Nuclear Energy Technologies Worldwide: Components and Manufacturing
Manufacturers of nuclear reactor components are entering a pivotal period as the new global landscape of global nuclear energy production takes shape. Nations committed to constructing next-generation nuclear facilities that leverage the latest technology will depend on manufacturers to provide high quality products that foster a safe, secure, and enduring environment for nuclear energy production.
Governments, meanwhile, are challenged by the weak global economy that has tightened credit needed to fund some of their long-term nuclear energy initiatives. Suppliers to the nuclear energy construction market are also attempting to keep pace with increased demand as they struggle to stay afloat with a reduced labor force. The companies, which include Areva and Mitsubishi, are leveraging their economies of scale in energy markets by collaborating and aligning with competitors to gain market share and increase their installed base of customers.
The U.S. is the global leader in nuclear energy technology manufacturing, having a total market value of nearly $45.2 billion in 2002 and growing to an estimated $50.8 billion by year-end 2009. By 2013, SBI estimates that the U.S. market value will reach $61.1 billion, growing at an eleven-year Compounded Annual Growth Rate (CAGR) of 2.8%.
The U.S., France, and Japan comprise more than half of the global value of nuclear energy technology manufacturing. SBI estimates that France’s market value will grow from $28.9 billion in 2009 to $34.8 billion in 2013 (3.4% CAGR) and Japan will grow from $19.6 billion to $23.7 billion (3.4%) in 2013. On a share basis, through 2013, the top three manufacturing nations will maintain their leadership positions, although they will lose share to other nations such as China and South Korea, which will accelerate their manufacturing efforts.
On a CAGR basis, however, SBI projects that through 2013 the Netherlands and Pakistan will grow at the fastest rates, 15.9% and 31.6%, respectively, and afford the greatest market opportunities for suppliers to the nuclear technology manufacturing industry.
Scope and Methodology
This Specialists in Business Information (SBI) report covers several components of the nuclear energy technology industry around the world, including:
Governments, meanwhile, are challenged by the weak global economy that has tightened credit needed to fund some of their long-term nuclear energy initiatives. Suppliers to the nuclear energy construction market are also attempting to keep pace with increased demand as they struggle to stay afloat with a reduced labor force. The companies, which include Areva and Mitsubishi, are leveraging their economies of scale in energy markets by collaborating and aligning with competitors to gain market share and increase their installed base of customers.
The U.S. is the global leader in nuclear energy technology manufacturing, having a total market value of nearly $45.2 billion in 2002 and growing to an estimated $50.8 billion by year-end 2009. By 2013, SBI estimates that the U.S. market value will reach $61.1 billion, growing at an eleven-year Compounded Annual Growth Rate (CAGR) of 2.8%.
The U.S., France, and Japan comprise more than half of the global value of nuclear energy technology manufacturing. SBI estimates that France’s market value will grow from $28.9 billion in 2009 to $34.8 billion in 2013 (3.4% CAGR) and Japan will grow from $19.6 billion to $23.7 billion (3.4%) in 2013. On a share basis, through 2013, the top three manufacturing nations will maintain their leadership positions, although they will lose share to other nations such as China and South Korea, which will accelerate their manufacturing efforts.
On a CAGR basis, however, SBI projects that through 2013 the Netherlands and Pakistan will grow at the fastest rates, 15.9% and 31.6%, respectively, and afford the greatest market opportunities for suppliers to the nuclear technology manufacturing industry.
Scope and Methodology
This Specialists in Business Information (SBI) report covers several components of the nuclear energy technology industry around the world, including:
- Overall market value of nuclear energy technology manufacturing
- Consumption of nuclear energy compared to other electricity-generating sources, including renewable energy
- Nuclear power plant installations and their energy-generating capacities
- Consumer attitudes towards nuclear energy safety and use
- Innovations in nuclear energy technologies and their future potential
- Costs and benefits of nuclear energy adoption
CHAPTER 1: EXECUTIVE SUMMARY
Outlook for World Energy Consumption
Figure 1-1: Share of Electricity Generation by Source 2005, 2010 and 2015
Carbon Emissions and the Growth in Demand
Reactor Construction Starts Increase
Table 1-1: Total Shutdown Nuclear Reactors by Country
Skilled Labor Shortage
Uranium Supplies
Global Market Values
Table 1-2: Global Market Value of Nuclear Energy Technology Manufacturing(in $ millions) North American Capacity
Table 1-3: North American Share and Generating Capacity of Nuclear Energy, 2002 to 2008 (in MWh)
U.S. Shipments of Nuclear Energy Components
Table 1-4: U.S. Shipment Value of Nuclear Energy Technology Components, 2004 to 2009 (e) (in $ millions)
Nuclear Energy Technology Exports
U.S. Imports of Nuclear Energy Components
European Nuclear Energy Technology Trends
Table 1-5: Europe Nuclear Electricity Installed Capacity, 2008 to 2013 (in MW hours)
Europe’s Aging Energy Infrastructure
Asia Market Trends
Table 1-6: Asia Share and Generating Capacity of Nuclear Energy, 2002 to 2008 (in MWh)
China Nuclear Construction Plans
Asia, Europe Poised for Growth
Table 1-7: Estimated Growth of Nuclear Installed Capacity in Asia, 2008 to 2013 (in MWh)
Table 1-8: Estimated Global Growth of Nuclear Installed Capacity, 2008 to 2013 (in MWh)
Research and Development of Generation IV Technology
Innovations Differ by Nation
Future Nuclear Energy Systems
Instrumentation and Control Systems
Small Nuclear Power Reactors
Consumer Perceptions of Nuclear Energy
Adoption of Safety Standards Needed
Goals for Nuclear Safety
Technologies Improve Safety
CHAPTER 2: INTRODUCTION AND OVERVIEW
Report Scope
Methodology
Terminology
Nuclear Reactor Technologies
Generation 3 Reactor Designs
Table 2-1: Nuclear Reactor Designs
Generation IV Nuclear Reactor Designs
Uranium Conversion
CHAPTER 3: WORLD NUCLEAR ACTIVITIES AND TECHNOLOGIES
Outlook for World Energy Consumption by Source
Table 3-1: World Consumption of Energy by Energy Types and Country Group, 2002, 2008, and 2009 (in quadrillion BTUs)
Figure 3-1: Global Share of Energy Consumption by Source, 2009 vs. 2013
Table 3-2: Global Electricity Generation by Fuel Source, 2005 to 2030 (trillions of KWh)
Figure 3-2: Share of Electricity Generation by Source 2005, 2010 and 2015 (percent)
Figure 3-3: U.S. Emissions of Carbon Dioxide in Billions of Metric Tons, 2009 and 2013
Carbon Emissions and the Growth in Demand
Table 3-3: World Carbon Dioxide Emissions by Region (millions of metric tons of CO2)
Table 3-4: Estimated Country Nuclear Capacity and Capacity Change Through 2013
Reactor Construction Starts Increase
Table 3-5: Total Shutdown Nuclear Reactors by Country
Table 3-6: Nuclear Power Plants Under Construction by Country
Table 3-7: Next-Generation Nuclear Reactor Construction Starts by Country
Table 3-8: Current Nuclear Reactor Construction by Reactor Type and Megawatts
Figure 3-4: Producer Price Index for Key Nuclear Reactor Components, 1999 to 2013 (e)
Table 3-9: U.S. Fuel Production Costs, by Fuel Type, 2002 to 2013 (e) (in cents per Kilowatt hours)
Table 3-10:U.S. Production and Operation Expenses for Power Generation by Power Source, 2002, 2009 and 2013 (in $ millions)
Skilled Labor Shortage
Uranium Supplies
Table 3-11: U.S. Trend of Uranium Purchases and Sales, 2002 to 2009 (millions of pounds and $ dollars per pound)
Nuclear Energy Technology Research
Table 3-12: Average Expenditures on Energy Research and Development by IEA Nations, 2000, 2005 with Projections by SBI for 2009 and 2013 (in U.S. $ millions)
Research on Nuclear Technology Safeguards
CHAPTER 4: WORLD NUCLEAR MARKET TRENDS
Global Market Values
Figure 4-1: Compound Annual Growth Rate of Nuclear Energy Technology
Market Value by Country, 2002 to 2013
Table 4-1: Global Market Value of Nuclear Energy Technology Manufacturing (in millions of $)
Global Nuclear Energy Technology Generating Capacity
Table 4-2: Global Share and Generating Capacity of Nuclear Energy (in MWh)
North American Capacity
Table 4-3: North American Share and Generating Capacity of Nuclear Energy (in MWh)
Table 4-4: North American Share and Generating Capacity of Nuclear Energy (in MWh)
Table 4-5: U.S. Forecast Share of Nuclear Energy, 2002 to 2013 (watt-hours)
Table 4-6: U.S. Share of Nuclear Energy Capacity by State, 2005 to 2008 (in MWh)
Table 4-7: U.S. Share of Nuclear Energy Capacity by State, 2008 to 2013 (in MWh)
U.S. Shipments of Nuclear Energy Components
Table 4-8: U.S. Shipment Value of Nuclear Energy Technology Components, 2004 to 2009 (e) (in $ millions)
Figure 4-2: Share of Shipment Value of Nuclear Energy Components, 2004 and 2009
Nuclear Energy Technology Exports
Table 4-9: U.S. Export Value of Nuclear Energy Technology Components, 2004 to 2009 (e) (in $ millions)
Table 4-10: U.S. Export Value of Metal Tanks by Country, 2004 to 2009 (e) (in $ millions)
Table 4-11: U.S. Export Value of Metal Cans by Country, 2004 to 2009 (e) (in $ millions)
Figure 4-3: Share of U.S. Export Value of Inorganic Chemicals, 2009 (percent)
U.S. Imports of Nuclear Energy Components
Table 4-12: U.S. Import Value of Nuclear Energy Technology Components, 2004 to 2009 (e) (in $ millions)
Table 4-13: U.S. Import Value of Inorganic Chemicals by Country, 2004 to 2009 (e) (in $ millions)
Table 4-14: U.S. Import Value of Power Boilers and Heat Exchangers by Country, 2004 to 2009 (e) (in $ millions)
Table 4-15: U.S. Market Value of Nuclear Energy Technology, 2004 to 2009 (e) (in $ millions)
Figure 4-4: U.S. Imports and Exports as a Percentage of Total Market Value, 2004 to 2009
Table 4-16: U.S. Shipment and Market Value of Nuclear Energy Technology Components, 2009 to 2013 (e) (in $ millions)
Figure 4-5: U.S. Nuclear Energy Technology Manufacturing Market Value and Growth, 2009 to 2013
European Nuclear Energy Technology Trends
Table 4-17: Europe Installed Capacity of Nuclear Energy Technology, 2002 to 2008 (e) (in MWh)
Table 4-18: Europe Nuclear Electricity Installed Capacity, 2008 to 2013 (in MW hours)
Table 4-19: Europe Nuclear Electricity Exports, 2002 to 2013 (in MW)
Europe’s Aging Energy Infrastructure
Nations Split on Nuclear Adoption
Asia Market Trends
Table 4-20: Asia Share and Generating Capacity of Nuclear Energy, 2002 to 2008 (in MWh)
China Nuclear Construction Plans
Table 4-21: China’s Operating Nuclear Power Plants
India Accelerates Nuclear Activity
Table 4-22: India’s Nuclear Reactor Construction Initiatives
Japan Commits to Nuclear
Table 4-23: Japan’s Nuclear Reactor Initiatives
South Korea Addresses Nuclear Concerns
Table 4-24: South Korea Nuclear Reactor Installed Base
Asia, Europe Poised for Growth
Table 4-25: Estimated Growth of Nuclear Installed Capacity in Asia, 2008 to 2013 (in MWh)
Figure 4-6: Share of Nuclear Energy Installed Capacity in Asia, 2008 and 2013
Table 4-26: Estimated Global Growth of Nuclear Installed Capacity, 2008 to 2013 (in MWh)
Figure 4-7: Global Share of Nuclear Energy Installed Capacity, 2008 and 2013 (in MWh)
CHAPTER 5: MANUFACTURER PROFILES AREVA
Corporate Background
Figure 5-1: Areva’s 2008 Share of Revenues by Division (percent)
Product and Brand Portfolio
Performance
Company News
Acquisitions and Divestitures
Outlook
Personnel Changes
Bharat Heavy Electricals (BHEL)
Corporate Background
Products
Performance and Outlook
Company News
Acquisitions and Divestitures
Personnel Changes
Atomic Energy of Canada (CANDU)
Corporate Background
Product and Brand Portfolio
Performance
Figure 5-2: Atomic Energy of Canada 2008 Share of Revenue (in $ millions)
Company News
Acquisitions and Divestitures
Outlook
Larsen and Toubro
Corporate Background
Product and Brand Portfolio
Performance and Outlook
Figure 5-3: L&T Revenue Trend, 2003 to 2008 (in $ billions and percent)
Company News
Acquisitions and Divestitures
McDermott International
Corporate Background
Product and Brand Portfolio
Performance
Figure 5-4: McDermott International’s Revenue, 2005 to 2008 (in $ billions and percent)
Company News
Acquisitions and Divestitures
Personnel Changes
Mitsubishi Heavy Industries
Corporate Background
Performance
Figure 5-5: Mitsubishi Heavy Industries Revenues, 2004 to 2008 (in $ billions and percent)
Outlook
Table 5-1: Mitsubishi Heavy Industries Revenues, 2007 and 2008, by Division (in $ billions)
Company News
Toshiba Westinghouse
Corporate Background
Product and Brand Portfolio
Performance and Outlook
Company News
General Electric Hitachi Nuclear Energy
Corporate Background
Figure 5-6: General Electric Co. Energy Infrastructure Division Revenues and Year-Over-Year Growth, 2005 to 2008 (in $ billions)
Table 5-2: GE Share of Revenues by Business Unit, 2007 and 2008
Product and Brand Portfolio
Company News
CHAPTER 6: INNOVATIONS IN NUCLEAR ENERGY TECHNOLOGY
Research and Development of Generation IV Technology
Table 6-1: Certification Status for New Reactor Designs in the U.S.
Innovations Differ by Nation
Innovations in the Nuclear Fuel Cycle
Future Nuclear Energy Systems
Instrumentation and Control Systems
Instrumentation and Control Components
Digital I&C Equipment
Small Nuclear Power Reactors
Small Reactor Prototypes
Table 6-2: Small Nuclear Reactor Designs and Locations
Liquid Metal Cooled Fast Reactors
Toshiba Designs Small Reactor for Japan
Molten Salt Reactors (MSR)
CHAPTER 7: CONSUMERS OF NUCLEAR ENERGY
Consumer Perceptions of Nuclear Energy
Adoption of Safety Standards Needed
Spent Nuclear Fuel Disposal
Goals for Nuclear Safety
Technologies Improve Safety
Public Acceptance of Nuclear Energy
Table 7-1: Spending on Energy Lobbying in 2008
EU Countries Differ on Nuclear Acceptance
Table 7-2: Percent of EU Citizens in Favor of Nuclear Energy, by Nation
Public Opinion on Nuclear Safety
Figure 7-1: U.S. Opinion on Building Nuclear Power Plants
Figure 7-2: U.S. Adult Opinions on Nuclear Energy, 2008
One Third of Americans Oppose Nuclear Power Construction
APPENDIX
Outlook for World Energy Consumption
Figure 1-1: Share of Electricity Generation by Source 2005, 2010 and 2015
Carbon Emissions and the Growth in Demand
Reactor Construction Starts Increase
Table 1-1: Total Shutdown Nuclear Reactors by Country
Skilled Labor Shortage
Uranium Supplies
Global Market Values
Table 1-2: Global Market Value of Nuclear Energy Technology Manufacturing(in $ millions) North American Capacity
Table 1-3: North American Share and Generating Capacity of Nuclear Energy, 2002 to 2008 (in MWh)
U.S. Shipments of Nuclear Energy Components
Table 1-4: U.S. Shipment Value of Nuclear Energy Technology Components, 2004 to 2009 (e) (in $ millions)
Nuclear Energy Technology Exports
U.S. Imports of Nuclear Energy Components
European Nuclear Energy Technology Trends
Table 1-5: Europe Nuclear Electricity Installed Capacity, 2008 to 2013 (in MW hours)
Europe’s Aging Energy Infrastructure
Asia Market Trends
Table 1-6: Asia Share and Generating Capacity of Nuclear Energy, 2002 to 2008 (in MWh)
China Nuclear Construction Plans
Asia, Europe Poised for Growth
Table 1-7: Estimated Growth of Nuclear Installed Capacity in Asia, 2008 to 2013 (in MWh)
Table 1-8: Estimated Global Growth of Nuclear Installed Capacity, 2008 to 2013 (in MWh)
Research and Development of Generation IV Technology
Innovations Differ by Nation
Future Nuclear Energy Systems
Instrumentation and Control Systems
Small Nuclear Power Reactors
Consumer Perceptions of Nuclear Energy
Adoption of Safety Standards Needed
Goals for Nuclear Safety
Technologies Improve Safety
CHAPTER 2: INTRODUCTION AND OVERVIEW
Report Scope
Methodology
Terminology
Nuclear Reactor Technologies
Generation 3 Reactor Designs
Table 2-1: Nuclear Reactor Designs
Generation IV Nuclear Reactor Designs
Uranium Conversion
CHAPTER 3: WORLD NUCLEAR ACTIVITIES AND TECHNOLOGIES
Outlook for World Energy Consumption by Source
Table 3-1: World Consumption of Energy by Energy Types and Country Group, 2002, 2008, and 2009 (in quadrillion BTUs)
Figure 3-1: Global Share of Energy Consumption by Source, 2009 vs. 2013
Table 3-2: Global Electricity Generation by Fuel Source, 2005 to 2030 (trillions of KWh)
Figure 3-2: Share of Electricity Generation by Source 2005, 2010 and 2015 (percent)
Figure 3-3: U.S. Emissions of Carbon Dioxide in Billions of Metric Tons, 2009 and 2013
Carbon Emissions and the Growth in Demand
Table 3-3: World Carbon Dioxide Emissions by Region (millions of metric tons of CO2)
Table 3-4: Estimated Country Nuclear Capacity and Capacity Change Through 2013
Reactor Construction Starts Increase
Table 3-5: Total Shutdown Nuclear Reactors by Country
Table 3-6: Nuclear Power Plants Under Construction by Country
Table 3-7: Next-Generation Nuclear Reactor Construction Starts by Country
Table 3-8: Current Nuclear Reactor Construction by Reactor Type and Megawatts
Figure 3-4: Producer Price Index for Key Nuclear Reactor Components, 1999 to 2013 (e)
Table 3-9: U.S. Fuel Production Costs, by Fuel Type, 2002 to 2013 (e) (in cents per Kilowatt hours)
Table 3-10:U.S. Production and Operation Expenses for Power Generation by Power Source, 2002, 2009 and 2013 (in $ millions)
Skilled Labor Shortage
Uranium Supplies
Table 3-11: U.S. Trend of Uranium Purchases and Sales, 2002 to 2009 (millions of pounds and $ dollars per pound)
Nuclear Energy Technology Research
Table 3-12: Average Expenditures on Energy Research and Development by IEA Nations, 2000, 2005 with Projections by SBI for 2009 and 2013 (in U.S. $ millions)
Research on Nuclear Technology Safeguards
CHAPTER 4: WORLD NUCLEAR MARKET TRENDS
Global Market Values
Figure 4-1: Compound Annual Growth Rate of Nuclear Energy Technology
Market Value by Country, 2002 to 2013
Table 4-1: Global Market Value of Nuclear Energy Technology Manufacturing (in millions of $)
Global Nuclear Energy Technology Generating Capacity
Table 4-2: Global Share and Generating Capacity of Nuclear Energy (in MWh)
North American Capacity
Table 4-3: North American Share and Generating Capacity of Nuclear Energy (in MWh)
Table 4-4: North American Share and Generating Capacity of Nuclear Energy (in MWh)
Table 4-5: U.S. Forecast Share of Nuclear Energy, 2002 to 2013 (watt-hours)
Table 4-6: U.S. Share of Nuclear Energy Capacity by State, 2005 to 2008 (in MWh)
Table 4-7: U.S. Share of Nuclear Energy Capacity by State, 2008 to 2013 (in MWh)
U.S. Shipments of Nuclear Energy Components
Table 4-8: U.S. Shipment Value of Nuclear Energy Technology Components, 2004 to 2009 (e) (in $ millions)
Figure 4-2: Share of Shipment Value of Nuclear Energy Components, 2004 and 2009
Nuclear Energy Technology Exports
Table 4-9: U.S. Export Value of Nuclear Energy Technology Components, 2004 to 2009 (e) (in $ millions)
Table 4-10: U.S. Export Value of Metal Tanks by Country, 2004 to 2009 (e) (in $ millions)
Table 4-11: U.S. Export Value of Metal Cans by Country, 2004 to 2009 (e) (in $ millions)
Figure 4-3: Share of U.S. Export Value of Inorganic Chemicals, 2009 (percent)
U.S. Imports of Nuclear Energy Components
Table 4-12: U.S. Import Value of Nuclear Energy Technology Components, 2004 to 2009 (e) (in $ millions)
Table 4-13: U.S. Import Value of Inorganic Chemicals by Country, 2004 to 2009 (e) (in $ millions)
Table 4-14: U.S. Import Value of Power Boilers and Heat Exchangers by Country, 2004 to 2009 (e) (in $ millions)
Table 4-15: U.S. Market Value of Nuclear Energy Technology, 2004 to 2009 (e) (in $ millions)
Figure 4-4: U.S. Imports and Exports as a Percentage of Total Market Value, 2004 to 2009
Table 4-16: U.S. Shipment and Market Value of Nuclear Energy Technology Components, 2009 to 2013 (e) (in $ millions)
Figure 4-5: U.S. Nuclear Energy Technology Manufacturing Market Value and Growth, 2009 to 2013
European Nuclear Energy Technology Trends
Table 4-17: Europe Installed Capacity of Nuclear Energy Technology, 2002 to 2008 (e) (in MWh)
Table 4-18: Europe Nuclear Electricity Installed Capacity, 2008 to 2013 (in MW hours)
Table 4-19: Europe Nuclear Electricity Exports, 2002 to 2013 (in MW)
Europe’s Aging Energy Infrastructure
Nations Split on Nuclear Adoption
Asia Market Trends
Table 4-20: Asia Share and Generating Capacity of Nuclear Energy, 2002 to 2008 (in MWh)
China Nuclear Construction Plans
Table 4-21: China’s Operating Nuclear Power Plants
India Accelerates Nuclear Activity
Table 4-22: India’s Nuclear Reactor Construction Initiatives
Japan Commits to Nuclear
Table 4-23: Japan’s Nuclear Reactor Initiatives
South Korea Addresses Nuclear Concerns
Table 4-24: South Korea Nuclear Reactor Installed Base
Asia, Europe Poised for Growth
Table 4-25: Estimated Growth of Nuclear Installed Capacity in Asia, 2008 to 2013 (in MWh)
Figure 4-6: Share of Nuclear Energy Installed Capacity in Asia, 2008 and 2013
Table 4-26: Estimated Global Growth of Nuclear Installed Capacity, 2008 to 2013 (in MWh)
Figure 4-7: Global Share of Nuclear Energy Installed Capacity, 2008 and 2013 (in MWh)
CHAPTER 5: MANUFACTURER PROFILES AREVA
Corporate Background
Figure 5-1: Areva’s 2008 Share of Revenues by Division (percent)
Product and Brand Portfolio
Performance
Company News
Acquisitions and Divestitures
Outlook
Personnel Changes
Bharat Heavy Electricals (BHEL)
Corporate Background
Products
Performance and Outlook
Company News
Acquisitions and Divestitures
Personnel Changes
Atomic Energy of Canada (CANDU)
Corporate Background
Product and Brand Portfolio
Performance
Figure 5-2: Atomic Energy of Canada 2008 Share of Revenue (in $ millions)
Company News
Acquisitions and Divestitures
Outlook
Larsen and Toubro
Corporate Background
Product and Brand Portfolio
Performance and Outlook
Figure 5-3: L&T Revenue Trend, 2003 to 2008 (in $ billions and percent)
Company News
Acquisitions and Divestitures
McDermott International
Corporate Background
Product and Brand Portfolio
Performance
Figure 5-4: McDermott International’s Revenue, 2005 to 2008 (in $ billions and percent)
Company News
Acquisitions and Divestitures
Personnel Changes
Mitsubishi Heavy Industries
Corporate Background
Performance
Figure 5-5: Mitsubishi Heavy Industries Revenues, 2004 to 2008 (in $ billions and percent)
Outlook
Table 5-1: Mitsubishi Heavy Industries Revenues, 2007 and 2008, by Division (in $ billions)
Company News
Toshiba Westinghouse
Corporate Background
Product and Brand Portfolio
Performance and Outlook
Company News
General Electric Hitachi Nuclear Energy
Corporate Background
Figure 5-6: General Electric Co. Energy Infrastructure Division Revenues and Year-Over-Year Growth, 2005 to 2008 (in $ billions)
Table 5-2: GE Share of Revenues by Business Unit, 2007 and 2008
Product and Brand Portfolio
Company News
CHAPTER 6: INNOVATIONS IN NUCLEAR ENERGY TECHNOLOGY
Research and Development of Generation IV Technology
Table 6-1: Certification Status for New Reactor Designs in the U.S.
Innovations Differ by Nation
Innovations in the Nuclear Fuel Cycle
Future Nuclear Energy Systems
Instrumentation and Control Systems
Instrumentation and Control Components
Digital I&C Equipment
Small Nuclear Power Reactors
Small Reactor Prototypes
Table 6-2: Small Nuclear Reactor Designs and Locations
Liquid Metal Cooled Fast Reactors
Toshiba Designs Small Reactor for Japan
Molten Salt Reactors (MSR)
CHAPTER 7: CONSUMERS OF NUCLEAR ENERGY
Consumer Perceptions of Nuclear Energy
Adoption of Safety Standards Needed
Spent Nuclear Fuel Disposal
Goals for Nuclear Safety
Technologies Improve Safety
Public Acceptance of Nuclear Energy
Table 7-1: Spending on Energy Lobbying in 2008
EU Countries Differ on Nuclear Acceptance
Table 7-2: Percent of EU Citizens in Favor of Nuclear Energy, by Nation
Public Opinion on Nuclear Safety
Figure 7-1: U.S. Opinion on Building Nuclear Power Plants
Figure 7-2: U.S. Adult Opinions on Nuclear Energy, 2008
One Third of Americans Oppose Nuclear Power Construction
APPENDIX
