United States Pellistor Bead Chemical Sensors Market Report 2017

October 2017 | 102 pages | ID: U26D01AC310EN
QYResearch

Abstracts

In this report, the United States Pellistor Bead Chemical Sensors market is valued at USD XX million in 2016 and is expected to reach USD XX million by the end of 2022, growing at a CAGR of XX% between 2016 and 2022.

Geographically, this report splits the United States market into seven regions:

• The West
• Southwest
• The Middle Atlantic
• New England
• The South
• The Midwest
• with sales (volume), revenue (value), market share and growth rate of Pellistor Bead Chemical Sensors in these regions, from 2012 to 2022 (forecast).

United States Pellistor Bead Chemical Sensors market competition by top manufacturers/players, with Pellistor Bead Chemical Sensors sales volume, price, revenue (Million USD) and market share for each manufacturer/player; the top players including

• General Electric
• Siemens
• Honeywell International
• Emerson Electric
• ABB
• Alpha MOS
• Teledyne Technologies
• Halma
• Robert Bosch

On the basis of product, this report displays the production, revenue, price, market share and growth rate of each type, primarily split into

• Detector
• Compensator

On the basis on the end users/applications, this report focuses on the status and outlook for major applications/end users, sales volume, market share and growth rate of Pellistor Bead Chemical Sensors for each application, including

• Medical
• Automotive
• Industrial
• Environmental Monitoring
• Defense
• Others

If you have any special requirements, please let us know and we will offer you the report as you want.

Contents

United States Pellistor Bead Chemical Sensors Market Report 2017

1 PELLISTOR BEAD CHEMICAL SENSORS OVERVIEW

1.1 Product Overview and Scope of Pellistor Bead Chemical Sensors
1.2 Classification of Pellistor Bead Chemical Sensors by Product Category
  1.2.1 United States Pellistor Bead Chemical Sensors Market Size (Sales Volume) Comparison by Type (2012-2022)
  1.2.2 United States Pellistor Bead Chemical Sensors Market Size (Sales Volume) Market Share by Type (Product Category) in 2016
  1.2.3 Detector
  1.2.4 Compensator
1.3 United States Pellistor Bead Chemical Sensors Market by Application/End Users
  1.3.1 United States Pellistor Bead Chemical Sensors Market Size (Consumption) and Market Share Comparison by Application (2012-2022)
  1.3.2 Medical
  1.3.3 Automotive
  1.3.4 Industrial
  1.3.5 Environmental Monitoring
  1.3.6 Defense
  1.3.7 Others
1.4 United States Pellistor Bead Chemical Sensors Market by Region
  1.4.1 United States Pellistor Bead Chemical Sensors Market Size (Value) Comparison by Region (2012-2022)
  1.4.2 The West Pellistor Bead Chemical Sensors Status and Prospect (2012-2022)
  1.4.3 Southwest Pellistor Bead Chemical Sensors Status and Prospect (2012-2022)
  1.4.4 The Middle Atlantic Pellistor Bead Chemical Sensors Status and Prospect (2012-2022)
  1.4.5 New England Pellistor Bead Chemical Sensors Status and Prospect (2012-2022)
  1.4.6 The South Pellistor Bead Chemical Sensors Status and Prospect (2012-2022)
  1.4.7 The Midwest Pellistor Bead Chemical Sensors Status and Prospect (2012-2022)
1.5 United States Market Size (Value and Volume) of Pellistor Bead Chemical Sensors (2012-2022)
  1.5.1 United States Pellistor Bead Chemical Sensors Sales and Growth Rate (2012-2022)
  1.5.2 United States Pellistor Bead Chemical Sensors Revenue and Growth Rate (2012-2022)

2 UNITED STATES PELLISTOR BEAD CHEMICAL SENSORS MARKET COMPETITION BY PLAYERS/SUPPLIERS

2.1 United States Pellistor Bead Chemical Sensors Sales and Market Share of Key Players/Suppliers (2012-2017)
2.2 United States Pellistor Bead Chemical Sensors Revenue and Share by Players/Suppliers (2012-2017)
2.3 United States Pellistor Bead Chemical Sensors Average Price by Players/Suppliers (2012-2017)
2.4 United States Pellistor Bead Chemical Sensors Market Competitive Situation and Trends
  2.4.1 United States Pellistor Bead Chemical Sensors Market Concentration Rate
  2.4.2 United States Pellistor Bead Chemical Sensors Market Share of Top 3 and Top 5 Players/Suppliers
  2.4.3 Mergers & Acquisitions, Expansion in United States Market
2.5 United States Players/Suppliers Pellistor Bead Chemical Sensors Manufacturing Base Distribution, Sales Area, Product Type

3 UNITED STATES PELLISTOR BEAD CHEMICAL SENSORS SALES (VOLUME) AND REVENUE (VALUE) BY REGION (2012-2017)

3.1 United States Pellistor Bead Chemical Sensors Sales and Market Share by Region (2012-2017)
3.2 United States Pellistor Bead Chemical Sensors Revenue and Market Share by Region (2012-2017)
3.3 United States Pellistor Bead Chemical Sensors Price by Region (2012-2017)

4 UNITED STATES PELLISTOR BEAD CHEMICAL SENSORS SALES (VOLUME) AND REVENUE (VALUE) BY TYPE (PRODUCT CATEGORY) (2012-2017)

4.1 United States Pellistor Bead Chemical Sensors Sales and Market Share by Type (Product Category) (2012-2017)
4.2 United States Pellistor Bead Chemical Sensors Revenue and Market Share by Type (2012-2017)
4.3 United States Pellistor Bead Chemical Sensors Price by Type (2012-2017)
4.4 United States Pellistor Bead Chemical Sensors Sales Growth Rate by Type (2012-2017)

5 UNITED STATES PELLISTOR BEAD CHEMICAL SENSORS SALES (VOLUME) BY APPLICATION (2012-2017)

5.1 United States Pellistor Bead Chemical Sensors Sales and Market Share by Application (2012-2017)
5.2 United States Pellistor Bead Chemical Sensors Sales Growth Rate by Application (2012-2017)
5.3 Market Drivers and Opportunities

6 UNITED STATES PELLISTOR BEAD CHEMICAL SENSORS PLAYERS/SUPPLIERS PROFILES AND SALES DATA

6.1 General Electric
  6.1.1 Company Basic Information, Manufacturing Base and Competitors
  6.1.2 Pellistor Bead Chemical Sensors Product Category, Application and Specification
    6.1.2.1 Product A
    6.1.2.2 Product B
  6.1.3 General Electric Pellistor Bead Chemical Sensors Sales, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2012-2017)
  6.1.4 Main Business/Business Overview
6.2 Siemens
  6.2.2 Pellistor Bead Chemical Sensors Product Category, Application and Specification
    6.2.2.1 Product A
    6.2.2.2 Product B
  6.2.3 Siemens Pellistor Bead Chemical Sensors Sales, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2012-2017)
  6.2.4 Main Business/Business Overview
6.3 Honeywell International
  6.3.2 Pellistor Bead Chemical Sensors Product Category, Application and Specification
    6.3.2.1 Product A
    6.3.2.2 Product B
  6.3.3 Honeywell International Pellistor Bead Chemical Sensors Sales, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2012-2017)
  6.3.4 Main Business/Business Overview
6.4 Emerson Electric
  6.4.2 Pellistor Bead Chemical Sensors Product Category, Application and Specification
    6.4.2.1 Product A
    6.4.2.2 Product B
  6.4.3 Emerson Electric Pellistor Bead Chemical Sensors Sales, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2012-2017)
  6.4.4 Main Business/Business Overview
6.5 ABB
  6.5.2 Pellistor Bead Chemical Sensors Product Category, Application and Specification
    6.5.2.1 Product A
    6.5.2.2 Product B
  6.5.3 ABB Pellistor Bead Chemical Sensors Sales, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2012-2017)
  6.5.4 Main Business/Business Overview
6.6 Alpha MOS
  6.6.2 Pellistor Bead Chemical Sensors Product Category, Application and Specification
    6.6.2.1 Product A
    6.6.2.2 Product B
  6.6.3 Alpha MOS Pellistor Bead Chemical Sensors Sales, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2012-2017)
  6.6.4 Main Business/Business Overview
6.7 Teledyne Technologies
  6.7.2 Pellistor Bead Chemical Sensors Product Category, Application and Specification
    6.7.2.1 Product A
    6.7.2.2 Product B
  6.7.3 Teledyne Technologies Pellistor Bead Chemical Sensors Sales, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2012-2017)
  6.7.4 Main Business/Business Overview
6.8 Halma
  6.8.2 Pellistor Bead Chemical Sensors Product Category, Application and Specification
    6.8.2.1 Product A
    6.8.2.2 Product B
  6.8.3 Halma Pellistor Bead Chemical Sensors Sales, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2012-2017)
  6.8.4 Main Business/Business Overview
6.9 Robert Bosch
  6.9.2 Pellistor Bead Chemical Sensors Product Category, Application and Specification
    6.9.2.1 Product A
    6.9.2.2 Product B
  6.9.3 Robert Bosch Pellistor Bead Chemical Sensors Sales, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2012-2017)
  6.9.4 Main Business/Business Overview

7 PELLISTOR BEAD CHEMICAL SENSORS MANUFACTURING COST ANALYSIS

7.1 Pellistor Bead Chemical Sensors Key Raw Materials Analysis
  7.1.1 Key Raw Materials
  7.1.2 Price Trend of Key Raw Materials
  7.1.3 Key Suppliers of Raw Materials
  7.1.4 Market Concentration Rate of Raw Materials
7.2 Proportion of Manufacturing Cost Structure
  7.2.1 Raw Materials
  7.2.2 Labor Cost
  7.2.3 Manufacturing Expenses
7.3 Manufacturing Process Analysis of Pellistor Bead Chemical Sensors

8 INDUSTRIAL CHAIN, SOURCING STRATEGY AND DOWNSTREAM BUYERS

8.1 Pellistor Bead Chemical Sensors Industrial Chain Analysis
8.2 Upstream Raw Materials Sourcing
8.3 Raw Materials Sources of Pellistor Bead Chemical Sensors Major Manufacturers in 2016
8.4 Downstream Buyers

9 MARKETING STRATEGY ANALYSIS, DISTRIBUTORS/TRADERS

9.1 Marketing Channel
  9.1.1 Direct Marketing
  9.1.2 Indirect Marketing
  9.1.3 Marketing Channel Development Trend
9.2 Market Positioning
  9.2.1 Pricing Strategy
  9.2.2 Brand Strategy
  9.2.3 Target Client
9.3 Distributors/Traders List

10 MARKET EFFECT FACTORS ANALYSIS

10.1 Technology Progress/Risk
  10.1.1 Substitutes Threat
  10.1.2 Technology Progress in Related Industry
10.2 Consumer Needs/Customer Preference Change
10.3 Economic/Political Environmental Change

11 UNITED STATES PELLISTOR BEAD CHEMICAL SENSORS MARKET SIZE (VALUE AND VOLUME) FORECAST (2017-2022)

11.1 United States Pellistor Bead Chemical Sensors Sales Volume, Revenue Forecast (2017-2022)
11.2 United States Pellistor Bead Chemical Sensors Sales Volume Forecast by Type (2017-2022)
11.3 United States Pellistor Bead Chemical Sensors Sales Volume Forecast by Application (2017-2022)
11.4 United States Pellistor Bead Chemical Sensors Sales Volume Forecast by Region (2017-2022)

12 RESEARCH FINDINGS AND CONCLUSION

13 APPENDIX

13.1 Methodology/Research Approach
  13.1.1 Research Programs/Design
  13.1.2 Market Size Estimation
  13.1.3 Market Breakdown and Data Triangulation
13.2 Data Source
  13.2.1 Secondary Sources
  13.2.2 Primary Sources
13.3 Disclaimer


The report requires updating with new data and is sent in 2-3 business days after order is placed.

List Of Tables

LIST OF TABLES AND FIGURES

Figure Product Picture of Pellistor Bead Chemical Sensors
Figure United States Pellistor Bead Chemical Sensors Market Size (K Units) by Type (2012-2022)
Figure United States Pellistor Bead Chemical Sensors Sales Volume Market Share by Type (Product Category) in 2016
Figure Detector Product Picture
Figure Compensator Product Picture
Figure United States Pellistor Bead Chemical Sensors Market Size (K Units) by Application (2012-2022)
Figure United States Sales Market Share of Pellistor Bead Chemical Sensors by Application in 2016
Figure Medical Examples
Table Key Downstream Customer in Medical
Figure Automotive Examples
Table Key Downstream Customer in Automotive
Figure Industrial Examples
Table Key Downstream Customer in Industrial
Figure Environmental Monitoring Examples
Table Key Downstream Customer in Environmental Monitoring
Figure Defense Examples
Table Key Downstream Customer in Defense
Figure Others Examples
Table Key Downstream Customer in Others
Figure United States Pellistor Bead Chemical Sensors Market Size (Million USD) by Region (2012-2022)
Figure The West Pellistor Bead Chemical Sensors Revenue (Million USD) and Growth Rate (2012-2022)
Figure Southwest Pellistor Bead Chemical Sensors Revenue (Million USD) and Growth Rate (2012-2022)
Figure The Middle Atlantic Pellistor Bead Chemical Sensors Revenue (Million USD) and Growth Rate (2012-2022)
Figure New England Pellistor Bead Chemical Sensors Revenue (Million USD) and Growth Rate (2012-2022)
Figure The South of US Pellistor Bead Chemical Sensors Revenue (Million USD) and Growth Rate (2012-2022)
Figure The Midwest Pellistor Bead Chemical Sensors Revenue (Million USD) and Growth Rate (2012-2022)
Figure United States Pellistor Bead Chemical Sensors Sales (K Units) and Growth Rate (2012-2022)
Figure United States Pellistor Bead Chemical Sensors Revenue (Million USD) and Growth Rate (2012-2022)
Figure United States Pellistor Bead Chemical Sensors Market Major Players Product Sales Volume (K Units) (2012-2017)
Table United States Pellistor Bead Chemical Sensors Sales (K Units) of Key Players/Suppliers (2012-2017)
Table United States Pellistor Bead Chemical Sensors Sales Share by Players/Suppliers (2012-2017)
Figure 2016 United States Pellistor Bead Chemical Sensors Sales Share by Players/Suppliers
Figure 2017 United States Pellistor Bead Chemical Sensors Sales Share by Players/Suppliers
Figure United States Pellistor Bead Chemical Sensors Market Major Players Product Revenue (Million USD) (2012-2017)
Table United States Pellistor Bead Chemical Sensors Revenue (Million USD) by Players/Suppliers (2012-2017)
Table United States Pellistor Bead Chemical Sensors Revenue Share by Players/Suppliers (2012-2017)
Figure 2016 United States Pellistor Bead Chemical Sensors Revenue Share by Players/Suppliers
Figure 2017 United States Pellistor Bead Chemical Sensors Revenue Share by Players/Suppliers
Table United States Market Pellistor Bead Chemical Sensors Average Price (USD/Unit) of Key Players/Suppliers (2012-2017)
Figure United States Market Pellistor Bead Chemical Sensors Average Price (USD/Unit) of Key Players/Suppliers in 2016
Figure United States Pellistor Bead Chemical Sensors Market Share of Top 3 Players/Suppliers
Figure United States Pellistor Bead Chemical Sensors Market Share of Top 5 Players/Suppliers
Table United States Players/Suppliers Pellistor Bead Chemical Sensors Manufacturing Base Distribution and Sales Area
Table United States Players/Suppliers Pellistor Bead Chemical Sensors Product Category
Table United States Pellistor Bead Chemical Sensors Sales (K Units) by Region (2012-2017)
Table United States Pellistor Bead Chemical Sensors Sales Share by Region (2012-2017)
Figure United States Pellistor Bead Chemical Sensors Sales Share by Region (2012-2017)
Figure United States Pellistor Bead Chemical Sensors Sales Market Share by Region in 2016
Table United States Pellistor Bead Chemical Sensors Revenue (Million USD) and Market Share by Region (2012-2017)
Table United States Pellistor Bead Chemical Sensors Revenue Share by Region (2012-2017)
Figure United States Pellistor Bead Chemical Sensors Revenue Market Share by Region (2012-2017)
Figure United States Pellistor Bead Chemical Sensors Revenue Market Share by Region in 2016
Table United States Pellistor Bead Chemical Sensors Price (USD/Unit) by Region (2012-2017)
Table United States Pellistor Bead Chemical Sensors Sales (K Units) by Type (2012-2017)
Table United States Pellistor Bead Chemical Sensors Sales Share by Type (2012-2017)
Figure United States Pellistor Bead Chemical Sensors Sales Share by Type (2012-2017)
Figure United States Pellistor Bead Chemical Sensors Sales Market Share by Type in 2016
Table United States Pellistor Bead Chemical Sensors Revenue (Million USD) and Market Share by Type (2012-2017)
Table United States Pellistor Bead Chemical Sensors Revenue Share by Type (2012-2017)
Figure Revenue Market Share of Pellistor Bead Chemical Sensors by Type (2012-2017)
Figure Revenue Market Share of Pellistor Bead Chemical Sensors by Type in 2016
Table United States Pellistor Bead Chemical Sensors Price (USD/Unit) by Types (2012-2017)
Figure United States Pellistor Bead Chemical Sensors Sales Growth Rate by Type (2012-2017)
Table United States Pellistor Bead Chemical Sensors Sales (K Units) by Application (2012-2017)
Table United States Pellistor Bead Chemical Sensors Sales Market Share by Application (2012-2017)
Figure United States Pellistor Bead Chemical Sensors Sales Market Share by Application (2012-2017)
Figure United States Pellistor Bead Chemical Sensors Sales Market Share by Application in 2016
Table United States Pellistor Bead Chemical Sensors Sales Growth Rate by Application (2012-2017)
Figure United States Pellistor Bead Chemical Sensors Sales Growth Rate by Application (2012-2017)
Table General Electric Basic Information List
Table General Electric Pellistor Bead Chemical Sensors Sales (K Units), Revenue (Million USD), Price (USD/Unit) and Gross Margin (2012-2017)
Figure General Electric Pellistor Bead Chemical Sensors Sales Growth Rate (2012-2017)
Figure General Electric Pellistor Bead Chemical Sensors Sales Market Share in United States (2012-2017)
Figure General Electric Pellistor Bead Chemical Sensors Revenue Market Share in United States (2012-2017)
Table Siemens Basic Information List
Table Siemens Pellistor Bead Chemical Sensors Sales (K Units), Revenue (Million USD), Price (USD/Unit) and Gross Margin (2012-2017)
Figure Siemens Pellistor Bead Chemical Sensors Sales Growth Rate (2012-2017)
Figure Siemens Pellistor Bead Chemical Sensors Sales Market Share in United States (2012-2017)
Figure Siemens Pellistor Bead Chemical Sensors Revenue Market Share in United States (2012-2017)
Table Honeywell International Basic Information List
Table Honeywell International Pellistor Bead Chemical Sensors Sales (K Units), Revenue (Million USD), Price (USD/Unit) and Gross Margin (2012-2017)
Figure Honeywell International Pellistor Bead Chemical Sensors Sales Growth Rate (2012-2017)
Figure Honeywell International Pellistor Bead Chemical Sensors Sales Market Share in United States (2012-2017)
Figure Honeywell International Pellistor Bead Chemical Sensors Revenue Market Share in United States (2012-2017)
Table Emerson Electric Basic Information List
Table Emerson Electric Pellistor Bead Chemical Sensors Sales (K Units), Revenue (Million USD), Price (USD/Unit) and Gross Margin (2012-2017)
Figure Emerson Electric Pellistor Bead Chemical Sensors Sales Growth Rate (2012-2017)
Figure Emerson Electric Pellistor Bead Chemical Sensors Sales Market Share in United States (2012-2017)
Figure Emerson Electric Pellistor Bead Chemical Sensors Revenue Market Share in United States (2012-2017)
Table ABB Basic Information List
Table ABB Pellistor Bead Chemical Sensors Sales (K Units), Revenue (Million USD), Price (USD/Unit) and Gross Margin (2012-2017)
Figure ABB Pellistor Bead Chemical Sensors Sales Growth Rate (2012-2017)
Figure ABB Pellistor Bead Chemical Sensors Sales Market Share in United States (2012-2017)
Figure ABB Pellistor Bead Chemical Sensors Revenue Market Share in United States (2012-2017)
Table Alpha MOS Basic Information List
Table Alpha MOS Pellistor Bead Chemical Sensors Sales (K Units), Revenue (Million USD), Price (USD/Unit) and Gross Margin (2012-2017)
Figure Alpha MOS Pellistor Bead Chemical Sensors Sales Growth Rate (2012-2017)
Figure Alpha MOS Pellistor Bead Chemical Sensors Sales Market Share in United States (2012-2017)
Figure Alpha MOS Pellistor Bead Chemical Sensors Revenue Market Share in United States (2012-2017)
Table Teledyne Technologies Basic Information List
Table Teledyne Technologies Pellistor Bead Chemical Sensors Sales (K Units), Revenue (Million USD), Price (USD/Unit) and Gross Margin (2012-2017)
Figure Teledyne Technologies Pellistor Bead Chemical Sensors Sales Growth Rate (2012-2017)
Figure Teledyne Technologies Pellistor Bead Chemical Sensors Sales Market Share in United States (2012-2017)
Figure Teledyne Technologies Pellistor Bead Chemical Sensors Revenue Market Share in United States (2012-2017)
Table Halma Basic Information List
Table Halma Pellistor Bead Chemical Sensors Sales (K Units), Revenue (Million USD), Price (USD/Unit) and Gross Margin (2012-2017)
Figure Halma Pellistor Bead Chemical Sensors Sales Growth Rate (2012-2017)
Figure Halma Pellistor Bead Chemical Sensors Sales Market Share in United States (2012-2017)
Figure Halma Pellistor Bead Chemical Sensors Revenue Market Share in United States (2012-2017)
Table Robert Bosch Basic Information List
Table Robert Bosch Pellistor Bead Chemical Sensors Sales (K Units), Revenue (Million USD), Price (USD/Unit) and Gross Margin (2012-2017)
Figure Robert Bosch Pellistor Bead Chemical Sensors Sales Growth Rate (2012-2017)
Figure Robert Bosch Pellistor Bead Chemical Sensors Sales Market Share in United States (2012-2017)
Figure Robert Bosch Pellistor Bead Chemical Sensors Revenue Market Share in United States (2012-2017)
Table Production Base and Market Concentration Rate of Raw Material
Figure Price Trend of Key Raw Materials
Table Key Suppliers of Raw Materials
Figure Manufacturing Cost Structure of Pellistor Bead Chemical Sensors
Figure Manufacturing Process Analysis of Pellistor Bead Chemical Sensors
Figure Pellistor Bead Chemical Sensors Industrial Chain Analysis
Table Raw Materials Sources of Pellistor Bead Chemical Sensors Major Players/Suppliers in 2016
Table Major Buyers of Pellistor Bead Chemical Sensors
Table Distributors/Traders List
Figure United States Pellistor Bead Chemical Sensors Sales Volume (K Units) and Growth Rate Forecast (2017-2022)
Figure United States Pellistor Bead Chemical Sensors Revenue (Million USD) and Growth Rate Forecast (2017-2022)
Figure United States Pellistor Bead Chemical Sensors Price (USD/Unit) Trend Forecast (2017-2022)
Table United States Pellistor Bead Chemical Sensors Sales Volume (K Units) Forecast by Type (2017-2022)
Figure United States Pellistor Bead Chemical Sensors Sales Volume (K Units) Forecast by Type (2017-2022)
Figure United States Pellistor Bead Chemical Sensors Sales Volume (K Units) Forecast by Type in 2022
Table United States Pellistor Bead Chemical Sensors Sales Volume (K Units) Forecast by Application (2017-2022)
Figure United States Pellistor Bead Chemical Sensors Sales Volume (K Units) Forecast by Application (2017-2022)
Figure United States Pellistor Bead Chemical Sensors Sales Volume (K Units) Forecast by Application in 2022
Table United States Pellistor Bead Chemical Sensors Sales Volume (K Units) Forecast by Region (2017-2022)
Table United States Pellistor Bead Chemical Sensors Sales Volume Share Forecast by Region (2017-2022)
Figure United States Pellistor Bead Chemical Sensors Sales Volume Share Forecast by Region (2017-2022)
Figure United States Pellistor Bead Chemical Sensors Sales Volume Share Forecast by Region in 2022
Table Research Programs/Design for This Report
Figure Bottom-up and Top-down Approaches for This Report
Figure Data Triangulation
Table Key Data Information from Secondary Sources
Table Key Data Information from Primary Sources