Global Anti-foaming Agents Market Research Report 2017

January 2017 | 117 pages | ID: G5D3DD389A5EN
QYResearch

Abstracts

Notes:

Production, means the output of Anti-foaming Agents

Revenue, means the sales value of Anti-foaming Agents

This report studies Anti-foaming Agents in Global market, especially in North America, Europe, China, Japan, Southeast Asia and India, focuses on top manufacturers in global market, with capacity, production, price, revenue and market share for each manufacturer, covering

• AkzoNobel
• Ashland
• BASF
• Nalco
• GE Water
• Dow
• Kemira
• Lonza Group
• Buckman
• Air Products and Chemicals
• BWA Water Additives UK
• Cortec Corporation

Market Segment by Regions, this report splits Global into several key Regions, with production, consumption, revenue, market share and growth rate of Anti-foaming Agents in these regions, from 2011 to 2021 (forecast), like

• North America
• Europe
• China
• Japan
• Southeast Asia
• India

Split by product type, with production, revenue, price, market share and growth rate of each type, can be divided into

• Type I
• Type II

Split by application, this report focuses on consumption, market share and growth rate of Anti-foaming Agents in each application, can be divided into

• Application 1
• Application 2

Contents

Global Anti-foaming Agents Market Research Report 2017

1 ANTI-FOAMING AGENTS MARKET OVERVIEW

1.1 Product Overview and Scope of Anti-foaming Agents
1.2 Anti-foaming Agents Segment by Type
  1.2.1 Global Production Market Share of Anti-foaming Agents by Type in 2015
  1.2.2 Type I
  1.2.3 Type II
1.3 Anti-foaming Agents Segment by Application
  1.3.1 Anti-foaming Agents Consumption Market Share by Application in 2015
  1.3.2 Application
  1.3.3 Application
1.4 Anti-foaming Agents Market by Region
  1.4.1 North America Status and Prospect (2012-2022)
  1.4.2 Europe Status and Prospect (2012-2022)
  1.4.3 China Status and Prospect (2012-2022)
  1.4.4 Japan Status and Prospect (2012-2022)
  1.4.5 Southeast Asia Status and Prospect (2012-2022)
  1.4.6 India Status and Prospect (2012-2022)
1.5 Global Market Size (Value) of Anti-foaming Agents (2012-2022)

2 GLOBAL ANTI-FOAMING AGENTS MARKET COMPETITION BY MANUFACTURERS

2.1 Global Anti-foaming Agents Capacity, Production and Share by Manufacturers (2015 and 2016)
2.2 Global Anti-foaming Agents Revenue and Share by Manufacturers (2015 and 2016)
2.3 Global Anti-foaming Agents Average Price by Manufacturers (2015 and 2016)
2.4 Manufacturers Anti-foaming Agents Manufacturing Base Distribution, Sales Area and Product Type
2.5 Anti-foaming Agents Market Competitive Situation and Trends
  2.5.1 Anti-foaming Agents Market Concentration Rate
  2.5.2 Anti-foaming Agents Market Share of Top 3 and Top 5 Manufacturers
  2.5.3 Mergers & Acquisitions, Expansion

3 GLOBAL ANTI-FOAMING AGENTS CAPACITY, PRODUCTION, REVENUE (VALUE) BY REGION (2012-2017)

3.1 Global Anti-foaming Agents Capacity and Market Share by Region (2012-2017)
3.2 Global Anti-foaming Agents Production and Market Share by Region (2012-2017)
3.3 Global Anti-foaming Agents Revenue (Value) and Market Share by Region (2012-2017)
3.4 Global Anti-foaming Agents Capacity, Production, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2012-2017)
3.5 North America Anti-foaming Agents Capacity, Production, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2012-2017)
3.6 Europe Anti-foaming Agents Capacity, Production, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2012-2017)
3.7 China Anti-foaming Agents Capacity, Production, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2012-2017)
3.8 Japan Anti-foaming Agents Capacity, Production, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2012-2017)
3.9 Southeast Asia Anti-foaming Agents Capacity, Production, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2012-2017)
3.10 India Anti-foaming Agents Capacity, Production, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2012-2017)

4 GLOBAL ANTI-FOAMING AGENTS SUPPLY (PRODUCTION), CONSUMPTION, EXPORT, IMPORT BY REGIONS (2012-2017)

4.1 Global Anti-foaming Agents Consumption by Regions (2012-2017)
4.2 North America Anti-foaming Agents Production, Consumption, Export, Import (2012-2017)
4.3 Europe Anti-foaming Agents Production, Consumption, Export, Import (2012-2017)
4.4 China Anti-foaming Agents Production, Consumption, Export, Import (2012-2017)
4.5 Japan Anti-foaming Agents Production, Consumption, Export, Import (2012-2017)
4.6 Southeast Asia Anti-foaming Agents Production, Consumption, Export, Import (2012-2017)
4.7 India Anti-foaming Agents Production, Consumption, Export, Import (2012-2017)

5 GLOBAL ANTI-FOAMING AGENTS PRODUCTION, REVENUE (VALUE), PRICE TREND BY TYPE

5.1 Global Anti-foaming Agents Production and Market Share by Type (2012-2017)
5.2 Global Anti-foaming Agents Revenue and Market Share by Type (2012-2017)
5.3 Global Anti-foaming Agents Price by Type (2012-2017)
5.4 Global Anti-foaming Agents Production Growth by Type (2012-2017)

6 GLOBAL ANTI-FOAMING AGENTS MARKET ANALYSIS BY APPLICATION

6.1 Global Anti-foaming Agents Consumption and Market Share by Application (2012-2017)
6.2 Global Anti-foaming Agents Consumption Growth Rate by Application (2012-2017)
6.3 Market Drivers and Opportunities
  6.3.1 Potential Applications
  6.3.2 Emerging Markets/Countries

7 GLOBAL ANTI-FOAMING AGENTS MANUFACTURERS PROFILES/ANALYSIS

7.1 AkzoNobel
  7.1.1 Company Basic Information, Manufacturing Base and Its Competitors
  7.1.2 Anti-foaming Agents Product Type, Application and Specification
    7.1.2.1 Product A
    7.1.2.2 Product B
  7.1.3 AkzoNobel Anti-foaming Agents Capacity, Production, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2015 and 2016)
  7.1.4 Main Business/Business Overview
7.2 Ashland
  7.2.1 Company Basic Information, Manufacturing Base and Its Competitors
  7.2.2 Anti-foaming Agents Product Type, Application and Specification
    7.2.2.1 Product A
    7.2.2.2 Product B
  7.2.3 Ashland Anti-foaming Agents Capacity, Production, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2015 and 2016)
  7.2.4 Main Business/Business Overview
7.3 BASF
  7.3.1 Company Basic Information, Manufacturing Base and Its Competitors
  7.3.2 Anti-foaming Agents Product Type, Application and Specification
    7.3.2.1 Product A
    7.3.2.2 Product B
  7.3.3 BASF Anti-foaming Agents Capacity, Production, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2015 and 2016)
  7.3.4 Main Business/Business Overview
7.4 Nalco
  7.4.1 Company Basic Information, Manufacturing Base and Its Competitors
  7.4.2 Anti-foaming Agents Product Type, Application and Specification
    7.4.2.1 Product A
    7.4.2.2 Product B
  7.4.3 Nalco Anti-foaming Agents Capacity, Production, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2015 and 2016)
  7.4.4 Main Business/Business Overview
7.5 GE Water
  7.5.1 Company Basic Information, Manufacturing Base and Its Competitors
  7.5.2 Anti-foaming Agents Product Type, Application and Specification
    7.5.2.1 Product A
    7.5.2.2 Product B
  7.5.3 GE Water Anti-foaming Agents Capacity, Production, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2015 and 2016)
  7.5.4 Main Business/Business Overview
7.6 Dow
  7.6.1 Company Basic Information, Manufacturing Base and Its Competitors
  7.6.2 Anti-foaming Agents Product Type, Application and Specification
    7.6.2.1 Product A
    7.6.2.2 Product B
  7.6.3 Dow Anti-foaming Agents Capacity, Production, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2015 and 2016)
  7.6.4 Main Business/Business Overview
7.7 Kemira
  7.7.1 Company Basic Information, Manufacturing Base and Its Competitors
  7.7.2 Anti-foaming Agents Product Type, Application and Specification
    7.7.2.1 Product A
    7.7.2.2 Product B
  7.7.3 Kemira Anti-foaming Agents Capacity, Production, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2015 and 2016)
  7.7.4 Main Business/Business Overview
7.8 Lonza Group
  7.8.1 Company Basic Information, Manufacturing Base and Its Competitors
  7.8.2 Anti-foaming Agents Product Type, Application and Specification
    7.8.2.1 Product A
    7.8.2.2 Product B
  7.8.3 Lonza Group Anti-foaming Agents Capacity, Production, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2015 and 2016)
  7.8.4 Main Business/Business Overview
7.9 Buckman
  7.9.1 Company Basic Information, Manufacturing Base and Its Competitors
  7.9.2 Anti-foaming Agents Product Type, Application and Specification
    7.9.2.1 Product A
    7.9.2.2 Product B
  7.9.3 Buckman Anti-foaming Agents Capacity, Production, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2015 and 2016)
  7.9.4 Main Business/Business Overview
7.10 Air Products and Chemicals
  7.10.1 Company Basic Information, Manufacturing Base and Its Competitors
  7.10.2 Anti-foaming Agents Product Type, Application and Specification
    7.10.2.1 Product A
    7.10.2.2 Product B
  7.10.3 Air Products and Chemicals Anti-foaming Agents Capacity, Production, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2015 and 2016)
  7.10.4 Main Business/Business Overview
7.11 BWA Water Additives UK
7.12 Cortec Corporation

8 ANTI-FOAMING AGENTS MANUFACTURING COST ANALYSIS

8.1 Anti-foaming Agents Key Raw Materials Analysis
  8.1.1 Key Raw Materials
  8.1.2 Price Trend of Key Raw Materials
  8.1.3 Key Suppliers of Raw Materials
  8.1.4 Market Concentration Rate of Raw Materials
8.2 Proportion of Manufacturing Cost Structure
  8.2.1 Raw Materials
  8.2.2 Labor Cost
  8.2.3 Manufacturing Expenses
8.3 Manufacturing Process Analysis of Anti-foaming Agents

9 INDUSTRIAL CHAIN, SOURCING STRATEGY AND DOWNSTREAM BUYERS

9.1 Anti-foaming Agents Industrial Chain Analysis
9.2 Upstream Raw Materials Sourcing
9.3 Raw Materials Sources of Anti-foaming Agents Major Manufacturers in 2015
9.4 Downstream Buyers

10 MARKETING STRATEGY ANALYSIS, DISTRIBUTORS/TRADERS

10.1 Marketing Channel
  10.1.1 Direct Marketing
  10.1.2 Indirect Marketing
  10.1.3 Marketing Channel Development Trend
10.2 Market Positioning
  10.2.1 Pricing Strategy
  10.2.2 Brand Strategy
  10.2.3 Target Client
10.3 Distributors/Traders List

11 MARKET EFFECT FACTORS ANALYSIS

11.1 Technology Progress/Risk
  11.1.1 Substitutes Threat
  11.1.2 Technology Progress in Related Industry
11.2 Consumer Needs/Customer Preference Change
11.3 Economic/Political Environmental Change

12 GLOBAL ANTI-FOAMING AGENTS MARKET FORECAST (2017-2022)

12.1 Global Anti-foaming Agents Capacity, Production, Revenue Forecast (2017-2022)
  12.1.1 Global Anti-foaming Agents Capacity, Production and Growth Rate Forecast (2017-2022)
  12.1.2 Global Anti-foaming Agents Revenue and Growth Rate Forecast (2017-2022)
  12.1.3 Global Anti-foaming Agents Price and Trend Forecast (2017-2022)
12.2 Global Anti-foaming Agents Production, Consumption, Import and Export Forecast by Regions (2017-2022)
  12.2.1 North America Anti-foaming Agents Production, Revenue, Consumption, Export and Import Forecast (2017-2022)
  12.2.2 Europe Anti-foaming Agents Production, Revenue, Consumption, Export and Import Forecast (2017-2022)
  12.2.3 China Anti-foaming Agents Production, Revenue, Consumption, Export and Import Forecast (2017-2022)
  12.2.4 Japan Anti-foaming Agents Production, Revenue, Consumption, Export and Import Forecast (2017-2022)
  12.2.5 Southeast Asia Anti-foaming Agents Production, Revenue, Consumption, Export and Import Forecast (2017-2022)
  12.2.6 India Anti-foaming Agents Production, Revenue, Consumption, Export and Import Forecast (2017-2022)
12.3 Global Anti-foaming Agents Production, Revenue and Price Forecast by Type (2017-2022)
12.4 Global Anti-foaming Agents Consumption Forecast by Application (2017-2022)

13 RESEARCH FINDINGS AND CONCLUSION

14 APPENDIX

Methodology
Analyst Introduction
Data Source

The report requires updating with new data and is sent in 2-3 business days after order is placed.

List Of Tables

LIST OF TABLES AND FIGURES

Figure Picture of Anti-foaming Agents
Figure Global Production Market Share of Anti-foaming Agents by Type in 2015
Figure Product Picture of Type I
Table Major Manufacturers of Type I
Figure Product Picture of Type II
Table Major Manufacturers of Type II
Table Anti-foaming Agents Consumption Market Share by Application in 2015
Figure Application 1 Examples
Figure Application 2 Examples
Figure North America Anti-foaming Agents Revenue (Million USD) and Growth Rate (2012-2022)
Figure Europe Anti-foaming Agents Revenue (Million USD) and Growth Rate (2012-2022)
Figure China Anti-foaming Agents Revenue (Million USD) and Growth Rate (2012-2022)
Figure Japan Anti-foaming Agents Revenue (Million USD) and Growth Rate (2012-2022)
Figure Southeast Asia Anti-foaming Agents Revenue (Million USD) and Growth Rate (2012-2022)
Figure India Anti-foaming Agents Revenue (Million USD) and Growth Rate (2012-2022)
Figure Global Anti-foaming Agents Revenue (Million UDS) and Growth Rate (2012-2022)
Table Global Anti-foaming Agents Capacity of Key Manufacturers (2015 and 2016)
Table Global Anti-foaming Agents Capacity Market Share by Manufacturers (2015 and 2016)
Figure Global Anti-foaming Agents Capacity of Key Manufacturers in 2015
Figure Global Anti-foaming Agents Capacity of Key Manufacturers in 2016
Table Global Anti-foaming Agents Production of Key Manufacturers (2015 and 2016)
Table Global Anti-foaming Agents Production Share by Manufacturers (2015 and 2016)
Figure 2015 Anti-foaming Agents Production Share by Manufacturers
Figure 2016 Anti-foaming Agents Production Share by Manufacturers
Table Global Anti-foaming Agents Revenue (Million USD) by Manufacturers (2015 and 2016)
Table Global Anti-foaming Agents Revenue Share by Manufacturers (2015 and 2016)
Table 2015 Global Anti-foaming Agents Revenue Share by Manufacturers
Table 2016 Global Anti-foaming Agents Revenue Share by Manufacturers
Table Global Market Anti-foaming Agents Average Price of Key Manufacturers (2015 and 2016)
Figure Global Market Anti-foaming Agents Average Price of Key Manufacturers in 2015
Table Manufacturers Anti-foaming Agents Manufacturing Base Distribution and Sales Area
Table Manufacturers Anti-foaming Agents Product Type
Figure Anti-foaming Agents Market Share of Top 3 Manufacturers
Figure Anti-foaming Agents Market Share of Top 5 Manufacturers
Table Global Anti-foaming Agents Capacity by Regions (2012-2017)
Figure Global Anti-foaming Agents Capacity Market Share by Regions (2012-2017)
Figure Global Anti-foaming Agents Capacity Market Share by Regions (2012-2017)
Figure 2015 Global Anti-foaming Agents Capacity Market Share by Regions
Table Global Anti-foaming Agents Production by Regions (2012-2017)
Figure Global Anti-foaming Agents Production and Market Share by Regions (2012-2017)
Figure Global Anti-foaming Agents Production Market Share by Regions (2012-2017)
Figure 2015 Global Anti-foaming Agents Production Market Share by Regions
Table Global Anti-foaming Agents Revenue by Regions (2012-2017)
Table Global Anti-foaming Agents Revenue Market Share by Regions (2012-2017)
Table 2015 Global Anti-foaming Agents Revenue Market Share by Regions
Table Global Anti-foaming Agents Capacity, Production, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2012-2017)
Table North America Anti-foaming Agents Capacity, Production, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2012-2017)
Table Europe Anti-foaming Agents Capacity, Production, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2012-2017)
Table China Anti-foaming Agents Capacity, Production, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2012-2017)
Table Japan Anti-foaming Agents Capacity, Production, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2012-2017)
Table Southeast Asia Anti-foaming Agents Capacity, Production, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2012-2017)
Table India Anti-foaming Agents Capacity, Production, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2012-2017)
Table Global Anti-foaming Agents Consumption Market by Regions (2012-2017)
Table Global Anti-foaming Agents Consumption Market Share by Regions (2012-2017)
Figure Global Anti-foaming Agents Consumption Market Share by Regions (2012-2017)
Figure 2015 Global Anti-foaming Agents Consumption Market Share by Regions
Table North America Anti-foaming Agents Production, Consumption, Import & Export (2012-2017)
Table Europe Anti-foaming Agents Production, Consumption, Import & Export (2012-2017)
Table China Anti-foaming Agents Production, Consumption, Import & Export (2012-2017)
Table Japan Anti-foaming Agents Production, Consumption, Import & Export (2012-2017)
Table Southeast Asia Anti-foaming Agents Production, Consumption, Import & Export (2012-2017)
Table India Anti-foaming Agents Production, Consumption, Import & Export (2012-2017)
Table Global Anti-foaming Agents Production by Type (2012-2017)
Table Global Anti-foaming Agents Production Share by Type (2012-2017)
Figure Production Market Share of Anti-foaming Agents by Type (2012-2017)
Figure 2015 Production Market Share of Anti-foaming Agents by Type
Table Global Anti-foaming Agents Revenue by Type (2012-2017)
Table Global Anti-foaming Agents Revenue Share by Type (2012-2017)
Figure Production Revenue Share of Anti-foaming Agents by Type (2012-2017)
Figure 2015 Revenue Market Share of Anti-foaming Agents by Type
Table Global Anti-foaming Agents Price by Type (2012-2017)
Figure Global Anti-foaming Agents Production Growth by Type (2012-2017)
Table Global Anti-foaming Agents Consumption by Application (2012-2017)
Table Global Anti-foaming Agents Consumption Market Share by Application (2012-2017)
Figure Global Anti-foaming Agents Consumption Market Share by Application in 2015
Table Global Anti-foaming Agents Consumption Growth Rate by Application (2012-2017)
Figure Global Anti-foaming Agents Consumption Growth Rate by Application (2012-2017)
Table AkzoNobel Basic Information, Manufacturing Base, Sales Area and Its Competitors
Table AkzoNobel Anti-foaming Agents Capacity, Production, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2015 and 2016)
Figure AkzoNobel Anti-foaming Agents Market Share (2015 and 2016)
Table Ashland Basic Information, Manufacturing Base, Sales Area and Its Competitors
Table Ashland Anti-foaming Agents Capacity, Production, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2015 and 2016)
Figure Ashland Anti-foaming Agents Market Share (2015 and 2016)
Table BASF Basic Information, Manufacturing Base, Sales Area and Its Competitors
Table BASF Anti-foaming Agents Capacity, Production, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2015 and 2016)
Figure BASF Anti-foaming Agents Market Share (2015 and 2016)
Table Nalco Basic Information, Manufacturing Base, Sales Area and Its Competitors
Table Nalco Anti-foaming Agents Capacity, Production, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2015 and 2016)
Figure Nalco Anti-foaming Agents Market Share (2015 and 2016)
Table GE Water Basic Information, Manufacturing Base, Sales Area and Its Competitors
Table GE Water Anti-foaming Agents Capacity, Production, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2015 and 2016)
Figure GE Water Anti-foaming Agents Market Share (2015 and 2016)
Table Dow Basic Information, Manufacturing Base, Sales Area and Its Competitors
Table Dow Anti-foaming Agents Capacity, Production, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2015 and 2016)
Figure Dow Anti-foaming Agents Market Share (2015 and 2016)
Table Kemira Basic Information, Manufacturing Base, Sales Area and Its Competitors
Table Kemira Anti-foaming Agents Capacity, Production, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2015 and 2016)
Figure Kemira Anti-foaming Agents Market Share (2015 and 2016)
Table Lonza Group Basic Information, Manufacturing Base, Sales Area and Its Competitors
Table Lonza Group Anti-foaming Agents Capacity, Production, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2015 and 2016)
Figure Lonza Group Anti-foaming Agents Market Share (2015 and 2016)
Table Buckman Basic Information, Manufacturing Base, Sales Area and Its Competitors
Table Buckman Anti-foaming Agents Capacity, Production, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2015 and 2016)
Figure Buckman Anti-foaming Agents Market Share (2015 and 2016)
Table Air Products and Chemicals Basic Information, Manufacturing Base, Sales Area and Its Competitors
Table Air Products and Chemicals Anti-foaming Agents Capacity, Production, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2015 and 2016)
Figure Air Products and Chemicals Anti-foaming Agents Market Share (2015 and 2016)
Table Production Base and Market Concentration Rate of Raw Material
Figure Price Trend of Key Raw Materials
Table Key Suppliers of Raw Materials
Figure Manufacturing Cost Structure of Anti-foaming Agents
Figure Manufacturing Process Analysis of Anti-foaming Agents
Figure Anti-foaming Agents Industrial Chain Analysis
Table Raw Materials Sources of Anti-foaming Agents Major Manufacturers in 2015
Table Major Buyers of Anti-foaming Agents
Table Distributors/Traders List
Figure Global Anti-foaming Agents Capacity, Production and Growth Rate Forecast (2017-2022)
Figure Global Anti-foaming Agents Revenue and Growth Rate Forecast (2017-2022)
Figure Global Anti-foaming Agents Price and Trend Forecast (2017-2022)
Table Global Anti-foaming Agents Production Forecast by Regions (2017-2022)
Table Global Anti-foaming Agents Consumption Forecast by Regions (2017-2022)
Figure North America Anti-foaming Agents Production, Revenue and Growth Rate Forecast (2017-2022)
Table North America Anti-foaming Agents Production, Consumption, Export and Import Forecast (2017-2022)
Figure Europe Anti-foaming Agents Production, Revenue and Growth Rate Forecast (2017-2022)
Table Europe Anti-foaming Agents Production, Consumption, Export and Import Forecast (2017-2022)
Figure China Anti-foaming Agents Production, Revenue and Growth Rate Forecast (2017-2022)
Table China Anti-foaming Agents Production, Consumption, Export and Import Forecast (2017-2022)
Figure Japan Anti-foaming Agents Production, Revenue and Growth Rate Forecast (2017-2022)
Table Japan Anti-foaming Agents Production, Consumption, Export and Import Forecast (2017-2022)
Figure Southeast Asia Anti-foaming Agents Production, Revenue and Growth Rate Forecast (2017-2022)
Table Southeast Asia Anti-foaming Agents Production, Consumption, Export and Import Forecast (2017-2022)
Figure India Anti-foaming Agents Production, Revenue and Growth Rate Forecast (2017-2022)
Table India Anti-foaming Agents Production, Consumption, Export and Import Forecast (2017-2022)
Table Global Anti-foaming Agents Production Forecast by Type (2017-2022)
Table Global Anti-foaming Agents Revenue Forecast by Type (2017-2022)
Table Global Anti-foaming Agents Price Forecast by Type (2017-2022)
Table Global Anti-foaming Agents Consumption Forecast by Application (2017-2022)