Global Specialty Silicone Membranes Market Status (2015-2019) and Forecast (2020-2024) by Region, Product Type & End-Use

August 2019 | 103 pages | ID: G701D777D64EN
99Strategy

Abstracts

SUMMARY

The report forecast global Specialty Silicone Membranes market to grow to reach xxx Million USD in 2019 with a CAGR of xx% during the period 2020-2024.

The report offers detailed coverage of Specialty Silicone Membranes industry and main market trends. The market research includes historical and forecast market data, demand, application details, price trends, and company shares of the leading Specialty Silicone Membranes by geography. The report splits the market size, by volume and value, on the basis of application type and geography.

First, this report covers the present status and the future prospects of the global Specialty Silicone Membranes market for 2015-2024.

And in this report, we analyze global market from 5 geographies: Asia-Pacific[China, Southeast Asia, India, Japan, Korea, Western Asia], Europe[Germany, UK, France, Italy, Russia, Spain, Netherlands, Turkey, Switzerland], North America[United States, Canada, Mexico], Middle East & Africa[GCC, North Africa, South Africa], South America[Brazil, Argentina, Columbia, Chile, Peru].

At the same time, we classify Specialty Silicone Membranes according to the type, application by geography. More importantly, the report includes major countries market based on the type and application.

Finally, the report provides detailed profile and data information analysis of leading Specialty Silicone Membranes company.

Key Content of Chapters as follows (Including and can be customized) :

Part 1:
Market Overview, Development, and Segment by Type, Application & Region
Part 2:
Company information, Sales, Cost, Margin etc.
Part 3:
Global Market by company, Type, Application & Geography
Part 4:
Asia-Pacific Market by Type, Application & Geography
Part 5:
Europe Market by Type, Application & Geography
Part 6:
North America Market by Type, Application & Geography
Part 7:
South America Market by Type, Application & Geography
Part 8:
Middle East & Africa Market by Type, Application & Geography
Part 9:
Market Features
Part 10:
Investment Opportunity
Part 11:
Conclusion

Market Segment as follows:

By Region

• Asia-Pacific[China, Southeast Asia, India, Japan, Korea, Western Asia]
• Europe[Germany, UK, France, Italy, Russia, Spain, Netherlands, Turkey, Switzerland]
• North America[United States, Canada, Mexico]
• Middle East & Africa[GCC, North Africa, South Africa]
• South America[Brazil, Argentina, Columbia, Chile, Peru]

Key Companies

• AB Specialty Silicones
• Bluestar Silicones
• DOW Corning
• Elkay Chemicals Pvt
• Evonik Industries
• Marsh Bellofram Group
• Modern Silicone
• NuSil Technology

Market by Type

• Color
• Transparent
• Others

Market by Application

• Electronic Products
• Packaging
• Furniture
• Others

Contents

PART 1 MARKET OVERVIEW

1.1 Market Definition
1.2 Market Development
1.3 By Type
1.4 By Application
1.5 By Region

PART 2 KEY COMPANIES

2.1 AB Specialty Silicones
  2.1.1 Company Profile
  2.1.2 Products & Services Overview
  2.1.3 Sales Data List
2.2 Bluestar Silicones
2.3 DOW Corning
2.4 Elkay Chemicals Pvt
2.5 Evonik Industries
2.6 Marsh Bellofram Group
2.7 Modern Silicone
2.8 NuSil Technology

PART 3 GLOBAL MARKET STATUS AND FUTURE FORECAST

3.1 Global Market by Region
3.2 Global Market by Company
3.3 Global Market by Type
3.4 Global Market by Application
3.5 Global Market by Forecast

PART 4 ASIA-PACIFIC MARKET STATUS AND FUTURE FORECAST

4.1 Asia-Pacific Market by Type
4.2 Asia-Pacific Market by Application
4.3 Asia-Pacific Market by Geography
  4.3.1 China Market Status and Future Forecast
  4.3.2 Southeast Asia Market Status and Future Forecast
  4.3.3 India Market Status and Future Forecast
  4.3.4 Japan Market Status and Future Forecast
  4.3.5 Korea Market Status and Future Forecast
  4.3.6 Oceania Market Status and Future Forecast
4.4 Asia-Pacific Market by Forecast

PART 5 EUROPE MARKET STATUS AND FUTURE FORECAST

5.1 Europe Market by Type
5.2 Europe Market by Application
5.3 Europe Market by Geography
  5.3.1 Germany Market Status and Future Forecast
  5.3.2 UK Market Status and Future Forecast
  5.3.3 France Market Status and Future Forecast
  5.3.4 Italy Market Status and Future Forecast
  5.3.5 Russia Market Status and Future Forecast
  5.3.6 Spain Market Status and Future Forecast
  5.3.6 Netherlands Market Status and Future Forecast
  5.3.7 Turkey Market Status and Future Forecast
  5.3.6 Switzerland Market Status and Future Forecast
5.4 Europe Market by Forecast

PART 6 NORTH AMERICA MARKET STATUS AND FUTURE FORECAST

6.1 North America Market by Type
6.2 North America Market by Application
6.3 North America Market by Geography
  6.3.1 United States Market Status and Future Forecast
  6.3.2 Canada Market Status and Future Forecast
  6.3.3 Mexico Market Status and Future Forecast
6.4 North America Market by Forecast

PART 7 SOUTH AMERICA MARKET STATUS AND FUTURE FORECAST

7.1 South America Market by Type
7.2 South America Market by Application
7.3 South America Market by Geography
  7.3.1 Brazil Market Status and Future Forecast
  7.3.2 Argentina Market Status and Future Forecast
  7.3.3 Columbia Market Status and Future Forecast
  7.3.4 Chile Market Status and Future Forecast
  7.3.5 Peru Market Status and Future Forecast
7.4 South America Market by Forecast

PART 8 MIDDLE EAST & AFRICA MARKET STATUS AND FUTURE FORECAST

8.1 Middle East & Africa Market by Type
8.2 Middle East & Africa Market by Application
8.3 Middle East & Africa Market by Geography
  8.3.1 GCC Market Status and Future Forecast
  8.3.2 North Africa Market Status and Future Forecast
  8.3.3 South Africa Market Status and Future Forecast
8.4 Middle East & Africa Market by Forecast

PART 9 MARKET FEATURES

9.1 Product Features
9.2 Price Features
9.3 Channel Features
9.4 Purchasing Features

PART 10 INVESTMENT OPPORTUNITY

10.1 Regional Investment Opportunity
10.2 Industry Investment Opportunity

PART 11 CONCLUSION

List Of Tables

LIST OF TABLES

Table Type of Specialty Silicone Membranes
Table Application of Specialty Silicone Membranes
Table AB Specialty Silicones Overview List
Table Specialty Silicone Membranes Business Operation of AB Specialty Silicones (Sales Revenue, Sales Volume, Price, Cost, Gross Margin)
Table Bluestar Silicones Overview List
Table Specialty Silicone Membranes Business Operation of Bluestar Silicones (Sales Revenue, Sales Volume, Price, Cost, Gross Margin)
Table DOW Corning Overview List
Table Specialty Silicone Membranes Business Operation of DOW Corning (Sales Revenue, Sales Volume, Price, Cost, Gross Margin)
Table Elkay Chemicals Pvt Overview List
Table Specialty Silicone Membranes Business Operation of Elkay Chemicals Pvt (Sales Revenue, Sales Volume, Price, Cost, Gross Margin)
Table Evonik Industries Overview List
Table Specialty Silicone Membranes Business Operation of Evonik Industries (Sales Revenue, Sales Volume, Price, Cost, Gross Margin)
Table Marsh Bellofram Group Overview List
Table Specialty Silicone Membranes Business Operation of Marsh Bellofram Group (Sales Revenue, Sales Volume, Price, Cost, Gross Margin)
Table Modern Silicone Overview List
Table Specialty Silicone Membranes Business Operation of Modern Silicone (Sales Revenue, Sales Volume, Price, Cost, Gross Margin)
Table NuSil Technology Overview List
Table Specialty Silicone Membranes Business Operation of NuSil Technology (Sales Revenue, Sales Volume, Price, Cost, Gross Margin)
Table Global Specialty Silicone Membranes Market by Region, 2015-2019 (Million USD)
Table Global Specialty Silicone Membranes Market by Region, 2015-2019 (Volume)
Table Price List by Region, 2015-2019
Table Global Specialty Silicone Membranes Market by Company, 2015-2019 (Million USD)
Table Global Specialty Silicone Membranes Market by Company, 2015-2019 (Volume)
Table Price List by Company, 2015-2019
Table Global Specialty Silicone Membranes Market by Type, 2015-2019 (Million USD)
Table Global Specialty Silicone Membranes Market by Type, 2015-2019 (Volume)
Table Price List by Type, 2015-2019
Table Global Specialty Silicone Membranes Market by Application, 2015-2019 (Million USD)
Table Global Specialty Silicone Membranes Market by Application, 2015-2019 (Volume)
Table Price List by Application, 2015-2019
Table Asia-Pacific Specialty Silicone Membranes Market by Type, 2015-2019 (Million USD)
Table Asia-Pacific Specialty Silicone Membranes Market by Type, 2015-2019 (Volume)
Table Price List by Type, 2015-2019
Table Asia-Pacific Specialty Silicone Membranes Market by Application, 2015-2019 (Million USD)
Table Asia-Pacific Specialty Silicone Membranes Market by Application, 2015-2019 (Volume)
Table Price List by Application, 2015-2019
Table Europe Specialty Silicone Membranes Market by Type, 2015-2019 (Million USD)
Table Europe Specialty Silicone Membranes Market by Type, 2015-2019 (Volume)
Table Price List by Type, 2015-2019
Table Europe Specialty Silicone Membranes Market by Application, 2015-2019 (Million USD)
Table Europe Specialty Silicone Membranes Market by Application, 2015-2019 (Volume)
Table Price List by Application, 2015-2019
Table North America Specialty Silicone Membranes Market by Type, 2015-2019 (Million USD)
Table North America Specialty Silicone Membranes Market by Type, 2015-2019 (Volume)
Table Price List by Type, 2015-2019
Table North America Specialty Silicone Membranes Market by Application, 2015-2019 (Million USD)
Table North America Specialty Silicone Membranes Market by Application, 2015-2019 (Volume)
Table Price List by Application, 2015-2019
Table South America Specialty Silicone Membranes Market by Type, 2015-2019 (Million USD)
Table South America Specialty Silicone Membranes Market by Type, 2015-2019 (Volume)
Table Price List by Type, 2015-2019
Table South America Specialty Silicone Membranes Market by Application, 2015-2019 (Million USD)
Table South America Specialty Silicone Membranes Market by Application, 2015-2019 (Volume)
Table Price List by Application, 2015-2019
Table Middle East & Africa Specialty Silicone Membranes Market by Type, 2015-2019 (Million USD)
Table Middle East & Africa Specialty Silicone Membranes Market by Type, 2015-2019 (Volume)
Table Price List by Type, 2015-2019
Table Middle East & Africa Specialty Silicone Membranes Market by Application, 2015-2019 (Million USD)
Table Middle East & Africa Specialty Silicone Membranes Market by Application, 2015-2019 (Volume)
Table Price List by Application, 2015-2019

List Of Figures

LIST OF FIGURES


Figure Global Specialty Silicone Membranes Market Share by Type in 2019
Figure Global Specialty Silicone Membranes Market Share by Application in 2019
Figure Global Specialty Silicone Membranes Market Share by Region in 2019
Figure Asia Specialty Silicone Membranes Market Share by Region in 2019
Figure Global Specialty Silicone Membranes Market Share by Region in 2019 (Million USD)
Figure Global Specialty Silicone Membranes Market Share by Region in 2019 (Volume)
Figure Global Specialty Silicone Membranes Market Share by Company in 2019 (Million USD)
Figure Global Specialty Silicone Membranes Market Share by Company in 2019 (Volume)
Figure Global Specialty Silicone Membranes Market Share by Type in 2019 (Million USD)
Figure Global Specialty Silicone Membranes Market Share by Type in 2019 (Volume)
Figure Global Specialty Silicone Membranes Market Share by Application in 2019 (Million USD)
Figure Global Specialty Silicone Membranes Market Share by Application in 2019 (Volume)
Figure Global Specialty Silicone Membranes Market Forecast, 2020-2024 (Million USD)
Figure Global Specialty Silicone Membranes Market Forecast, 2020-2024 (Volume)
Figure Asia-Pacific Specialty Silicone Membranes Market Share by Type in 2019 (Million USD)
Figure Asia-Pacific Specialty Silicone Membranes Market Share by Type in 2019 (Volume)
Figure Asia-Pacific Specialty Silicone Membranes Market Share by Application in 2019 (Million USD)
Figure Asia-Pacific Specialty Silicone Membranes Market Share by Application in 2019 (Volume)
Figure Asia-Pacific Specialty Silicone Membranes Market Forecast, 2020-2024 (Million USD)
Figure Asia-Pacific Specialty Silicone Membranes Market Forecast, 2020-2024 (Volume)
Figure China Specialty Silicone Membranes Market Market Status, 2015-2019 (Million USD)
Figure China Specialty Silicone Membranes Market Market Status, 2015-2019 (Volume)
Figure China Specialty Silicone Membranes Market Forecast, 2020-2024 (Million USD)
Figure China Specialty Silicone Membranes Market Forecast, 2020-2024 (Volume)
Figure Southeast Asia Specialty Silicone Membranes Market Market Status, 2015-2019 (Million USD)
Figure Southeast Asia Specialty Silicone Membranes Market Market Status, 2015-2019 (Volume)
Figure Southeast Asia Specialty Silicone Membranes Market Forecast, 2020-2024 (Million USD)
Figure Southeast Asia Specialty Silicone Membranes Market Forecast, 2020-2024 (Volume)
Figure India Specialty Silicone Membranes Market Market Status, 2015-2019 (Million USD)
Figure India Specialty Silicone Membranes Market Market Status, 2015-2019 (Volume)
Figure India Specialty Silicone Membranes Market Forecast, 2020-2024 (Million USD)
Figure India Specialty Silicone Membranes Market Forecast, 2020-2024 (Volume)
Figure Japan Specialty Silicone Membranes Market Market Status, 2015-2019 (Million USD)
Figure Japan Specialty Silicone Membranes Market Market Status, 2015-2019 (Volume)
Figure Japan Specialty Silicone Membranes Market Forecast, 2020-2024 (Million USD)
Figure Japan Specialty Silicone Membranes Market Forecast, 2020-2024 (Volume)
Figure Korea Specialty Silicone Membranes Market Market Status, 2015-2019 (Million USD)
Figure Korea Specialty Silicone Membranes Market Market Status, 2015-2019 (Volume)
Figure Korea Specialty Silicone Membranes Market Forecast, 2020-2024 (Million USD)
Figure Korea Specialty Silicone Membranes Market Forecast, 2020-2024 (Volume)
Figure Oceania Specialty Silicone Membranes Market Market Status, 2015-2019 (Million USD)
Figure Oceania Specialty Silicone Membranes Market Market Status, 2015-2019 (Volume)
Figure Oceania Specialty Silicone Membranes Market Forecast, 2020-2024 (Million USD)
Figure Oceania Specialty Silicone Membranes Market Forecast, 2020-2024 (Volume)
Figure Europe Specialty Silicone Membranes Market Share by Type in 2019 (Million USD)
Figure Europe Specialty Silicone Membranes Market Share by Type in 2019 (Volume)
Figure Europe Specialty Silicone Membranes Market Share by Application in 2019 (Million USD)
Figure Europe Specialty Silicone Membranes Market Share by Application in 2019 (Volume)
Figure Europe Specialty Silicone Membranes Market Forecast, 2020-2024 (Million USD)
Figure Europe Specialty Silicone Membranes Market Forecast, 2020-2024 (Volume)
Figure Germany Specialty Silicone Membranes Market Market Status, 2015-2019 (Million USD)
Figure Germany Specialty Silicone Membranes Market Market Status, 2015-2019 (Volume)
Figure Germany Specialty Silicone Membranes Market Forecast, 2020-2024 (Million USD)
Figure Germany Specialty Silicone Membranes Market Forecast, 2020-2024 (Volume)
Figure UK Specialty Silicone Membranes Market Market Status, 2015-2019 (Million USD)
Figure UK Specialty Silicone Membranes Market Market Status, 2015-2019 (Volume)
Figure UK Specialty Silicone Membranes Market Forecast, 2020-2024 (Million USD)
Figure UK Specialty Silicone Membranes Market Forecast, 2020-2024 (Volume)
Figure France Specialty Silicone Membranes Market Market Status, 2015-2019 (Million USD)
Figure France Specialty Silicone Membranes Market Market Status, 2015-2019 (Volume)
Figure France Specialty Silicone Membranes Market Forecast, 2020-2024 (Million USD)
Figure France Specialty Silicone Membranes Market Forecast, 2020-2024 (Volume)
Figure Italy Specialty Silicone Membranes Market Market Status, 2015-2019 (Million USD)
Figure Italy Specialty Silicone Membranes Market Market Status, 2015-2019 (Volume)
Figure Italy Specialty Silicone Membranes Market Forecast, 2020-2024 (Million USD)
Figure Italy Specialty Silicone Membranes Market Forecast, 2020-2024 (Volume)
Figure Russia Specialty Silicone Membranes Market Market Status, 2015-2019 (Million USD)
Figure Russia Specialty Silicone Membranes Market Market Status, 2015-2019 (Volume)
Figure Russia Specialty Silicone Membranes Market Forecast, 2020-2024 (Million USD)
Figure Russia Specialty Silicone Membranes Market Forecast, 2020-2024 (Volume)
Figure Spain Specialty Silicone Membranes Market Market Status, 2015-2019 (Million USD)
Figure Spain Specialty Silicone Membranes Market Market Status, 2015-2019 (Volume)
Figure Spain Specialty Silicone Membranes Market Forecast, 2020-2024 (Million USD)
Figure Spain Specialty Silicone Membranes Market Forecast, 2020-2024 (Volume)
Figure Netherlands Specialty Silicone Membranes Market Market Status, 2015-2019 (Million USD)
Figure Netherlands Specialty Silicone Membranes Market Market Status, 2015-2019 (Volume)
Figure Netherlands Specialty Silicone Membranes Market Forecast, 2020-2024 (Million USD)
Figure Netherlands Specialty Silicone Membranes Market Forecast, 2020-2024 (Volume)
Figure Turkey Specialty Silicone Membranes Market Market Status, 2015-2019 (Million USD)
Figure Turkey Specialty Silicone Membranes Market Market Status, 2015-2019 (Volume)
Figure Turkey Specialty Silicone Membranes Market Forecast, 2020-2024 (Million USD)
Figure Turkey Specialty Silicone Membranes Market Forecast, 2020-2024 (Volume)
Figure Switzerland Specialty Silicone Membranes Market Market Status, 2015-2019 (Million USD)
Figure Switzerland Specialty Silicone Membranes Market Market Status, 2015-2019 (Volume)
Figure Switzerland Specialty Silicone Membranes Market Forecast, 2020-2024 (Million USD)
Figure Switzerland Specialty Silicone Membranes Market Forecast, 2020-2024 (Volume)
Figure North America Specialty Silicone Membranes Market Share by Type in 2019 (Million USD)
Figure North America Specialty Silicone Membranes Market Share by Type in 2019 (Volume)
Figure North America Specialty Silicone Membranes Market Share by Application in 2019 (Million USD)
Figure North America Specialty Silicone Membranes Market Share by Application in 2019 (Volume)
Figure North America Specialty Silicone Membranes Market Forecast, 2020-2024 (Million USD)
Figure North America Specialty Silicone Membranes Market Forecast, 2020-2024 (Volume)
Figure United States Specialty Silicone Membranes Market Market Status, 2015-2019 (Million USD)
Figure United States Specialty Silicone Membranes Market Market Status, 2015-2019 (Volume)
Figure United States Specialty Silicone Membranes Market Forecast, 2020-2024 (Million USD)
Figure United States Specialty Silicone Membranes Market Forecast, 2020-2024 (Volume)
Figure Canada Specialty Silicone Membranes Market Market Status, 2015-2019 (Million USD)
Figure Canada Specialty Silicone Membranes Market Market Status, 2015-2019 (Volume)
Figure Canada Specialty Silicone Membranes Market Forecast, 2020-2024 (Million USD)
Figure Canada Specialty Silicone Membranes Market Forecast, 2020-2024 (Volume)
Figure Mexico Specialty Silicone Membranes Market Market Status, 2015-2019 (Million USD)
Figure Mexico Specialty Silicone Membranes Market Market Status, 2015-2019 (Volume)
Figure Mexico Specialty Silicone Membranes Market Forecast, 2020-2024 (Million USD)
Figure Mexico Specialty Silicone Membranes Market Forecast, 2020-2024 (Volume)
Figure South America Specialty Silicone Membranes Market Share by Type in 2019 (Million USD)
Figure South America Specialty Silicone Membranes Market Share by Type in 2019 (Volume)
Figure South America Specialty Silicone Membranes Market Share by Application in 2019 (Million USD)
Figure South America Specialty Silicone Membranes Market Share by Application in 2019 (Volume)
Figure South America Specialty Silicone Membranes Market Forecast, 2020-2024 (Million USD)
Figure South America Specialty Silicone Membranes Market Forecast, 2020-2024 (Volume)
Figure Brazil Specialty Silicone Membranes Market Market Status, 2015-2019 (Million USD)
Figure Brazil Specialty Silicone Membranes Market Market Status, 2015-2019 (Volume)
Figure Brazil Specialty Silicone Membranes Market Forecast, 2020-2024 (Million USD)
Figure Brazil Specialty Silicone Membranes Market Forecast, 2020-2024 (Volume)
Figure Argentina Specialty Silicone Membranes Market Market Status, 2015-2019 (Million USD)
Figure Argentina Specialty Silicone Membranes Market Market Status, 2015-2019 (Volume)
Figure Argentina Specialty Silicone Membranes Market Forecast, 2020-2024 (Million USD)
Figure Argentina Specialty Silicone Membranes Market Forecast, 2020-2024 (Volume)
Figure Columbia Specialty Silicone Membranes Market Market Status, 2015-2019 (Million USD)
Figure Columbia Specialty Silicone Membranes Market Market Status, 2015-2019 (Volume)
Figure Columbia Specialty Silicone Membranes Market Forecast, 2020-2024 (Million USD)
Figure Columbia Specialty Silicone Membranes Market Forecast, 2020-2024 (Volume)
Figure Chile Specialty Silicone Membranes Market Market Status, 2015-2019 (Million USD)
Figure Chile Specialty Silicone Membranes Market Market Status, 2015-2019 (Volume)
Figure Chile Specialty Silicone Membranes Market Forecast, 2020-2024 (Million USD)
Figure Chile Specialty Silicone Membranes Market Forecast, 2020-2024 (Volume)
Figure Peru Specialty Silicone Membranes Market Market Status, 2015-2019 (Million USD)
Figure Peru Specialty Silicone Membranes Market Market Status, 2015-2019 (Volume)
Figure Peru Specialty Silicone Membranes Market Forecast, 2020-2024 (Million USD)
Figure Peru Specialty Silicone Membranes Market Forecast, 2020-2024 (Volume)
Figure Middle East & Africa Specialty Silicone Membranes Market Share by Type in 2019 (Million USD)
Figure Middle East & Africa Specialty Silicone Membranes Market Share by Type in 2019 (Volume)
Figure Middle East & Africa Specialty Silicone Membranes Market Share by Application in 2019 (Million USD)
Figure Middle East & Africa Specialty Silicone Membranes Market Share by Application in 2019 (Volume)
Figure Middle East & Africa Specialty Silicone Membranes Market Forecast, 2020-2024 (Million USD)
Figure Middle East & Africa Specialty Silicone Membranes Market Forecast, 2020-2024 (Volume)
Figure GCC Specialty Silicone Membranes Market Market Status, 2015-2019 (Million USD)
Figure GCC Specialty Silicone Membranes Market Market Status, 2015-2019 (Volume)
Figure GCC Specialty Silicone Membranes Market Forecast, 2020-2024 (Million USD)
Figure GCC Specialty Silicone Membranes Market Forecast, 2020-2024 (Volume)
Figure North Africa Specialty Silicone Membranes Market Market Status, 2015-2019 (Million USD)
Figure North Africa Specialty Silicone Membranes Market Market Status, 2015-2019 (Volume)
Figure North Africa Specialty Silicone Membranes Market Forecast, 2020-2024 (Million USD)
Figure North Africa Specialty Silicone Membranes Market Forecast, 2020-2024 (Volume)
Figure South Africa Specialty Silicone Membranes Market Market Status, 2015-2019 (Million USD)
Figure South Africa Specialty Silicone Membranes Market Market Status, 2015-2019 (Volume)
Figure South Africa Specialty Silicone Membranes Market Forecast, 2020-2024 (Million USD)
Figure South Africa Specialty Silicone Membranes Market Forecast, 2020-2024 (Volume)