Global Digital Album Market Report 2020
With the slowdown in world economic growth, the Digital Album industry has also suffered a certain impact, but still maintained a relatively optimistic growth, the past four years, Digital Album market size to maintain the average annual growth rate of XXX from (2014 Market size XXXX) million $ in 2014 to (2019 Market size XXXX) million $ in 2019, BisReport analysts believe that in the next few years, Digital Album market size will be further expanded, we expect that by 2024, The market size of the Digital Album will reach (2024 Market size XXXX) million $.
This Report covers the manufacturers’ data, including: shipment, price, revenue, gross profit, interview record, business distribution etc., these data help the consumer know about the competitors better. This report also covers all the regions and countries of the world, which shows a regional development status, including market size, volume and value, as well as price data.
Besides, the report also covers segment data, including: type segment, industry segment, channel segment etc. cover different segment market size, both volume and value. Also cover different industries clients information, which is very important for the manufacturers. If you need more information, please contact BisReport
Section 1: Free——Definition
Section (2 3): 1200 USD——Manufacturer Detail
Spotify
Deezer
Apple
iHeartMedia
Pandora
Gaana
Hungama
Mixcloud
Napster
NetEase
Tencent
Section 4: 900 USD——Region Segmentation
North America Country (United States, Canada)
South America
Asia Country (China, Japan, India, Korea)
Europe Country (Germany, UK, France, Italy)
Other Country (Middle East, Africa, GCC)
Section (5 6 7): 500 USD——
Product Type Segmentation
English Albums
Chinese Albums
French Albums
Spanish Albums
Russian Albums
Industry Segmentation
Woman
Man
Children
Others
Channel (Direct Sales, Distributor) Segmentation
Section 8: 400 USD——Trend (2019-2024)
Section 9: 300 USD——Product Type Detail
Section 10: 700 USD——Downstream Consumer
Section 11: 200 USD——Cost Structure
Section 12: 500 USD——Conclusion
This Report covers the manufacturers’ data, including: shipment, price, revenue, gross profit, interview record, business distribution etc., these data help the consumer know about the competitors better. This report also covers all the regions and countries of the world, which shows a regional development status, including market size, volume and value, as well as price data.
Besides, the report also covers segment data, including: type segment, industry segment, channel segment etc. cover different segment market size, both volume and value. Also cover different industries clients information, which is very important for the manufacturers. If you need more information, please contact BisReport
Section 1: Free——Definition
Section (2 3): 1200 USD——Manufacturer Detail
Spotify
Deezer
Apple
iHeartMedia
Pandora
Gaana
Hungama
Mixcloud
Napster
NetEase
Tencent
Section 4: 900 USD——Region Segmentation
North America Country (United States, Canada)
South America
Asia Country (China, Japan, India, Korea)
Europe Country (Germany, UK, France, Italy)
Other Country (Middle East, Africa, GCC)
Section (5 6 7): 500 USD——
Product Type Segmentation
English Albums
Chinese Albums
French Albums
Spanish Albums
Russian Albums
Industry Segmentation
Woman
Man
Children
Others
Channel (Direct Sales, Distributor) Segmentation
Section 8: 400 USD——Trend (2019-2024)
Section 9: 300 USD——Product Type Detail
Section 10: 700 USD——Downstream Consumer
Section 11: 200 USD——Cost Structure
Section 12: 500 USD——Conclusion
SECTION 1 DIGITAL ALBUM PRODUCT DEFINITION
SECTION 2 GLOBAL DIGITAL ALBUM MARKET MANUFACTURER SHARE AND MARKET OVERVIEW
2.1 Global Manufacturer Digital Album Shipments
2.2 Global Manufacturer Digital Album Business Revenue
2.3 Global Digital Album Market Overview
2.4 COVID-19 Impact on Digital Album Industry
SECTION 3 MANUFACTURER DIGITAL ALBUM BUSINESS INTRODUCTION
3.1 Spotify Digital Album Business Introduction
3.1.1 Spotify Digital Album Shipments, Price, Revenue and Gross profit 2014-2019
3.1.2 Spotify Digital Album Business Distribution by Region
3.1.3 Spotify Interview Record
3.1.4 Spotify Digital Album Business Profile
3.1.5 Spotify Digital Album Product Specification
3.2 Deezer Digital Album Business Introduction
3.2.1 Deezer Digital Album Shipments, Price, Revenue and Gross profit 2014-2019
3.2.2 Deezer Digital Album Business Distribution by Region
3.2.3 Interview Record
3.2.4 Deezer Digital Album Business Overview
3.2.5 Deezer Digital Album Product Specification
3.3 Apple Digital Album Business Introduction
3.3.1 Apple Digital Album Shipments, Price, Revenue and Gross profit 2014-2019
3.3.2 Apple Digital Album Business Distribution by Region
3.3.3 Interview Record
3.3.4 Apple Digital Album Business Overview
3.3.5 Apple Digital Album Product Specification
3.4 iHeartMedia Digital Album Business Introduction
3.5 Pandora Digital Album Business Introduction
3.6 Gaana Digital Album Business Introduction
SECTION 4 GLOBAL DIGITAL ALBUM MARKET SEGMENTATION (REGION LEVEL)
4.1 North America Country
4.1.1 United States Digital Album Market Size and Price Analysis 2014-2019
4.1.2 Canada Digital Album Market Size and Price Analysis 2014-2019
4.2 South America Country
4.2.1 South America Digital Album Market Size and Price Analysis 2014-2019
4.3 Asia Country
4.3.1 China Digital Album Market Size and Price Analysis 2014-2019
4.3.2 Japan Digital Album Market Size and Price Analysis 2014-2019
4.3.3 India Digital Album Market Size and Price Analysis 2014-2019
4.3.4 Korea Digital Album Market Size and Price Analysis 2014-2019
4.4 Europe Country
4.4.1 Germany Digital Album Market Size and Price Analysis 2014-2019
4.4.2 UK Digital Album Market Size and Price Analysis 2014-2019
4.4.3 France Digital Album Market Size and Price Analysis 2014-2019
4.4.4 Italy Digital Album Market Size and Price Analysis 2014-2019
4.4.5 Europe Digital Album Market Size and Price Analysis 2014-2019
4.5 Other Country and Region
4.5.1 Middle East Digital Album Market Size and Price Analysis 2014-2019
4.5.2 Africa Digital Album Market Size and Price Analysis 2014-2019
4.5.3 GCC Digital Album Market Size and Price Analysis 2014-2019
4.6 Global Digital Album Market Segmentation (Region Level) Analysis 2014-2019
4.7 Global Digital Album Market Segmentation (Region Level) Analysis
SECTION 5 GLOBAL DIGITAL ALBUM MARKET SEGMENTATION (PRODUCT TYPE LEVEL)
5.1 Global Digital Album Market Segmentation (Product Type Level) Market Size 2014-2019
5.2 Different Digital Album Product Type Price 2014-2019
5.3 Global Digital Album Market Segmentation (Product Type Level) Analysis
SECTION 6 GLOBAL DIGITAL ALBUM MARKET SEGMENTATION (INDUSTRY LEVEL)
6.1 Global Digital Album Market Segmentation (Industry Level) Market Size 2014-2019
6.2 Different Industry Price 2014-2019
6.3 Global Digital Album Market Segmentation (Industry Level) Analysis
SECTION 7 GLOBAL DIGITAL ALBUM MARKET SEGMENTATION (CHANNEL LEVEL)
7.1 Global Digital Album Market Segmentation (Channel Level) Sales Volume and Share 2014-2019
7.2 Global Digital Album Market Segmentation (Channel Level) Analysis
SECTION 8 DIGITAL ALBUM MARKET FORECAST 2019-2024
8.1 Digital Album Segmentation Market Forecast (Region Level)
8.2 Digital Album Segmentation Market Forecast (Product Type Level)
8.3 Digital Album Segmentation Market Forecast (Industry Level)
8.4 Digital Album Segmentation Market Forecast (Channel Level)
SECTION 9 DIGITAL ALBUM SEGMENTATION PRODUCT TYPE
9.1 English Albums Product Introduction
9.2 Chinese Albums Product Introduction
9.3 French Albums Product Introduction
9.4 Spanish Albums Product Introduction
9.5 Russian Albums Product Introduction
SECTION 10 DIGITAL ALBUM SEGMENTATION INDUSTRY
10.1 Woman Clients
10.2 Man Clients
10.3 Children Clients
10.4 Others Clients
SECTION 11 DIGITAL ALBUM COST OF PRODUCTION ANALYSIS
11.1 Raw Material Cost Analysis
11.2 Technology Cost Analysis
11.3 Labor Cost Analysis
11.4 Cost Overview
SECTION 12 CONCLUSION
SECTION 2 GLOBAL DIGITAL ALBUM MARKET MANUFACTURER SHARE AND MARKET OVERVIEW
2.1 Global Manufacturer Digital Album Shipments
2.2 Global Manufacturer Digital Album Business Revenue
2.3 Global Digital Album Market Overview
2.4 COVID-19 Impact on Digital Album Industry
SECTION 3 MANUFACTURER DIGITAL ALBUM BUSINESS INTRODUCTION
3.1 Spotify Digital Album Business Introduction
3.1.1 Spotify Digital Album Shipments, Price, Revenue and Gross profit 2014-2019
3.1.2 Spotify Digital Album Business Distribution by Region
3.1.3 Spotify Interview Record
3.1.4 Spotify Digital Album Business Profile
3.1.5 Spotify Digital Album Product Specification
3.2 Deezer Digital Album Business Introduction
3.2.1 Deezer Digital Album Shipments, Price, Revenue and Gross profit 2014-2019
3.2.2 Deezer Digital Album Business Distribution by Region
3.2.3 Interview Record
3.2.4 Deezer Digital Album Business Overview
3.2.5 Deezer Digital Album Product Specification
3.3 Apple Digital Album Business Introduction
3.3.1 Apple Digital Album Shipments, Price, Revenue and Gross profit 2014-2019
3.3.2 Apple Digital Album Business Distribution by Region
3.3.3 Interview Record
3.3.4 Apple Digital Album Business Overview
3.3.5 Apple Digital Album Product Specification
3.4 iHeartMedia Digital Album Business Introduction
3.5 Pandora Digital Album Business Introduction
3.6 Gaana Digital Album Business Introduction
SECTION 4 GLOBAL DIGITAL ALBUM MARKET SEGMENTATION (REGION LEVEL)
4.1 North America Country
4.1.1 United States Digital Album Market Size and Price Analysis 2014-2019
4.1.2 Canada Digital Album Market Size and Price Analysis 2014-2019
4.2 South America Country
4.2.1 South America Digital Album Market Size and Price Analysis 2014-2019
4.3 Asia Country
4.3.1 China Digital Album Market Size and Price Analysis 2014-2019
4.3.2 Japan Digital Album Market Size and Price Analysis 2014-2019
4.3.3 India Digital Album Market Size and Price Analysis 2014-2019
4.3.4 Korea Digital Album Market Size and Price Analysis 2014-2019
4.4 Europe Country
4.4.1 Germany Digital Album Market Size and Price Analysis 2014-2019
4.4.2 UK Digital Album Market Size and Price Analysis 2014-2019
4.4.3 France Digital Album Market Size and Price Analysis 2014-2019
4.4.4 Italy Digital Album Market Size and Price Analysis 2014-2019
4.4.5 Europe Digital Album Market Size and Price Analysis 2014-2019
4.5 Other Country and Region
4.5.1 Middle East Digital Album Market Size and Price Analysis 2014-2019
4.5.2 Africa Digital Album Market Size and Price Analysis 2014-2019
4.5.3 GCC Digital Album Market Size and Price Analysis 2014-2019
4.6 Global Digital Album Market Segmentation (Region Level) Analysis 2014-2019
4.7 Global Digital Album Market Segmentation (Region Level) Analysis
SECTION 5 GLOBAL DIGITAL ALBUM MARKET SEGMENTATION (PRODUCT TYPE LEVEL)
5.1 Global Digital Album Market Segmentation (Product Type Level) Market Size 2014-2019
5.2 Different Digital Album Product Type Price 2014-2019
5.3 Global Digital Album Market Segmentation (Product Type Level) Analysis
SECTION 6 GLOBAL DIGITAL ALBUM MARKET SEGMENTATION (INDUSTRY LEVEL)
6.1 Global Digital Album Market Segmentation (Industry Level) Market Size 2014-2019
6.2 Different Industry Price 2014-2019
6.3 Global Digital Album Market Segmentation (Industry Level) Analysis
SECTION 7 GLOBAL DIGITAL ALBUM MARKET SEGMENTATION (CHANNEL LEVEL)
7.1 Global Digital Album Market Segmentation (Channel Level) Sales Volume and Share 2014-2019
7.2 Global Digital Album Market Segmentation (Channel Level) Analysis
SECTION 8 DIGITAL ALBUM MARKET FORECAST 2019-2024
8.1 Digital Album Segmentation Market Forecast (Region Level)
8.2 Digital Album Segmentation Market Forecast (Product Type Level)
8.3 Digital Album Segmentation Market Forecast (Industry Level)
8.4 Digital Album Segmentation Market Forecast (Channel Level)
SECTION 9 DIGITAL ALBUM SEGMENTATION PRODUCT TYPE
9.1 English Albums Product Introduction
9.2 Chinese Albums Product Introduction
9.3 French Albums Product Introduction
9.4 Spanish Albums Product Introduction
9.5 Russian Albums Product Introduction
SECTION 10 DIGITAL ALBUM SEGMENTATION INDUSTRY
10.1 Woman Clients
10.2 Man Clients
10.3 Children Clients
10.4 Others Clients
SECTION 11 DIGITAL ALBUM COST OF PRODUCTION ANALYSIS
11.1 Raw Material Cost Analysis
11.2 Technology Cost Analysis
11.3 Labor Cost Analysis
11.4 Cost Overview
SECTION 12 CONCLUSION
CHART AND FIGURE
Figure Digital Album Product Picture from Spotify
Chart 2014-2019 Global Manufacturer Digital Album Shipments (Units)
Chart 2014-2019 Global Manufacturer Digital Album Shipments Share
Chart 2014-2019 Global Manufacturer Digital Album Business Revenue (Million USD)
Chart 2014-2019 Global Manufacturer Digital Album Business Revenue Share
Chart Spotify Digital Album Shipments, Price, Revenue and Gross profit 2014-2019
Chart Spotify Digital Album Business Distribution
Chart Spotify Interview Record (Partly)
Figure Spotify Digital Album Product Picture
Chart Spotify Digital Album Business Profile
Table Spotify Digital Album Product Specification
Chart Deezer Digital Album Shipments, Price, Revenue and Gross profit 2014-2019
Chart Deezer Digital Album Business Distribution
Chart Deezer Interview Record (Partly)
Figure Deezer Digital Album Product Picture
Chart Deezer Digital Album Business Overview
Table Deezer Digital Album Product Specification
Chart Apple Digital Album Shipments, Price, Revenue and Gross profit 2014-2019
Chart Apple Digital Album Business Distribution
Chart Apple Interview Record (Partly)
Figure Apple Digital Album Product Picture
Chart Apple Digital Album Business Overview
Table Apple Digital Album Product Specification
3.4 iHeartMedia Digital Album Business Introduction
Chart United States Digital Album Sales Volume (Units) and Market Size (Million $) 2014-2019
Chart United States Digital Album Sales Price ($/Unit) 2014-2019
Chart Canada Digital Album Sales Volume (Units) and Market Size (Million $) 2014-2019
Chart Canada Digital Album Sales Price ($/Unit) 2014-2019
Chart South America Digital Album Sales Volume (Units) and Market Size (Million $) 2014-2019
Chart South America Digital Album Sales Price ($/Unit) 2014-2019
Chart China Digital Album Sales Volume (Units) and Market Size (Million $) 2014-2019
Chart China Digital Album Sales Price ($/Unit) 2014-2019
Chart Japan Digital Album Sales Volume (Units) and Market Size (Million $) 2014-2019
Chart Japan Digital Album Sales Price ($/Unit) 2014-2019
Chart India Digital Album Sales Volume (Units) and Market Size (Million $) 2014-2019
Chart India Digital Album Sales Price ($/Unit) 2014-2019
Chart Korea Digital Album Sales Volume (Units) and Market Size (Million $) 2014-2019
Chart Korea Digital Album Sales Price ($/Unit) 2014-2019
Chart Germany Digital Album Sales Volume (Units) and Market Size (Million $) 2014-2019
Chart Germany Digital Album Sales Price ($/Unit) 2014-2019
Chart UK Digital Album Sales Volume (Units) and Market Size (Million $) 2014-2019
Chart UK Digital Album Sales Price ($/Unit) 2014-2019
Chart France Digital Album Sales Volume (Units) and Market Size (Million $) 2014-2019
Chart France Digital Album Sales Price ($/Unit) 2014-2019
Chart Italy Digital Album Sales Volume (Units) and Market Size (Million $) 2014-2019
Chart Italy Digital Album Sales Price ($/Unit) 2014-2019
Chart Europe Digital Album Sales Volume (Units) and Market Size (Million $) 2014-2019
Chart Europe Digital Album Sales Price ($/Unit) 2014-2019
Chart Middle East Digital Album Sales Volume (Units) and Market Size (Million $) 2014-2019
Chart Middle East Digital Album Sales Price ($/Unit) 2014-2019
Chart Africa Digital Album Sales Volume (Units) and Market Size (Million $) 2014-2019
Chart Africa Digital Album Sales Price ($/Unit) 2014-2019
Chart GCC Digital Album Sales Volume (Units) and Market Size (Million $) 2014-2019
Chart GCC Digital Album Sales Price ($/Unit) 2014-2019
Chart Global Digital Album Market Segmentation (Region Level) Sales Volume 2014-2019
Chart Global Digital Album Market Segmentation (Region Level) Market size 2014-2019
Chart Digital Album Market Segmentation (Product Type Level) Volume (Units) 2014-2019
Chart Digital Album Market Segmentation (Product Type Level) Market Size (Million $) 2014-2019
Chart Different Digital Album Product Type Price ($/Unit) 2014-2019
Chart Digital Album Market Segmentation (Industry Level) Market Size (Volume) 2014-2019
Chart Digital Album Market Segmentation (Industry Level) Market Size (Share) 2014-2019
Chart Digital Album Market Segmentation (Industry Level) Market Size (Value) 2014-2019
Chart Global Digital Album Market Segmentation (Channel Level) Sales Volume (Units) 2014-2019
Chart Global Digital Album Market Segmentation (Channel Level) Share 2014-2019
Chart Digital Album Segmentation Market Forecast (Region Level) 2019-2024
Chart Digital Album Segmentation Market Forecast (Product Type Level) 2019-2024
Chart Digital Album Segmentation Market Forecast (Industry Level) 2019-2024
Chart Digital Album Segmentation Market Forecast (Channel Level) 2019-2024
Chart English Albums Product Figure
Chart English Albums Product Advantage and Disadvantage Comparison
Chart Chinese Albums Product Figure
Chart Chinese Albums Product Advantage and Disadvantage Comparison
Chart French Albums Product Figure
Chart French Albums Product Advantage and Disadvantage Comparison
Chart Spanish Albums Product Figure
Chart Spanish Albums Product Advantage and Disadvantage Comparison
Chart Russian Albums Product Figure
Chart Russian Albums Product Advantage and Disadvantage Comparison
Chart Woman Clients
Chart Man Clients
Chart Children Clients
Chart Others Clients
Figure Digital Album Product Picture from Spotify
Chart 2014-2019 Global Manufacturer Digital Album Shipments (Units)
Chart 2014-2019 Global Manufacturer Digital Album Shipments Share
Chart 2014-2019 Global Manufacturer Digital Album Business Revenue (Million USD)
Chart 2014-2019 Global Manufacturer Digital Album Business Revenue Share
Chart Spotify Digital Album Shipments, Price, Revenue and Gross profit 2014-2019
Chart Spotify Digital Album Business Distribution
Chart Spotify Interview Record (Partly)
Figure Spotify Digital Album Product Picture
Chart Spotify Digital Album Business Profile
Table Spotify Digital Album Product Specification
Chart Deezer Digital Album Shipments, Price, Revenue and Gross profit 2014-2019
Chart Deezer Digital Album Business Distribution
Chart Deezer Interview Record (Partly)
Figure Deezer Digital Album Product Picture
Chart Deezer Digital Album Business Overview
Table Deezer Digital Album Product Specification
Chart Apple Digital Album Shipments, Price, Revenue and Gross profit 2014-2019
Chart Apple Digital Album Business Distribution
Chart Apple Interview Record (Partly)
Figure Apple Digital Album Product Picture
Chart Apple Digital Album Business Overview
Table Apple Digital Album Product Specification
3.4 iHeartMedia Digital Album Business Introduction
Chart United States Digital Album Sales Volume (Units) and Market Size (Million $) 2014-2019
Chart United States Digital Album Sales Price ($/Unit) 2014-2019
Chart Canada Digital Album Sales Volume (Units) and Market Size (Million $) 2014-2019
Chart Canada Digital Album Sales Price ($/Unit) 2014-2019
Chart South America Digital Album Sales Volume (Units) and Market Size (Million $) 2014-2019
Chart South America Digital Album Sales Price ($/Unit) 2014-2019
Chart China Digital Album Sales Volume (Units) and Market Size (Million $) 2014-2019
Chart China Digital Album Sales Price ($/Unit) 2014-2019
Chart Japan Digital Album Sales Volume (Units) and Market Size (Million $) 2014-2019
Chart Japan Digital Album Sales Price ($/Unit) 2014-2019
Chart India Digital Album Sales Volume (Units) and Market Size (Million $) 2014-2019
Chart India Digital Album Sales Price ($/Unit) 2014-2019
Chart Korea Digital Album Sales Volume (Units) and Market Size (Million $) 2014-2019
Chart Korea Digital Album Sales Price ($/Unit) 2014-2019
Chart Germany Digital Album Sales Volume (Units) and Market Size (Million $) 2014-2019
Chart Germany Digital Album Sales Price ($/Unit) 2014-2019
Chart UK Digital Album Sales Volume (Units) and Market Size (Million $) 2014-2019
Chart UK Digital Album Sales Price ($/Unit) 2014-2019
Chart France Digital Album Sales Volume (Units) and Market Size (Million $) 2014-2019
Chart France Digital Album Sales Price ($/Unit) 2014-2019
Chart Italy Digital Album Sales Volume (Units) and Market Size (Million $) 2014-2019
Chart Italy Digital Album Sales Price ($/Unit) 2014-2019
Chart Europe Digital Album Sales Volume (Units) and Market Size (Million $) 2014-2019
Chart Europe Digital Album Sales Price ($/Unit) 2014-2019
Chart Middle East Digital Album Sales Volume (Units) and Market Size (Million $) 2014-2019
Chart Middle East Digital Album Sales Price ($/Unit) 2014-2019
Chart Africa Digital Album Sales Volume (Units) and Market Size (Million $) 2014-2019
Chart Africa Digital Album Sales Price ($/Unit) 2014-2019
Chart GCC Digital Album Sales Volume (Units) and Market Size (Million $) 2014-2019
Chart GCC Digital Album Sales Price ($/Unit) 2014-2019
Chart Global Digital Album Market Segmentation (Region Level) Sales Volume 2014-2019
Chart Global Digital Album Market Segmentation (Region Level) Market size 2014-2019
Chart Digital Album Market Segmentation (Product Type Level) Volume (Units) 2014-2019
Chart Digital Album Market Segmentation (Product Type Level) Market Size (Million $) 2014-2019
Chart Different Digital Album Product Type Price ($/Unit) 2014-2019
Chart Digital Album Market Segmentation (Industry Level) Market Size (Volume) 2014-2019
Chart Digital Album Market Segmentation (Industry Level) Market Size (Share) 2014-2019
Chart Digital Album Market Segmentation (Industry Level) Market Size (Value) 2014-2019
Chart Global Digital Album Market Segmentation (Channel Level) Sales Volume (Units) 2014-2019
Chart Global Digital Album Market Segmentation (Channel Level) Share 2014-2019
Chart Digital Album Segmentation Market Forecast (Region Level) 2019-2024
Chart Digital Album Segmentation Market Forecast (Product Type Level) 2019-2024
Chart Digital Album Segmentation Market Forecast (Industry Level) 2019-2024
Chart Digital Album Segmentation Market Forecast (Channel Level) 2019-2024
Chart English Albums Product Figure
Chart English Albums Product Advantage and Disadvantage Comparison
Chart Chinese Albums Product Figure
Chart Chinese Albums Product Advantage and Disadvantage Comparison
Chart French Albums Product Figure
Chart French Albums Product Advantage and Disadvantage Comparison
Chart Spanish Albums Product Figure
Chart Spanish Albums Product Advantage and Disadvantage Comparison
Chart Russian Albums Product Figure
Chart Russian Albums Product Advantage and Disadvantage Comparison
Chart Woman Clients
Chart Man Clients
Chart Children Clients
Chart Others Clients
