPTER 9 HYDROGEN IN PETROLEUM PROCESSING
Overview
Refinery Demand
Alternatives to Hydrogen in Desulfurization
Ultrasonically Assisted Desulfurization
Market Demand
Tar Sands Market
CHAPTER 10 OTHER HYDROGEN ENERGY APPLICATIONS
Direct Combustion of Hydrogen
Internal Combustion Engines
Turbines
Applications
Fuel Cells
Main Technologies
Applications
CHAPTER 11 HYDROGEN AS ENERGY FOR MOBILE APPLICATIONS
Mobile Applications
Fuel Cell Vehicles
Fuel Cell-Powered Buses
Material Handling Equipment
Hydrogen Competitiveness with Gasoline
Storage of Hydrogen for Transportation Applications
Principal Technologies
Composite Cylinders for Compression Less Retail Hydrogen Fueling Stations
Other Technology and Research Areas
U.S. Drive Partnership
CHAPTER 12 HYDROGEN AS A CHEMICAL INTERMEDIATE
Hydrogen for Ammonia Production
Fertilizer
Ammonia Production Capacity in the United States
Effect of Gas Prices on the Ammonia Market
Changes in Ammonia Production Capacity
Production Process Development
CHAPTER 13 PATENT ANALYSIS
Overview
Hydrogen Production
Patents by Technology Type
Major Intellectual Property Portfolios
Hydrogen Storage
Patents by Technology Type
Major Intellectual Property Portfolios
Bulk Hydrogen Distribution
Patents by Type of Technology
Patents by Assignee
Fuel Cells
Patents by Technology Type
Major Intellectual Property Portfolios
Direct Combustion of Hydrogen
Other Hydrogen-Related Technologies
CHAPTER 14 COMPANY PROFILES
ACCENTUS PLC
ACCIONA SA
ADVANCED MATERIALS CORP.
AEROJET ROCKETDYNE HOLDINGS INC.
AIRGAS INC.
L’AIR LIQUIDE SA
AIR PRODUCTS AND CHEMICALS INC.
ALCHEMIX CORP.
ALTERNATIVE FUEL SYSTEMS INC.
ALUMIFUEL POWER CORP.
AMEC FOSTER WHEELER CORP.
AMMINEX A/S
ANDEAVOR
ASIA PACIFIC FUEL CELL TECHNOLOGIES LTD.
ASPEN PRODUCTS GROUP INC.
AVALENCE LLC
BALLARD POWER SYSTEMS
BATTELLE MEMORIAL INSTITUTE
BAYERISCHE MOTOREN WERKE AG
BLOOM ENERGY CORP.
BP PLC
CERAMATEC
CHEVRON
CONOCOPHILLIPS COMPANY
DEER PARK REFINING LTD. PARTNERSHIP
DIVERSIFIED ENERGY CORP.
ECD OVONICS
EDEN INNOVATIONS
E. I. DU PONT DE NEMOURS AND CO.
EPRIDA TECHNOLOGIES
ERGENICS
ETUDES CHEMIQUES ET PHYSIQUES SARL
EQUISTAR CHEMICALS LP
EXXONMOBIL
FLINT HILLS RESOURCES
FUELCELL ENERGY INC.
GAS TECHNOLOGY INSTITUTE (GTI)
GENERAL ATOMICS
GENERAL HYDROGEN
H2SCAN
HALDOR TOPSOE A/S
HCE LLC
HTC PURENERGY
HY9 CORP.
HYDROGENICS CORP.
HYUNDAI MOTORS
HYTHANE CO.
INNOVATEK INC.
INTELLIGENT ENERGY
ITM POWER PLC
IWATANI INTERNATIONAL CORP.
JETSTREAM ENERGY TECHNOLOGIES INC.
LINDE AG
LUXFER GROUP LTD.
MAGNA STEYR AG & CO. KG
MAKEL ENGINEERING INC.
MARKWEST JAVELINA
MATERIALS AND SYSTEMS RESEARCH INC.
MEMBRANE TECHNOLOGY AND RESEARCH INC.
MERITOR INC.
MITSUBISHI HITACHI POWER SYSTEMS LTD.
MLEA INC.
MO-SCI CORP.
MOTIVA ENTERPRISES LLC
NANOMIX INC.
NATIONAL CENTER FOR HYDROGEN TECHNOLOGY
NEL HYDROGEN AS
NUVERA FUEL CELLS LLC
PLUG POWER LLC
PLASTIC OMNIUM GROUP
POWERTECH LABS INC.
PRAXAIR INC.
PROJECT PERFORMANCE CORP.
PROTON ONSITE
PLASTIC OMNIUM GROUP
QUANTUM FUEL SYSTEMS TECHNOLOGIES WORLDWIDE INC.
SECAT INC.
SHELL OIL
SINOPEC MAOMING CO.
SOTACARBO S.P.A.
TECHNIPFMC
TOSHIBA CORP.
TOYOTA MOTORS
UHDE GMBH
UNITED HYDROGEN GROUP
UNIVERSAL INDUSTRIAL GASES INC.
US FUEL CELL
VALERO ENERGY CORP.
WELDSHIP CORP.
WRB REFINERY LLC
XEBEC INC.
YANGTZE ENERGY TECHNOLOGIES INC.
ZTEK CORP.
CHAPTER 15 APPENDIX: HYDROGEN GLOSSARY AND ACRONYMS
LIST OF TABLES
Summary Table: U.S. Market for Hydrogen Feedstock, Through 2023
Table 1: Hydrogen Production Feedstocks
Table 2: Global Hydrogen Production, by Raw Material, 2017
Table 3: U.S. Department of Energy Hydrogen and Fuel Cell Funding, Fiscal Years 2004-2016
Table 4: Manufacturing R&D Challenges for Distributed Hydrogen Production
Table 5: Hydrogen’s Share of Oil Refinery Fixed and Variable Operating Costs, 2017
Table 6: Top U.S. Refinery Hydrogen Producers Based on Capacity, 2017
Table 7: Thermal Processes for Hydrogen Production
Table 8: Electrolytic Processes for the Production of Hydrogen
Table 9: Photolytic Processes for the Production of Hydrogen
Table 10: Hydrogen Production, by Segment, 2017
Table 11: Global Production of Merchant Hydrogen, by Country/Region, Through 2023
Table 12: U.S. Refinery Hydrogen Production Capacity, by State, 2016
Table 13: U.S. Share of Merchant Hydrogen Production, by Industry, 2017
Table 14: U.S. Share of Merchant Hydrogen Capacity, by Company, 2017
Table 15: U.S. Hydrogen Pipeline Miles, by State, 2006-2016
Table 16: U.S. Hydrogen Pipeline Miles, by Owner, 2016
Table 17: Merchant Liquid and Compressed Gas Hydrogen Production Capacity in the U.S. and Canada, by Company and Location, 2016
Table 18: European Hydrogen Production, 2004-2014
Table 19: European Hydrogen Production, Through 2023
Table 20: European Merchant Liquid and Compressed Gas Hydrogen Production Capacity, by Company and Location, 2017
Table 21: European Hydrogen Pipeline Miles, by Country, 2017
Table 22: Chinese Consumption of Hydrogen, by End Use, 2017
Table 23: Global Ranking of Countries, by Refinery Hydrogen Production Capacity, 2016
Table 24: Global Hydrogen Demand for Refinery Processing Operations, by Region, Through 2023
Table 25: Major Fuel Cell Technologies
Table 26: U.S. Fuel Cell Bus Projects, 2017
Table 27: U.S. Department of Energy Targets for Onboard Hydrogen Storage Systems, 2020 and 2025
Table 28: Hydrogen Storage Technologies
Table 29: U.S. Ammonia Production, 2012-2016
Table 30: Global Ammonia Production, by Country, 2015 and 2016
Table 31: Hydrogen Patents Based on Major Field of Application, 1975–2017*
Table 32: U.S. Hydrogen Production Patents Issued, by Technology Type, 1975-2017*
Table 33: Major Hydrogen Production Intellectual Property Portfolios Issued, 1975-2017*
Table 34: U.S. Hydrogen Storage Patents, by Technology Type, 1975-2017*
Table 35: Major Hydrogen Storage Intellectual Property Portfolios Issued, 1975-2017*
Table 36: U.S. Hydrogen Transmission and Distribution Technology Patents, by Technology Type, 2017
Table 37: U.S. Hydrogen Transmission and Distribution Technology Patents, by Assignee, 2017
Table 38: U.S. Fuel Cell Patents, by Technology Type, 2017*
Table 39: Major Fuel Cell IP Portfolios Issued, 2017
Table 40: Holders of U.S. Hydrogen Sensor Patents, 2017*
Summary Table: U.S. Market for Hydrogen Feedstock, Through 2023
Table 1: Hydrogen Production Feedstocks
Table 2: Global Hydrogen Production, by Raw Material, 2017
Table 3: U.S. Department of Energy Hydrogen and Fuel Cell Funding, Fiscal Years 2004-2016
Table 4: Manufacturing R&D Challenges for Distributed Hydrogen Production
Table 5: Hydrogen’s Share of Oil Refinery Fixed and Variable Operating Costs, 2017
Table 6: Top U.S. Refinery Hydrogen Producers Based on Capacity, 2017
Table 7: Thermal Processes for Hydrogen Production
Table 8: Electrolytic Processes for the Production of Hydrogen
Table 9: Photolytic Processes for the Production of Hydrogen
Table 10: Hydrogen Production, by Segment, 2017
Table 11: Global Production of Merchant Hydrogen, by Country/Region, Through 2023
Table 12: U.S. Refinery Hydrogen Production Capacity, by State, 2016
Table 13: U.S. Share of Merchant Hydrogen Production, by Industry, 2017
Table 14: U.S. Share of Merchant Hydrogen Capacity, by Company, 2017
Table 15: U.S. Hydrogen Pipeline Miles, by State, 2006-2016
Table 16: U.S. Hydrogen Pipeline Miles, by Owner, 2016
Table 17: Merchant Liquid and Compressed Gas Hydrogen Production Capacity in the U.S. and Canada, by Company and Location, 2016
Table 18: European Hydrogen Production, 2004-2014
Table 19: European Hydrogen Production, Through 2023
Table 20: European Merchant Liquid and Compressed Gas Hydrogen Production Capacity, by Company and Location, 2017
Table 21: European Hydrogen Pipeline Miles, by Country, 2017
Table 22: Chinese Consumption of Hydrogen, by End Use, 2017
Table 23: Global Ranking of Countries, by Refinery Hydrogen Production Capacity, 2016
Table 24: Global Hydrogen Demand for Refinery Processing Operations, by Region, Through 2023
Table 25: Major Fuel Cell Technologies
Table 26: U.S. Fuel Cell Bus Projects, 2017
Table 27: U.S. Department of Energy Targets for Onboard Hydrogen Storage Systems, 2020 and 2025
Table 28: Hydrogen Storage Technologies
Table 29: U.S. Ammonia Production, 2012-2016
Table 30: Global Ammonia Production, by Country, 2015 and 2016
Table 31: Hydrogen Patents Based on Major Field of Application, 1975–2017*
Table 32: U.S. Hydrogen Production Patents Issued, by Technology Type, 1975-2017*
Table 33: Major Hydrogen Production Intellectual Property Portfolios Issued, 1975-2017*
Table 34: U.S. Hydrogen Storage Patents, by Technology Type, 1975-2017*
Table 35: Major Hydrogen Storage Intellectual Property Portfolios Issued, 1975-2017*
Table 36: U.S. Hydrogen Transmission and Distribution Technology Patents, by Technology Type, 2017
Table 37: U.S. Hydrogen Transmission and Distribution Technology Patents, by Assignee, 2017
Table 38: U.S. Fuel Cell Patents, by Technology Type, 2017*
Table 39: Major Fuel Cell IP Portfolios Issued, 2017
Table 40: Holders of U.S. Hydrogen Sensor Patents, 2017*
LIST OF FIGURES
Summary Figure: U.S. Market for Hydrogen Feedstock, 2017-2023
Figure 1: U.S. Department of Energy Hydrogen and Fuel Cell Funding, Fiscal Years 2004-2016
Figure 2: Global Hydrogen Production Trends, 2017-2023
Figure 3: United States Merchant Hydrogen Production, 2017-2023
Figure 4: Fuel Cell Principles
Summary Figure: U.S. Market for Hydrogen Feedstock, 2017-2023
Figure 1: U.S. Department of Energy Hydrogen and Fuel Cell Funding, Fiscal Years 2004-2016
Figure 2: Global Hydrogen Production Trends, 2017-2023
Figure 3: United States Merchant Hydrogen Production, 2017-2023
Figure 4: Fuel Cell Principles
