Gadolinium Sputtering Target Market Report: Trends, Forecast and Competitive Analysis to 2031

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Gadolinium Sputtering Target Trends and Forecast
The future of the global gadolinium sputtering target market looks promising with opportunities in the semiconductor, chemical vapor deposition, and physical vapor deposition markets. The global gadolinium sputtering target market is expected to grow with a CAGR of 7.5% from 2025 to 2031. The major drivers for this market are the increasing utilization of gadolinium sputtering targets in magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) for medical diagnostics, growing applications of gadolinium sputtering targets in thin film coatings for electronic devices and displays, and enhanced use of gadolinium sputtering targets in fuel rods for nuclear reactors to improve safety and efficiency.
Emerging Trends in the Gadolinium Sputtering Target Market
Emerging trends in this market are shaped by advancements in manufacturing processes, the rise of renewable energy technologies, and growing applications in the electronics sector. Innovations such as improved deposition techniques and the development of high-purity gadolinium targets are enhancing the efficiency and performance of sputtering processes. Furthermore, as industries push for more sustainable practices, the recycling and reclamation of gadolinium from spent targets are gaining attention.
These emerging trends illustrate the dynamic nature of the gadolinium sputtering target market. The future direction of the industry, with regard to technological innovations, sustainability initiatives, expansion into new applications, focus on high-purity targets, and global supply chain considerations, is shaped by these trends. Firms that adapt their business models accordingly will benefit from development opportunities, thereby satisfying changing application needs in this high-tech field.
Recent Developments in the Gadolinium Sputtering Target Market
The gadolinium sputtering target market is witnessing notable developments that reflect advancements in purification technology and increasing demand across various sectors. Ongoing innovations and advancements in different areas of the gadolinium sputtering target market have been highlighted by recent developments:
The above developments show the significant progress made in the gadolinium sputtering target industry. Enhanced purification technologies, expanded production facilities, investment in recycling, advancements in sputtering processes, and strategic partnerships are key factors driving market growth and innovation. Companies that stay at the forefront of these developments will be well-positioned to meet the evolving demands of high-tech applications and sustain their competitive edge.
Strategic Growth Opportunities for Gadolinium Sputtering Target Market
Strategic growth opportunities in this market are emerging from several key areas. First, the increasing adoption of gadolinium-based materials in innovative electronic devices presents a significant avenue for expansion. Additionally, the push for sustainable manufacturing processes is driving interest in recycling and repurposing gadolinium targets, thereby reducing waste and enhancing resource efficiency.
These strategic options highlight areas where businesses should concentrate while operating in the gadolinium sputtering target industry. Technological innovation, entering non-traditional markets, ecological ethics, efficient logistics management systems, and strategic partnerships are required for firms to grow and remain competitive. Therefore, companies that respond strategically to these opportunities will be well-positioned for success in a changing marketplace.
Gadolinium Sputtering Target Market Driver and Challenges
The gadolinium sputtering target plays a crucial role in many industries, including semiconductors, chemical vapor deposition, and physical vapor deposition. The changing market dynamics are driven by technological advancements, growing demand for high-tech applications, a focus on sustainability, and the expansion of production capacities. However, challenges such as raw material scarcity, cost volatility, technological complexity, R&D costs, and supply chain disruptions remain.
Factors Driving the Gadolinium Sputtering Target Market
List of Gadolinium Sputtering Target Companies
Companies in the market compete on the basis of product quality offered. Major players in this market focus on expanding their manufacturing facilities, R&D investments, infrastructural development, and leverage integration opportunities across the value chain. Through these strategies gadolinium sputtering target companies cater increasing demand, ensure competitive effectiveness, develop innovative products & technologies, reduce production costs, and expand their customer base. Some of the gadolinium sputtering target companies profiled in this report include-
The study includes a forecast for the global gadolinium sputtering target market by type, application, and region.
Gadolinium Sputtering Target Market by Type [Analysis by Value from 2019 to 2031]:
The gadolinium sputtering target market is witnessing substantial growth globally, driven by increased demand from various industries. Major players in the market are expanding their operations and forming strategic partnerships to strengthen their positions. The content below highlights recent developments by major gadolinium sputtering target producers in key regions: the USA, China, Germany, India, and Japan.
Market Size Estimates: Gadolinium sputtering target market size estimation in terms of value ($B).
Trend and Forecast Analysis: Market trends (2019 to 2024) and forecast (2025 to 2031) by various segments and regions.
Segmentation Analysis: Gadolinium sputtering target market size by type, application, and region in terms of value ($B).
Regional Analysis: Gadolinium sputtering target market breakdown by North America, Europe, Asia Pacific, and Rest of the World.
Growth Opportunities: Analysis of growth opportunities in different types, applications, and regions for the gadolinium sputtering target market.
Strategic Analysis: This includes M&A, new product development, and competitive landscape of the gadolinium sputtering target market.
Analysis of competitive intensity of the industry based on Porter’s Five Forces model.
If you are looking to expand your business in this or adjacent markets, then contact us. We have done hundreds of strategic consulting projects in market entry, opportunity screening, due diligence, supply chain analysis, M & A, and more.
This report answers following 11 key questions:
Q.1. What are some of the most promising, high-growth opportunities for the gadolinium sputtering target market by type (purity 99%, purity 99.5%, purity 99.9%, purity 99.95%, purity 99.99%, and purity 99.999%), application (semiconductor, chemical vapor deposition, physical vapor deposition, and others), and region (North America, Europe, Asia Pacific, and the Rest of the World)?
Q.2. Which segments will grow at a faster pace and why?
Q.3. Which region will grow at a faster pace and why?
Q.4. What are the key factors affecting market dynamics? What are the key challenges and business risks in this market?
Q.5. What are the business risks and competitive threats in this market?
Q.6. What are the emerging trends in this market and the reasons behind them?
Q.7. What are some of the changing demands of customers in the market?
Q.8. What are the new developments in the market? Which companies are leading these developments?
Q.9. Who are the major players in this market? What strategic initiatives are key players pursuing for business growth?
Q.10. What are some of the competing products in this market and how big of a threat do they pose for loss of market share by material or product substitution?
Q.11. What M&A activity has occurred in the last 5 years and what has its impact been on the industry?
Gadolinium Sputtering Target Trends and Forecast
The future of the global gadolinium sputtering target market looks promising with opportunities in the semiconductor, chemical vapor deposition, and physical vapor deposition markets. The global gadolinium sputtering target market is expected to grow with a CAGR of 7.5% from 2025 to 2031. The major drivers for this market are the increasing utilization of gadolinium sputtering targets in magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) for medical diagnostics, growing applications of gadolinium sputtering targets in thin film coatings for electronic devices and displays, and enhanced use of gadolinium sputtering targets in fuel rods for nuclear reactors to improve safety and efficiency.
- Lucintel forecasts that, within the type category, purity 99% is expected to witness the highest growth over the forecast period.
- Within the application category, semiconductor is expected to witness the highest growth.
- In terms of regions, APAC is expected to witness the highest growth over the forecast period.
Emerging Trends in the Gadolinium Sputtering Target Market
Emerging trends in this market are shaped by advancements in manufacturing processes, the rise of renewable energy technologies, and growing applications in the electronics sector. Innovations such as improved deposition techniques and the development of high-purity gadolinium targets are enhancing the efficiency and performance of sputtering processes. Furthermore, as industries push for more sustainable practices, the recycling and reclamation of gadolinium from spent targets are gaining attention.
- Technological Innovations in Sputtering Techniques:
- Sustainability and Recycling Initiatives:
- Expansion into New Applications:
- Increased Focus on High-Purity Targets:
- Global Supply Chain and Geopolitical Considerations:
These emerging trends illustrate the dynamic nature of the gadolinium sputtering target market. The future direction of the industry, with regard to technological innovations, sustainability initiatives, expansion into new applications, focus on high-purity targets, and global supply chain considerations, is shaped by these trends. Firms that adapt their business models accordingly will benefit from development opportunities, thereby satisfying changing application needs in this high-tech field.
Recent Developments in the Gadolinium Sputtering Target Market
The gadolinium sputtering target market is witnessing notable developments that reflect advancements in purification technology and increasing demand across various sectors. Ongoing innovations and advancements in different areas of the gadolinium sputtering target market have been highlighted by recent developments:
- Enhanced Purification Technologies:
- Expansion of Production Facilities:
- Investment in Recycling Technologies:
- Technological Advancements in Sputtering Processes:
- Strategic Partnerships and Collaborations:
The above developments show the significant progress made in the gadolinium sputtering target industry. Enhanced purification technologies, expanded production facilities, investment in recycling, advancements in sputtering processes, and strategic partnerships are key factors driving market growth and innovation. Companies that stay at the forefront of these developments will be well-positioned to meet the evolving demands of high-tech applications and sustain their competitive edge.
Strategic Growth Opportunities for Gadolinium Sputtering Target Market
Strategic growth opportunities in this market are emerging from several key areas. First, the increasing adoption of gadolinium-based materials in innovative electronic devices presents a significant avenue for expansion. Additionally, the push for sustainable manufacturing processes is driving interest in recycling and repurposing gadolinium targets, thereby reducing waste and enhancing resource efficiency.
- Technological Innovations and Advancements:
- Expansion into Emerging Applications:
- Focus on Sustainability and Circular Economy:
- Strengthening Global Supply Chains:
- Strategic Partnerships and Collaborations:
These strategic options highlight areas where businesses should concentrate while operating in the gadolinium sputtering target industry. Technological innovation, entering non-traditional markets, ecological ethics, efficient logistics management systems, and strategic partnerships are required for firms to grow and remain competitive. Therefore, companies that respond strategically to these opportunities will be well-positioned for success in a changing marketplace.
Gadolinium Sputtering Target Market Driver and Challenges
The gadolinium sputtering target plays a crucial role in many industries, including semiconductors, chemical vapor deposition, and physical vapor deposition. The changing market dynamics are driven by technological advancements, growing demand for high-tech applications, a focus on sustainability, and the expansion of production capacities. However, challenges such as raw material scarcity, cost volatility, technological complexity, R&D costs, and supply chain disruptions remain.
Factors Driving the Gadolinium Sputtering Target Market
- Technological Advancements: Technological advancements in the sputtering process and material science are major drivers of the gadolinium sputtering target market. Improvements in deposition technologies, high-purity target fabrication, and advanced sputter systems have ensured that gadolinium targets operate at peak performance levels. These advances are essential to meet the demands of high-tech applications, including semiconductor fabrication and advanced coatings.
- Growing Demand in High-Tech Applications: The rising need for gadolinium sputtering targets is driven by their use in technological applications such as electronics, medical imaging, and energy storage, among others. Gadolinium's unique properties make it suitable for applications requiring precision and reliability. As technology progresses, it is expected that the demand for superior-quality gadolinium targets will increase, leading to the expansion of the overall market.
- Focus on Sustainability: The production of gadolinium sputtering targets is increasingly focused on sustainability and environmental responsibility. Companies are investing in recycling technologies and adopting sustainable practices to reduce their environmental impact and manage resource scarcity. Additionally, this focus on sustainability aligns with global environmental goals and enhances market appeal.
- Expansion of Production Capacities: The expansion of production capacities by manufacturers is a major factor influencing the gadolinium sputtering target market. Increased throughput is achieved by investing in new manufacturing facilities and upgrading existing plants to meet growing demand. This expansion supports market growth while ensuring a continuous supply of gadolinium targets.
- Raw Material Scarcity and Cost Volatility: Raw material scarcity and cost volatility are significant challenges for the gadolinium-based sputtering target market. The unavailability of Gd3+ compounds, such as Gd2O3 or GdF3, presents challenges as they are expensive and lack chemical or physical substitutes. Gadolinium prices can fluctuate due to disruptions in supply chains or geopolitical tensions, as it is a rare earth metal with limited sources. Managing cost fluctuations and securing a steady supply of gadolinium are critical issues for producers.
- Technological Complexity and R&D Costs: Gadolinium sputtering targets are associated with high research and development costs due to the technological complexity involved. Small firms may face financial burdens as significant investments are required to develop innovative products that improve target performance.
- Supply Chain Disruptions: The production and availability of gadolinium sputtering targets can be impacted by geopolitical issues and other disruptions in global supply chains. Vulnerabilities arise when certain regions become dependent on specific sources for their raw material supplies, leading to potential supply chain weaknesses. Companies should develop strategies to ensure a stable flow of gadolinium and mitigate these risks.
List of Gadolinium Sputtering Target Companies
Companies in the market compete on the basis of product quality offered. Major players in this market focus on expanding their manufacturing facilities, R&D investments, infrastructural development, and leverage integration opportunities across the value chain. Through these strategies gadolinium sputtering target companies cater increasing demand, ensure competitive effectiveness, develop innovative products & technologies, reduce production costs, and expand their customer base. Some of the gadolinium sputtering target companies profiled in this report include-
- American Elements
- Kurt J. Lesker
- Goodfellow
- MSE Supplies
- Nanoshel
- Edgetech Industries
- ALB Materials
- QS Advanced Materials
- China Rare Metal Material
- Stanford Materials Corporation
The study includes a forecast for the global gadolinium sputtering target market by type, application, and region.
Gadolinium Sputtering Target Market by Type [Analysis by Value from 2019 to 2031]:
- Purity 99%
- Purity 99.5%
- Purity 99.9%
- Purity 99.95%
- Purity 99.99%
- Purity 99.999%
- Semiconductor
- Chemical Vapor Deposition
- Physical Vapor Deposition
- Others
- North America
- Europe
- Asia Pacific
- The Rest of the World
The gadolinium sputtering target market is witnessing substantial growth globally, driven by increased demand from various industries. Major players in the market are expanding their operations and forming strategic partnerships to strengthen their positions. The content below highlights recent developments by major gadolinium sputtering target producers in key regions: the USA, China, Germany, India, and Japan.
- United States: In the United States, developments in the gadolinium sputtering target industry have focused on improving production capacities and securing supply chains. Recently, investments have been made to boost domestic output levels and reduce reliance on overseas sources, whose availability could be impacted by geopolitical tensions over rare earth materials. American firms are innovating their manufacturing processes with a focus on improving efficiency and purity.
- China: China’s leading position in terms of production and technological advancements has allowed it to dominate the manufacturing of gadolinium sputtering targets globally. Recent developments include significant investments to expand mines and refining operations, enabling the production of higher-quality targets from Gd. Companies in China are also working to improve sputter deposition processes to meet the rising demand from the electronics and advanced materials industries.
- Germany: With its focus on high-precision manufacturing techniques and sustainability, Germany leads innovations in the gadolinium sputter target market. Recent innovations include improvements in sputtering technologies to enhance the performance and reliability of gadolinium targets for use in semiconductor fabrication and high-resolution imaging. German companies are adopting sustainable practices for producing Gd STs, including recycling methods that reduce environmental risks associated with using virgin materials.
- India: The market for gadolinium sputtering targets in India is evolving as local production capabilities are strengthened and import dependence is reduced. Recently, investments have been made in R&D to improve the quality and reduce the costs of gadolinium sputtering targets. Indian producers are also seeking global collaborations to access advanced technologies while expanding their market presence. This shift is driven by growing demand for gadolinium in emerging technology sectors, such as electronics and renewable energy.
- Japan: Japan has continued to dominate the global manufacturing of devices that use gadolinium as a primary raw material. Recent developments in Japan include advances in sputtering techniques and materials science aimed at enhancing the performance of gadolinium-based targets. Japanese manufacturers are shifting their focus to eco-friendly methods, such as recycling, to reclaim gadolinium from used products and reduce environmental pollution.
Market Size Estimates: Gadolinium sputtering target market size estimation in terms of value ($B).
Trend and Forecast Analysis: Market trends (2019 to 2024) and forecast (2025 to 2031) by various segments and regions.
Segmentation Analysis: Gadolinium sputtering target market size by type, application, and region in terms of value ($B).
Regional Analysis: Gadolinium sputtering target market breakdown by North America, Europe, Asia Pacific, and Rest of the World.
Growth Opportunities: Analysis of growth opportunities in different types, applications, and regions for the gadolinium sputtering target market.
Strategic Analysis: This includes M&A, new product development, and competitive landscape of the gadolinium sputtering target market.
Analysis of competitive intensity of the industry based on Porter’s Five Forces model.
If you are looking to expand your business in this or adjacent markets, then contact us. We have done hundreds of strategic consulting projects in market entry, opportunity screening, due diligence, supply chain analysis, M & A, and more.
This report answers following 11 key questions:
Q.1. What are some of the most promising, high-growth opportunities for the gadolinium sputtering target market by type (purity 99%, purity 99.5%, purity 99.9%, purity 99.95%, purity 99.99%, and purity 99.999%), application (semiconductor, chemical vapor deposition, physical vapor deposition, and others), and region (North America, Europe, Asia Pacific, and the Rest of the World)?
Q.2. Which segments will grow at a faster pace and why?
Q.3. Which region will grow at a faster pace and why?
Q.4. What are the key factors affecting market dynamics? What are the key challenges and business risks in this market?
Q.5. What are the business risks and competitive threats in this market?
Q.6. What are the emerging trends in this market and the reasons behind them?
Q.7. What are some of the changing demands of customers in the market?
Q.8. What are the new developments in the market? Which companies are leading these developments?
Q.9. Who are the major players in this market? What strategic initiatives are key players pursuing for business growth?
Q.10. What are some of the competing products in this market and how big of a threat do they pose for loss of market share by material or product substitution?
Q.11. What M&A activity has occurred in the last 5 years and what has its impact been on the industry?
1. EXECUTIVE SUMMARY
2. GLOBAL GADOLINIUM SPUTTERING TARGET MARKET: MARKET DYNAMICS
2.1: Introduction, Background, and Classifications
2.2: Supply Chain
2.3: Industry Drivers and Challenges
3. MARKET TRENDS AND FORECAST ANALYSIS FROM 2019 TO 2031
3.1. Macroeconomic Trends (2019-2024) and Forecast (2025-2031)
3.2. Global Gadolinium Sputtering Target Market Trends (2019-2024) and Forecast (2025-2031)
3.3: Global Gadolinium Sputtering Target Market by Type
3.3.1: Purity 99%
3.3.2: Purity 99.5%
3.3.3: Purity 99.9%
3.3.4: Purity 99.95%
3.3.5: Purity 99.99%
3.3.6: Purity 99.999%
3.4: Global Gadolinium Sputtering Target Market by Application
3.4.1: Semiconductor
3.4.2: Chemical Vapor Deposition
3.4.3: Physical Vapor Deposition
3.4.4: Others
4. MARKET TRENDS AND FORECAST ANALYSIS BY REGION FROM 2019 TO 2031
4.1: Global Gadolinium Sputtering Target Market by Region
4.2: North American Gadolinium Sputtering Target Market
4.2.1: North American Market by Type: Purity 99%, Purity 99.5%, Purity 99.9%, Purity 99.95%, Purity 99.99%, and Purity 99.999%
4.2.2: North American Market by Application: Semiconductor, Chemical Vapor Deposition, Physical Vapor Deposition, and Others
4.3: European Gadolinium Sputtering Target Market
4.3.1: European Market by Type: Purity 99%, Purity 99.5%, Purity 99.9%, Purity 99.95%, Purity 99.99%, and Purity 99.999%
4.3.2: European Market by Application: Semiconductor, Chemical Vapor Deposition, Physical Vapor Deposition, and Others
4.4: APAC Gadolinium Sputtering Target Market
4.4.1: APAC Market by Type: Purity 99%, Purity 99.5%, Purity 99.9%, Purity 99.95%, Purity 99.99%, and Purity 99.999%
4.4.2: APAC Market by Application: Semiconductor, Chemical Vapor Deposition, Physical Vapor Deposition, and Others
4.5: ROW Gadolinium Sputtering Target Market
4.5.1: ROW Market by Type: Purity 99%, Purity 99.5%, Purity 99.9%, Purity 99.95%, Purity 99.99%, and Purity 99.999%
4.5.2: ROW Market by Application: Semiconductor, Chemical Vapor Deposition, Physical Vapor Deposition, and Others
5. COMPETITOR ANALYSIS
5.1: Product Portfolio Analysis
5.2: Operational Integration
5.3: Porter’s Five Forces Analysis
6. GROWTH OPPORTUNITIES AND STRATEGIC ANALYSIS
6.1: Growth Opportunity Analysis
6.1.1: Growth Opportunities for the Global Gadolinium Sputtering Target Market by Type
6.1.2: Growth Opportunities for the Global Gadolinium Sputtering Target Market by Application
6.1.3: Growth Opportunities for the Global Gadolinium Sputtering Target Market by Region
6.2: Emerging Trends in the Global Gadolinium Sputtering Target Market
6.3: Strategic Analysis
6.3.1: New Product Development
6.3.2: Capacity Expansion of the Global Gadolinium Sputtering Target Market
6.3.3: Mergers, Acquisitions, and Joint Ventures in the Global Gadolinium Sputtering Target Market
6.3.4: Certification and Licensing
7. COMPANY PROFILES OF LEADING PLAYERS
7.1: American Elements
7.2: Kurt J. Lesker
7.3: Goodfellow
7.4: MSE Supplies
7.5: Nanoshel
7.6: Edgetech Industries
7.7: ALB Materials
7.8: QS Advanced Materials
7.9: China Rare Metal Material
7.10: Stanford Materials Corporation
2. GLOBAL GADOLINIUM SPUTTERING TARGET MARKET: MARKET DYNAMICS
2.1: Introduction, Background, and Classifications
2.2: Supply Chain
2.3: Industry Drivers and Challenges
3. MARKET TRENDS AND FORECAST ANALYSIS FROM 2019 TO 2031
3.1. Macroeconomic Trends (2019-2024) and Forecast (2025-2031)
3.2. Global Gadolinium Sputtering Target Market Trends (2019-2024) and Forecast (2025-2031)
3.3: Global Gadolinium Sputtering Target Market by Type
3.3.1: Purity 99%
3.3.2: Purity 99.5%
3.3.3: Purity 99.9%
3.3.4: Purity 99.95%
3.3.5: Purity 99.99%
3.3.6: Purity 99.999%
3.4: Global Gadolinium Sputtering Target Market by Application
3.4.1: Semiconductor
3.4.2: Chemical Vapor Deposition
3.4.3: Physical Vapor Deposition
3.4.4: Others
4. MARKET TRENDS AND FORECAST ANALYSIS BY REGION FROM 2019 TO 2031
4.1: Global Gadolinium Sputtering Target Market by Region
4.2: North American Gadolinium Sputtering Target Market
4.2.1: North American Market by Type: Purity 99%, Purity 99.5%, Purity 99.9%, Purity 99.95%, Purity 99.99%, and Purity 99.999%
4.2.2: North American Market by Application: Semiconductor, Chemical Vapor Deposition, Physical Vapor Deposition, and Others
4.3: European Gadolinium Sputtering Target Market
4.3.1: European Market by Type: Purity 99%, Purity 99.5%, Purity 99.9%, Purity 99.95%, Purity 99.99%, and Purity 99.999%
4.3.2: European Market by Application: Semiconductor, Chemical Vapor Deposition, Physical Vapor Deposition, and Others
4.4: APAC Gadolinium Sputtering Target Market
4.4.1: APAC Market by Type: Purity 99%, Purity 99.5%, Purity 99.9%, Purity 99.95%, Purity 99.99%, and Purity 99.999%
4.4.2: APAC Market by Application: Semiconductor, Chemical Vapor Deposition, Physical Vapor Deposition, and Others
4.5: ROW Gadolinium Sputtering Target Market
4.5.1: ROW Market by Type: Purity 99%, Purity 99.5%, Purity 99.9%, Purity 99.95%, Purity 99.99%, and Purity 99.999%
4.5.2: ROW Market by Application: Semiconductor, Chemical Vapor Deposition, Physical Vapor Deposition, and Others
5. COMPETITOR ANALYSIS
5.1: Product Portfolio Analysis
5.2: Operational Integration
5.3: Porter’s Five Forces Analysis
6. GROWTH OPPORTUNITIES AND STRATEGIC ANALYSIS
6.1: Growth Opportunity Analysis
6.1.1: Growth Opportunities for the Global Gadolinium Sputtering Target Market by Type
6.1.2: Growth Opportunities for the Global Gadolinium Sputtering Target Market by Application
6.1.3: Growth Opportunities for the Global Gadolinium Sputtering Target Market by Region
6.2: Emerging Trends in the Global Gadolinium Sputtering Target Market
6.3: Strategic Analysis
6.3.1: New Product Development
6.3.2: Capacity Expansion of the Global Gadolinium Sputtering Target Market
6.3.3: Mergers, Acquisitions, and Joint Ventures in the Global Gadolinium Sputtering Target Market
6.3.4: Certification and Licensing
7. COMPANY PROFILES OF LEADING PLAYERS
7.1: American Elements
7.2: Kurt J. Lesker
7.3: Goodfellow
7.4: MSE Supplies
7.5: Nanoshel
7.6: Edgetech Industries
7.7: ALB Materials
7.8: QS Advanced Materials
7.9: China Rare Metal Material
7.10: Stanford Materials Corporation