Global Chemical Indicator Inks Market Research Report 2016

November 2016 | 110 pages | ID: GCA35B6D3E9EN
QYResearch

Abstracts

Notes:

Production, means the output of Chemical Indicator Inks

Revenue, means the sales value of Chemical Indicator Inks

This report studies Chemical Indicator Inks in Global market, especially in North America, Europe, China, Japan, Southeast Asia and India, focuses on top manufacturers in global market, with capacity, production, price, revenue and market share for each manufacturer, covering

• Riken Chemical Co., Ltd.
• North American Science Associates Inc. (NAMSA)
• SteriTec Products Inc.
• 3M
• Tempil
• NiGK Corporation
• Propper Manufacturing Company, Inc.
• STERIS Corporation (Formerly Innovative Medical Technologies)
• ETIGAM bv
• Terragene SA
• Crosstex International Inc.(subsidiary of Cantel Medical Corporation)
• gke Gmbh

Market Segment by Regions, this report splits Global into several key Regions, with production, consumption, revenue, market share and growth rate of Chemical Indicator Inks in these regions, from 2011 to 2021 (forecast), like

• North America
• Europe
• China
• Japan
• Southeast Asia
• India

Split by product type, with production, revenue, price, market share and growth rate of each type, can be divided into

• Solvent-based
• Water-based
• UV-Cured

Split by application, this report focuses on consumption, market share and growth rate of Chemical Indicator Inks in each application, can be divided into

• Sterile Bags
• Sterile Bottles
• IV & Blood Containers
• Prefillable Syringes
• Thermoformed Trays
• Pouches
• Tapes
• Tags and Labels
• Others (Including Blister Packs, etc.)

Contents

Global Chemical Indicator Inks Market Research Report 2016

1 CHEMICAL INDICATOR INKS MARKET OVERVIEW

1.1 Product Overview and Scope of Chemical Indicator Inks
1.2 Chemical Indicator Inks Segment by Type
  1.2.1 Global Production Market Share of Chemical Indicator Inks by Type in 2015
  1.2.2 Solvent-based
  1.2.3 Water-based
  1.2.4 UV-Cured
1.3 Chemical Indicator Inks Segment by Application
  1.3.1 Chemical Indicator Inks Consumption Market Share by Application in 2015
  1.3.2 Sterile Bags
  1.3.3 Sterile Bottles
  1.3.4 IV & Blood Containers
  1.3.5 Prefillable Syringes
  1.3.6 Thermoformed Trays
  1.3.7 Pouches
  1.3.8 Tapes
  1.3.9 Tags and Labels
  1.3.10 Others (Including Blister Packs, etc.)
1.4 Chemical Indicator Inks Market by Region
  1.4.1 North America Status and Prospect (2011-2021)
  1.4.2 Europe Status and Prospect (2011-2021)
  1.4.3 China Status and Prospect (2011-2021)
  1.4.4 Japan Status and Prospect (2011-2021)
  1.4.5 Southeast Asia Status and Prospect (2011-2021)
  1.4.6 India Status and Prospect (2011-2021)
1.5 Global Market Size (Value) of Chemical Indicator Inks (2011-2021)

2 GLOBAL CHEMICAL INDICATOR INKS MARKET COMPETITION BY MANUFACTURERS

2.1 Global Chemical Indicator Inks Capacity, Production and Share by Manufacturers (2015 and 2016)
2.2 Global Chemical Indicator Inks Revenue and Share by Manufacturers (2015 and 2016)
2.3 Global Chemical Indicator Inks Average Price by Manufacturers (2015 and 2016)
2.4 Manufacturers Chemical Indicator Inks Manufacturing Base Distribution, Sales Area and Product Type
2.5 Chemical Indicator Inks Market Competitive Situation and Trends
  2.5.1 Chemical Indicator Inks Market Concentration Rate
  2.5.2 Chemical Indicator Inks Market Share of Top 3 and Top 5 Manufacturers
  2.5.3 Mergers & Acquisitions, Expansion

3 GLOBAL CHEMICAL INDICATOR INKS CAPACITY, PRODUCTION, REVENUE (VALUE) BY REGION (2011-2016)

3.1 Global Chemical Indicator Inks Capacity and Market Share by Region (2011-2016)
3.2 Global Chemical Indicator Inks Production and Market Share by Region (2011-2016)
3.3 Global Chemical Indicator Inks Revenue (Value) and Market Share by Region (2011-2016)
3.4 Global Chemical Indicator Inks Capacity, Production, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2011-2016)
3.5 North America Chemical Indicator Inks Capacity, Production, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2011-2016)
3.6 Europe Chemical Indicator Inks Capacity, Production, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2011-2016)
3.7 China Chemical Indicator Inks Capacity, Production, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2011-2016)
3.8 Japan Chemical Indicator Inks Capacity, Production, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2011-2016)
3.9 Southeast Asia Chemical Indicator Inks Capacity, Production, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2011-2016)
3.10 India Chemical Indicator Inks Capacity, Production, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2011-2016)

4 GLOBAL CHEMICAL INDICATOR INKS SUPPLY (PRODUCTION), CONSUMPTION, EXPORT, IMPORT BY REGIONS (2011-2016)

4.1 Global Chemical Indicator Inks Consumption by Regions (2011-2016)
4.2 North America Chemical Indicator Inks Production, Consumption, Export, Import by Regions (2011-2016)
4.3 Europe Chemical Indicator Inks Production, Consumption, Export, Import by Regions (2011-2016)
4.4 China Chemical Indicator Inks Production, Consumption, Export, Import by Regions (2011-2016)
4.5 Japan Chemical Indicator Inks Production, Consumption, Export, Import by Regions (2011-2016)
4.6 Southeast Asia Chemical Indicator Inks Production, Consumption, Export, Import by Regions (2011-2016)
4.7 India Chemical Indicator Inks Production, Consumption, Export, Import by Regions (2011-2016)

5 GLOBAL CHEMICAL INDICATOR INKS PRODUCTION, REVENUE (VALUE), PRICE TREND BY TYPE

5.1 Global Chemical Indicator Inks Production and Market Share by Type (2011-2016)
5.2 Global Chemical Indicator Inks Revenue and Market Share by Type (2011-2016)
5.3 Global Chemical Indicator Inks Price by Type (2011-2016)
5.4 Global Chemical Indicator Inks Production Growth by Type (2011-2016)

6 GLOBAL CHEMICAL INDICATOR INKS MARKET ANALYSIS BY APPLICATION

6.1 Global Chemical Indicator Inks Consumption and Market Share by Application (2011-2016)
6.2 Global Chemical Indicator Inks Consumption Growth Rate by Application (2011-2016)
6.3 Market Drivers and Opportunities
  6.3.1 Potential Applications
  6.3.2 Emerging Markets/Countries

7 GLOBAL CHEMICAL INDICATOR INKS MANUFACTURERS PROFILES/ANALYSIS

7.1 Riken Chemical Co., Ltd.
  7.1.1 Company Basic Information, Manufacturing Base and Its Competitors
  7.1.2 Chemical Indicator Inks Product Type, Application and Specification
    7.1.2.1 Type I
    7.1.2.2 Type II
  7.1.3 Riken Chemical Co., Ltd. Chemical Indicator Inks Capacity, Production, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2015 and 2016)
  7.1.4 Main Business/Business Overview
7.2 North American Science Associates Inc. (NAMSA)
  7.2.1 Company Basic Information, Manufacturing Base and Its Competitors
  7.2.2 Chemical Indicator Inks Product Type, Application and Specification
    7.2.2.1 Type I
    7.2.2.2 Type II
  7.2.3 North American Science Associates Inc. (NAMSA) Chemical Indicator Inks Capacity, Production, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2015 and 2016)
  7.2.4 Main Business/Business Overview
7.3 SteriTec Products Inc.
  7.3.1 Company Basic Information, Manufacturing Base and Its Competitors
  7.3.2 Chemical Indicator Inks Product Type, Application and Specification
    7.3.2.1 Type I
    7.3.2.2 Type II
  7.3.3 SteriTec Products Inc. Chemical Indicator Inks Capacity, Production, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2015 and 2016)
  7.3.4 Main Business/Business Overview
7.4 3M
  7.4.1 Company Basic Information, Manufacturing Base and Its Competitors
  7.4.2 Chemical Indicator Inks Product Type, Application and Specification
    7.4.2.1 Type I
    7.4.2.2 Type II
  7.4.3 3M Chemical Indicator Inks Capacity, Production, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2015 and 2016)
  7.4.4 Main Business/Business Overview
7.5 Tempil
  7.5.1 Company Basic Information, Manufacturing Base and Its Competitors
  7.5.2 Chemical Indicator Inks Product Type, Application and Specification
    7.5.2.1 Type I
    7.5.2.2 Type II
  7.5.3 Tempil Chemical Indicator Inks Capacity, Production, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2015 and 2016)
  7.5.4 Main Business/Business Overview
7.6 NiGK Corporation
  7.6.1 Company Basic Information, Manufacturing Base and Its Competitors
  7.6.2 Chemical Indicator Inks Product Type, Application and Specification
    7.6.2.1 Type I
    7.6.2.2 Type II
  7.6.3 NiGK Corporation Chemical Indicator Inks Capacity, Production, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2015 and 2016)
  7.6.4 Main Business/Business Overview
7.7 Propper Manufacturing Company, Inc.
  7.7.1 Company Basic Information, Manufacturing Base and Its Competitors
  7.7.2 Chemical Indicator Inks Product Type, Application and Specification
    7.7.2.1 Type I
    7.7.2.2 Type II
  7.7.3 Propper Manufacturing Company, Inc. Chemical Indicator Inks Capacity, Production, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2015 and 2016)
  7.7.4 Main Business/Business Overview
7.8 STERIS Corporation (Formerly Innovative Medical Technologies)
  7.8.1 Company Basic Information, Manufacturing Base and Its Competitors
  7.8.2 Chemical Indicator Inks Product Type, Application and Specification
    7.8.2.1 Type I
    7.8.2.2 Type II
  7.8.3 STERIS Corporation (Formerly Innovative Medical Technologies) Chemical Indicator Inks Capacity, Production, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2015 and 2016)
  7.8.4 Main Business/Business Overview
7.9 ETIGAM bv
  7.9.1 Company Basic Information, Manufacturing Base and Its Competitors
  7.9.2 Chemical Indicator Inks Product Type, Application and Specification
    7.9.2.1 Type I
    7.9.2.2 Type II
  7.9.3 ETIGAM bv Chemical Indicator Inks Capacity, Production, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2015 and 2016)
  7.9.4 Main Business/Business Overview
7.10 Terragene SA
  7.10.1 Company Basic Information, Manufacturing Base and Its Competitors
  7.10.2 Chemical Indicator Inks Product Type, Application and Specification
    7.10.2.1 Type I
    7.10.2.2 Type II
  7.10.3 Terragene SA Chemical Indicator Inks Capacity, Production, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2015 and 2016)
  7.10.4 Main Business/Business Overview
7.11 Crosstex International Inc.(subsidiary of Cantel Medical Corporation)
7.12 gke Gmbh

8 CHEMICAL INDICATOR INKS MANUFACTURING COST ANALYSIS

8.1 Chemical Indicator Inks Key Raw Materials Analysis
  8.1.1 Key Raw Materials
  8.1.2 Price Trend of Key Raw Materials
  8.1.3 Key Suppliers of Raw Materials
  8.1.4 Market Concentration Rate of Raw Materials
8.2 Proportion of Manufacturing Cost Structure
  8.2.1 Raw Materials
  8.2.2 Labor Cost
  8.2.3 Manufacturing Expenses
8.3 Manufacturing Process Analysis of Chemical Indicator Inks

9 INDUSTRIAL CHAIN, SOURCING STRATEGY AND DOWNSTREAM BUYERS

9.1 Chemical Indicator Inks Industrial Chain Analysis
9.2 Upstream Raw Materials Sourcing
9.3 Raw Materials Sources of Chemical Indicator Inks Major Manufacturers in 2015
9.4 Downstream Buyers

10 MARKETING STRATEGY ANALYSIS, DISTRIBUTORS/TRADERS

10.1 Marketing Channel
  10.1.1 Direct Marketing
  10.1.2 Indirect Marketing
  10.1.3 Marketing Channel Development Trend
10.2 Market Positioning
  10.2.1 Pricing Strategy
  10.2.2 Brand Strategy
  10.2.3 Target Client
10.3 Distributors/Traders List

11 MARKET EFFECT FACTORS ANALYSIS

11.1 Technology Progress/Risk
  11.1.1 Substitutes Threat
  11.1.2 Technology Progress in Related Industry
11.2 Consumer Needs/Customer Preference Change
11.3 Economic/Political Environmental Change

12 GLOBAL CHEMICAL INDICATOR INKS MARKET FORECAST (2016-2021)

12.1 Global Chemical Indicator Inks Capacity, Production, Revenue Forecast (2016-2021)
12.2 Global Chemical Indicator Inks Production, Consumption Forecast by Regions (2016-2021)
12.3 Global Chemical Indicator Inks Production Forecast by Type (2016-2021)
12.4 Global Chemical Indicator Inks Consumption Forecast by Application (2016-2021)
12.5 Chemical Indicator Inks Price Forecast (2016-2021)

13 RESEARCH FINDINGS AND CONCLUSION

14 APPENDIX

Disclosure Section
Research Methodology
Data Source
China Disclaimer

The report requires updating with new data and is sent in 2-3 business days after order is placed.

List Of Tables

LIST OF TABLES AND FIGURES

Figure Picture of Chemical Indicator Inks
Figure Global Production Market Share of Chemical Indicator Inks by Type in 2015
Figure Product Picture of Solvent-based
Table Major Manufacturers of Solvent-based
Figure Product Picture of Water-based
Table Major Manufacturers of Water-based
Figure Product Picture of UV-Cured
Table Major Manufacturers of UV-Cured
Table Chemical Indicator Inks Consumption Market Share by Application in 2015
Figure Sterile Bags Examples
Figure Sterile Bottles Examples
Figure IV & Blood Containers Examples
Figure Prefillable Syringes Examples
Figure Thermoformed Trays Examples
Figure Pouches Examples
Figure Tapes Examples
Figure Tags and Labels Examples
Figure Others (Including Blister Packs, etc.) Examples
Figure North America Chemical Indicator Inks Revenue (Million USD) and Growth Rate (2011-2021)
Figure Europe Chemical Indicator Inks Revenue (Million USD) and Growth Rate (2011-2021)
Figure China Chemical Indicator Inks Revenue (Million USD) and Growth Rate (2011-2021)
Figure Japan Chemical Indicator Inks Revenue (Million USD) and Growth Rate (2011-2021)
Figure Southeast Asia Chemical Indicator Inks Revenue (Million USD) and Growth Rate (2011-2021)
Figure India Chemical Indicator Inks Revenue (Million USD) and Growth Rate (2011-2021)
Figure Global Chemical Indicator Inks Revenue (Million UDS) and Growth Rate (2011-2021)
Table Global Chemical Indicator Inks Capacity of Key Manufacturers (2015 and 2016)
Table Global Chemical Indicator Inks Capacity Market Share by Manufacturers (2015 and 2016)
Figure Global Chemical Indicator Inks Capacity of Key Manufacturers in 2015
Figure Global Chemical Indicator Inks Capacity of Key Manufacturers in 2016
Table Global Chemical Indicator Inks Production of Key Manufacturers (2015 and 2016)
Table Global Chemical Indicator Inks Production Share by Manufacturers (2015 and 2016)
Figure 2015 Chemical Indicator Inks Production Share by Manufacturers
Figure 2016 Chemical Indicator Inks Production Share by Manufacturers
Table Global Chemical Indicator Inks Revenue (Million USD) by Manufacturers (2015 and 2016)
Table Global Chemical Indicator Inks Revenue Share by Manufacturers (2015 and 2016)
Table 2015 Global Chemical Indicator Inks Revenue Share by Manufacturers
Table 2016 Global Chemical Indicator Inks Revenue Share by Manufacturers
Table Global Market Chemical Indicator Inks Average Price of Key Manufacturers (2015 and 2016)
Figure Global Market Chemical Indicator Inks Average Price of Key Manufacturers in 2015
Table Manufacturers Chemical Indicator Inks Manufacturing Base Distribution and Sales Area
Table Manufacturers Chemical Indicator Inks Product Type
Figure Chemical Indicator Inks Market Share of Top 3 Manufacturers
Figure Chemical Indicator Inks Market Share of Top 5 Manufacturers
Table Global Chemical Indicator Inks Capacity by Regions (2011-2016)
Figure Global Chemical Indicator Inks Capacity Market Share by Regions (2011-2016)
Figure Global Chemical Indicator Inks Capacity Market Share by Regions (2011-2016)
Figure 2015 Global Chemical Indicator Inks Capacity Market Share by Regions
Table Global Chemical Indicator Inks Production by Regions (2011-2016)
Figure Global Chemical Indicator Inks Production and Market Share by Regions (2011-2016)
Figure Global Chemical Indicator Inks Production Market Share by Regions (2011-2016)
Figure 2015 Global Chemical Indicator Inks Production Market Share by Regions
Table Global Chemical Indicator Inks Revenue by Regions (2011-2016)
Table Global Chemical Indicator Inks Revenue Market Share by Regions (2011-2016)
Table 2015 Global Chemical Indicator Inks Revenue Market Share by Regions
Table Global Chemical Indicator Inks Capacity, Production, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2011-2016)
Table North America Chemical Indicator Inks Capacity, Production, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2011-2016)
Table Europe Chemical Indicator Inks Capacity, Production, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2011-2016)
Table China Chemical Indicator Inks Capacity, Production, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2011-2016)
Table Japan Chemical Indicator Inks Capacity, Production, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2011-2016)
Table Southeast Asia Chemical Indicator Inks Capacity, Production, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2011-2016)
Table India Chemical Indicator Inks Capacity, Production, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2011-2016)
Table Global Chemical Indicator Inks Consumption Market by Regions (2011-2016)
Table Global Chemical Indicator Inks Consumption Market Share by Regions (2011-2016)
Figure Global Chemical Indicator Inks Consumption Market Share by Regions (2011-2016)
Figure 2015 Global Chemical Indicator Inks Consumption Market Share by Regions
Table North America Chemical Indicator Inks Production, Consumption, Import & Export (2011-2016)
Table Europe Chemical Indicator Inks Production, Consumption, Import & Export (2011-2016)
Table China Chemical Indicator Inks Production, Consumption, Import & Export (2011-2016)
Table Japan Chemical Indicator Inks Production, Consumption, Import & Export (2011-2016)
Table Southeast Asia Chemical Indicator Inks Production, Consumption, Import & Export (2011-2016)
Table India Chemical Indicator Inks Production, Consumption, Import & Export (2011-2016)
Table Global Chemical Indicator Inks Production by Type (2011-2016)
Table Global Chemical Indicator Inks Production Share by Type (2011-2016)
Figure Production Market Share of Chemical Indicator Inks by Type (2011-2016)
Figure 2015 Production Market Share of Chemical Indicator Inks by Type
Table Global Chemical Indicator Inks Revenue by Type (2011-2016)
Table Global Chemical Indicator Inks Revenue Share by Type (2011-2016)
Figure Production Revenue Share of Chemical Indicator Inks by Type (2011-2016)
Figure 2015 Revenue Market Share of Chemical Indicator Inks by Type
Table Global Chemical Indicator Inks Price by Type (2011-2016)
Figure Global Chemical Indicator Inks Production Growth by Type (2011-2016)
Table Global Chemical Indicator Inks Consumption by Application (2011-2016)
Table Global Chemical Indicator Inks Consumption Market Share by Application (2011-2016)
Figure Global Chemical Indicator Inks Consumption Market Share by Application in 2015
Table Global Chemical Indicator Inks Consumption Growth Rate by Application (2011-2016)
Figure Global Chemical Indicator Inks Consumption Growth Rate by Application (2011-2016)
Table Riken Chemical Co., Ltd. Basic Information, Manufacturing Base, Sales Area and Its Competitors
Table Riken Chemical Co., Ltd. Chemical Indicator Inks Capacity, Production, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2011-2016)
Figure Riken Chemical Co., Ltd. Chemical Indicator Inks Market Share (2011-2016)
Table North American Science Associates Inc. (NAMSA) Basic Information, Manufacturing Base, Sales Area and Its Competitors
Table North American Science Associates Inc. (NAMSA) Chemical Indicator Inks Capacity, Production, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2011-2016)
Figure North American Science Associates Inc. (NAMSA) Chemical Indicator Inks Market Share (2011-2016)
Table SteriTec Products Inc. Basic Information, Manufacturing Base, Sales Area and Its Competitors
Table SteriTec Products Inc. Chemical Indicator Inks Capacity, Production, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2011-2016)
Figure SteriTec Products Inc. Chemical Indicator Inks Market Share (2011-2016)
Table 3M Basic Information, Manufacturing Base, Sales Area and Its Competitors
Table 3M Chemical Indicator Inks Capacity, Production, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2011-2016)
Figure 3M Chemical Indicator Inks Market Share (2011-2016)
Table Tempil Basic Information, Manufacturing Base, Sales Area and Its Competitors
Table Tempil Chemical Indicator Inks Capacity, Production, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2011-2016)
Figure Tempil Chemical Indicator Inks Market Share (2011-2016)
Table NiGK Corporation Basic Information, Manufacturing Base, Sales Area and Its Competitors
Table NiGK Corporation Chemical Indicator Inks Capacity, Production, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2011-2016)
Figure NiGK Corporation Chemical Indicator Inks Market Share (2011-2016)
Table Propper Manufacturing Company, Inc. Basic Information, Manufacturing Base, Sales Area and Its Competitors
Table Propper Manufacturing Company, Inc. Chemical Indicator Inks Capacity, Production, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2011-2016)
Figure Propper Manufacturing Company, Inc. Chemical Indicator Inks Market Share (2011-2016)
Table STERIS Corporation (Formerly Innovative Medical Technologies) Basic Information, Manufacturing Base, Sales Area and Its Competitors
Table STERIS Corporation (Formerly Innovative Medical Technologies) Chemical Indicator Inks Capacity, Production, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2011-2016)
Figure STERIS Corporation (Formerly Innovative Medical Technologies) Chemical Indicator Inks Market Share (2011-2016)
Table ETIGAM bv Basic Information, Manufacturing Base, Sales Area and Its Competitors
Table ETIGAM bv Chemical Indicator Inks Capacity, Production, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2011-2016)
Figure ETIGAM bv Chemical Indicator Inks Market Share (2011-2016)
Table Terragene SA Basic Information, Manufacturing Base, Sales Area and Its Competitors
Table Terragene SA Chemical Indicator Inks Capacity, Production, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2011-2016)
Figure Terragene SA Chemical Indicator Inks Market Share (2011-2016)
Table Production Base and Market Concentration Rate of Raw Material
Figure Price Trend of Key Raw Materials
Table Key Suppliers of Raw Materials
Figure Manufacturing Cost Structure of Chemical Indicator Inks
Figure Manufacturing Process Analysis of Chemical Indicator Inks
Figure Chemical Indicator Inks Industrial Chain Analysis
Table Raw Materials Sources of Chemical Indicator Inks Major Manufacturers in 2015
Table Major Buyers of Chemical Indicator Inks
Table Distributors/Traders List
Figure Global Chemical Indicator Inks Capacity, Production and Growth Rate Forecast (2016-2021)
Figure Global Chemical Indicator Inks Revenue and Growth Rate Forecast (2016-2021)
Table Global Chemical Indicator Inks Production Forecast by Regions (2016-2021)
Table Global Chemical Indicator Inks Consumption Forecast by Regions (2016-2021)
Table Global Chemical Indicator Inks Production Forecast by Type (2016-2021)
Table Global Chemical Indicator Inks Consumption Forecast by Application (2016-2021)