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Bio-Succinic Acid Market - Global Industry Size, Share, Trends, Opportunity, and Forecast, Segmented By Application (BDO, Polyester Polyols, Plasticizers, PBS/PBST, Alkyd Resins, Polymers and Esters, Solvents and Coatings, Others), By End User (Food and Beverages, Pharmaceuticals, Personal Care and Cosmetics, Others), By Region and Competition, 2019-2029F

June 2024 | 181 pages | ID: BDBC12284A62EN
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Global Bio-Succinic Acid Market was valued at USD 126.36 Million in 2023 and is anticipated t%li%grow with a CAGR of 4.43% through 2029. Bio-succinic acid, derived from renewable biomass, stands as a pivotal chemical compound boasting extensive utility across various industries. Its potential t%li%supplant conventional petroleum-derived succinic acid is gaining traction, owing t%li%its environmentally conscious manufacturing process and sustainable characteristics. This alternative, sourced from bio-resources, showcases comparable performance attributes while concurrently reducing carbon footprints and diminishing reliance on finite energy sources. Its adoption is on the rise across sectors like pharmaceuticals, agriculture, food and beverage, cosmetics, and bioplastics, where ecological considerations profoundly influence product innovation and consumer preferences. In addition t%li%its role in product formulations, bio-succinic acid plays a crucial role in numerous biochemical processes within the human body. When externally applied, it harbors the potential t%li%alleviate joint pain and discomfort associated with arthritis. Bio-Succinic Acid is als%li%acknowledged for its efficacy in reducing signs of aging and aiding in the mitigation of skin scars.

The anticipated surge in demand for bio-succinic acid stems from the escalating interest in natural products, perceived as both safe for human use and environmentally friendly. The market landscape is marked by intense competition, characterized by the presence of numerous multinational corporations engaged in production, research, and development endeavors. With a diverse array of products experiencing robust demand, the global bio-succinic acid market is poised for substantial expansion.

The burgeoning demand for eco-friendly alternatives underscores a pivotal shift in consumer preferences towards sustainability and environmental stewardship. As regulatory frameworks continue t%li%tighten around emissions and waste management, industries are increasingly compelled t%li%explore sustainable alternatives t%li%conventional chemical compounds. Bio-succinic acid emerges as a viable solution, offering not only comparable performance but als%li%environmental benefits, aligning with the broader sustainability goals of businesses and governments alike.

The versatility of bio-succinic acid renders it adaptable t%li%a wide array of applications, further driving its market growth. In pharmaceuticals, it serves as a key ingredient in drug formulations, owing t%li%its biocompatibility and therapeutic properties. In agriculture, it finds utility as a component in fertilizers and crop protection products, contributing t%li%enhanced agricultural practices with minimal environmental impact. Its use in the food and beverage industry as a flavoring agent and preservative underscores its multifaceted appeal across diverse sectors.

The growing recognition of bio-succinic acid's benefits extends beyond its immediate applications, transcending int%li%broader sustainability narratives. As businesses strive t%li%meet consumer demands for eco-friendly products and governments enact stringent regulations t%li%curb carbon emissions, bio-based alternatives like succinic acid are poised t%li%play an increasingly integral role in fostering a more sustainable future.

Bio-succinic acid represents a compelling alternative t%li%traditional petroleum-derived succinic acid, offering comparable performance characteristics alongside environmental advantages. Its increasing adoption across various industries reflects a broader shift towards sustainability and environmental responsibility. As market demand continues t%li%escalate, fueled by consumer preferences for natural and eco-friendly products, the global bio-succinic acid market is primed for significant expansion, heralding a promising era for sustainable chemical compounds.

Key Market Drivers

Rising Demand for Sustainable Alternatives

The rising demand for sustainable alternatives serves as a significant driver for the Global Bio-Succinic Acid. As environmental concerns such as climate change, pollution, and resource depletion gain traction, there's an increasing preference for products with minimal environmental impact. Bio-succinic acid, sourced from renewable biomass, emerges as a sustainable substitute for conventional petroleum-derived succinic acid. Its production process emits fewer carbon emissions and reduces reliance on finite fossil fuels, aligning with sustainability objectives.

Many firms are actively embracing sustainability initiatives as part of their corporate social responsibility (CSR) endeavors, aiming t%li%reduce their ecological footprint, utilize renewable resources, and promote circular economy principles. In November 2023, the NEOSUCCESS project, funded by the European Union, discovered a method t%li%leverage biogas plants for environmental gains. Through a straightforward plug-and-play technology, these plants can now generate biomethane and bio-succinic acid (BioSA) simultaneously. Succinic acid stands as a pivotal multifunctional industrial chemical, predominantly sourced from petroleum. With this innovation, existing biogas plants can seamlessly retrofit t%li%produce biomethane and bio-succinic acid, marking a significant step towards sustainability in industrial processes. Integrating bio-succinic acid int%li%their offerings enables companies t%li%showcase their sustainability commitment and appeal t%li%environmentally conscious consumers.

The shift towards sustainability presents lucrative market prospects for bio-based chemicals like succinic acid. As industries and consumers increasingly prioritize sustainability, the demand for bio-succinic acid is projected t%li%rise across diverse sectors, including pharmaceuticals, agriculture, food and beverage, cosmetics, and bioplastics. This offers opportunities for firms engaged in bio-succinic acid production and distribution t%li%capitalize on the escalating market demand and expand their business endeavors.

Rising Demand for Personal Care Products

There's a rising consumer preference for personal care items containing natural and organic components. Bio-succinic acid, sourced from renewable biomass, fits well int%li%this trend as it's perceived as a natural substitute for synthetic chemicals commonly found in personal care products. It's authorized by Ecocert, non-GMO, and derived entirely from renewable vegetable sources, making it a safe, sustainable, and versatile alternative t%li%other commonly used acids like salicylic acid in cosmetics. This novel, natural ingredient offers specific benefits such as antimicrobial, anti-acne, anti-psoriasis, antioxidant, and slimming properties, enabling the creation of a wide range of cosmetics and toiletries including body washes, shower gels, scrubs, exfoliation products, shampoos, and soaps with antimicrobial qualities, among others.

Succinic acid is associated with various cosmetic advantages, such as stimulating mitochondrial respiration, acting as an antioxidant, and exhibiting significant antimicrobial activity against acne-causing microorganisms. Additionally, it serves as an excellent pH modifier due t%li%its high-water solubility. Succinate esters like heptyl succinate or iso-octyl succinate are commonly utilized in cosmetics as emollients, further enhancing the effectiveness and quality of personal care formulations.

In the competitive personal care market, manufacturers are constantly searching for innovative ingredients t%li%set their products apart. Integrating bio-succinic acid int%li%personal care formulations enables companies t%li%offer distinctive and environmentally friendly products that appeal t%li%eco-conscious consumers, thereby gaining a competitive advantage. Biologically produced succinic acid is increasingly favored as petroleum prices fluctuate, and commercial decisions increasingly prioritize environmental concerns alongside pricing considerations. The growing demand for personal care products is driving the need for bio-succinic acid as a crucial ingredient in formulations, contributing t%li%the expansion of the Global Bio-Succinic Acid Market.

Key Market Challenges

Cost Competitiveness

Technological Cost competitiveness poses a significant challenge for the Global Bio-Succinic Acid Market. Bio-succinic acid directly competes with petroleum-based succinic acid and other petrochemical alternatives. Petrochemicals often enjoy advantages such as established infrastructure, lower production costs, and economies of scale, which can make it difficult for bio-succinic acid t%li%compete solely on price. In markets where price sensitivity is high, this competitive pricing pressure can constrain the market share and growth prospects of bio-succinic acid.

The availability and price fluctuations of feedstock, such as biomass or agricultural residues, used in bio-succinic acid production, can impact overall production costs. Variations in feedstock prices, disruptions in the supply chain, and competition from other industries can introduce uncertainty and instability in the cost of bio-succinic acid production.

Despite advancements in biotechnology that have enhanced efficiency, these processes are costlier compared t%li%conventional methods employed in petroleum-based succinic acid production. Elevated production costs can hinder the competitiveness of bio-succinic acid, particularly in price-sensitive markets.

Technological Limitations

Despite advancements in biotechnology enhancing the efficiency of bio-succinic acid production, challenges persist in optimizing fermentation processes and increasing yield. Achieving high yields of bio-succinic acid while ensuring cost-effectiveness and minimizing production time remains a technological hurdle.

Scaling up production from laboratory or pilot-scale t%li%commercial-scale operations poses significant technological challenges. Factors like process scalability, equipment design, and process control must be carefully optimized t%li%ensure consistent and reliable bio-succinic acid production at larger volumes. Maintaining stringent purity and quality standards is imperative for bio-succinic acid acceptance in various industries, notably pharmaceuticals and food. Technological limitations in purification and quality control processes can impact the purity, consistency, and performance of bio-succinic acid, constraining its market potential.

Continuous technological innovation is essential t%li%enhance resource efficiency in bio-succinic acid production, including reducing water and energy consumption, minimizing waste generation, and optimizing raw material utilization. Improving resource efficiency not only cuts production costs but als%li%bolsters the environmental sustainability of bio-succinic acid production.

Key Market Trends

Growing Emphasis on Bioplastics

Increasing concerns about plastic pollution and the pursuit of sustainability objectives have resulted in a notable increase in the demand for bioplastics. Bio-succinic acid plays a crucial role as a primary component in the manufacturing of biodegradable and compostable plastics, thereby fueling its demand within this industry segment. Bioplastics, derived from bio-succinic acid, are increasingly gaining favor as eco-friendly alternatives t%li%conventional plastics. Bio-succinic acid plays a pivotal role as a fundamental component in various bioplastic materials like PBS, PBAT, and PBSA. The rising demand for bioplastics is driving the need for bio-succinic acid as an essential raw material.

Bioplastics offer the opportunity t%li%decrease carbon dioxide emissions by a minimum of 30%, if not more, and their adoption can result in a 42% reduction in carbon footprints. Additionally, the production of bioplastics consumes 65% less energy compared t%li%conventional petroleum-based plastics. Regulatory initiatives targeting plastic waste reduction and environmental sustainability, coupled with growing consumer consciousness, are propelling the adoption of bioplastics. Businesses face mounting pressure t%li%align with sustainability objectives and meet consumer preferences for green products. There is a growing interest in procuring renewable and biodegradable inputs like bio-succinic acid for bioplastic manufacturing.

Collaboration among stakeholders along the bioplastics value chain, including bio-succinic acid suppliers, bioplastic producers, brands, and research entities, fosters innovation and stimulates market expansion. BioAmber Inc. and South Korean-based CJ CheilJedang Corporation (CJCJ) have entered a non-binding letter of intent t%li%establish a joint venture focused on producing bio-succinic acid. The plan involves retrofitting an existing CJCJ fermentation facility in China with BioAmber's succinic acid technology, requiring minimal capital investment. These partnerships facilitate the enhancements in production techniques, and the broadening of market penetration, thereby spurring demand for bio-succinic acid as a vital ingredient.

Segmental Insights

Application Insights

Based on application, the 1,4-butanediol (BDO) segment emerged as the dominant segment in the global market for Bio-Succinic Acid in 2023. This can be attributed t%li%the strong demand for products like polyurethane, tetrahydrofuran, and polybutylene, among others. The utilization of 1,4-butanediol (BDO) extends across various sectors, from major polymer manufacturing t%li%its role in the production of plastics. Key polymers such as polyurethanes, polyethers, and polyesters rely on BDO as a crucial component in their manufacturing processes. Particularly noteworthy is BDO's significant contribution t%li%the production of polybutylene terephthalate (PBT) and tetrahydrofuran (THF) resins used in plastic engineering applications. The rising demand for BDO and its derivatives, including THF, is anticipated t%li%drive the demand for bio-succinic acid, fostering robust market growth.

Regulatory measures promoting the adoption of renewable and sustainable chemicals, coupled with mandates aimed at reducing carbon emissions and environmental impact, create an enabling environment for the expansion of bio-based chemicals like BDO. Canada's government announced a USD 1 Million investment in compostable bioplastics in February 2024. The global implementation of single-use plastic bans als%li%serves as a driving force for bioplastics production, including BDO. Government incentives and policies supporting the uptake of bio-based materials further encourage investment and innovation in the bio-succinic acid market.

End User Insights

Based on end user, the food and beverages segment emerged as the dominant in the global market for Bio-Succinic acid in 2023. Bio-succinic acid plays a significant role in the food and beverage sector, serving as both a flavor enhancer and a stabilizing agent for pH levels and preservation. Its utilization contributes t%li%improving the sensory qualities, longevity, and overall quality of a wide array of food and beverage items. As consumer preferences lean towards natural and organic ingredients in this sector, bio-succinic acid, sourced from renewable materials like biomass, aligns well with this trend, offering a viable substitute for synthetic additives.

Bio-succinic acid regulatory approval for food and beverage applications underscores its safety and suitability for consumption. With sustainability emerging as a paramount concern across industries, including food and beverages, bio-succinic acid presents an eco-friendly alternative t%li%traditional petroleum-derived succinic acid, thereby lessening dependence on non-renewable resources and mitigating environmental impact.

Regional Insights

Based on Region, Europe emerged as the dominant region in the Global Bio-Succinic Acid Market in 2023, holding the largest market share. The growth in the European market is fueled by a surge in demand for eco-conscious construction practices in the area. Factors such as escalating carbon emissions, a growing inclination towards utilizing locally sourced materials, and the volatility in fossil fuel prices are pivotal drivers of market expansion in Europe. Additionally, Europe benefits from a robust biotechnology sector, renowned for its proficiency in fermentation techniques crucial for bio-succinic acid production. This established infrastructure has expedited the commercialization and scaling up of bio-succinic acid manufacturing within the region.

Key Market Players
  • BASF SE
  • Roquette Fr?res SA
  • Koninklijke DSM N.V.
  • BioAmber Inc.
  • Myriant Corporation
  • Kawasaki Kasei Chemicals Ltd
  • Mitsui & Co., Ltd
  • Corbion N.V.
  • Nippon Shokubai Co., Ltd.
  • Mitsubishi Chemical Group Corporation
Report Scope:

In this report, the Global Bio-Succinic Acid Market has been segmented int%li%the following categories, in addition t%li%the industry trends which have als%li%been detailed below:
  • Bio-Succinic Acid Market, By Application:
  • BDO
  • Polyester Polyols
  • Plasticizers
  • PBS/PBST
  • Alkyd Resins
  • Polymers and Esters
  • Solvents and Coatings
  • Others
  • Bio-Succinic Acid Market, By End User:
  • Food and Beverages
  • Pharmaceuticals
  • Personal Care and Cosmetics
  • Others
  • Bio-Succinic Acid Market, By Region:
  • North America
  • United States
  • Canada
  • Mexico
  • Europe
  • France
  • United Kingdom
  • Italy
  • Germany
  • Spain
  • Asia Pacific
  • China
  • India
  • Japan
  • Australia
  • South Korea
  • South America
  • Brazil
  • Argentina
  • Colombia
  • Middle East & Africa
  • South Africa
  • Saudi Arabia
  • UAE
Competitive Landscape

Company Profiles: Detailed analysis of the major companies presents in the Global Bio-Succinic Acid Market.

Available Customizations:

Global Bio-Succinic Acid Market report with the given market data, Tech Sci Research offers customizations according t%li%a company's specific needs. The following customization options are available for the report:

Company Information
    • Detailed analysis and profiling of additional market players (up t%li%five).
1. PRODUCT OVERVIEW

1.1. Market Definition
1.2. Scope of the Market
  1.2.1. Markets Covered
  1.2.2. Years Considered for Study
  1.2.3. Key Market Segmentations

2. RESEARCH METHODOLOGY

2.1. Objective of the Study
2.2. Baseline Methodology
2.3. Key Industry Partners
2.4. Major Association and Secondary Sources
2.5. Forecasting Methodology
2.6. Data Triangulation & Validation
2.7. Assumptions and Limitations

3. EXECUTIVE SUMMARY

3.1. Overview of the Market
3.2. Overview of Key Market Segmentations
3.3. Overview of Key Market Players
3.4. Overview of Key Regions/Countries
3.5. Overview of Market Drivers, Challenges, Trends

4. IMPACT OF COVID-19 ON GLOBAL BIO-SUCCINIC ACID MARKET

5. IMPACT OF WARS ON GLOBAL BIO-SUCCINIC ACID MARKET

6. GLOBAL BIO-SUCCINIC ACID MARKET OUTLOOK

6.1. Market Size & Forecast
  6.1.1. By Value & Volume
6.2. Market Share & Forecast
  6.2.1. By Application (BDO, Polyester Polyols, Plasticizers, PBS/PBST, Alkyd Resins, Polymers and Esters, Solvents and Coatings, Others)
  6.2.2. By End User (Food and Beverages, Pharmaceuticals, Personal Care and Cosmetics, Others)
  6.2.3. By Region
  6.2.4. By Company (2023)
6.3. Market Map

7. ASIA PACIFIC BIO-SUCCINIC ACID MARKET OUTLOOK

7.1. Market Size & Forecast
  7.1.1. By Value & Volume
7.2. Market Share & Forecast
  7.2.1. By Application
  7.2.2. By End User
  7.2.3. By Country
7.3. Asia Pacific: Country Analysis
  7.3.1. China Bio-Succinic Acid Market Outlook
    7.3.1.1. Market Size & Forecast
      7.3.1.1.1. By Value & Volume
    7.3.1.2. Market Share & Forecast
      7.3.1.2.1. By Application
      7.3.1.2.2. By End User
  7.3.2. India Bio-Succinic Acid Market Outlook
    7.3.2.1. Market Size & Forecast
      7.3.2.1.1. By Value & Volume
    7.3.2.2. Market Share & Forecast
      7.3.2.2.1. By Application
      7.3.2.2.2. By End User
  7.3.3. Australia Bio-Succinic Acid Market Outlook
    7.3.3.1. Market Size & Forecast
      7.3.3.1.1. By Value & Volume
    7.3.3.2. Market Share & Forecast
      7.3.3.2.1. By Application
      7.3.3.2.2. By End User
  7.3.4. Japan Bio-Succinic Acid Market Outlook
    7.3.4.1. Market Size & Forecast
      7.3.4.1.1. By Value & Volume
    7.3.4.2. Market Share & Forecast
      7.3.4.2.1. By Application
      7.3.4.2.2. By End User
  7.3.5. South Korea Bio-Succinic Acid Market Outlook
    7.3.5.1. Market Size & Forecast
      7.3.5.1.1. By Value & Volume
    7.3.5.2. Market Share & Forecast
      7.3.5.2.1. By Application
      7.3.5.2.2. By End User

8. EUROPE BIO-SUCCINIC ACID MARKET OUTLOOK

8.1. Market Size & Forecast
  8.1.1. By Value & Volume
8.2. Market Share & Forecast
  8.2.1. By Application
  8.2.2. By End User
  8.2.3. By Country
8.3. Europe: Country Analysis
  8.3.1. France Bio-Succinic Acid Market Outlook
    8.3.1.1. Market Size & Forecast
      8.3.1.1.1. By Value & Volume
    8.3.1.2. Market Share & Forecast
      8.3.1.2.1. By Application
      8.3.1.2.2. By End User
  8.3.2. Germany Bio-Succinic Acid Market Outlook
    8.3.2.1. Market Size & Forecast
      8.3.2.1.1. By Value & Volume
    8.3.2.2. Market Share & Forecast
      8.3.2.2.1. By Application
      8.3.2.2.2. By End User
  8.3.3. Spain Bio-Succinic Acid Market Outlook
    8.3.3.1. Market Size & Forecast
      8.3.3.1.1. By Value & Volume
    8.3.3.2. Market Share & Forecast
      8.3.3.2.1. By Application
      8.3.3.2.2. By End User
  8.3.4. Italy Bio-Succinic Acid Market Outlook
    8.3.4.1. Market Size & Forecast
      8.3.4.1.1. By Value & Volume
    8.3.4.2. Market Share & Forecast
      8.3.4.2.1. By Application
      8.3.4.2.2. By End User
  8.3.5. United Kingdom Bio-Succinic Acid Market Outlook
    8.3.5.1. Market Size & Forecast
      8.3.5.1.1. By Value & Volume
    8.3.5.2. Market Share & Forecast
      8.3.5.2.1. By Application
      8.3.5.2.2. By End User

9. NORTH AMERICA BIO-SUCCINIC ACID MARKET OUTLOOK

9.1. Market Size & Forecast
  9.1.1. By Value & Volume
9.2. Market Share & Forecast
  9.2.1. By Application
  9.2.2. By End User
  9.2.3. By Country
9.3. North America: Country Analysis
  9.3.1. United States Bio-Succinic Acid Market Outlook
    9.3.1.1. Market Size & Forecast
      9.3.1.1.1. By Value & Volume
    9.3.1.2. Market Share & Forecast
      9.3.1.2.1. By Application
      9.3.1.2.2. By End User
  9.3.2. Mexico Bio-Succinic Acid Market Outlook
    9.3.2.1. Market Size & Forecast
      9.3.2.1.1. By Value & Volume
    9.3.2.2. Market Share & Forecast
      9.3.2.2.1. By Application
      9.3.2.2.2. By End User
  9.3.3. Canada Bio-Succinic Acid Market Outlook
    9.3.3.1. Market Size & Forecast
      9.3.3.1.1. By Value & Volume
    9.3.3.2. Market Share & Forecast
      9.3.3.2.1. By Application
      9.3.3.2.2. By End User

10. SOUTH AMERICA BIO-SUCCINIC ACID MARKET OUTLOOK

10.1. Market Size & Forecast
  10.1.1. By Value & Volume
10.2. Market Share & Forecast
  10.2.1. By Application
  10.2.2. By End User
  10.2.3. By Country
10.3. South America: Country Analysis
  10.3.1. Brazil Bio-Succinic Acid Market Outlook
    10.3.1.1. Market Size & Forecast
      10.3.1.1.1. By Value & Volume
    10.3.1.2. Market Share & Forecast
      10.3.1.2.1. By Application
      10.3.1.2.2. By End User
  10.3.2. Argentina Bio-Succinic Acid Market Outlook
    10.3.2.1. Market Size & Forecast
      10.3.2.1.1. By Value & Volume
    10.3.2.2. Market Share & Forecast
      10.3.2.2.1. By Application
      10.3.2.2.2. By End User
  10.3.3. Colombia Bio-Succinic Acid Market Outlook
    10.3.3.1. Market Size & Forecast
      10.3.3.1.1. By Value & Volume
    10.3.3.2. Market Share & Forecast
      10.3.3.2.1. By Application
      10.3.3.2.2. By End User

11. MIDDLE EAST AND AFRICA BIO-SUCCINIC ACID MARKET OUTLOOK

11.1. Market Size & Forecast
  11.1.1. By Value & Volume
11.2. Market Share & Forecast
  11.2.1. By Application
  11.2.2. By End User
  11.2.3. By Country
11.3. MEA: Country Analysis
  11.3.1. South Africa Bio-Succinic Acid Market Outlook
    11.3.1.1. Market Size & Forecast
      11.3.1.1.1. By Value & Volume
    11.3.1.2. Market Share & Forecast
      11.3.1.2.1. By Application
      11.3.1.2.2. By End User
  11.3.2. Saudi Arabia Bio-Succinic Acid Market Outlook
      11.3.2.1.1. By Value & Volume
    11.3.2.2. Market Share & Forecast
      11.3.2.2.1. By Application
      11.3.2.2.2. By End User
  11.3.3. UAE Bio-Succinic Acid Market Outlook
    11.3.3.1. Market Size & Forecast
      11.3.3.1.1. By Value & Volume
    11.3.3.2. Market Share & Forecast
      11.3.3.2.1. By Application
      11.3.3.2.2. By End User

12. MARKET DYNAMICS

12.1. Drivers
12.2. Challenges

13. MARKET TRENDS & DEVELOPMENTS

13.1. Recent Developments
13.2. Product Launches (If Any)
13.3. Mergers & Acquisitions (If Any)

14. GLOBAL BIO-SUCCINIC ACID MARKET: SWOT ANALYSIS

15. PORTER’S FIVE FORCES ANALYSIS

15.1. Competition in the Industry
15.2. Potential of New Entrants
15.3. Power of Suppliers
15.4. Power of Customers
15.5. Threat of Substitute Products

16. PRICING ANALYSIS

17. COMPETITIVE LANDSCAPE

17.1. BASF SE
  17.1.1. Business Overview
  17.1.2. Company Snapshot
  17.1.3. Products & Services
  17.1.4. Financials (As Reported)
  17.1.5. Recent Developments
  17.1.6. SWOT Analysis
17.2. Roquette Fr?res SA
17.3. Koninklijke DSM N.V.
17.4. BioAmber Inc.
17.5. Myriant Corporation
17.6. Kawasaki Kasei Chemicals Ltd
17.7. Mitsui & Co., Ltd
17.8. Corbion N.V.
17.9. Nippon Shokubai Co., Ltd.
17.10. Mitsubishi Chemical Group Corporation

18. STRATEGIC RECOMMENDATIONS

19. ABOUT US & DISCLAIMER



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