Hydrogen Production, Market and Forecast in Russia

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The report is devoted to analysis of market of hydrogen in Russia. The report consists of 8 Sections, contains 184 pages, including 11 Figures, 60 Tables and Appendices. This work was implemented by stages. At the first - 'desk' stage, many informational sources were analysed. As information sources, we used data of Rosstat, Federal Customs Service of Russia, official domestic railage statistic of JSC RZhD (former Ministry of Railway Transport of Russia), sectoral (industrial) and regional press, annual and quarterly reports of companies, data from web-sites of company-producers and consumers of hydrogen, as well as own InfoMine database.

At the second stage, the processed and summarized data were verified and corrected by the way of telephone and direct interviews with specialists of companies, involved in hydrogen market.

Statistics on production of hydrogen is not available both in Russia and in other countries. Total volume of production of hydrogen can be extimated by indirect parameters only, connected with production of such compounds as ammonia, methanol, oil refining and petrochemical products, consumption in metallurgy and other sectors of industry.

In connection with the fact that the bulk of hydrogen is produced and consumed internally by enterprises, structure of the report is as follows:

In Section III 'The main producers of hydrogen at Russian market', a few companies, producing comodity hydrogen - for sale at domestic market - are described.

In Section IV 'The main suppliers of hydrogen to Russian market', traders, involved in sale of hydrogen, are considered.

In Section V 'The main consumers of hydrogen at Russian market', companies, producing hydrogen for own needs, are described, as well as companies, which purchase H2. In the Section, summarized Tables on volumes of consumption of hydrogen for the latest 3 years (2004-2006) by sectors of industry and companies are presented, and description of hydrogen projects, being realised now by Russian companies, is given.

Structure of consumption of hydrogen in developed countries is practically similar. The greatest consumers (up to 90% of total volume of production) are chemical and petrochemical industries. Among smaller consumers are metallurgical and metal-working industries, food, electronic, pharmaceutical sectors, aerospace industry and other.

At present time in Russia, two methods of hydrogen obtaining are mainly applied (steam conversion of natural gas and water electrolysis), and the bulk of hydrogen is produced in places of its consumption, both by large and small consumers. Companies of chemical, petrochemical and oil-refining industry, for obtaining hydrogen, apply steam conversion of methan, and companies of semiconductor, glass, food industries, metallurgy and power generation apply electrolytic hydrogen that is connected with compactness, simplicity abd reliability of water electrolyzers, high purity of obtained hydrogen and oxygen, high level of facility automation and great service life of the facilities.

Foreign trade in hydrogen is not practically conducted owing to the lack of network of hydrogen pipelines. Only small supplies of stored gas are implemented, which do not produce effect on domestic market.

At present time, draft special Technical Regulations 'About Safety of Facilities and Systems, Using Hydrogen' is elaborated, which is a basis for preparing system of standards on production, storing, transportation, usage and utilisation of hydrogen in Russian industry. In this connection, legislative acts on usage, transport and storing of equipment are presented in a single place: Section V, part 11.

Contents

INTRODUCTION

1. PROPERTIES OF HYDROGEN

2. METHODS OF PRODUCTION OF HYDROGEN

I. VOLUMES OF MARKET

I.1. Volumes of production of hydrogen
I.2. Volumes and structure of consumption of hydrogen

II. STRUCTURE OF PRICES ON HYDROGEN

II.1. Price of production of hydrogen
II.2. Price of transportation
II.3. Price of storing

III. THE MAIN PRODUCERS OF HYDROGEN AT RUSSIAN MARKET

IV. THE MAIN SUPPLIERS OF HYDROGEN TO RUSSIAN MARKET

V. THE MAIN CONSUMERS OF HYDROGEN AT RUSSIAN MARKET

V.1. Requirements, imposed on quality of hydrogen consumed
  V.1.1. Hydrogen gaseous technical
  V.1.2. Hydrogen gaseous pure
V.2. Consumers of hydrogen in chemical industry
V.3. Consumers of hydrogen oil refining
V.4. Consumers of hydrogen in metallurgy
V.5. Consumers of hydrogen in production of polycrystalline silicon
V.6. Consumers of hydrogen in electronic and electrical industry
V.7. Consumers of hydrogen in grass industry
V.8. Consumers of hydrogen in food industry
V.9. Consumers of hydrogen in power generation
V.10. Other consumers of hydrogen
V.11. Legal framework for use of hydrogen

VI. TRANSPORTATION OF HYDROGEN WITHIN RUSSIA

VI.1. Methods of transportation of hydrogen
VI.2. Geography and volumes of transportation

VII. STORING OF HYDROGEN

VIII. EQUIPMENT FOR PRODUCTION OF HYDROGEN AT THE LOCAL LEVEL

VIII.I. Suppliers of equipment for production of hydrogen at the local level
  VIII.I.1. Equipment for production of hydrogen
  VIII.I.2. Equipment for compressing of hydrogen
  VIII.I.3. Legal framework

CONCLUSION

Appendix 1: Contact information on company-producers of hydrogen
Appendix 2: Contact information on company-suppliers of hydrogen

LIST OF TABLES:

Table 1: Selective properties of normal hydrogen and para-hydrogen, related to safety
Table 2: Thermophysical properties of common gases
Table 3: Selective properties of some cryogenic substrances at their normal boiling point
Table 4: Production of hydrogen by sectors of industry in 2004-2006, thousand t
Table 5: Prime cost of production of technical hydrogen by various methods, Rubles/kg
Table 6: Prime cost of obtaining hydrogen by conversion of natural gas at low-productive facility by method 'Fast Engineering'
Table 7: Calculation of prime cost of gaseous technical hydrogen, obtained by electrolysis of water, as of 01.05.06
Table 8: Price on pyrified gaseous hydrogen as of 01.05.06
Table 9: Price of liquid hydrogen
Table 10: Pipeline tariff on gaseous hydrogen at pressure of 7 MPa
Table 11: Price of trader's services on supply of hydrogen, as of May 2007
Table 12: Price of cylinders for storing hydrogen
Table 13: Producers of commodity hydrogen
Table 14: Consumers of hydrogen, produced by JSC 'Novosibirsk plant of chemical concentrates' in 2002-2006, kg
Table 15: Quality parameters of high purity hydrogen (OSCh) in accordance with Specifications 2118-06-18136415-05
Table 16: Quality parameters of technical hydrogen of increased purity (TPCh) in accordance with Specifications 2118-05-18136415-05
Table 17: Suppliers of stored hydrogen (in cylinders)
Table 18: Price of services of LLC 'PGS-Service'
Table 19: Price of hydrogen, offered by LLC 'Monitoring'
Table 20: Price of services of LLC 'Uralcryogas'
Table 21: Price of services of LLC 'Technical gases'
Table 22: Price of services of NII KM
Table 23: Target figure for technical gaseous hydrogen (according to GOST 3022-80)
Table 24: Target figure for pure gaseous hydrogen (according to GOST R 51673-2000)
Table 25: Production of ammonia and hydrogen in Russia in 2004-2006, thousand t
Table 26: Production of methanol and hydrogen in Russia in 2004-2006, thousand t
Table 27: Production of butyl alcohols and hydrogen in Russia in 2004-2006, thousand t
Table 28: Production of caprolactam and hydrogen in Russia in 2004-2006, thousand t
Table 29: Production of electrolytic caustic soda (thousand t) and hydrogen (t) in Russia in 2004-2006
Table 30: Production of synthetic hydrochloric acid (thousand t) and consumption of hydrogen (t) in Russia in 2004-2006
Table 31: Balance of hydrogen in primary oil rifining, thousand tpy 100%-hydrogen
Table 32: Catalytic reforming of resources and yield of hydrogen at Russian oil refineries in 2004-2005, thousand t
Table 33: Russian oil refineries, having aditional facilities on production of hydrogen
Table 34: Production of metallised resources and consumption of hydrogen in Russia in 2004-2006, thousand t
Table 35: Volumes of production of cold-rolled steel and consumption of hydrogen in Russia in 2004-2006, thousand t
Table 36: Conditions of thermal treatment of cold-rolled steel
Table 37: Production of thermo-polished sheet glass in Russia in 2004-2006 (in bulk, mln m2)
Table 38: Production of solid (hydrogenized) oil and hydrogen in Russia in 2002 and 2005
Table 39: Minimal distances from facilities, using gaseous hydrogen (except facilities, designated for storing gaseous hydrogen), as well as from houses, in which they are located, to adjacent houses and constructions
Table 40: Minimal distances from stored (in cylinders) gaseous hydrogen storehouse to adjacent houses and constructions
Table 41: Minimal distances facilities, designated for storing gaseous hydrogen, to adjacent houses and constructions
Table 42: Minimal distances facilities, designated for storing liquid hydrogen, to houses and constructions in structure of the storehouse
Table 43: Minimal distances from edge of motor road to houses and constructions in structure of hydrogen storehouse
Table 44: Minimal distances from stations (platforms) for filling transport reservoirs of liquid hydrogen to houses and constructions, which are not involved in production of liquid hydrogen
Table 45: Minimal distances from trestle edge with hydrogen technological pipelines to houses and constructions
Table 46: Minimal distances from point of blow-out from system of emergency discharge to adjacent houses and constructions
Table 47: Ratio of minimal distance from point of blow-out from system of emergency discharge to diameter of outlet plug section depending on volume ratio of inert gas in hydrogen
Table 48: Performance specifications of rail tanker and tank truck for transporting liquid hydrogen
Table 49: Volumes of railage of stored hydrogen (in cylinders) in 2002-2006, pieces
Table 50: Comparative characteristics of electrolyzers for production of hydrogen
Table 51: Performance specifications of domestic commercial electrolyzers BEU-250 and FV-500
Table 52: Performance specifications of domestic commercial electrolyzers SE
Table 53: List of standard equipment of electrolyzers of type SE (quantity per 1 electrolyzer)
Table 54: List of standard equipment of electrolysis facilities of type BEU (quantity per 1 electrolyzer)
Table 55: List of standard equipment of electrolysis facilities of type FS
Table 56: Performance specifications of facility of natural gas conversion VR-250 (NPP 'Mashprom')
Table 57: Performance specifications of electrolyzer of production of company Norsk Hydro Electrolysers
Table 58: Performance specifications of piston compressors of type 6GSh
Table 59: Performance specifications of piston compressor 2GM4-9.6/161
Table 60: Performance specifications of piston compressors of firm CompAir

LIST OF FIGURES:

Figure 1: Dynamics of production of hydrogen in Russia in 2004 -2006, thousand t
Figure 2: Changing structure of hydrogen production in 2004-2006
Figure 3: Structure of consumption of hydrogen in 2006, %
Figure 4: Dependence of prices on output of gaseous hydrogen
Figure 5: Dependence of prices on output of liquid hydrogen
Figure 6: Dynamics of railage tariffs on hydrogen of JSC 'NZKhK' in 2002-2006, Rubles/t
Figure 7: Dynamics of railage tariffs on hydrogen of JSC 'Lindegazrs' and PJSC 'Lentekhgaz' in 2002-2004, Rubles/t
Figure 8: Block-scheme of production of liquid hydrogen of FGUP 'NIIKhimMASh'
Figure 9: Electrolyzers for obtaining hydrogen, manufactured by JSC 'Uralkhimmash'
Figure 10: Piston compressor of type 6GSh
Figure 11: Piston compressor of type 2GM Skip to top