United States Voice Coil Motor (VCM) Market Report 2017

October 2017 | 111 pages | ID: UA5F36CEA03EN
QYResearch

Abstracts

In this report, the United States Voice Coil Motor (VCM) market is valued at USD XX million in 2016 and is expected to reach USD XX million by the end of 2022, growing at a CAGR of XX% between 2016 and 2022.

Geographically, this report splits the United States market into seven regions:

• The West
• Southwest
• The Middle Atlantic
• New England
• The South
• The Midwest
• with sales (volume), revenue (value), market share and growth rate of Voice Coil Motor (VCM) in these regions, from 2012 to 2022 (forecast).

United States Voice Coil Motor (VCM) market competition by top manufacturers/players, with Voice Coil Motor (VCM) sales volume, price, revenue (Million USD) and market share for each manufacturer/player; the top players including

• Alps
• Mitsumi
• TDK
• JAHWA
• SEMCO
• New-Shicoh
• Billu
• Hysonic
• LG Innotek
• Guixin
• Xinhongzhou
• JCT
• JSS

On the basis of product, this report displays the production, revenue, price, market share and growth rate of each type, primarily split into

• AF VCM
• OIS VCM

On the basis on the end users/applications, this report focuses on the status and outlook for major applications/end users, sales volume, market share and growth rate of Voice Coil Motor (VCM) for each application, including

• 5M-8M Camera Modules
• 9M-12M Camera Modules
• 13M-16M Camera Modules
• Other

If you have any special requirements, please let us know and we will offer you the report as you want.

Contents

United States Voice Coil Motor (VCM) Market Report 2017

1 VOICE COIL MOTOR (VCM) OVERVIEW

1.1 Product Overview and Scope of Voice Coil Motor (VCM)
1.2 Classification of Voice Coil Motor (VCM) by Product Category
  1.2.1 United States Voice Coil Motor (VCM) Market Size (Sales Volume) Comparison by Type (2012-2022)
  1.2.2 United States Voice Coil Motor (VCM) Market Size (Sales Volume) Market Share by Type (Product Category) in 2016
  1.2.3 AF VCM
  1.2.4 OIS VCM
1.3 United States Voice Coil Motor (VCM) Market by Application/End Users
  1.3.1 United States Voice Coil Motor (VCM) Market Size (Consumption) and Market Share Comparison by Application (2012-2022)
  1.3.2 5M-8M Camera Modules
  1.3.3 9M-12M Camera Modules
  1.3.4 13M-16M Camera Modules
  1.3.5 Other
1.4 United States Voice Coil Motor (VCM) Market by Region
  1.4.1 United States Voice Coil Motor (VCM) Market Size (Value) Comparison by Region (2012-2022)
  1.4.2 The West Voice Coil Motor (VCM) Status and Prospect (2012-2022)
  1.4.3 Southwest Voice Coil Motor (VCM) Status and Prospect (2012-2022)
  1.4.4 The Middle Atlantic Voice Coil Motor (VCM) Status and Prospect (2012-2022)
  1.4.5 New England Voice Coil Motor (VCM) Status and Prospect (2012-2022)
  1.4.6 The South Voice Coil Motor (VCM) Status and Prospect (2012-2022)
  1.4.7 The Midwest Voice Coil Motor (VCM) Status and Prospect (2012-2022)
1.5 United States Market Size (Value and Volume) of Voice Coil Motor (VCM) (2012-2022)
  1.5.1 United States Voice Coil Motor (VCM) Sales and Growth Rate (2012-2022)
  1.5.2 United States Voice Coil Motor (VCM) Revenue and Growth Rate (2012-2022)

2 UNITED STATES VOICE COIL MOTOR (VCM) MARKET COMPETITION BY PLAYERS/SUPPLIERS

2.1 United States Voice Coil Motor (VCM) Sales and Market Share of Key Players/Suppliers (2012-2017)
2.2 United States Voice Coil Motor (VCM) Revenue and Share by Players/Suppliers (2012-2017)
2.3 United States Voice Coil Motor (VCM) Average Price by Players/Suppliers (2012-2017)
2.4 United States Voice Coil Motor (VCM) Market Competitive Situation and Trends
  2.4.1 United States Voice Coil Motor (VCM) Market Concentration Rate
  2.4.2 United States Voice Coil Motor (VCM) Market Share of Top 3 and Top 5 Players/Suppliers
  2.4.3 Mergers & Acquisitions, Expansion in United States Market
2.5 United States Players/Suppliers Voice Coil Motor (VCM) Manufacturing Base Distribution, Sales Area, Product Type

3 UNITED STATES VOICE COIL MOTOR (VCM) SALES (VOLUME) AND REVENUE (VALUE) BY REGION (2012-2017)

3.1 United States Voice Coil Motor (VCM) Sales and Market Share by Region (2012-2017)
3.2 United States Voice Coil Motor (VCM) Revenue and Market Share by Region (2012-2017)
3.3 United States Voice Coil Motor (VCM) Price by Region (2012-2017)

4 UNITED STATES VOICE COIL MOTOR (VCM) SALES (VOLUME) AND REVENUE (VALUE) BY TYPE (PRODUCT CATEGORY) (2012-2017)

4.1 United States Voice Coil Motor (VCM) Sales and Market Share by Type (Product Category) (2012-2017)
4.2 United States Voice Coil Motor (VCM) Revenue and Market Share by Type (2012-2017)
4.3 United States Voice Coil Motor (VCM) Price by Type (2012-2017)
4.4 United States Voice Coil Motor (VCM) Sales Growth Rate by Type (2012-2017)

5 UNITED STATES VOICE COIL MOTOR (VCM) SALES (VOLUME) BY APPLICATION (2012-2017)

5.1 United States Voice Coil Motor (VCM) Sales and Market Share by Application (2012-2017)
5.2 United States Voice Coil Motor (VCM) Sales Growth Rate by Application (2012-2017)
5.3 Market Drivers and Opportunities

6 UNITED STATES VOICE COIL MOTOR (VCM) PLAYERS/SUPPLIERS PROFILES AND SALES DATA

6.1 Alps
  6.1.1 Company Basic Information, Manufacturing Base and Competitors
  6.1.2 Voice Coil Motor (VCM) Product Category, Application and Specification
    6.1.2.1 Product A
    6.1.2.2 Product B
  6.1.3 Alps Voice Coil Motor (VCM) Sales, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2012-2017)
  6.1.4 Main Business/Business Overview
6.2 Mitsumi
  6.2.2 Voice Coil Motor (VCM) Product Category, Application and Specification
    6.2.2.1 Product A
    6.2.2.2 Product B
  6.2.3 Mitsumi Voice Coil Motor (VCM) Sales, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2012-2017)
  6.2.4 Main Business/Business Overview
6.3 TDK
  6.3.2 Voice Coil Motor (VCM) Product Category, Application and Specification
    6.3.2.1 Product A
    6.3.2.2 Product B
  6.3.3 TDK Voice Coil Motor (VCM) Sales, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2012-2017)
  6.3.4 Main Business/Business Overview
6.4 JAHWA
  6.4.2 Voice Coil Motor (VCM) Product Category, Application and Specification
    6.4.2.1 Product A
    6.4.2.2 Product B
  6.4.3 JAHWA Voice Coil Motor (VCM) Sales, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2012-2017)
  6.4.4 Main Business/Business Overview
6.5 SEMCO
  6.5.2 Voice Coil Motor (VCM) Product Category, Application and Specification
    6.5.2.1 Product A
    6.5.2.2 Product B
  6.5.3 SEMCO Voice Coil Motor (VCM) Sales, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2012-2017)
  6.5.4 Main Business/Business Overview
6.6 New-Shicoh
  6.6.2 Voice Coil Motor (VCM) Product Category, Application and Specification
    6.6.2.1 Product A
    6.6.2.2 Product B
  6.6.3 New-Shicoh Voice Coil Motor (VCM) Sales, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2012-2017)
  6.6.4 Main Business/Business Overview
6.7 Billu
  6.7.2 Voice Coil Motor (VCM) Product Category, Application and Specification
    6.7.2.1 Product A
    6.7.2.2 Product B
  6.7.3 Billu Voice Coil Motor (VCM) Sales, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2012-2017)
  6.7.4 Main Business/Business Overview
6.8 Hysonic
  6.8.2 Voice Coil Motor (VCM) Product Category, Application and Specification
    6.8.2.1 Product A
    6.8.2.2 Product B
  6.8.3 Hysonic Voice Coil Motor (VCM) Sales, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2012-2017)
  6.8.4 Main Business/Business Overview
6.9 LG Innotek
  6.9.2 Voice Coil Motor (VCM) Product Category, Application and Specification
    6.9.2.1 Product A
    6.9.2.2 Product B
  6.9.3 LG Innotek Voice Coil Motor (VCM) Sales, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2012-2017)
  6.9.4 Main Business/Business Overview
6.10 Guixin
  6.10.2 Voice Coil Motor (VCM) Product Category, Application and Specification
    6.10.2.1 Product A
    6.10.2.2 Product B
  6.10.3 Guixin Voice Coil Motor (VCM) Sales, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2012-2017)
  6.10.4 Main Business/Business Overview
6.11 Xinhongzhou
6.12 JCT
6.13 JSS

7 VOICE COIL MOTOR (VCM) MANUFACTURING COST ANALYSIS

7.1 Voice Coil Motor (VCM) Key Raw Materials Analysis
  7.1.1 Key Raw Materials
  7.1.2 Price Trend of Key Raw Materials
  7.1.3 Key Suppliers of Raw Materials
  7.1.4 Market Concentration Rate of Raw Materials
7.2 Proportion of Manufacturing Cost Structure
  7.2.1 Raw Materials
  7.2.2 Labor Cost
  7.2.3 Manufacturing Expenses
7.3 Manufacturing Process Analysis of Voice Coil Motor (VCM)

8 INDUSTRIAL CHAIN, SOURCING STRATEGY AND DOWNSTREAM BUYERS

8.1 Voice Coil Motor (VCM) Industrial Chain Analysis
8.2 Upstream Raw Materials Sourcing
8.3 Raw Materials Sources of Voice Coil Motor (VCM) Major Manufacturers in 2016
8.4 Downstream Buyers

9 MARKETING STRATEGY ANALYSIS, DISTRIBUTORS/TRADERS

9.1 Marketing Channel
  9.1.1 Direct Marketing
  9.1.2 Indirect Marketing
  9.1.3 Marketing Channel Development Trend
9.2 Market Positioning
  9.2.1 Pricing Strategy
  9.2.2 Brand Strategy
  9.2.3 Target Client
9.3 Distributors/Traders List

10 MARKET EFFECT FACTORS ANALYSIS

10.1 Technology Progress/Risk
  10.1.1 Substitutes Threat
  10.1.2 Technology Progress in Related Industry
10.2 Consumer Needs/Customer Preference Change
10.3 Economic/Political Environmental Change

11 UNITED STATES VOICE COIL MOTOR (VCM) MARKET SIZE (VALUE AND VOLUME) FORECAST (2017-2022)

11.1 United States Voice Coil Motor (VCM) Sales Volume, Revenue Forecast (2017-2022)
11.2 United States Voice Coil Motor (VCM) Sales Volume Forecast by Type (2017-2022)
11.3 United States Voice Coil Motor (VCM) Sales Volume Forecast by Application (2017-2022)
11.4 United States Voice Coil Motor (VCM) Sales Volume Forecast by Region (2017-2022)

12 RESEARCH FINDINGS AND CONCLUSION

13 APPENDIX

13.1 Methodology/Research Approach
  13.1.1 Research Programs/Design
  13.1.2 Market Size Estimation
  13.1.3 Market Breakdown and Data Triangulation
13.2 Data Source
  13.2.1 Secondary Sources
  13.2.2 Primary Sources
13.3 Disclaimer


The report requires updating with new data and is sent in 2-3 business days after order is placed.

List Of Tables

LIST OF TABLES AND FIGURES

Figure Product Picture of Voice Coil Motor (VCM)
Figure United States Voice Coil Motor (VCM) Market Size (Million Units) by Type (2012-2022)
Figure United States Voice Coil Motor (VCM) Sales Volume Market Share by Type (Product Category) in 2016
Figure AF VCM Product Picture
Figure OIS VCM Product Picture
Figure United States Voice Coil Motor (VCM) Market Size (Million Units) by Application (2012-2022)
Figure United States Sales Market Share of Voice Coil Motor (VCM) by Application in 2016
Figure 5M-8M Camera Modules Examples
Table Key Downstream Customer in 5M-8M Camera Modules
Figure 9M-12M Camera Modules Examples
Table Key Downstream Customer in 9M-12M Camera Modules
Figure 13M-16M Camera Modules Examples
Table Key Downstream Customer in 13M-16M Camera Modules
Figure Other Examples
Table Key Downstream Customer in Other
Figure United States Voice Coil Motor (VCM) Market Size (Million USD) by Region (2012-2022)
Figure The West Voice Coil Motor (VCM) Revenue (Million USD) and Growth Rate (2012-2022)
Figure Southwest Voice Coil Motor (VCM) Revenue (Million USD) and Growth Rate (2012-2022)
Figure The Middle Atlantic Voice Coil Motor (VCM) Revenue (Million USD) and Growth Rate (2012-2022)
Figure New England Voice Coil Motor (VCM) Revenue (Million USD) and Growth Rate (2012-2022)
Figure The South of US Voice Coil Motor (VCM) Revenue (Million USD) and Growth Rate (2012-2022)
Figure The Midwest Voice Coil Motor (VCM) Revenue (Million USD) and Growth Rate (2012-2022)
Figure United States Voice Coil Motor (VCM) Sales (Million Units) and Growth Rate (2012-2022)
Figure United States Voice Coil Motor (VCM) Revenue (Million USD) and Growth Rate (2012-2022)
Figure United States Voice Coil Motor (VCM) Market Major Players Product Sales Volume (Million Units) (2012-2017)
Table United States Voice Coil Motor (VCM) Sales (Million Units) of Key Players/Suppliers (2012-2017)
Table United States Voice Coil Motor (VCM) Sales Share by Players/Suppliers (2012-2017)
Figure 2016 United States Voice Coil Motor (VCM) Sales Share by Players/Suppliers
Figure 2017 United States Voice Coil Motor (VCM) Sales Share by Players/Suppliers
Figure United States Voice Coil Motor (VCM) Market Major Players Product Revenue (Million USD) (2012-2017)
Table United States Voice Coil Motor (VCM) Revenue (Million USD) by Players/Suppliers (2012-2017)
Table United States Voice Coil Motor (VCM) Revenue Share by Players/Suppliers (2012-2017)
Figure 2016 United States Voice Coil Motor (VCM) Revenue Share by Players/Suppliers
Figure 2017 United States Voice Coil Motor (VCM) Revenue Share by Players/Suppliers
Table United States Market Voice Coil Motor (VCM) Average Price (USD/Unit) of Key Players/Suppliers (2012-2017)
Figure United States Market Voice Coil Motor (VCM) Average Price (USD/Unit) of Key Players/Suppliers in 2016
Figure United States Voice Coil Motor (VCM) Market Share of Top 3 Players/Suppliers
Figure United States Voice Coil Motor (VCM) Market Share of Top 5 Players/Suppliers
Table United States Players/Suppliers Voice Coil Motor (VCM) Manufacturing Base Distribution and Sales Area
Table United States Players/Suppliers Voice Coil Motor (VCM) Product Category
Table United States Voice Coil Motor (VCM) Sales (Million Units) by Region (2012-2017)
Table United States Voice Coil Motor (VCM) Sales Share by Region (2012-2017)
Figure United States Voice Coil Motor (VCM) Sales Share by Region (2012-2017)
Figure United States Voice Coil Motor (VCM) Sales Market Share by Region in 2016
Table United States Voice Coil Motor (VCM) Revenue (Million USD) and Market Share by Region (2012-2017)
Table United States Voice Coil Motor (VCM) Revenue Share by Region (2012-2017)
Figure United States Voice Coil Motor (VCM) Revenue Market Share by Region (2012-2017)
Figure United States Voice Coil Motor (VCM) Revenue Market Share by Region in 2016
Table United States Voice Coil Motor (VCM) Price (USD/Unit) by Region (2012-2017)
Table United States Voice Coil Motor (VCM) Sales (Million Units) by Type (2012-2017)
Table United States Voice Coil Motor (VCM) Sales Share by Type (2012-2017)
Figure United States Voice Coil Motor (VCM) Sales Share by Type (2012-2017)
Figure United States Voice Coil Motor (VCM) Sales Market Share by Type in 2016
Table United States Voice Coil Motor (VCM) Revenue (Million USD) and Market Share by Type (2012-2017)
Table United States Voice Coil Motor (VCM) Revenue Share by Type (2012-2017)
Figure Revenue Market Share of Voice Coil Motor (VCM) by Type (2012-2017)
Figure Revenue Market Share of Voice Coil Motor (VCM) by Type in 2016
Table United States Voice Coil Motor (VCM) Price (USD/Unit) by Types (2012-2017)
Figure United States Voice Coil Motor (VCM) Sales Growth Rate by Type (2012-2017)
Table United States Voice Coil Motor (VCM) Sales (Million Units) by Application (2012-2017)
Table United States Voice Coil Motor (VCM) Sales Market Share by Application (2012-2017)
Figure United States Voice Coil Motor (VCM) Sales Market Share by Application (2012-2017)
Figure United States Voice Coil Motor (VCM) Sales Market Share by Application in 2016
Table United States Voice Coil Motor (VCM) Sales Growth Rate by Application (2012-2017)
Figure United States Voice Coil Motor (VCM) Sales Growth Rate by Application (2012-2017)
Table Alps Basic Information List
Table Alps Voice Coil Motor (VCM) Sales (Million Units), Revenue (Million USD), Price (USD/Unit) and Gross Margin (2012-2017)
Figure Alps Voice Coil Motor (VCM) Sales Growth Rate (2012-2017)
Figure Alps Voice Coil Motor (VCM) Sales Market Share in United States (2012-2017)
Figure Alps Voice Coil Motor (VCM) Revenue Market Share in United States (2012-2017)
Table Mitsumi Basic Information List
Table Mitsumi Voice Coil Motor (VCM) Sales (Million Units), Revenue (Million USD), Price (USD/Unit) and Gross Margin (2012-2017)
Figure Mitsumi Voice Coil Motor (VCM) Sales Growth Rate (2012-2017)
Figure Mitsumi Voice Coil Motor (VCM) Sales Market Share in United States (2012-2017)
Figure Mitsumi Voice Coil Motor (VCM) Revenue Market Share in United States (2012-2017)
Table TDK Basic Information List
Table TDK Voice Coil Motor (VCM) Sales (Million Units), Revenue (Million USD), Price (USD/Unit) and Gross Margin (2012-2017)
Figure TDK Voice Coil Motor (VCM) Sales Growth Rate (2012-2017)
Figure TDK Voice Coil Motor (VCM) Sales Market Share in United States (2012-2017)
Figure TDK Voice Coil Motor (VCM) Revenue Market Share in United States (2012-2017)
Table JAHWA Basic Information List
Table JAHWA Voice Coil Motor (VCM) Sales (Million Units), Revenue (Million USD), Price (USD/Unit) and Gross Margin (2012-2017)
Figure JAHWA Voice Coil Motor (VCM) Sales Growth Rate (2012-2017)
Figure JAHWA Voice Coil Motor (VCM) Sales Market Share in United States (2012-2017)
Figure JAHWA Voice Coil Motor (VCM) Revenue Market Share in United States (2012-2017)
Table SEMCO Basic Information List
Table SEMCO Voice Coil Motor (VCM) Sales (Million Units), Revenue (Million USD), Price (USD/Unit) and Gross Margin (2012-2017)
Figure SEMCO Voice Coil Motor (VCM) Sales Growth Rate (2012-2017)
Figure SEMCO Voice Coil Motor (VCM) Sales Market Share in United States (2012-2017)
Figure SEMCO Voice Coil Motor (VCM) Revenue Market Share in United States (2012-2017)
Table New-Shicoh Basic Information List
Table New-Shicoh Voice Coil Motor (VCM) Sales (Million Units), Revenue (Million USD), Price (USD/Unit) and Gross Margin (2012-2017)
Figure New-Shicoh Voice Coil Motor (VCM) Sales Growth Rate (2012-2017)
Figure New-Shicoh Voice Coil Motor (VCM) Sales Market Share in United States (2012-2017)
Figure New-Shicoh Voice Coil Motor (VCM) Revenue Market Share in United States (2012-2017)
Table Billu Basic Information List
Table Billu Voice Coil Motor (VCM) Sales (Million Units), Revenue (Million USD), Price (USD/Unit) and Gross Margin (2012-2017)
Figure Billu Voice Coil Motor (VCM) Sales Growth Rate (2012-2017)
Figure Billu Voice Coil Motor (VCM) Sales Market Share in United States (2012-2017)
Figure Billu Voice Coil Motor (VCM) Revenue Market Share in United States (2012-2017)
Table Hysonic Basic Information List
Table Hysonic Voice Coil Motor (VCM) Sales (Million Units), Revenue (Million USD), Price (USD/Unit) and Gross Margin (2012-2017)
Figure Hysonic Voice Coil Motor (VCM) Sales Growth Rate (2012-2017)
Figure Hysonic Voice Coil Motor (VCM) Sales Market Share in United States (2012-2017)
Figure Hysonic Voice Coil Motor (VCM) Revenue Market Share in United States (2012-2017)
Table LG Innotek Basic Information List
Table LG Innotek Voice Coil Motor (VCM) Sales (Million Units), Revenue (Million USD), Price (USD/Unit) and Gross Margin (2012-2017)
Figure LG Innotek Voice Coil Motor (VCM) Sales Growth Rate (2012-2017)
Figure LG Innotek Voice Coil Motor (VCM) Sales Market Share in United States (2012-2017)
Figure LG Innotek Voice Coil Motor (VCM) Revenue Market Share in United States (2012-2017)
Table Guixin Basic Information List
Table Guixin Voice Coil Motor (VCM) Sales (Million Units), Revenue (Million USD), Price (USD/Unit) and Gross Margin (2012-2017)
Figure Guixin Voice Coil Motor (VCM) Sales Growth Rate (2012-2017)
Figure Guixin Voice Coil Motor (VCM) Sales Market Share in United States (2012-2017)
Figure Guixin Voice Coil Motor (VCM) Revenue Market Share in United States (2012-2017)
Table Xinhongzhou Basic Information List
Table JCT Basic Information List
Table JSS Basic Information List
Table Production Base and Market Concentration Rate of Raw Material
Figure Price Trend of Key Raw Materials
Table Key Suppliers of Raw Materials
Figure Manufacturing Cost Structure of Voice Coil Motor (VCM)
Figure Manufacturing Process Analysis of Voice Coil Motor (VCM)
Figure Voice Coil Motor (VCM) Industrial Chain Analysis
Table Raw Materials Sources of Voice Coil Motor (VCM) Major Players/Suppliers in 2016
Table Major Buyers of Voice Coil Motor (VCM)
Table Distributors/Traders List
Figure United States Voice Coil Motor (VCM) Sales Volume (Million Units) and Growth Rate Forecast (2017-2022)
Figure United States Voice Coil Motor (VCM) Revenue (Million USD) and Growth Rate Forecast (2017-2022)
Figure United States Voice Coil Motor (VCM) Price (USD/Unit) Trend Forecast (2017-2022)
Table United States Voice Coil Motor (VCM) Sales Volume (Million Units) Forecast by Type (2017-2022)
Figure United States Voice Coil Motor (VCM) Sales Volume (Million Units) Forecast by Type (2017-2022)
Figure United States Voice Coil Motor (VCM) Sales Volume (Million Units) Forecast by Type in 2022
Table United States Voice Coil Motor (VCM) Sales Volume (Million Units) Forecast by Application (2017-2022)
Figure United States Voice Coil Motor (VCM) Sales Volume (Million Units) Forecast by Application (2017-2022)
Figure United States Voice Coil Motor (VCM) Sales Volume (Million Units) Forecast by Application in 2022
Table United States Voice Coil Motor (VCM) Sales Volume (Million Units) Forecast by Region (2017-2022)
Table United States Voice Coil Motor (VCM) Sales Volume Share Forecast by Region (2017-2022)
Figure United States Voice Coil Motor (VCM) Sales Volume Share Forecast by Region (2017-2022)
Figure United States Voice Coil Motor (VCM) Sales Volume Share Forecast by Region in 2022
Table Research Programs/Design for This Report
Figure Bottom-up and Top-down Approaches for This Report
Figure Data Triangulation
Table Key Data Information from Secondary Sources
Table Key Data Information from Primary Sources