Global Ordinary Portland Cement (OPC) Industry Market Analysis & Forecast 2018-2023

July 2019 | 100 pages | ID: GA8B12E98F7EN
S&P Consulting

Abstracts

In the Global Ordinary Portland Cement (OPC) Industry Market Analysis & Forecast 2018-2023, the revenue is valued at USD XX million in 2017 and is expected to reach USD XX million by the end of 2023, growing at a CAGR of XX% between 2018 and 2023. The production is estimated at XX million in 2017 and is forecasted to reach XX million by the end of 2023, growing at a CAGR of XX% between 2018 and 2023.

It covers Regional Segment Analysis, Type, Appliction, Major Manufactures, Industry Chain Analysis, Competitive Insights and Macroeconomic Analysis.

Global Ordinary Portland Cement (OPC) Market: Regional Segment Analysis

• North America
• Europe
• China
• Japan
• Southeast Asia
• India

The Major players reported in the market include:

• company 1
• company 2
• company 3
• company 4
• company 5
• company 6
• company 7
• company 8
• company 9

Global Ordinary Portland Cement (OPC) Market: Product Segment Analysis

• Type 1
• Type 2
• Type 3

Global Ordinary Portland Cement (OPC) Market: Application Segment Analysis

• Application 1
• Application 2
• Application 3

Reasons for Buying this Report

• This report provides pin-point analysis for changing competitive dynamics
• It provides a forward looking perspective on different factors driving or restraining market growth
• It provides a six-year forecast assessed on the basis of how the market is predicted to grow
• It helps in understanding the key product segments and their future
• It provides pin point analysis of changing competition dynamics and keeps you ahead of competitors
• It helps in making informed business decisions by having complete insights of market and by making in-depth analysis of market segments

Contents

Global Ordinary Portland Cement (OPC) Industry Market Analysis & Forecast 2018-2023

CHAPTER 1 ORDINARY PORTLAND CEMENT (OPC) MARKET OVERVIEW

1.1 Product Overview and Scope of Ordinary Portland Cement (OPC)
1.2 Ordinary Portland Cement (OPC) Market Segmentation by Type in 2016
  1.2.1 Global Production Market Share of Ordinary Portland Cement (OPC) by Type in 2016
  1.2.1 Type
  1.2.2 Type
  1.2.3 Type
1.3 Ordinary Portland Cement (OPC) Market Segmentation by Application in 2016
  1.3.1 Ordinary Portland Cement (OPC) Consumption Market Share by Application in 2016
  1.3.2 Application
  1.3.3 Application
  1.3.4 Application
1.4 Ordinary Portland Cement (OPC) Market Segmentation by Regions
  1.4.1 North America
  1.4.2 China
  1.4.3 Europe
  1.4.4 Southeast Asia
  1.4.5 Japan
  1.4.6 India
1.5 Global Market Size (Value) of Ordinary Portland Cement (OPC) (2013-2023)
  1.5.1 Global Product Sales and Growth Rate (2013-2023)
  1.5.2 Global Product Revenue and Growth Rate (2013-2023)

CHAPTER 2 GLOBAL ECONOMIC IMPACT ON ORDINARY PORTLAND CEMENT (OPC) INDUSTRY

2.1 Global Macroeconomic Environment Analysis
  2.1.1 Global Macroeconomic Analysis
  2.1.2 Global Macroeconomic Environment Development Trend
2.2 Global Macroeconomic Environment Analysis by Regions

CHAPTER 3 GLOBAL ORDINARY PORTLAND CEMENT (OPC) MARKET COMPETITION BY MANUFACTURERS

3.1 Global Ordinary Portland Cement (OPC) Production and Share by Manufacturers (2016 and 2017)
3.2 Global Ordinary Portland Cement (OPC) Revenue and Share by Manufacturers (2016 and 2017)
3.3 Global Ordinary Portland Cement (OPC) Average Price by Manufacturers (2016 and 2017)
3.4 Manufacturers Ordinary Portland Cement (OPC) Manufacturing Base Distribution, Production Area and Product Type
3.5 Ordinary Portland Cement (OPC) Market Competitive Situation and Trends
  3.5.1 Ordinary Portland Cement (OPC) Market Concentration Rate
  3.5.2 Ordinary Portland Cement (OPC) Market Share of Top 3 and Top 5 Manufacturers
  3.5.3 Mergers & Acquisitions, Expansion

CHAPTER 4 GLOBAL ORDINARY PORTLAND CEMENT (OPC) PRODUCTION, REVENUE (VALUE) BY REGION (2013-2018)

4.1 Global Ordinary Portland Cement (OPC) Production by Region (2013-2018)
4.2 Global Ordinary Portland Cement (OPC) Production Market Share by Region (2013-2018)
4.3 Global Ordinary Portland Cement (OPC) Revenue (Value) and Market Share by Region (2013-2018)
4.4 Global Ordinary Portland Cement (OPC) Production, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2013-2018)
4.5 North America Ordinary Portland Cement (OPC) Production, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2013-2018)
  4.5.1 North AmericaOrdinary Portland Cement (OPC)Production and Market Share by Manufacturers
  4.5.2 North AmericaOrdinary Portland Cement (OPC)Production and Market Share by Type
  4.5.3 North AmericaOrdinary Portland Cement (OPC)Production and Market Share by Application
4.6 Europe Ordinary Portland Cement (OPC) Production, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2013-2018)
  4.6.1 EuropeOrdinary Portland Cement (OPC)Production and Market Share by Manufacturers
  4.6.2 Europe Ordinary Portland Cement (OPC) Production and Market Share by Type
  4.6.3 Europe Ordinary Portland Cement (OPC) Production and Market Share by Application
4.7 China Ordinary Portland Cement (OPC) Production, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2013-2018)
  4.7.1 ChinaOrdinary Portland Cement (OPC)Production and Market Share by Manufacturers
  4.7.2 China Ordinary Portland Cement (OPC) Production and Market Share by Type
  4.7.3 China Ordinary Portland Cement (OPC) Production and Market Share by Application
4.8 Japan Ordinary Portland Cement (OPC) Production, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2013-2018)
  4.8.1 Japan Ordinary Portland Cement (OPC) Production and Market Share by Manufacturers
  4.8.2 Japan Ordinary Portland Cement (OPC) Production and Market Share by Type
  4.8.3 Japan Ordinary Portland Cement (OPC) Production and Market Share by Application
4.9 Southeast Asia Ordinary Portland Cement (OPC) Production, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2013-2018)
  4.9.1 Southeast Asia Ordinary Portland Cement (OPC) Production and Market Share by Manufacturers
  4.9.2 Southeast Asia Ordinary Portland Cement (OPC) Production and Market Share by Type
  4.9.3 Southeast Asia Ordinary Portland Cement (OPC) Production and Market Share by Application
4.10 India Ordinary Portland Cement (OPC) Production, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2013-2018)
  4.10.1 India Ordinary Portland Cement (OPC) Production and Market Share by Manufacturers
  4.10.2 India Ordinary Portland Cement (OPC) Production and Market Share by Type
  4.10.3 India Ordinary Portland Cement (OPC) Production and Market Share by Application

CHAPTER 5 GLOBAL ORDINARY PORTLAND CEMENT (OPC) SUPPLY (PRODUCTION), CONSUMPTION, EXPORT, IMPORT BY REGIONS (2013-2018)

5.1 Global Ordinary Portland Cement (OPC) Consumption by Regions (2013-2018)
5.2 North America Ordinary Portland Cement (OPC) Production, Consumption, Export, Import by Regions (2013-2018)
5.3 Europe Ordinary Portland Cement (OPC) Production, Consumption, Export, Import by Regions (2013-2018)
5.4 China Ordinary Portland Cement (OPC) Production, Consumption, Export, Import by Regions (2013-2018)
5.5 Japan Ordinary Portland Cement (OPC) Production, Consumption, Export, Import by Regions (2013-2018)
5.6 Southeast Asia Ordinary Portland Cement (OPC) Production, Consumption, Export, Import by Regions (2013-2018)
5.7 India Ordinary Portland Cement (OPC) Production, Consumption, Export, Import by Regions (2013-2018)

CHAPTER 6 GLOBAL ORDINARY PORTLAND CEMENT (OPC) PRODUCTION, REVENUE (VALUE), PRICE TREND BY TYPE

6.1 Global Ordinary Portland Cement (OPC) Production and Market Share by Type (2013-2018)
6.2 Global Ordinary Portland Cement (OPC) Revenue and Market Share by Type (2013-2018)
6.3 Global Ordinary Portland Cement (OPC) Price by Type (2013-2018)
6.4 Global Ordinary Portland Cement (OPC) Production Growth by Type (2013-2018)

CHAPTER 7 GLOBAL ORDINARY PORTLAND CEMENT (OPC) MARKET ANALYSIS BY APPLICATION

7.1 Global Ordinary Portland Cement (OPC) Consumption and Market Share by Application (2013-2018)
7.2 Global Ordinary Portland Cement (OPC) Revenue and Market Share by Type (2013-2018)
7.3 Global Ordinary Portland Cement (OPC) Consumption Growth Rate by Application (2013-2018)
7.4 Market Drivers and Opportunities
  7.4.1 Potential Applications
  7.4.2 Emerging Markets/Countries

CHAPTER 8 GLOBAL ORDINARY PORTLAND CEMENT (OPC) MANUFACTURERS ANALYSIS

8.1 company
  8.1.1 Company Basic Information, Manufacturing Base and Competitors
  8.1.2 Product Type, Application and Specification
  8.1.3 Production, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2013-2018)
  8.1.4 Business Overview
8.2 company
  8.2.1 Company Basic Information, Manufacturing Base and Competitors
  8.2.2 Product Type, Application and Specification
  8.2.3 Production, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2013-2018)
  8.2.4 Business Overview
8.3 company
  8.3.1 Company Basic Information, Manufacturing Base and Competitors
  8.3.2 Product Type, Application and Specification
  8.3.3 Production, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2013-2018)
  8.3.4 Business Overview
8.4 company
  8.4.1 Company Basic Information, Manufacturing Base and Competitors
  8.4.2 Product Type, Application and Specification
  8.4.3 Production, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2013-2018)
  8.4.4 Business Overview
8.5 company
  8.5.1 Company Basic Information, Manufacturing Base and Competitors
  8.5.2 Product Type, Application and Specification
  8.5.3 Production, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2013-2018)
  8.5.4 Business Overview
8.6 company
  8.6.1 Company Basic Information, Manufacturing Base and Competitors
  8.6.2 Product Type, Application and Specification
  8.6.3 Production, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2013-2018)
  8.6.4 Business Overview
8.7 company
  8.7.1 Company Basic Information, Manufacturing Base and Competitors
  8.7.2 Product Type, Application and Specification
  8.7.3 Production, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2013-2018)
  8.7.4 Business Overview
8.8 company
  8.8.1 Company Basic Information, Manufacturing Base and Competitors
  8.8.2 Product Type, Application and Specification
  8.8.3 Production, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2013-2018)
  8.8.4 Business Overview
8.9 company
  8.9.1 Company Basic Information, Manufacturing Base and Competitors
  8.9.2 Product Type, Application and Specification
  8.9.3 Production, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2013-2018)
  8.9.4 Business Overview

CHAPTER 9 ORDINARY PORTLAND CEMENT (OPC) MANUFACTURING COST ANALYSIS

9.1 Ordinary Portland Cement (OPC) Key Raw Materials Analysis
  9.1.1 Key Raw Materials
  9.1.2 Price Trend of Key Raw Materials
  9.1.3 Key Suppliers of Raw Materials
  9.1.4 Market Concentration Rate of Raw Materials
9.2 Proportion of Manufacturing Cost Structure
  9.2.1 Raw Materials
  9.2.2 Labor Cost
  9.2.3 Manufacturing Expenses
9.3 Manufacturing Process Analysis of Ordinary Portland Cement (OPC)

CHAPTER 10 INDUSTRIAL CHAIN, SOURCING STRATEGY AND DOWNSTREAM BUYERS

10.1 Ordinary Portland Cement (OPC) Industrial Chain Analysis
10.2 Upstream Raw Materials Sourcing
10.3 Raw Materials Sources of Ordinary Portland Cement (OPC) Major Manufacturers in 2016
10.4 Downstream Buyers

CHAPTER 11 MARKETING STRATEGY ANALYSIS, DISTRIBUTORS/TRADERS

11.1 Marketing Channel
  11.1.1 Direct Marketing
  11.1.2 Indirect Marketing
  11.1.3 Marketing Channel Development Trend
11.2 Market Positioning
  11.2.1 Pricing Strategy
  11.2.2 Brand Strategy
  11.2.3 Target Client
11.3 Distributors/Traders List

CHAPTER 12 MARKET EFFECT FACTORS ANALYSIS

12.1 Technology Progress/Risk
  12.1.1 Substitutes Threat
  12.1.2 Technology Progress in Related Industry
12.2 Consumer Needs/Customer Preference Change
12.3 Economic/Political Environmental Change

CHAPTER 13 GLOBAL ORDINARY PORTLAND CEMENT (OPC) MARKET FORECAST (2018-2023)

13.1 Global Ordinary Portland Cement (OPC) Production, Revenue Forecast (2018-2023)
13.2 Global Ordinary Portland Cement (OPC) Production, Consumption Forecast by Regions (2018-2023)
13.3 Global Ordinary Portland Cement (OPC) Production Forecast by Type (2018-2023)
13.4 Global Ordinary Portland Cement (OPC) Consumption Forecast by Application (2018-2023)
13.5 Ordinary Portland Cement (OPC) Price Forecast (2018-2023)

CHAPTER 14 APPENDIX

List Of Tables

LIST OF TABLES AND FIGURES

Figure Picture of Ordinary Portland Cement (OPC)
Figure Global Production Market Share of Ordinary Portland Cement (OPC) by Type 2016
Figure Product Picture of Type I
Table Major Manufacturers of Type I
Figure Product Picture of Type II
Table Major Manufacturers of Type II
Figure Product Picture of Type III
Table Major Manufacturers of Type III
Table Ordinary Portland Cement (OPC) Consumption Market Share by Application in 2016
Figure Application 1 Examples
Figure Application 2 Examples
Figure Application 3 Examples
Figure North America Ordinary Portland Cement (OPC) Revenue (Million USD) and Growth Rate (2013-2023)
Figure Europe Ordinary Portland Cement (OPC) Revenue (Million USD) and Growth Rate (2013-2023)
Figure China Ordinary Portland Cement (OPC) Revenue (Million USD) and Growth Rate (2013-2023)
Figure Japan Ordinary Portland Cement (OPC) Revenue (Million USD) and Growth Rate (2013-2023)
Figure Southeast Asia Ordinary Portland Cement (OPC) Revenue (Million USD) and Growth Rate (2013-2023)
Figure India Ordinary Portland Cement (OPC) Revenue (Million USD) and Growth Rate (2013-2023)
Figure Global Ordinary Portland Cement (OPC) Revenue (Million UDS) and Growth Rate (2013-2023)
Table Global Ordinary Portland Cement (OPC) Capacity of Key Manufacturers (2016 and 2017)
Table Global Ordinary Portland Cement (OPC) Capacity Market Share by Manufacturers (2016 and 2017)
Figure Global Ordinary Portland Cement (OPC) Capacity of Key Manufacturers in 2016
Figure Global Ordinary Portland Cement (OPC) Capacity of Key Manufacturers in 2017
Table Global Ordinary Portland Cement (OPC) Production of Key Manufacturers (2016 and 2017)
Table Global Ordinary Portland Cement (OPC) Production Share by Manufacturers (2016 and 2017)
Figure 2015 Ordinary Portland Cement (OPC) Production Share by Manufacturers
Figure 2016 Ordinary Portland Cement (OPC) Production Share by Manufacturers
Table Global Ordinary Portland Cement (OPC) Revenue (Million USD) by Manufacturers (2016 and 2017)
Table Global Ordinary Portland Cement (OPC) Revenue Share by Manufacturers (2016 and 2017)
Table 2015 Global Ordinary Portland Cement (OPC) Revenue Share by Manufacturers
Table 2016 Global Ordinary Portland Cement (OPC) Revenue Share by Manufacturers
Table Global Market Ordinary Portland Cement (OPC) Average Price of Key Manufacturers (2016 and 2017)
Figure Global Market Ordinary Portland Cement (OPC) Average Price of Key Manufacturers in 2016
Table Manufacturers Ordinary Portland Cement (OPC) Manufacturing Base Distribution and Sales Area
Table Manufacturers Ordinary Portland Cement (OPC) Product Type
Figure Ordinary Portland Cement (OPC) Market Share of Top 3 Manufacturers
Figure Ordinary Portland Cement (OPC) Market Share of Top 5 Manufacturers
Table Global Ordinary Portland Cement (OPC) Capacity by Regions (2013-2018)
Figure Global Ordinary Portland Cement (OPC) Capacity Market Share by Regions (2013-2018)
Figure Global Ordinary Portland Cement (OPC) Capacity Market Share by Regions (2013-2018)
Figure 2015 Global Ordinary Portland Cement (OPC) Capacity Market Share by Regions
Table Global Ordinary Portland Cement (OPC) Production by Regions (2013-2018)
Figure Global Ordinary Portland Cement (OPC) Production and Market Share by Regions (2013-2018)
Figure Global Ordinary Portland Cement (OPC) Production Market Share by Regions (2013-2018)
Figure 2015 Global Ordinary Portland Cement (OPC) Production Market Share by Regions
Table Global Ordinary Portland Cement (OPC) Revenue by Regions (2013-2018)
Table Global Ordinary Portland Cement (OPC) Revenue Market Share by Regions (2013-2018)
Table 2015 Global Ordinary Portland Cement (OPC) Revenue Market Share by Regions
Table Global Ordinary Portland Cement (OPC) Production, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2013-2018)
Table North America Ordinary Portland Cement (OPC) Production, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2013-2018)
Table Europe Ordinary Portland Cement (OPC) Production, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2013-2018)
Table China Ordinary Portland Cement (OPC) Production, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2013-2018)
Table Japan Ordinary Portland Cement (OPC) Production, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2013-2018)
Table Southeast Asia Ordinary Portland Cement (OPC) Production, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2013-2018)
Table India Ordinary Portland Cement (OPC) Production, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2013-2018)
Table Global Ordinary Portland Cement (OPC) Consumption Market by Regions (2013-2018)
Table Global Ordinary Portland Cement (OPC) Consumption Market Share by Regions (2013-2018)
Figure Global Ordinary Portland Cement (OPC) Consumption Market Share by Regions (2013-2018)
Figure 2015 Global Ordinary Portland Cement (OPC) Consumption Market Share by Regions
Table North America Ordinary Portland Cement (OPC) Production, Consumption, Import & Export (2013-2018)
Table Europe Ordinary Portland Cement (OPC) Production, Consumption, Import & Export (2013-2018)
Table China Ordinary Portland Cement (OPC) Production, Consumption, Import & Export (2013-2018)
Table Japan Ordinary Portland Cement (OPC) Production, Consumption, Import & Export (2013-2018)
Table Southeast Asia Ordinary Portland Cement (OPC) Production, Consumption, Import & Export (2013-2018)
Table India Ordinary Portland Cement (OPC) Production, Consumption, Import & Export (2013-2018)
Table Global Ordinary Portland Cement (OPC) Production by Type (2013-2018)
Table Global Ordinary Portland Cement (OPC) Production Share by Type (2013-2018)
Figure Production Market Share of Ordinary Portland Cement (OPC) by Type (2013-2018)
Figure 2015 Production Market Share of Ordinary Portland Cement (OPC) by Type
Table Global Ordinary Portland Cement (OPC) Revenue by Type (2013-2018)
Table Global Ordinary Portland Cement (OPC) Revenue Share by Type (2013-2018)
Figure Production Revenue Share of Ordinary Portland Cement (OPC) by Type (2013-2018)
Figure 2015 Revenue Market Share of Ordinary Portland Cement (OPC) by Type
Table Global Ordinary Portland Cement (OPC) Price by Type (2013-2018)
Figure Global Ordinary Portland Cement (OPC) Production Growth by Type (2013-2018)
Table Global Ordinary Portland Cement (OPC) Consumption by Application (2013-2018)
Table Global Ordinary Portland Cement (OPC) Consumption Market Share by Application (2013-2018)
Figure Global Ordinary Portland Cement (OPC) Consumption Market Share by Application in 2016
Table Global Ordinary Portland Cement (OPC) Consumption Growth Rate by Application (2013-2018)
Figure Global Ordinary Portland Cement (OPC) Consumption Growth Rate by Application (2013-2018)
Table company 1 Basic Information, Manufacturing Base, Production Area and Its Competitors
Table company 1 Ordinary Portland Cement (OPC) Production, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2013-2018)
Table company 1 Ordinary Portland Cement (OPC) Market Share (2013-2018)
Table company 2 Basic Information, Manufacturing Base, Production Area and Its Competitors
Table company 2 Ordinary Portland Cement (OPC) Production, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2013-2018)
Table company 2 Ordinary Portland Cement (OPC) Market Share (2013-2018)
Table company 3 Basic Information, Manufacturing Base, Production Area and Its Competitors
Table company 3 Ordinary Portland Cement (OPC) Production, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2013-2018)
Table company 3 Ordinary Portland Cement (OPC) Market Share (2013-2018)
Table company 4 Basic Information, Manufacturing Base, Production Area and Its Competitors
Table company 4 Ordinary Portland Cement (OPC) Production, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2013-2018)
Table company 4 Ordinary Portland Cement (OPC) Market Share (2013-2018)
Table company 5 Basic Information, Manufacturing Base, Production Area and Its Competitors
Table company 5 Ordinary Portland Cement (OPC) Production, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2013-2018)
Table company 5 Ordinary Portland Cement (OPC) Market Share (2013-2018)
Table company 6 Basic Information, Manufacturing Base, Production Area and Its Competitors
Table company 6 Ordinary Portland Cement (OPC) Production, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2013-2018)
Table company 6 Ordinary Portland Cement (OPC) Market Share (2013-2018)
Table company 7 Basic Information, Manufacturing Base, Production Area and Its Competitors
Table company 7 Ordinary Portland Cement (OPC) Production, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2013-2018)
Table company 7 Ordinary Portland Cement (OPC) Market Share (2013-2018)
Table company 8 Basic Information, Manufacturing Base, Production Area and Its Competitors
Table company 8 Ordinary Portland Cement (OPC) Production, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2013-2018)
Table company 8 Ordinary Portland Cement (OPC) Market Share (2013-2018)
Table company 9 Basic Information, Manufacturing Base, Production Area and Its Competitors
Table company 9 Ordinary Portland Cement (OPC) Production, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2013-2018)
Table company 9 Ordinary Portland Cement (OPC) Market Share (2013-2018)
Table Production Base and Market Concentration Rate of Raw Material
Figure Price Trend of Key Raw Materials
Table Key Suppliers of Raw Materials
Figure Manufacturing Cost Structure of Ordinary Portland Cement (OPC)
Figure Manufacturing Process Analysis of Ordinary Portland Cement (OPC)
Figure Ordinary Portland Cement (OPC) Industrial Chain Analysis
Table Raw Materials Sources of Ordinary Portland Cement (OPC) Major Manufacturers in 2016
Table Major Buyers of Ordinary Portland Cement (OPC)
Table Distributors/Traders List
Figure Global Ordinary Portland Cement (OPC) Production and Growth Rate Forecast (2018-2023)
Figure Global Ordinary Portland Cement (OPC) Revenue and Growth Rate Forecast (2018-2023)
Table Global Ordinary Portland Cement (OPC) Production Forecast by Regions (2018-2023)
Table Global Ordinary Portland Cement (OPC) Consumption Forecast by Regions (2018-2023)
Table Global Ordinary Portland Cement (OPC) Production Forecast by Type (2018-2023)
Table Global Ordinary Portland Cement (OPC) Consumption Forecast by Application (2018-2023)