2015-2027 Global Coking Coal and Thermal Coal Industry Market Research Report, Segment by Player, Type, Application, Marketing Channel, and Region

April 2020 | 133 pages | ID: 212AAD10DA06EN
Maia Research

Abstracts

The worldwide market for Coking Coal and Thermal Coal is estimated to grow at a CAGR of roughly X.X% in the next 8 years, and will reach X.X million US$ in 2027, from X.X million US$ in 2020.

The report covers market size status and forecast, value chain analysis, market segmentation of Top countries in Major Regions, such as North America, Europe, Asia-Pacific, Latin America and Middle East & Africa, by type, application and marketing channel. In addition, the report focuses on the driving factors, restraints, opportunities and PEST analysis of major regions.

Major Companies Covered
BHP Billiton
Anglo American
Arch Coal
Alpha Natural Resources
Kibo Energy PLC
Cloud Peak Energy
Banks Group
RWE AG
New Age Exploration
Arch Coal, Inc.

Major Types Covered
Coking Coal
Thermal Coal

Major Applications Covered
Metallurgy
Power Industry
Train
Chemical
Others

Top Countries Data Covered in This Report
United States
Canada
Germany
UK
France
Italy
Spain
Russia
Netherlands
Turkey
Switzerland
Sweden
Poland
Belgium
China
Japan
South Korea
Australia
India
Taiwan
Indonesia
Thailand
Philippines
Malaysia
Brazil
Mexico
Argentina
Columbia
Chile
Saudi Arabia
UAE
Egypt
Nigeria
South Africa

Years considered for this report:
Historical Years: 2015-2019
Base Year: 2019
Estimated Year: 2020
Forecast Period: 2020-2027

Contents

1 INTRODUCTION

1.1 Objective of the Study
1.2 Definition of the Market
1.3 Market Scope
  1.3.1 Market Segment by Type, Application and Marketing Channel
  1.3.2 Major Regions Covered (North America, Europe, Asia Pacific, Mid East & Africa)
1.4 Years Considered for the Study (2015-2027)
1.5 Currency Considered (U.S. Dollar)
1.6 Stakeholders

2 KEY FINDINGS OF THE STUDY

3 MARKET DYNAMICS

3.1 Driving Factors for this Market
3.2 Factors Challenging the Market
3.3 Opportunities of the Global Coking Coal and Thermal Coal Market (Regions, Growing/Emerging Downstream Market Analysis)
3.4 Technological and Market Developments in the Coking Coal and Thermal Coal Market
3.5 Industry News by Region
3.6 Regulatory Scenario by Region/Country
3.7 Market Investment Scenario Strategic Recommendations Analysis

4 VALUE CHAIN OF THE COKING COAL AND THERMAL COAL MARKET

4.1 Value Chain Status
4.2 Upstream Raw Material Analysis
4.3 Midstream Major Company Analysis (by Manufacturing Base, by Product Type)
4.4 Distributors/Traders
4.5 Downstream Major Customer Analysis (by Region)

5 GLOBAL COKING COAL AND THERMAL COAL MARKET-SEGMENTATION BY TYPE

5.1 Coking Coal
5.2 Thermal Coal

6 GLOBAL COKING COAL AND THERMAL COAL MARKET-SEGMENTATION BY APPLICATION

6.1 Metallurgy
6.2 Power Industry
6.3 Train
6.4 Chemical
6.5 Others

7 GLOBAL COKING COAL AND THERMAL COAL MARKET-SEGMENTATION BY MARKETING CHANNEL

7.1 Traditional Marketing Channel (Offline)
7.2 Online Channel

8 COMPETITIVE INTELLIGENCE – COMPANY PROFILES

8.1 BHP Billiton
  8.1.1 BHP Billiton Profile
  8.1.2 BHP Billiton Sales, Growth Rate and Global Market Share from 2015-2020
  8.1.3 BHP Billiton Product/Solution Launches and Enhancements Analysis
  8.1.4 BHP Billiton Business Overview/Recent Development/Acquisitions
8.2 Anglo American
  8.2.1 Anglo American Profile
  8.2.2 Anglo American Sales, Growth Rate and Global Market Share from 2015-2020
  8.2.3 Anglo American Product/Solution Launches and Enhancements Analysis
  8.2.4 Anglo American Business Overview/Recent Development/Acquisitions
8.3 Arch Coal
  8.3.1 Arch Coal Profile
  8.3.2 Arch Coal Sales, Growth Rate and Global Market Share from 2015-2020
  8.3.3 Arch Coal Product/Solution Launches and Enhancements Analysis
  8.3.4 Arch Coal Business Overview/Recent Development/Acquisitions
8.4 Alpha Natural Resources
  8.4.1 Alpha Natural Resources Profile
  8.4.2 Alpha Natural Resources Sales, Growth Rate and Global Market Share from 2015-2020
  8.4.3 Alpha Natural Resources Product/Solution Launches and Enhancements Analysis
  8.4.4 Alpha Natural Resources Business Overview/Recent Development/Acquisitions
8.5 Kibo Energy PLC
  8.5.1 Kibo Energy PLC Profile
  8.5.2 Kibo Energy PLC Sales, Growth Rate and Global Market Share from 2015-2020
  8.5.3 Kibo Energy PLC Product/Solution Launches and Enhancements Analysis
  8.5.4 Kibo Energy PLC Business Overview/Recent Development/Acquisitions
8.6 Cloud Peak Energy
  8.6.1 Cloud Peak Energy Profile
  8.6.2 Cloud Peak Energy Sales, Growth Rate and Global Market Share from 2015-2020
  8.6.3 Cloud Peak Energy Product/Solution Launches and Enhancements Analysis
  8.6.4 Cloud Peak Energy Business Overview/Recent Development/Acquisitions
8.7 Banks Group
  8.7.1 Banks Group Profile
  8.7.2 Banks Group Sales, Growth Rate and Global Market Share from 2015-2020
  8.7.3 Banks Group Product/Solution Launches and Enhancements Analysis
  8.7.4 Banks Group Business Overview/Recent Development/Acquisitions
8.8 RWE AG
  8.8.1 RWE AG Profile
  8.8.2 RWE AG Sales, Growth Rate and Global Market Share from 2015-2020
  8.8.3 RWE AG Product/Solution Launches and Enhancements Analysis
  8.8.4 RWE AG Business Overview/Recent Development/Acquisitions
8.9 New Age Exploration
  8.9.1 New Age Exploration Profile
  8.9.2 New Age Exploration Sales, Growth Rate and Global Market Share from 2015-2020
  8.9.3 New Age Exploration Product/Solution Launches and Enhancements Analysis
  8.9.4 New Age Exploration Business Overview/Recent Development/Acquisitions
8.10 Arch Coal, Inc.
  8.10.1 Arch Coal, Inc. Profile
  8.10.2 Arch Coal, Inc. Sales, Growth Rate and Global Market Share from 2015-2020
  8.10.3 Arch Coal, Inc. Product/Solution Launches and Enhancements Analysis
  8.10.4 Arch Coal, Inc. Business Overview/Recent Development/Acquisitions

9 GLOBAL COKING COAL AND THERMAL COAL MARKET-SEGMENTATION BY GEOGRAPHY

10 NORTH AMERICA

10.1 North America Coking Coal and Thermal Coal Production, Ex-factory Price, Revenue, Gross Margin (%) and Gross Analysis from 2015-2020
10.2 North America Coking Coal and Thermal Coal Consumption, Terminal Price, Consumption Value and Channel Margin Analysis from 2015-2020
10.3 North America Coking Coal and Thermal Coal Production Analysis from 2015-2020
10.4 North America Coking Coal and Thermal Coal Consumption Analysis from 2015-2020
10.5 North America Coking Coal and Thermal Coal Import and Export from 2015-2020
10.6 North America Coking Coal and Thermal Coal Value, Production and Market Share by Type (2015-2020)
10.7 North America Coking Coal and Thermal Coal Consumption, Value and Market Share by Application (2015-2020)
10.8 North America Coking Coal and Thermal Coal by Country (United States, Canada)
  10.8.1 North America Coking Coal and Thermal Coal Sales by Country (2015-2020)
  10.8.2 North America Coking Coal and Thermal Coal Consumption Value by Country (2015-2020)
10.9 North America Coking Coal and Thermal Coal Market PEST Analysis

11 EUROPE

11.1 Europe Coking Coal and Thermal Coal Production, Ex-factory Price, Revenue, Gross Margin (%) and Gross Analysis from 2015-2020
11.2 Europe Coking Coal and Thermal Coal Consumption, Terminal Price, Consumption Value and Channel Margin Analysis from 2015-2020
11.3 Europe Coking Coal and Thermal Coal Production Analysis from 2015-2020
11.4 Europe Coking Coal and Thermal Coal Consumption Analysis from 2015-2020
11.5 Europe Coking Coal and Thermal Coal Import and Export from 2015-2020
11.6 Europe Coking Coal and Thermal Coal Value, Production and Market Share by Type (2015-2020)
11.7 Europe Coking Coal and Thermal Coal Consumption, Value and Market Share by Application (2015-2020)
11.8 Europe Coking Coal and Thermal Coal by Country (Germany, UK, France, Italy, Spain, Russia, Netherlands, Turkey, Switzerland, Sweden, Poland, Belgium)
  11.8.1 Europe Coking Coal and Thermal Coal Sales by Country (2015-2020)
  11.8.2 Europe Coking Coal and Thermal Coal Consumption Value by Country (2015-2020)
11.9 Europe Coking Coal and Thermal Coal Market PEST Analysis

12 ASIA-PACIFIC

12.1 Asia-Pacific Coking Coal and Thermal Coal Production, Ex-factory Price, Revenue, Gross Margin (%) and Gross Analysis from 2015-2020
12.2 Asia-Pacific Coking Coal and Thermal Coal Consumption, Terminal Price, Consumption Value and Channel Margin Analysis from 2015-2020
12.3 Asia-Pacific Coking Coal and Thermal Coal Production Analysis from 2015-2020
12.4 Asia-Pacific Coking Coal and Thermal Coal Consumption Analysis from 2015-2020
12.5 Asia-Pacific Coking Coal and Thermal Coal Import and Export from 2015-2020
12.6 Asia-Pacific Coking Coal and Thermal Coal Value, Production and Market Share by Type (2015-2020)
12.7 Asia-Pacific Coking Coal and Thermal Coal Consumption, Value and Market Share by Application (2015-2020)
12.8 Asia-Pacific Coking Coal and Thermal Coal by Country (China, Japan, South Korea, Australia, India, Taiwan, Indonesia, Thailand, Philippines, Malaysia)
  12.8.1 Asia-Pacific Coking Coal and Thermal Coal Sales by Country (2015-2020)
  12.8.2 Asia-Pacific Coking Coal and Thermal Coal Consumption Value by Country (2015-2020)
12.9 Asia-Pacific Coking Coal and Thermal Coal Market PEST Analysis

13 LATIN AMERICA

13.1 Latin America Coking Coal and Thermal Coal Production, Ex-factory Price, Revenue, Gross Margin (%) and Gross Analysis from 2015-2020
13.2 Latin America Coking Coal and Thermal Coal Consumption, Terminal Price, Consumption Value and Channel Margin Analysis from 2015-2020
13.3 Latin America Coking Coal and Thermal Coal Production Analysis from 2015-2020
13.4 Latin America Coking Coal and Thermal Coal Consumption Analysis from 2015-2020
13.5 Latin America Coking Coal and Thermal Coal Import and Export from 2015-2020
13.6 Latin America Coking Coal and Thermal Coal Value, Production and Market Share by Type (2015-2020)
13.7 Latin America Coking Coal and Thermal Coal Consumption, Value and Market Share by Application (2015-2020)
13.8 Latin America Coking Coal and Thermal Coal by Country (Brazil, Mexico, Argentina, Columbia, Chile)
  13.8.1 Latin America Coking Coal and Thermal Coal Sales by Country (2015-2020)
  13.8.2 Latin America Coking Coal and Thermal Coal Consumption Value by Country (2015-2020)
13.9 Latin America Coking Coal and Thermal Coal Market PEST Analysis

14 MIDDLE EAST & AFRICA

14.1 Middle East & Africa Coking Coal and Thermal Coal Production, Ex-factory Price, Revenue, Gross Margin (%) and Gross Analysis from 2015-2020
14.2 Middle East & Africa Coking Coal and Thermal Coal Consumption, Terminal Price, Consumption Value and Channel Margin Analysis from 2015-2020
14.3 Middle East & Africa Coking Coal and Thermal Coal Production Analysis from 2015-2020
14.4 Middle East & Africa Coking Coal and Thermal Coal Consumption Analysis from 2015-2020
14.5 Middle East & Africa Coking Coal and Thermal Coal Import and Export from 2015-2020
14.6 Middle East & Africa Coking Coal and Thermal Coal Value, Production and Market Share by Type (2015-2020)
14.7 Middle East & Africa Coking Coal and Thermal Coal Consumption, Value and Market Share by Application (2015-2020)
14.8 Middle East & Africa Coking Coal and Thermal Coal by Country (Saudi Arabia, UAE, Egypt, Nigeria, South Africa)
  14.8.1 Middle East & Africa Coking Coal and Thermal Coal Sales by Country (2015-2020)
  14.8.2 Middle East & Africa Coking Coal and Thermal Coal Consumption Value by Country (2015-2020)
14.9 Middle East & Africa Coking Coal and Thermal Coal Market PEST Analysis

15 FUTURE FORECAST OF THE GLOBAL COKING COAL AND THERMAL COAL MARKET FROM 2020-2027

15.1 Future Forecast of the Global Coking Coal and Thermal Coal Market from 2020-2027 Segment by Region
15.2 Global Coking Coal and Thermal Coal Production and Growth Rate Forecast by Type (2020-2027)
15.3 Global Coking Coal and Thermal Coal Consumption and Growth Rate Forecast by Application (2020-2027)

16 APPENDIX

16.1 Methodology
16.2 Research Data Source

List Of Tables

LIST OF TABLES AND FIGURES

Global Coking Coal and Thermal Coal Market Value ($) and Growth Rate of Coking Coal and Thermal Coal from 2015-2027
Global Coking Coal and Thermal Coal Production and Growth Rate Segment by Product Type from 2015-2027
Global Coking Coal and Thermal Coal Consumption and Growth Rate Segment by Application from 2015-2027
Figure Coking Coal and Thermal Coal Picture
Table Product Specifications of Coking Coal and Thermal Coal
Table Driving Factors for this Market
Table Industry News of Coking Coal and Thermal Coal Market
Figure Value Chain Status of Coking Coal and Thermal Coal
Table Midstream Major Company Analysis (by Manufacturing Base, by Product Type)
Table Distributors/Traders
Table Downstream Major Customer Analysis (by Region, by Preference)
Table Global Coking Coal and Thermal Coal Production and Growth Rate Segment by Product Type from 2015-2020
Table Global Coking Coal and Thermal Coal Value ($) and Growth Rate Segment by Product Type from 2015-2020
Figure Coking Coal of Coking Coal and Thermal Coal
Figure Thermal Coal of Coking Coal and Thermal Coal
Table Global Coking Coal and Thermal Coal Consumption and Growth Rate Segment by Application from 2015-2020
Table Global Coking Coal and Thermal Coal Value ($) and Growth Rate Segment by Application from 2015-2020
Figure Metallurgy of Coking Coal and Thermal Coal
Figure Power Industry of Coking Coal and Thermal Coal
Figure Train of Coking Coal and Thermal Coal
Figure Chemical of Coking Coal and Thermal Coal
Figure Others of Coking Coal and Thermal Coal
Table Global Coking Coal and Thermal Coal Consumption and Growth Rate Segment by Marketing Channel from 2015-2020
Table Global Coking Coal and Thermal Coal Value ($) and Growth Rate Segment by Marketing Channel from 2015-2020
Figure Traditional Marketing Channel (Offline) of Coking Coal and Thermal Coal
Figure Online Channel of Coking Coal and Thermal Coal
Table BHP Billiton Profile (Company Name, Plants Distribution, Sales Region)
Figure BHP Billiton Sales and Growth Rate from 2015-2020
Figure BHP Billiton Revenue ($) and Global Market Share from 2015-2020
Table BHP Billiton Coking Coal and Thermal Coal Sales, Price, Revenue, Gross Margin (2015-2020)
Table Anglo American Profile (Company Name, Plants Distribution, Sales Region)
Figure Anglo American Sales and Growth Rate from 2015-2020
Figure Anglo American Revenue ($) and Global Market Share from 2015-2020
Table Anglo American Coking Coal and Thermal Coal Sales, Price, Revenue, Gross Margin (2015-2020)
Table Arch Coal Profile (Company Name, Plants Distribution, Sales Region)
Figure Arch Coal Sales and Growth Rate from 2015-2020
Figure Arch Coal Revenue ($) and Global Market Share from 2015-2020
Table Arch Coal Coking Coal and Thermal Coal Sales, Price, Revenue, Gross Margin (2015-2020)
Table Alpha Natural Resources Profile (Company Name, Plants Distribution, Sales Region)
Figure Alpha Natural Resources Sales and Growth Rate from 2015-2020
Figure Alpha Natural Resources Revenue ($) and Global Market Share from 2015-2020
Table Alpha Natural Resources Coking Coal and Thermal Coal Sales, Price, Revenue, Gross Margin (2015-2020)
Table Kibo Energy PLC Profile (Company Name, Plants Distribution, Sales Region)
Figure Kibo Energy PLC Sales and Growth Rate from 2015-2020
Figure Kibo Energy PLC Revenue ($) and Global Market Share from 2015-2020
Table Kibo Energy PLC Coking Coal and Thermal Coal Sales, Price, Revenue, Gross Margin (2015-2020)
Table Cloud Peak Energy Profile (Company Name, Plants Distribution, Sales Region)
Figure Cloud Peak Energy Sales and Growth Rate from 2015-2020
Figure Cloud Peak Energy Revenue ($) and Global Market Share from 2015-2020
Table Cloud Peak Energy Coking Coal and Thermal Coal Sales, Price, Revenue, Gross Margin (2015-2020)
Table Banks Group Profile (Company Name, Plants Distribution, Sales Region)
Figure Banks Group Sales and Growth Rate from 2015-2020
Figure Banks Group Revenue ($) and Global Market Share from 2015-2020
Table Banks Group Coking Coal and Thermal Coal Sales, Price, Revenue, Gross Margin (2015-2020)
Table RWE AG Profile (Company Name, Plants Distribution, Sales Region)
Figure RWE AG Sales and Growth Rate from 2015-2020
Figure RWE AG Revenue ($) and Global Market Share from 2015-2020
Table RWE AG Coking Coal and Thermal Coal Sales, Price, Revenue, Gross Margin (2015-2020)
Table New Age Exploration Profile (Company Name, Plants Distribution, Sales Region)
Figure New Age Exploration Sales and Growth Rate from 2015-2020
Figure New Age Exploration Revenue ($) and Global Market Share from 2015-2020
Table New Age Exploration Coking Coal and Thermal Coal Sales, Price, Revenue, Gross Margin (2015-2020)
Table Arch Coal, Inc. Profile (Company Name, Plants Distribution, Sales Region)
Figure Arch Coal, Inc. Sales and Growth Rate from 2015-2020
Figure Arch Coal, Inc. Revenue ($) and Global Market Share from 2015-2020
Table Arch Coal, Inc. Coking Coal and Thermal Coal Sales, Price, Revenue, Gross Margin (2015-2020)
Table Global Coking Coal and Thermal Coal Production Value ($) by Region from 2015-2020
Table Global Coking Coal and Thermal Coal Production Value Share by Region from 2015-2020
Table Global Coking Coal and Thermal Coal Production by Region from 2015-2020
Table Global Coking Coal and Thermal Coal Consumption Value ($) by Region from 2015-2020
Table Global Coking Coal and Thermal Coal Consumption by Region from 2015-2020
Table North America Coking Coal and Thermal Coal Production, Ex-factory Price Revenue ($), Gross Margin (%) and Gross ($) Analysis from 2015-2020
Table North America Coking Coal and Thermal Coal Consumption, Terminal Price, Consumption Value ($) and Channel Margin Analysis from 2015-2020
Table North America Coking Coal and Thermal Coal Import and Export from 2015-2020
Table North America Coking Coal and Thermal Coal Value ($) by Type (2015-2020)
Table North America Coking Coal and Thermal Coal Production by Type (2015-2020)
Table North America Coking Coal and Thermal Coal Consumption by Application (2015-2020)
Table North America Coking Coal and Thermal Coal Consumption by Country (2015-2020)
Table North America Coking Coal and Thermal Coal Consumption Value ($) by Country (2015-2020)
Figure North America Coking Coal and Thermal Coal Market PEST Analysis
Table Europe Coking Coal and Thermal Coal Production, Ex-factory Price Revenue ($), Gross Margin (%) and Gross ($) Analysis from 2015-2020
Table Europe Coking Coal and Thermal Coal Consumption, Terminal Price, Consumption Value ($) and Channel Margin Analysis from 2015-2020
Table Europe Coking Coal and Thermal Coal Import and Export from 2015-2020
Table Europe Coking Coal and Thermal Coal Value ($) by Type (2015-2020)
Table Europe Coking Coal and Thermal Coal Production by Type (2015-2020)
Table Europe Coking Coal and Thermal Coal Consumption by Application (2015-2020)
Table Europe Coking Coal and Thermal Coal Consumption by Country (2015-2020)
Table Europe Coking Coal and Thermal Coal Consumption Value ($) by Country (2015-2020)
Figure Europe Coking Coal and Thermal Coal Market PEST Analysis
Table Asia-Pacific Coking Coal and Thermal Coal Production, Ex-factory Price Revenue ($), Gross Margin (%) and Gross ($) Analysis from 2015-2020
Table Asia-Pacific Coking Coal and Thermal Coal Consumption, Terminal Price, Consumption Value ($) and Channel Margin Analysis from 2015-2020
Table Asia-Pacific Coking Coal and Thermal Coal Import and Export from 2015-2020
Table Asia-Pacific Coking Coal and Thermal Coal Value ($) by Type (2015-2020)
Table Asia-Pacific Coking Coal and Thermal Coal Production by Type (2015-2020)
Table Asia-Pacific Coking Coal and Thermal Coal Consumption by Application (2015-2020)
Table Asia-Pacific Coking Coal and Thermal Coal Consumption by Country (2015-2020)
Table Asia-Pacific Coking Coal and Thermal Coal Consumption Value ($) by Country (2015-2020)
Figure Asia-Pacific Coking Coal and Thermal Coal Market PEST Analysis
Table Latin America Coking Coal and Thermal Coal Production, Ex-factory Price Revenue ($), Gross Margin (%) and Gross ($) Analysis from 2015-2020
Table Latin America Coking Coal and Thermal Coal Consumption, Terminal Price, Consumption Value ($) and Channel Margin Analysis from 2015-2020
Table Latin America Coking Coal and Thermal Coal Import and Export from 2015-2020
Table Latin America Coking Coal and Thermal Coal Value ($) by Type (2015-2020)
Table Latin America Coking Coal and Thermal Coal Production by Type (2015-2020)
Table Latin America Coking Coal and Thermal Coal Consumption by Application (2015-2020)
Table Latin America Coking Coal and Thermal Coal Consumption by Country (2015-2020)
Table Latin America Coking Coal and Thermal Coal Consumption Value ($) by Country (2015-2020)
Figure Latin America Coking Coal and Thermal Coal Market PEST Analysis
Table Middle East & Africa Coking Coal and Thermal Coal Production, Ex-factory Price Revenue ($), Gross Margin (%) and Gross ($) Analysis from 2015-2020
Table Middle East & Africa Coking Coal and Thermal Coal Consumption, Terminal Price, Consumption Value ($) and Channel Margin Analysis from 2015-2020
Table Middle East & Africa Coking Coal and Thermal Coal Import and Export from 2015-2020
Table Middle East & Africa Coking Coal and Thermal Coal Value ($) by Type (2015-2020)
Table Middle East & Africa Coking Coal and Thermal Coal Production by Type (2015-2020)
Table Middle East & Africa Coking Coal and Thermal Coal Consumption by Application (2015-2020)
Table Middle East & Africa Coking Coal and Thermal Coal Consumption by Country (2015-2020)
Table Middle East & Africa Coking Coal and Thermal Coal Consumption Value ($) by Country (2015-2020)
Figure Middle East & Africa Coking Coal and Thermal Coal Market PEST Analysis
Table Global Coking Coal and Thermal Coal Value ($) and Growth Rate Forecast by Region (2020-2027)
Table Global Coking Coal and Thermal Coal Production and Growth Rate Forecast by Region (2020-2027)
Table Global Coking Coal and Thermal Coal Consumption and Growth Rate Forecast by Region (2020-2027)
Table Global Coking Coal and Thermal Coal Production and Growth Rate Forecast by Type (2020-2027)
Table Global Coking Coal and Thermal Coal Consumption and Growth Rate Forecast by Application (2020-2027)