2017-2025 World Hydrogen Peroxide Market Research Report (by Product Type, End-User/Application and Regions/Countries)
SUMMARY
Hydrogen peroxide, (H2O2), is a clear, colorless, slightly viscous liquid. It is a green oxidant that decomposes in water and oxygen. It is slightly denser than water, but is miscible with water in all proportions, used principally for bleaching cotton and other textiles and wood pulp, in the manufacture of other chemicals, as a rocket propellant, and for cosmetic and medicinal purposes. Solutions containing more than about 8 percent hydrogen peroxide are corrosive to the skin.Hydrogen peroxide is marketed in the form of aqueous solutions. Major commercial grades are aqueous solutions containing 27.5, 35, 50, 70, or 90 percent hydrogen peroxide and small amounts of stabilizers (often tin salts and phosphates) to suppress decomposition.
This report includes market status and forecast of global and major regions, with introduction of vendors, regions, product types and end industries; and this report counts product types and end industries in global and major regions.
The report includes as follows:
The report provides current data, historical overview and future forecast.
The report includes an in-depth analysis of the Global market for Hydrogen Peroxide , covering Global total and major region markets.
The data of 2017-2025 are included. All-inclusive market are given through data on sales, consumption, and prices (Global total and by major regions).
The report provides introduction of leading Global manufacturers.
Hydrogen Peroxide market prospects to 2025 are included (in sales, consumption and price).
Market Segment as follows:
By Region / Countries
Hydrogen peroxide, (H2O2), is a clear, colorless, slightly viscous liquid. It is a green oxidant that decomposes in water and oxygen. It is slightly denser than water, but is miscible with water in all proportions, used principally for bleaching cotton and other textiles and wood pulp, in the manufacture of other chemicals, as a rocket propellant, and for cosmetic and medicinal purposes. Solutions containing more than about 8 percent hydrogen peroxide are corrosive to the skin.Hydrogen peroxide is marketed in the form of aqueous solutions. Major commercial grades are aqueous solutions containing 27.5, 35, 50, 70, or 90 percent hydrogen peroxide and small amounts of stabilizers (often tin salts and phosphates) to suppress decomposition.
This report includes market status and forecast of global and major regions, with introduction of vendors, regions, product types and end industries; and this report counts product types and end industries in global and major regions.
The report includes as follows:
The report provides current data, historical overview and future forecast.
The report includes an in-depth analysis of the Global market for Hydrogen Peroxide , covering Global total and major region markets.
The data of 2017-2025 are included. All-inclusive market are given through data on sales, consumption, and prices (Global total and by major regions).
The report provides introduction of leading Global manufacturers.
Hydrogen Peroxide market prospects to 2025 are included (in sales, consumption and price).
Market Segment as follows:
By Region / Countries
- North America (U.S., Canada, Mexico)
- Europe (Germany, U.K., France, Italy, Russia, Spain etc)
- Asia-Pacific (China, India, Japan, Southeast Asia etc)
- South America (Brazil, Argentina etc)
- Middle East & Africa (Saudi Arabia, South Africa etc)
- Purity 27.5%
- Purity 35%
- Purity 50%
- Others
- Pulp & Paper
- Textile bleaching
- Consumer uses
- Chemical synthesis
- Environmental
- Solvay
- Evonik
- Arkema
- Peroxy Chem
- Akzo Nobel
- Kemira
- MGC
- OCI Chem
- NPL
- Huatai Paper
- Zhongcheng Chem
- Jiangshan H2O2
- Haoyuan Chem
- Zhongneng Chem
- Xinhua Ltd
- Jinhe Shiye
- HECG
- Hengtong Chem
- Lee & Man Chem
- Kingboard
- MGC-Suhua
- SINOPEC Baling Company
- Luxi Chem
- Dasheng Chem
- Longxin Chem
- Mingshui Chem
- Fujian Tianchen Yaolong New Material
1 MARKET DEFINITION
1.1 Market Segment Overview
1.2 by Type
1.3 by End-Use / Application
2 GLOBAL MARKET BY VENDORS
2.1 Market Share
2.2 Vendor Profile
2.3 Dynamic of Vendors
3 GLOBAL MARKET BY TYPE
3.1 Market Share
3.2 Introduction of End-Use by Different Products
4 GLOBAL MARKET BY END-USE / APPLICATION
4.1 Market Share
4.2 Overview of Consumption Characteristics
4.2.1 Preference Driven
4.2.2 Substitutability
4.2.3 Influence by Strategy
4.2.4 Professional Needs
5 GLOBAL MARKET BY REGIONS
5.1 Market Share
5.2 Regional Market Growth
5.2.1 North America
5.2.2 Europe
5.2.3 Asia-Pacific
5.2.4 South America
5.2.5 Middle East & Africa
6 NORTH AMERICA MARKET
6.1 by Type
6.2 by End-Use / Application
6.3 by Regions
7 EUROPE MARKET
7.1 by Type
7.2 by End-Use / Application
7.3 by Regions
8 ASIA-PACIFIC MARKET
8.1 by Type
8.2 by End-Use / Application
8.3 by Regions
9 SOUTH AMERICA MARKET
9.1 by Type
9.2 by End-Use / Application
9.3 by Regions
10 MIDDLE EAST & AFRICA MARKET
10.1 by Type
10.2 by End-Use / Application
10.3 by Regions
11 MARKET FORECAST
11.1 Global Market Forecast (2020-2025)
11.2 Market Forecast by Regions (2020-2025)
11.3 Market Forecast by Type (2020-2025)
11.4 Market Forecast by End-Use / Application (2020-2025)
12 KEY MANUFACTURERS
12.PARKER SOLVAY
12.1.2 Company Overview
12.1.2 Product and End-User / Application
12.1.3 Business Data (Capacity, Sales Revenue, Volume, Price, Cost and Margin)
12.2 Evonik
12.3 Arkema
12.4 Peroxy Chem
12.5 Akzo Nobel
12.6 Kemira
12.7 MGC
12.8 OCI Chem
12.9 NPL
12.10 Huatai Paper
12.11 Zhongcheng Chem
12.12 Jiangshan H2O2
12.13 Haoyuan Chem
12.14 Zhongneng Chem
12.15 Xinhua Ltd
12.16 Jinhe Shiye
12.17 HECG
12.18 Hengtong Chem
12.19 Lee & Man Chem
12.20 Kingboard
12.21 MGC-Suhua
12.22 SINOPEC Baling Company
12.23 Luxi Chem
12.24 Dasheng Chem
12.25 Longxin Chem
12.26 Mingshui Chem
12.27 Fujian Tianchen Yaolong New Material
13 PRICE OVERVIEW
13.1 Price Segment
13.2 Price Trend
14 RESEARCH CONCLUSION
1.1 Market Segment Overview
1.2 by Type
1.3 by End-Use / Application
2 GLOBAL MARKET BY VENDORS
2.1 Market Share
2.2 Vendor Profile
2.3 Dynamic of Vendors
3 GLOBAL MARKET BY TYPE
3.1 Market Share
3.2 Introduction of End-Use by Different Products
4 GLOBAL MARKET BY END-USE / APPLICATION
4.1 Market Share
4.2 Overview of Consumption Characteristics
4.2.1 Preference Driven
4.2.2 Substitutability
4.2.3 Influence by Strategy
4.2.4 Professional Needs
5 GLOBAL MARKET BY REGIONS
5.1 Market Share
5.2 Regional Market Growth
5.2.1 North America
5.2.2 Europe
5.2.3 Asia-Pacific
5.2.4 South America
5.2.5 Middle East & Africa
6 NORTH AMERICA MARKET
6.1 by Type
6.2 by End-Use / Application
6.3 by Regions
7 EUROPE MARKET
7.1 by Type
7.2 by End-Use / Application
7.3 by Regions
8 ASIA-PACIFIC MARKET
8.1 by Type
8.2 by End-Use / Application
8.3 by Regions
9 SOUTH AMERICA MARKET
9.1 by Type
9.2 by End-Use / Application
9.3 by Regions
10 MIDDLE EAST & AFRICA MARKET
10.1 by Type
10.2 by End-Use / Application
10.3 by Regions
11 MARKET FORECAST
11.1 Global Market Forecast (2020-2025)
11.2 Market Forecast by Regions (2020-2025)
11.3 Market Forecast by Type (2020-2025)
11.4 Market Forecast by End-Use / Application (2020-2025)
12 KEY MANUFACTURERS
12.PARKER SOLVAY
12.1.2 Company Overview
12.1.2 Product and End-User / Application
12.1.3 Business Data (Capacity, Sales Revenue, Volume, Price, Cost and Margin)
12.2 Evonik
12.3 Arkema
12.4 Peroxy Chem
12.5 Akzo Nobel
12.6 Kemira
12.7 MGC
12.8 OCI Chem
12.9 NPL
12.10 Huatai Paper
12.11 Zhongcheng Chem
12.12 Jiangshan H2O2
12.13 Haoyuan Chem
12.14 Zhongneng Chem
12.15 Xinhua Ltd
12.16 Jinhe Shiye
12.17 HECG
12.18 Hengtong Chem
12.19 Lee & Man Chem
12.20 Kingboard
12.21 MGC-Suhua
12.22 SINOPEC Baling Company
12.23 Luxi Chem
12.24 Dasheng Chem
12.25 Longxin Chem
12.26 Mingshui Chem
12.27 Fujian Tianchen Yaolong New Material
13 PRICE OVERVIEW
13.1 Price Segment
13.2 Price Trend
14 RESEARCH CONCLUSION
LIST OF TABLES
Table Global Hydrogen Peroxide Market and Growth by Type
Table Global Hydrogen Peroxide Market and Growth by End-Use / Application
Table Global Hydrogen Peroxide Revenue (Million USD) by Vendors (2017-2019)
Table Global Hydrogen Peroxide Revenue Share by Vendors (2017-2019)
Table Global Hydrogen Peroxide Market Volume (Volume) by Vendors (2017-2019)
Table Global Hydrogen Peroxide Market Volume Share by Vendors (2017-2019)
Table Headquarter, Factories & Sales Regions Comparison of Vendors
Table Product List of Vendors
Table Global Hydrogen Peroxide Market (Million USD) by Type (2017-2019)
Table Global Hydrogen Peroxide Market Share by Type (2017-2019)
Table Global Hydrogen Peroxide Market Volume (Volume) by Type (2017-2019)
Table Global Hydrogen Peroxide Market Volume Share by Type (2017-2019)
Table Global Hydrogen Peroxide Market (Million USD) by End-Use / Application (2017-2019)
Table Global Hydrogen Peroxide Market Share by End-Use / Application (2017-2019)
Table Global Hydrogen Peroxide Market Volume (Volume) by End-Use / Application (2017-2019)
Table Global Hydrogen Peroxide Market Volume Share by End-Use / Application (2017-2019)
Table Global Hydrogen Peroxide Market (Million USD) by Regions (2017-2019)
Table Global Hydrogen Peroxide Market Share by Regions (2017-2019)
Table Global Hydrogen Peroxide Market Volume (Volume) by Regions (2017-2019)
Table Global Hydrogen Peroxide Market Volume Share by Regions (2017-2019)
Table North America Hydrogen Peroxide Market (Million USD) by Type (2017-2019)
Table North America Hydrogen Peroxide Market Share by Type (2017-2019)
Table North America Hydrogen Peroxide Market (Million USD) by End-Use / Application (2017-2019)
Table North America Hydrogen Peroxide Market Share by End-Use / Application (2017-2019)
Table North America Hydrogen Peroxide Market (Million USD) by Regions (2017-2019)
Table North America Hydrogen Peroxide Market Share by Regions (2017-2019)
Table Europe Hydrogen Peroxide Market (Million USD) by Type (2017-2019)
Table Europe Hydrogen Peroxide Market Share by Type (2017-2019)
Table Europe Hydrogen Peroxide Market (Million USD) by End-Use / Application (2017-2019)
Table Europe Hydrogen Peroxide Market Share by End-Use / Application (2017-2019)
Table Europe Hydrogen Peroxide Market (Million USD) by Regions (2017-2019)
Table Europe Hydrogen Peroxide Market Share by Regions (2017-2019)
Table Asia-Pacific Hydrogen Peroxide Market (Million USD) by Type (2017-2019)
Table Asia-Pacific Hydrogen Peroxide Market Share by Type (2017-2019)
Table Asia-Pacific Hydrogen Peroxide Market (Million USD) by End-Use / Application (2017-2019)
Table Asia-Pacific Hydrogen Peroxide Market Share by End-Use / Application (2017-2019)
Table Asia-Pacific Hydrogen Peroxide Market (Million USD) by Regions (2017-2019)
Table Asia-Pacific Hydrogen Peroxide Market Share by Regions (2017-2019)
Table South America Hydrogen Peroxide Market (Million USD) by Type (2017-2019)
Table South America Hydrogen Peroxide Market Share by Type (2017-2019)
Table South America Hydrogen Peroxide Market (Million USD) by End-Use / Application (2017-2019)
Table South America Hydrogen Peroxide Market Share by End-Use / Application (2017-2019)
Table South America Hydrogen Peroxide Market (Million USD) by Regions (2017-2019)
Table Middle East & Africa Hydrogen Peroxide Market Share by Regions (2017-2019)
Table Middle East & Africa Hydrogen Peroxide Market (Million USD) by Type (2017-2019)
Table Middle East & Africa Hydrogen Peroxide Market Share by Type (2017-2019)
Table Middle East & Africa Hydrogen Peroxide Market (Million USD) by End-Use / Application (2017-2019)
Table Middle East & Africa Hydrogen Peroxide Market Share by End-Use / Application (2017-2019)
Table Middle East & Africa Hydrogen Peroxide Market (Million USD) by Regions (2017-2019)
Table Middle East & Africa Hydrogen Peroxide Market Share by Regions (2017-2019)
Table Global Hydrogen Peroxide Market (Million USD) Forecast by Regions (2020-2025)
Table Global Hydrogen Peroxide Market Share Forecast by Regions (2020-2025)
Table Global Hydrogen Peroxide Market Volume (Volume) Forecast by Regions (2020-2025)
Table Global Hydrogen Peroxide Market Volume Share Forecast by Regions (2020-2025)
Table Global Hydrogen Peroxide Market (Million USD) Forecast by Type (2020-2025)
Table Global Hydrogen PeroxideMarket Share by Forecast Type (2020-2025)
Table Global Hydrogen Peroxide Market (Million USD) Forecast by End-Use / Application (2020-2025)
Table Global Hydrogen Peroxide Market Share Forecast by End-Use / Application (2020-2025)
Table Sales Revenue, Volume, Price, Cost and Margin of Solvay
Table Sales Revenue, Volume, Price, Cost and Margin of Evonik
Table Sales Revenue, Volume, Price, Cost and Margin of Arkema
Table Sales Revenue, Volume, Price, Cost and Margin of Peroxy Chem
Table Sales Revenue, Volume, Price, Cost and Margin of Akzo Nobel
Table Sales Revenue, Volume, Price, Cost and Margin of Kemira
Table Sales Revenue, Volume, Price, Cost and Margin of MGC
Table Sales Revenue, Volume, Price, Cost and Margin of OCI Chem
Table Sales Revenue, Volume, Price, Cost and Margin of NPL
Table Sales Revenue, Volume, Price, Cost and Margin of Huatai Paper
Table Sales Revenue, Volume, Price, Cost and Margin of Zhongcheng Chem
Table Sales Revenue, Volume, Price, Cost and Margin of Jiangshan H2O2
Table Sales Revenue, Volume, Price, Cost and Margin of Haoyuan Chem
Table Sales Revenue, Volume, Price, Cost and Margin of Zhongneng Chem
Table Sales Revenue, Volume, Price, Cost and Margin of Xinhua Ltd
Table Sales Revenue, Volume, Price, Cost and Margin of Jinhe Shiye
Table Sales Revenue, Volume, Price, Cost and Margin of HECG
Table Sales Revenue, Volume, Price, Cost and Margin of Hengtong Chem
Table Sales Revenue, Volume, Price, Cost and Margin of Lee & Man Chem
Table Sales Revenue, Volume, Price, Cost and Margin of Kingboard
Table Sales Revenue, Volume, Price, Cost and Margin of MGC-Suhua
Table Sales Revenue, Volume, Price, Cost and Margin of SINOPEC Baling Company
Table Sales Revenue, Volume, Price, Cost and Margin of Luxi Chem
Table Sales Revenue, Volume, Price, Cost and Margin of Dasheng Chem
Table Sales Revenue, Volume, Price, Cost and Margin of Longxin Chem
Table Sales Revenue, Volume, Price, Cost and Margin of Mingshui Chem
Table Sales Revenue, Volume, Price, Cost and Margin of Fujian Tianchen Yaolong New Material
Table Global Hydrogen Peroxide Market and Growth by Type
Table Global Hydrogen Peroxide Market and Growth by End-Use / Application
Table Global Hydrogen Peroxide Revenue (Million USD) by Vendors (2017-2019)
Table Global Hydrogen Peroxide Revenue Share by Vendors (2017-2019)
Table Global Hydrogen Peroxide Market Volume (Volume) by Vendors (2017-2019)
Table Global Hydrogen Peroxide Market Volume Share by Vendors (2017-2019)
Table Headquarter, Factories & Sales Regions Comparison of Vendors
Table Product List of Vendors
Table Global Hydrogen Peroxide Market (Million USD) by Type (2017-2019)
Table Global Hydrogen Peroxide Market Share by Type (2017-2019)
Table Global Hydrogen Peroxide Market Volume (Volume) by Type (2017-2019)
Table Global Hydrogen Peroxide Market Volume Share by Type (2017-2019)
Table Global Hydrogen Peroxide Market (Million USD) by End-Use / Application (2017-2019)
Table Global Hydrogen Peroxide Market Share by End-Use / Application (2017-2019)
Table Global Hydrogen Peroxide Market Volume (Volume) by End-Use / Application (2017-2019)
Table Global Hydrogen Peroxide Market Volume Share by End-Use / Application (2017-2019)
Table Global Hydrogen Peroxide Market (Million USD) by Regions (2017-2019)
Table Global Hydrogen Peroxide Market Share by Regions (2017-2019)
Table Global Hydrogen Peroxide Market Volume (Volume) by Regions (2017-2019)
Table Global Hydrogen Peroxide Market Volume Share by Regions (2017-2019)
Table North America Hydrogen Peroxide Market (Million USD) by Type (2017-2019)
Table North America Hydrogen Peroxide Market Share by Type (2017-2019)
Table North America Hydrogen Peroxide Market (Million USD) by End-Use / Application (2017-2019)
Table North America Hydrogen Peroxide Market Share by End-Use / Application (2017-2019)
Table North America Hydrogen Peroxide Market (Million USD) by Regions (2017-2019)
Table North America Hydrogen Peroxide Market Share by Regions (2017-2019)
Table Europe Hydrogen Peroxide Market (Million USD) by Type (2017-2019)
Table Europe Hydrogen Peroxide Market Share by Type (2017-2019)
Table Europe Hydrogen Peroxide Market (Million USD) by End-Use / Application (2017-2019)
Table Europe Hydrogen Peroxide Market Share by End-Use / Application (2017-2019)
Table Europe Hydrogen Peroxide Market (Million USD) by Regions (2017-2019)
Table Europe Hydrogen Peroxide Market Share by Regions (2017-2019)
Table Asia-Pacific Hydrogen Peroxide Market (Million USD) by Type (2017-2019)
Table Asia-Pacific Hydrogen Peroxide Market Share by Type (2017-2019)
Table Asia-Pacific Hydrogen Peroxide Market (Million USD) by End-Use / Application (2017-2019)
Table Asia-Pacific Hydrogen Peroxide Market Share by End-Use / Application (2017-2019)
Table Asia-Pacific Hydrogen Peroxide Market (Million USD) by Regions (2017-2019)
Table Asia-Pacific Hydrogen Peroxide Market Share by Regions (2017-2019)
Table South America Hydrogen Peroxide Market (Million USD) by Type (2017-2019)
Table South America Hydrogen Peroxide Market Share by Type (2017-2019)
Table South America Hydrogen Peroxide Market (Million USD) by End-Use / Application (2017-2019)
Table South America Hydrogen Peroxide Market Share by End-Use / Application (2017-2019)
Table South America Hydrogen Peroxide Market (Million USD) by Regions (2017-2019)
Table Middle East & Africa Hydrogen Peroxide Market Share by Regions (2017-2019)
Table Middle East & Africa Hydrogen Peroxide Market (Million USD) by Type (2017-2019)
Table Middle East & Africa Hydrogen Peroxide Market Share by Type (2017-2019)
Table Middle East & Africa Hydrogen Peroxide Market (Million USD) by End-Use / Application (2017-2019)
Table Middle East & Africa Hydrogen Peroxide Market Share by End-Use / Application (2017-2019)
Table Middle East & Africa Hydrogen Peroxide Market (Million USD) by Regions (2017-2019)
Table Middle East & Africa Hydrogen Peroxide Market Share by Regions (2017-2019)
Table Global Hydrogen Peroxide Market (Million USD) Forecast by Regions (2020-2025)
Table Global Hydrogen Peroxide Market Share Forecast by Regions (2020-2025)
Table Global Hydrogen Peroxide Market Volume (Volume) Forecast by Regions (2020-2025)
Table Global Hydrogen Peroxide Market Volume Share Forecast by Regions (2020-2025)
Table Global Hydrogen Peroxide Market (Million USD) Forecast by Type (2020-2025)
Table Global Hydrogen PeroxideMarket Share by Forecast Type (2020-2025)
Table Global Hydrogen Peroxide Market (Million USD) Forecast by End-Use / Application (2020-2025)
Table Global Hydrogen Peroxide Market Share Forecast by End-Use / Application (2020-2025)
Table Sales Revenue, Volume, Price, Cost and Margin of Solvay
Table Sales Revenue, Volume, Price, Cost and Margin of Evonik
Table Sales Revenue, Volume, Price, Cost and Margin of Arkema
Table Sales Revenue, Volume, Price, Cost and Margin of Peroxy Chem
Table Sales Revenue, Volume, Price, Cost and Margin of Akzo Nobel
Table Sales Revenue, Volume, Price, Cost and Margin of Kemira
Table Sales Revenue, Volume, Price, Cost and Margin of MGC
Table Sales Revenue, Volume, Price, Cost and Margin of OCI Chem
Table Sales Revenue, Volume, Price, Cost and Margin of NPL
Table Sales Revenue, Volume, Price, Cost and Margin of Huatai Paper
Table Sales Revenue, Volume, Price, Cost and Margin of Zhongcheng Chem
Table Sales Revenue, Volume, Price, Cost and Margin of Jiangshan H2O2
Table Sales Revenue, Volume, Price, Cost and Margin of Haoyuan Chem
Table Sales Revenue, Volume, Price, Cost and Margin of Zhongneng Chem
Table Sales Revenue, Volume, Price, Cost and Margin of Xinhua Ltd
Table Sales Revenue, Volume, Price, Cost and Margin of Jinhe Shiye
Table Sales Revenue, Volume, Price, Cost and Margin of HECG
Table Sales Revenue, Volume, Price, Cost and Margin of Hengtong Chem
Table Sales Revenue, Volume, Price, Cost and Margin of Lee & Man Chem
Table Sales Revenue, Volume, Price, Cost and Margin of Kingboard
Table Sales Revenue, Volume, Price, Cost and Margin of MGC-Suhua
Table Sales Revenue, Volume, Price, Cost and Margin of SINOPEC Baling Company
Table Sales Revenue, Volume, Price, Cost and Margin of Luxi Chem
Table Sales Revenue, Volume, Price, Cost and Margin of Dasheng Chem
Table Sales Revenue, Volume, Price, Cost and Margin of Longxin Chem
Table Sales Revenue, Volume, Price, Cost and Margin of Mingshui Chem
Table Sales Revenue, Volume, Price, Cost and Margin of Fujian Tianchen Yaolong New Material
LIST OF FIGURES
Figure Global Hydrogen Peroxide Market Size (Million USD) 2017-2025
Figure North America Market Growth 2015-2018
Figure Europe Market Growth 2017-2019
Figure Asia-Pacific Market Growth 2017-2019
Figure South America Market Growth 2017-2019
Figure Middle East & Africa Market Growth 2017-2019
Figure Global Hydrogen Peroxide Market (Million USD) and Growth Forecast (2020-2025)
Figure Global Hydrogen Peroxide Market Volume (Volume) and Growth Forecast (2020-2025)
Figure Global Hydrogen Peroxide Market Size (Million USD) 2017-2025
Figure North America Market Growth 2015-2018
Figure Europe Market Growth 2017-2019
Figure Asia-Pacific Market Growth 2017-2019
Figure South America Market Growth 2017-2019
Figure Middle East & Africa Market Growth 2017-2019
Figure Global Hydrogen Peroxide Market (Million USD) and Growth Forecast (2020-2025)
Figure Global Hydrogen Peroxide Market Volume (Volume) and Growth Forecast (2020-2025)
